An Introduction and Various Phytochemical Studies of Cinnamomum Malabatrum : A Brief Review

INTRODUCTION Cinnamomum malabatrum is also called as wild cinnamon, country cinnamon and as malabathrum, it belongs to the family Lauraceae, that is endemic to western ghats of India. It can grow up to 15m (49ft) tall. It has aromatic leaves are used for culinary and medicinal purpose. It is thought to have been one of the major sources of the medicinal plant leaves known in classical and medieval times as malabathrum (or malobathrum). Malabar is traditionally used to denote the west coast of southern India forms the present-day state of Kerala and adjoining areas. The word mala or Malaya means -a mountain in the languages Tamil and Malayalam and Sanskrit. The word ‘malabathrum’ is thought to have been derived from the Sanskrit tamālapattram, literally meaning "dark-tree leaves". In figure 1 you can see the dark tree leaves of Cinnamomum malabatrum. TAXONOMY Scientific classification Botanical name Cinnamomum malabatrum Kingdom Plantae Clade: Tracheophytes Clade: Angiosperms Clade: angolides Division Magnoliophyta Class Magnoliopsida Order – Laurales Family Lauraceae Genus – Cinnamomum Species: C.malabatrum Binomial name: Cinnamomum SYNONYMS Cinnamomum malabathricum Lukman Cinnamomum ochraceum Blume Cinnamomum rheedii Lukman RELATED SPECIES Cassia Cinnamomumverum Cinnamomumtamala Cinnamon Saigon cinnamon VERNACULAR NAMES English Country Cinnamon Hindi JangliDalchini Marathi – Dalchinitiki Tamil Kattu-karuvappattai Telugu Adavilavangapatta Sanskrit – Tejpatra Persian Sazaj-i-Hindi Malayalam Karuntoli ABSTRACT Context: The aim of this research is to find new anticancer drugs from indigenous plant which are potent nontoxic or minimal toxic and to investigate the anticancer activity of Cinnamomum malabatrum plant leaves. Objective: The objective of the present study is to identify selected medicinal plants which possess anticancer activity according to their traditional uses. Materials & Methods: Cinnamomum malabatrum leaves, extraction method. Results and Discussion: Cinnamon (Cinnamomum malabatrum), the eternal tree of medical science belongs to the Lauraceae family. Cinnamon is one in every of the foremost important spices used daily by people everywhere in the world. Cinnamon primarily contains vital oils and other chemical constituents like Cinnamaldehyde, Cinnamic acid, Cinnamate. These constituents are used in different kinds of diseases they also producing cardiovascular disease lowering compound, used as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, lipid-lowering agent, and cardiovascular-disease-lowering compound, cinnamon has also been reported to have activities against cancer, like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Conclusion: This review illustrates the phytochemical studies prospective. Mrs. Tirumala Duguta*, Dr. Binoy Varghese cheriyan


INTRODUCTION
Cinnamomum malabatrum is also called as wild cinnamon, country cinnamon and as malabathrum, it belongs to the family Lauraceae, that is endemic to western ghats of India. It can grow up to 15m (49ft) tall. It has aromatic leaves are used for culinary and medicinal purpose. It is thought to have been one of the major sources of the medicinal plant leaves known in classical and medieval times as malabathrum (or malobathrum).
Malabar is traditionally used to denote the west coast of southern India forms the present-day state of Kerala and adjoining areas.
The word mala or Malaya means -a mountain in the languages Tamil and Malayalam and Sanskrit. The word 'malabathrum' is thought to have been derived from the Sanskrit tamālapattram, literally meaning "dark-tree leaves". In figure 1 you can see the dark tree leaves of Cinnamomum malabatrum.

MORPHOLOGY
The Cinnamomum Malabatrum is moderate evergreen tree, the bark is smooth or slightly longitudinal cracked brown. Leaves are opposite or sub-opposite, elliptic to oblong, glabrous, Colour is in pink when young, 3-nerved from close above the underside almost to the apex. Flowers are long, pale yellowish and fruits ellipsoid.

TRADITIONAL USES
In addition to being employed as a spice and flavouring agent, cinnamon is additionally added to flavour chewing gums due to its mouth refreshing effects and skill to urge eliminate bad breath. Cinnamon can even improve the health of the colon, thereby reducing the prospect of carcinoma. 2

MEDICINAL USES 2,4-7
The essential oil obtained from the leaves has been shown to be antibacterial and antifungal. The leaves are carminative. They are used in the treatment of colic and rheumatism. They are sweetish and heating, making them useful in vata, scabies, disease of the anus and rectum, tridosha, piles and heart troubles.An ethanol extraction of the leaves has shown significant anti-inflammatory activity and can be used in the treatment of acute inflammation. 8
The constituents of the essential oils of leaf, petiole, shoot and terminal shoot of Cinnamomum malabatrum were determined by GC and GC-MS. 5 39 compounds, constituting 95% of the oil, were identified in the leaves. Major chemical constituents of the leaf oil were Caryophyllene (28.6%), Cinnamyl acetate (15.1%), Bicyclogermacrene (14.4%) and Benzyl benzoate (8.5%). 28 compounds, representing 98% and 97% of the oil, were identified in the petioles and shoots, respectively, whereas in the oil of the terminal shoots 34 compounds, accounting for 97%, were identified. The essential oils of the petiols, shoots and terminal shoots were dominated by linalool (77.8-79.4%). In the below figures from figure 2 to figure 14 different chemical constituents structures are given.              Malabatrum showed marked distinction in physicochemical and volatile oil composition which will serve as markers to differentiate it from C. tamala; the official source of tamalapatra. Though Though physic chemical constants will serve the purpose of standardization, volatile oil composition was found to be a diagnostic test for the differentiation of was found to C. Malabatrum from C. Tamala.