Blending of Chorella Patin And Microalga Fish Oil as an Associated Chorella as Potential Health Food

Chorella sp. is one of microalgae that can grow in fresh water, brackish and salty and has a very good nutrient content. In dry conditions, it contains 5560% protein, depending on the source.1,2 Microalgae is also rich gamma-linolenic (GLA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linolenicacid (LA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaeonic (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA).3,4 In addition, it is also a source of vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, vitamine C, vitamine D and vitamine E) and minerals (potassium, calcium, chrome, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, sodium, and zinc). Considering the function of microalgae is very useful be used as a source of raw materials for health food supplements. Health Food Supplements have become a necessity for the community to maintain their health at the optimal level. However, health food supplements that circulating in the market today are relatively expensive, only affordable for the people of the group middle class and difficult for the lower classes of society.


INTRODUCTION
Chorella sp. is one of microalgae that can grow in fresh water, brackish and salty and has a very good nutrient content. In dry conditions, it contains 55-60% protein, depending on the source. 1,2 Microalgae is also rich gamma-linolenic (GLA), alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), linolenicacid (LA), stearidonic acid (SDA), eicosapentaeonic (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and arachidonic acid (AA). 3,4 In addition, it is also a source of vitamins (vitamins B1, B2, B3, B6, B9, B12, vitamine C, vitamine D and vitamine E) and minerals (potassium, calcium, chrome, copper, iron, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, selenium, sodium, and zinc). Considering the function of microalgae is very useful be used as a source of raw materials for health food supplements. Health Food Supplements have become a necessity for the community to maintain their health at the optimal level. However, health food supplements that circulating in the market today are relatively expensive, only affordable for the people of the group middle class and difficult for the lower classes of society.
Although the nutritional content is good, it still needs to be improved through fortification with other sources of nutrients such as catfish, because catfish are rich in amino acids and fatty acids, especially omega-9 fatty acids. According 5-13 study showed that catfish which are processed into fish protein concentrates contain 79.6% protein; while the research of 14 states that the fat content of catfish is rich in omega-9 fatty acids. On the other hand, microalgae Chorella, which is an organism from freshwater green algae of the type Chorella pyrenoidosa, is dark green and contains nutritional components such as carbohydrates, chlorophyll, Chorella growth factor, vitamins and fiber.
Microalgae have great potential to produce various important biochemical compounds for food, medical treatment, research, and other uses and there are still many important undiscovered biochemical compounds from microalgae. 12 Thus, to produce a superior product, is needed functional components of food from other sources, especially catfish. so, it is necessary combined by encapsulation 8 , and the results of this combination are expected will form a high nutritional health food product and provide sensation comfortable for consumers. This study was to produce supplements high nutritious health food from Chorella enriched raw materials fish protein concentrate and catfish oil. This research was expected to produce the best formula for enriched microalgae-based health food supplements functional components of food from catfish which are good and appropriate. So, this research aimed to study to produce health food supplement products that can accepted by consumers and highly nutritious so that they can improve health society.

Material and tools
The raw material used Chorella powder from Research and Development in from the goverment Riau province and catfish from farmers with catfish cultivation in Kampar district, Riau. The ingredients used for the manufacture of fish protein concentrate (KPI) are catfish (Pangasius hypothalmus), 0.5 N NaHCO3, 70% isopropyl alcohol (food grade), and packaging materials (aluminum paper and capsules). The materials used for analysis are ingredients for proximate analysis, amino acid profiles and fatty acids.
The main tools needed in this study are 100 mesh sieves, oven (Memmert), Soxhlet tools, and spray drier instruments.

Research procedure
This research was carried out by an experimental method, which is to conduct experiments in making health food supplements by fortifying fish protein concentrates and catfish oil, on Chorella by encapsulation. 4 These materials were obtained from microalgae dried Chorella cultivated for Chorella powder, while fish protein concentrates and catfish oil from the waste processing of catfish fillets in the form of flake meat, head, bone, tail and belly fat.
Food supplements produced from this study were processed by microencapsulation using a spray drier. Thus, this food supplement is a blend raw material for catfish, Chorella microalgae and encapsulated catfish protein concentrates. The coating material used was maltodextrin and twinn 80 ( Table 1). The formulations used to produce health food supplements are functional components of fish protein concentrate food, fish oil and Chorella ( Table 1).

Characterization of health food supplements
Characterization of health food supplements including analysis of protein, fat, amino acid profile and fatty acid profile were analyzed according to the. 1,2 Data obtained from the results of this study were experimental design for analyzed Analysis of Varians (ANOVA).

Nutritional content of food supplements
The nutritional content of health food supplements as a result of catfish oil blending, Chorella microalgae and encapsulated catfish protein concentrate can be seen in Table 2.
In Table 2 it can be seen that based on protein content, the best formulations were formulations B and C.

Profile amino acids food supplement
The essential amino acid content of health food supplements formulations B and C meets the standard AAE intake per day. All essential amino acids contained in health food supplements have their respective functions. As 16 stated, methionine serves to help remove toxic substances in the liver, stimulate liver regeneration and reduce blood cholesterol levels; while leucine serves to help break down muscle proteins, helps healing fractures. Profile of essential amino acid health food supplements with various formulations can be seen in Table 3.

Profile of essential fatty acid health food supplements
Essential fatty acids are a type of fatty acid that is needed by the body for biological processes but cannot be produced by the body so it needs to be consumed through food. The essential fatty acid content of health food supplements produced from this study can be seen in Table 4. Table 4 showed that the essential fatty acid content of health food supplements formulations B and C are higher than other formulations, especially oleic and linoleic fatty acids, because catfish oil is rich in fatty acids. 3

DISCUSSION
Formulations B there was raw materials for protein sources, Chorella and fish protein concentrates. While other formulations are dominated by fat content. Furthermore according to 6,15 Isoleucine is needed in the production and storage of protein by the body and the formation of hemoglobin, and the function of the thymus gland and pituitary gland, for optimal growth, maintaining nitrogen balance in the body, forming other non-essential amino acids, important for formation of     hemoglobin and stabilize blood sugar levels. Phenylalanine is needed to improve mood, endocrine levels and aphrodisiacs. 7,14 Valina is useful for growth, in the nervous and digestive systems, helps disorders of the muscles of the muscles, mental, emotional, insomnia and nervousness, stimulates muscle coordination, repair damaged tissue, and maintains nitrogen balance in the body. 9,11 Oleic Acid is a fatty acid MUFA group (mono unsaturated fatty acid) which has a structure of 18: 1 D9 with the formula molecule CH3 (CH2) 7C = C (CH2) 7COOH, and is an omega -9 group because it has a double bond at position 9 from the end of the chain. 10

CONCLUSION
The results of the research have concluded that the nutritional content of health food supplements as a result of catfish oil blending, catfish and Chorella protein concentrates encapsulated with several formulations showed that formulations B combination patin fish oils, Chorella, dan KPI were the best formulations based on protein content, fat, essential amino acid profiles and essential fatty acids.