<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Matsaba B.M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makhoahle P.M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteriological Profile of Clinical Isolates from COVID-19 Hospitalised and Non-Hospitalised Patients in Bloemfontein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiotics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial Infections</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patients</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67-75</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The COVID-19 literature is limited regarding bacterial infections. If bacterial infections drive mortality in respiratory viruses, this has clear implications for patient management. To address this limited literature problem, we review current knowledge on bacterial infections in COVID-19, assess information from past viral respiratory pandemics, and determine the most prevalent infections. We also study antibiotic misuse during the COVID-19 pandemic. The findings of this study conclude that there is a need to consider presence or absence of bacterial infection in COVID-19 management. Early determination and antibiotic treatment are of importance, however not all patients who are tested for COVID -19 are also tested for bacterial infections which may exacerbate the disease. Physicians utilised antibiotics as a treatment for COVID -19 for various reasons, this posed a risk of antibiotic overuse and antimicrobial resistance when administered in patients with no bacterial infection. While lack of access to antibiotics could be dangerous in the same vein as its misuse, it is of importance to ensure that these life-saving agents are preserved and used with utmost care.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">67</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Matsaba B.M&lt;sup&gt;1,2 &lt;/sup&gt;and Makhoahle P.M&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Department of Health Sciences, Biomedical Technology/Medical Laboratory Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;PathCare Laboratory-Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kasturi Bhattacharjee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moumita Nath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yashmin Choudhury</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine Mitigates Betel-Nut Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis, Enhances Chemosensitivity to Cisplatin and Reduces Cisplatin- Induced Nephrotoxicity in Mice Exposed to an Aqueous Extract of Betel Nut</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AEBN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel-Nut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemotherapy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cisplatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1021-1028</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; There is a considerable correlation between the use of betel-nut (BN) as a chewing substance and the development of various malignancies. Objective: The bioactive phytocompound berberine was tested as monotherapy or in combination with cisplatin to reduce BN-induced carcinogenesis in mice. We also examined how berberine affected cisplatin-induced toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Swiss Albino mice were exposed to aqueous extract of betel-nut (AEBN) at a dose of 2 mg ml-1 in drinking water, for 16 weeks. Following this, the mice were given a combination of AEBN and berberine (10 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 8 weeks. Control mice were given drinking water without AEBN for 24 weeks. For the combination treatment, mice that had been exposed to AEBN (2 mg ml&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 16 weeks were given AEBN+sodiumchloride+cisplatin (5 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) +berberine (10 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) for 2 weeks. Histopathology, oxidative stress, proliferation, apoptosis, oncogenic and tumor suppressor proteins, hepatotoxicity, and nephrotoxicity were assessed in tissues retrieved at treatment endpoints. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Berberine monotherapy reduced tissue dysplasia, liver nodulation, oxidative stress, proliferation (Ki-67 and Cyclin D1) markers, Akt/mTOR signaling, and pP53 (Ser-15) levels and apoptosis in AEBN-treated mice to levels comparable to cisplatin alone. Berberine with cisplatin decreased nephrotoxicity, fur shedding, and cancer phenotype more than cisplatin alone. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study results imparted a new therapeutic approach in developing more effective and less harmful cancer treatments.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1021</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kasturi Bhattacharjee, Moumita Nath, Yashmin Choudhury*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar-788011, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horacio Larqué</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelardo Chávez Montes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaime Zamora-Chimal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moises Looh-Hernández</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joel H. Elizondo Luevano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esther del Olmo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioguided Assay of Polyphenols Isolated from Medicinal Mayan Species and its Activity Against Leishmania mexicana.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coumarins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leishmania mexicana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NMR structural determination</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">174-180</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study underlines the in vitro leishmanicidal activity of the methanol extracts (MeOH), fractions of n-hexane (n-Hex), chloroform (TCM) and ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and compounds isolated from plant species used in the Mayan traditional medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Extracts of medicinal species collected in the Mayan Peninsula such as Hylocerus undatus, Bauhinia divaricate, Euphorbia hirta, Ruellia nudiflora and Cedrela odorata, were tasted in a bio guided assays against amastigotes of Leishmania mexicana. Different chromatographic techniques were applied in order to isolated the most active compounds. Additionally, spectroscopic experiments 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, LC-MS and FT-IR were stablished to determine the chemical structure of the chemical compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Euphorbia hirta and Cedrella odorata, showed good bioactivity with 14.81 ± 2.63 g/mL and IC50 = 18.39 ± 0.88 μg/mL respectively, meanwhile Bauhinia divaricata not show activity and Ruellia nudiflora showed poor activity with IC50 = 92.18 ± 3.64 μg/mL, followed by Hylocerus undatus with IC50 = 122.5 ± 20.99 μg/mL, when tasted against amastigotes of Leishmania mexicana. Spectroscopic data confirmed the presence of quercetin, myricetin, kempherol and scopoletin, with IC50 = 2.92 ± 0.42 μM, 12.30 ± 0.57 μM, 20.22 ± 4.66 μM and 4.05 ± 0.68 μM respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The bioguided assays guided us, to the purification and isolation of four different metabolites, mainly flavonoids and structurally related compounds, some of them show good activity, however, their low bioavailability indicates the need for detailed structural relation activity studies, together with the development of formulations and delivery systems.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">174</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Horacio Larqué&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Abelardo Chávez Montes&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jaime Zamora-Chimal&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Moises Looh- Hernández&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Joel H. Elizondo Luevano&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Esther del Olmo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Química Farmacéutica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Salamanca (USAL), Campus Miguel de Unamuno s/n, 37007, Salamanca, SPAIN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), Av. de los Rectores s/n, Cd. Universitaria, 66450, San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León, MÉXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, MÉXICO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retno Budiarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ediono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Miftahussurur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulloh Machin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Wijdan Rosyich</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayu Imamatun Nisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatimatuzzahro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nila Novia Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ja’far Shodiq</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarker Profiles Associated with Covid-19 Mortality in East Java, Indonesia: A Tertiary Care Hospital Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarker</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outcome</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-694</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to compare the most useful biomarkers for predicting prognosis and response to therapy in COVID-19 patients. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This quantitative study involved 639 patients who were hospitalized with COVID-19 infection. Patients without any biochemical marker result; patients referred to another hospital; and peripheral oxygen levels measured using oxygen supplementation were excluded from the study. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;There was a statistically significant difference in terms of demographics, vital signs on admission, and laboratory parameters. The risk of mortality in COVID-19 is significantly influenced by c-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels (p-value &amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Findings revealed these biomarkers could help the future development of more personalized treatment and diagnostic approaches.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Retno Budiarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ediono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Miftahussurur&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdulloh Machin&lt;sup&gt;5,7&lt;/sup&gt;, Wiwin Is Effendi&lt;sup&gt;5,6&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Wijdan Rosyich&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Ayu Imamatun Nisa’&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatimatuzzahro’&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Nila Novia Putri&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Ja’far Shodiq&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pulmonology Department, Naval Hospital, RSAL Dr. Ramelan, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine / Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Helicobacter Pylori and Microbiota Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Infectious Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pulmonology and Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Neurology Department, Faculty of Medicine / Dr. Soetomo Teaching Hospital, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On-Anong Somsap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anussara Kamnate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amornrat Angajchariya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boletus griseipurpureus Corner: Antibacterial, Antioxidant Properties and Phytochemical Compositions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant property</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boletus griseipurpureus Corner</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical compositions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296-301</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study aims to investigate the properties of B. griseipurpureus Corner concerning its efficacy against various bacterial strains and its antioxidant capacity, along with its phytochemical composition. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using the agar well diffusion method, revealing pronounced efficacy against gram-negative bacteria, particularly noteworthy against E. coli ESBL182, known for its antibiotic resistance. The Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of B. griseipurpureus Corner extract against E. coli ESBL182 were determined to be 75 and 300 mg/ml, respectively. The extract exhibited bacteriostatic activity by inhibiting cell growth, leading to a reduction in optical density at 600 nm. Additionally, examination of the supernatant from untreated and treated E. coli ESBL182 cells with B. griseipurpureus Corner extract indicated absorbance values of 0.088 and 0.248 at 260 nm, and 0.045 and 0.286 at 280 nm, respectively. Further investigation utilizing a scanning electron microscope revealed alterations in the morphology of treated cells, which displayed elongation and fragmentation, in contrast to untreated cells. The DPPH assay indicated that the IC50 of B. griseipurpureus Corner extract was 31.22 mg/ml. The IC50 value obtained from the ABTS assay was 47.31 mg/ml. Additionally, the FRAP assay revealed that the concentration of ascorbic acid equivalent in B. griseipurpureus Corner extract was 1.06 mg/g crude extract. Phytochemical analysis, conducted using a spectrophotometer at wavelengths of 750 nm and 510 nm, respectively, indicated phenolic and flavonoid contents of 0.22 mg gallic acid/g fresh weight and 3.23 mg quercetin/g fresh weight in the extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;On-Anong Somsap&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anussara Kamnate&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amornrat Angajchariya&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science and Fisheries Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Srivijaya, Trang campus 179 Moo 3 Maifad Sikao Trang 92150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Properties of Polyherbal Formulations: A Review of their Antimicrobial, Anti-Inflammatory, Antioxidant, and Toxicological Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyherbal medicines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicological properties.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">933-963</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The use of traditional and folklore systems of medicine has been an important part of healthcare worldwide, and polyherbal formulations, which are combinations of different herbs, are gaining recognition for their medicinal and therapeutic potential. These formulations can be optimized to have stronger therapeutic effects with lower toxicity. The aim of this study was to review research on the antimicrobial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant and toxicological properties of polyherbal formulations around the world, with a view to promoting their use and identifying areas where further research is needed. The author analyzed 99 articles published between 2010 and 2022, using scientific search engines such as Elsevier, BioMed Central, ScienceDirect, PubMed, and Scopus, to assess the use of polyherbal formulations in different countries. This article enlists some commercial and non-commercial polyherbal formulations all around the world with India leading in the number of publications on polyherbal formulations, followed by Nigeria, and Pakistan. The various pharmacological studies conducted have shown that polyherbal medicines possess antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and toxicological properties, hence, validating their traditional use. However, further clinical work is required to fully understand the therapeutic potential of polyherbal formulations. The growing interest in the therapeutic use of non-toxic conventional medicinal plants as low-cost alternatives for disease prevention and treatment has made natural products valuable tools for creating new lead compounds and scaffolds. Plants will continue to play a pivotal role in the discovery of drugs for human diseases, and the development of potent cures derived from plants would represent significant progress in the treatment of diseases.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">933</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Elizabeth Bosede Aladejana*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Electron Microscope Unit; Medicinal Plants for Economic Development Niche Area, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice 5700, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qimuge</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terbish L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bold Sharavyn</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Briefly Describe the Traditional Preparation Method of Mercury in Mongolian Medicine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Literature research.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mercury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Traditional processing methods</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">921-923</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to review the traditional preparation methods and clinical applications of mercury in Mongolian medicine through a literature review. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Ancient and modern literature on the preparation of mercury were reviewed, and the recorded preparation methods in the literature were summarized and organized. The clinical applications were also briefly described. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The traditional preparation methods of mercury in Mongolian medicine can be divided into two parts: preparation before processing and specific processing methods. The preparation before processing includes steps such as removing impurities and reducing the weight of mercury. The &quot;Four Parts Ganlu&quot; emphasizes the toxicity of mercury due to its rust (impurities) and weight. Specific processing methods include hot processing, cold processing, slow processing, and quick processing. According to the clinical application records in the literature, hot processing is widely used and still in use today. As a commonly used mineral medicine in Mongolian medicine, mercury is found in various compound formulations recorded in the literature, with a focus on diseases such as &quot;bile&quot;, lymphatic, and brain diseases. The proportion of mercury used varies significantly. For example, the preparation of mercury in the Mongen Wusu-18 pill has a higher content and is widely used with significant effects. In addition, mercury is also used in formulations such as Qishiwu Pearl Pill, Ershiwu Songshi Pill, and Ershiwu Coral Pill. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The review and study of the traditional preparation methods of mercury in Mongolian medicine can contribute to the standardization and normalization of processing techniques and provide reference materials for the safe application and formulation of mercury processing products.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">921</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Qimuge&lt;sup&gt;1,3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Terbish L&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bold Sharavyn&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Mongolian Medical College, Inner Mongolian Minzu University, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Mongolian National Academy of Sciences, Mongolian.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;International School of Mongolian Medicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Mongolian.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Key Laboratory of Mongolian Medicine Research and Development Engineering, Ministry of Education, Tongliao 028000&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VD Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AA Parikesit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FA Dian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RT Probojati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Rebezov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Scherbakov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Burkov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Zhdanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Mikhalev</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Y Antonius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MRF Pratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NI Sumantri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TH Sucipto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Compounds from Mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) as an Antiviral Agent via Dual Inhibitor Mechanism against SARSCoV- 2: An In Silico Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85-90</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‑CoV‑2) is the virus that causes COVID-19 which is responsible for respiratory illness infection in humans. The virus was first identified in China in 2019 and later spread to other countries worldwide. This study aims to identify the bioactive compounds from mangosteen (&lt;em&gt;Garcinia mangostana &lt;/em&gt;L.) as an antiviral agent via dual inhibitor mechanisms against two SARS-CoV-2 proteases through the &lt;em&gt;in silico &lt;/em&gt;approach. The three-dimensional structure of various bioactive compounds of mangosteen from the database was examined. Furthermore, all the target compounds were analyzed for drug, antiviral activity prediction, virtual screening, molecular interactions, and threedimensional structure visualization. It aimed to determine the potential of the bioactive compounds from mangosteen that can serve as antiviral agents to fight SARS-CoV-2. Results showed that the bioactive compounds from mangosteen have the prospective to provide antiviral agents that contradict the virus via dual inhibitory mechanisms. In summary, the binding of the various bioactive compounds from mangosteen results in low binding energy and is expected to have the ability to induce any activity of the target protein binding reaction. Therefore, it allows various bioactive compounds from mangosteen to act as dual inhibitory mechanisms for COVID-19 infection.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Antiviral agent, COVID-19, &lt;em&gt;Garcinia mangostana&lt;/em&gt; L., In silico approach, SARS-CoV-2.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">85</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, VD Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, AA Parikesit&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, FA Dian&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, RT Probojati&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, M Rebezov&lt;sup&gt;6,7&lt;/sup&gt;, P Scherbakov&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, P Burkov&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, G Zhdanova7, A Mikhalev&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Y Antonius&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;, MRF Pratama&lt;sup&gt;11,12&lt;/sup&gt;, NI Sumantri&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;, TH Sucipto&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;, R Zainul&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Indonesia International Institute for Life Sciences, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agronomy, Horticulture and Bioengineering, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, POLAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Kadiri, Kediri, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Ural State Agrarian University, Yekaterinburg, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;K.G. Razumovsky Moscow State University of Technologies and Management (The First Cossack University), Moscow, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Infectious Diseases and Veterinary, South Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Biotechnology of Animal Reproduction, South Ural State Agrarian University, Troitsk, RUSSIAN FEDERATION.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Muhammadiyah Palangkaraya, Palangka Raya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedical Engineering Study Program, Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Dengue Study Group, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Sofiatul Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viol Dhea Kharisma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dora Dayu Rahma Turista</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Badrut Tamam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vikash Jakhmola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dony Novaliendry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riso Sari Mandeli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budhi Oktavia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thoriq Albari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saddam Al Aziz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Raffi Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okta Suryani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Azhari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arya Ghifari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Purnamasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agariadne Dwinggo Samala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mirella Fonda Maahury</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ANM Ansori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahadian Zainul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Compounds from Purslane (Portulaca oleracea L.) and Star Anise (Illicium verum Hook) as SARS-CoV-2 Antiviral Agent via Dual Inhibitor Mechanism: In Silico Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Illicium verum Hook</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Portulaca oleracea L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SARS-CoV-2</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">352-357</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the COVID-19 pandemic that infects humans and attacks the body's immune system. The purpose of the study was to identify the potential of bioactive compounds in purslane (&lt;em&gt;Portulaca oleracea&lt;/em&gt; L.) and star anise (&lt;em&gt;Illicium verum&lt;/em&gt; Hook) via a dual inhibitor mechanism against SARS-CoV-2 proteases with an&lt;em&gt; in silico &lt;/em&gt;approach. The samples were obtained from PubChem and RSCB PDB. Antivirus probability prediction was performed on PASS Online. Virtual screening was performed with PyRx via molecular docking. Visualization was used by PyMol and Discovery Studio. Compounds with the best antiviral potential are indicated by the low binding affinity value to the target proteins, namely SARS-CoV-2 TMPRSS2 and PLpro. The results showed that purslane luteolin has the best antiviral potential. However, further studies are required to validate this computational prediction.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">352</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nur Sofiatul Aini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Viol Dhea Kharisma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Affan Ali Murtadlo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rasyadan Taufiq Probojati&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Dora Dayu Rahma Turista&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Badrut Tamam&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Vikash Jakhmola&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Dony Novaliendry&lt;sup&gt;8,9&lt;/sup&gt;, Riso Sari Mandeli&lt;sup&gt;8,10&lt;/sup&gt;, Budhi Oktavia&lt;sup&gt;8,11&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thoriq Albari&lt;sup&gt;8,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Saddam Al Aziz&lt;sup&gt;8,13&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Raffi Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;8,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Okta Suryani&lt;sup&gt;8,11&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri Azhari&lt;sup&gt;8,14&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arya Ghifari&lt;sup&gt;8,12&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi Purnamasari&lt;sup&gt;8,15,&lt;/sup&gt; Agariadne Dwinggo Samala&lt;sup&gt;8,16&lt;/sup&gt;, Mirella Fonda Maahury&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;, ANM Ansori&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahadian Zainul&lt;sup&gt;8,11,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, State University of Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Generasi Biologi Indonesia Foundation, Gresik, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Brawijaya University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Kadiri, Kediri, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Biology Education Department, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Universitas Muhammadiyah Lamongan, Lamongan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Advanced Material Processing, Artificial Intelligence, and Biophysics Informatics (CAMP-BIOTICS), Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Informatics, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;10&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Science, Postgraduate Programme, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;11&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;12&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Information Technology, Faculty of Computer Sciences, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;Department Mathematics Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;14&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agricultural Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Andalas University, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;15&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology Engineering, Universitas Awal Bros, Pekanbaru, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;16&lt;/sup&gt;Department Informatics and Computer Engineering Education, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;17&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Department, Faculty Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Pattimura, Ambon, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;18&lt;/sup&gt;Professor Nidom Foundation, Surabaya, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhuvaneshwari. J</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thirumalai Vasan. P</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio-Evaluation, In-Vitro and In-Vivo Anti-Inflammatory Activity, Therapeutic Efficacy, and Genotoxicity of the Potentials of the Green Seaweed Valoniopsis Pachynema using Zebra Fish Larvae (Danio Rerio) as an Animal Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine algae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">V. pachynema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zebra fish larvae drug toxicity.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1037-1053</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Advancement in the medical sectors to treat regular diseases are increasing day-by-day. Yet, there is a considerable growth in the demand for the natural/herbal products as well due to their low level of side effects, cost efficiency and their multiple inhibition properties. Based on this, the present research works with an objective to examine the bioactive components, &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anti-inflammatory and in vivo antiinflammatory behaviour of the green marine macro algae &lt;em&gt;Valoniopsis pachynema &lt;/em&gt;using zebra fish (Danio rerio) larvae as a skin inflammation model. In this study, the secondary metabolites are extracted using methanol solvent from the marine green seaweed, &lt;em&gt;V. pachynema&lt;/em&gt; using the Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis and these are further evaluated for their anti-inflammatory effects. Further screening process is accomplished for the&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;anti-inflammatory activity by the albumin-denaturation inhibition. Results from concentration-dependent analysis is documented. The efficacy, therapeutic efficacy, and genotoxicity of the compound Valp at various concentrations are determined by recapitulating the pathophysiology of Skin inflammation in Zebrafish larvae. In evaluating the efficiency of the study, Valp at 1 pg, 10 pg, 100 pg are observed and progressed for the evaluation of therapeutic efficacy and genotoxicity. In the assessment of genotoxicity, the gene expression of mgmt gene is observed to be in control level at Valp 100 pg treated group confirming no genotoxicity. According to the results obtained, the green seaweed&lt;em&gt; V. pachynema&lt;/em&gt; can be potentially explored as an effectual anti-inflammatory agent for its bio-functionalities&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1037</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bhuvaneshwari. J&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thirumalai Vasan. P&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar and adjunct faculty, Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Thiruvanaikovil, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor and Head, Department of Biotechnology, Srimad Andavan College of Arts and Science (Autonomous), Affiliated to Bharathidasan University, Thiruvanaikovil, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Neekhra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himani Awasthi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dharmchand Prasad Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beneficial Effects of Sambucus nigra in Chronic Stress-Induced Neurobehavioral and Biochemical Perturbation in Rodents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active avoidance response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cold immobilization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Footshock induced stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid profiles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sambucus nigra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sexual behaviour</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155-161</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Stress is the causative factor for various diseases and disorders faced by the majority of the diseased population. The leaves of &lt;em&gt;Sambucus nigra&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt;) are attributed to neuropharmacological properties as per literature. Considering the above, the &lt;em&gt;S. nigra &lt;/em&gt;hydroalcoholic extract was tested for adaptogenic activity in animals.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The study deals with the evaluation of &lt;em&gt;S. nigra &lt;/em&gt;hydroalcoholic extract for adaptogenic activity using cold immobilization and footshock induced stress. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The &lt;em&gt;S. nigra &lt;/em&gt;hydroalcoholic extract (200 and 400 mg/kg) was administered to treatment groups 1 hour before footshock for 14 consecutive days and cold immobilization stress for 10 consecutive days, respectively. The current work was carrying out to investigate the adaptogenic activity of&lt;em&gt; S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; against footshock stress induced perturbations in behaviour (sexual behaviour, depression, and cognitive dysfunction). Suppressed male sexual behaviour, percentage active avoidance response and duration of immobility in footshock stress were used as the stress indices. Additionally, liver function (SGOT, SGPT, and ALP), lipid profiles (TC, TG, HDL, LDL, and VLDL) and differential leukocytes counts (neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocyte, and monocyte) in cold immobilization stress were assessed in terms of stress indices. Diazepam (1 mg/kg) was served as the standard adaptogenic agent as per literature review for comparison.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All these chronic stress-induced perturbations were reversed, dose-dependently by &lt;em&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; (2000 and 400 mg/kg) and diazepam (1 mg/kg). The dose group 400 mg/kg p.o. of &lt;em&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; hydroalcoholic extract for adaptogenic activity in cold immobilization and footshock induced stress method showed significant variation (P&amp;lt; 0.1) when is compared with the stress control group.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;S. nigra&lt;/em&gt; hydroalcoholic extract showed significant adaptogenic activity was indicated by qualitatively results comparable to diazepam, against a range of biochemical and behavioural perturbations induced by chronic stress.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">155</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sachin Neekhra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Himani Awasthi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Dharmchand Prasad Singh&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institutes of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Near Malhaur Station, Gomati Nagar Extension, Lucknow (U.P.) – 226010, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy, SR Group of Institutions, Ambabai, Jhansi (U.P.) – 284002, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heba I Elkhouly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed A Hamed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmaa M El Hosainy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mosad A Ghareeb</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagwa M Sidkey</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Secondary Metabolite from Endophytic Aspergillus Tubenginses ASH4 Isolated from Hyoscyamus muticus: Antimicrobial, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant and Anticancer Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aspergillus tubenginses</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive secondary metabolite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endophytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyoscyamus muticus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">434-442</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Endophytes are the richest sources of natural compounds, showing biological varieties and pharmacological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to isolate bioactive secondary metabolites from endophytic &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus tubenginses &lt;/em&gt;with study the biological activity of the isolated bioactive compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Anofinic acid were obtained from &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus tubenginses &lt;/em&gt;crude extract using chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Nine endophytic fungi were isolated from Hyoscyamus muticus plant. The most efficient isolate was AF3 identified as &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus tubenginses&lt;/em&gt; ASH4 by 18S rRNA gene sequencing. Anofinic acid is an isolated active metabolite biosynthesized by A. tubenginsis was extracted from ethyl acetate with UPAC name of 2,2-dimethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-6-carboxylic acid. It shows a strong antimicrobial activity against human pathogenic bacteria such as &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt;. Moreover, anofinic acid inhibits biofilm formation and has antioxidant activity, with strong activity against some carcinoma cells such as HCT-116, Hep-G2 and MCF-7. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Anofinic acid was purified from the endophytic &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus tubenginses&lt;/em&gt; crude extract and showed antimicrobial, antibiofilm, antioxidant, anticancer activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">434</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Heba I. Elkhouly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmed A. Hamed&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Asmaa M. El Hosainy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mosad A. Ghareeb&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nagwa M. Sidkey&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Botany &amp;amp; Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University (Girls Branch), Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Microbial Chemistry Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Division, NRC, Dokki-Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Medicinal Chemistry Department, Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Kornaish El-Nile, Imbaba, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fify I Fathy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marawan M Shabana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoda A Mansour</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal M Sabry</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Botanical Profile and Phytochemical Evaluation of Leaf, Stem and Root of Egyptian Lycopersicon esculentum Miller</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lycopersicon esculentum Miller</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macro- and micromorphology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolics and flavonoids content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1019-1029</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Tomato plant (&lt;em&gt;Lycopersicon esculentum &lt;/em&gt;Miller, Family Solanaceae) is one of the most important vegetables worldwide for its edible fruit. Other plant organs (leaf, stem, and root) are discarded after harvesting. Reports showed that these worthless plant organs are rich untapped sources of biologically active constituents, which encourage us to do further investigation. However, lack of standardization for this plant represented a problem facing their use in medicine.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of the current work is to establish a botanical profile for the leaf, stem, and root, to perform a phytochemical investigation including estimation of the total phenolics and flavonoids content, as well as identification of isolated pure compounds from the highest yield organ. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples of each organ have been examined macroscopically and microscopically. A phytochemical investigation including successive extraction, estimation of the total phenolics and flavonoids content were carried out. The different fractions of the leaf, having the highest yield, were subjected to phytochemical investigation using successive columns of silica gel and sephadex. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Colorimetric estimation of the total phenolics and flavonoids content showed that the leaf has the highest values (84.29±1.50, 50.49±0.26) followed by the stem (50.94±0.33, 9.10±0.14) then the root (40.71±0.07, 1.32±0.01), respectively. Six known compounds namely: apo- &lt;em&gt;β&lt;/em&gt;-carotenol,&lt;em&gt; β&lt;/em&gt;-sitosterol from the n-hexane fraction, protocatechuic acid, stigmasterol 3-O-&lt;em&gt;β&lt;/em&gt;-D- glucoside from the ethyl acetate fraction, quercetin and rutin from the n-butanol fraction were isolated and their structure elucidation was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study could provide an authenticated data base for this Lycopersicon species.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1019</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fify I. Fathy, Marawan M. Shabana, Hoda A. Mansour, Manal M. Sabry*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, 11562, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titiek Sumarawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chodidjah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taufiqurrachman Nasihun</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Both Ethanol and Ethyl Acetate Curcuma Zedoaraia Extract was Capable of Inducing Cells Death in T47D Cell Line Culture</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetyl acetate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcuma zedoaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Necrosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D cell line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">737-743</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Curcuma zedoaria&lt;/em&gt; (CZ) has been proven capable of inducing apoptosis in cells cancer. CZ extraction can be performed by ethanol and acetyl acetate as solvent. However, which one of these extracts is superior remains unclear.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to investigate the difference potential effect of ethanol and acetyl CZ extract on apoptosis of T47D cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study 21 wells were assign into seven groups: control group (T47D); treatment groups consisting of group of ethanol CZ extract 46 (EtZ-46); group of ethanol CZ extract 23 (EtZ-23); group of ethanol CZ extract 11 (EtZ-11); and group of ethyl acetate CZ extract 111 (AcZ-111); group of ethyl acetate CZ extract 55 (AcZ-55); and group of ethyl acetate CZ extract 27 (AcZ-27). In T47D group only loaded with T47D cell line; in treatment groups aside from loaded with T47D cell line culture, also treated with ethanol or acetyl acetate CZ extract respectively. Concentration of T47D cell was 5 x 10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; T47D cells line in 100 μl suspension loaded on each well of 21 wells and kept in CO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; incubator overnight. The apoptosis cells were measured after 48 hours post CZ treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Post Hoc analysis indicated that the number of apoptosis cells in AcZ-111 was significant higher compared to that of other groups, p&amp;lt;0.05. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Acetyl acetate CZ extract treatment with dose 111 μg was capable of inducing apoptosis in T47D cell line superior than that of other groups including ethanol CZ extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">737</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Titiek Sumarawati&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Chodidjah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Taufiqurrachman Nasihun&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Central Java – 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Central Java – 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Sultan Agung Islamic University, Semarang, Central Java – 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P.B. Lalthanpuii</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kholhring Lalchhandama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beautyberry (Callicarpa arborea) as an Antiparasitic Agent Against Raillietina echinobothrida, an Intestinal Tapeworm</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Callicarpa arborea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanning electron microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tapeworm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tegument</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The beautyberry (&lt;em&gt;Callicarpa arborea&lt;/em&gt; Roxb.) is member of the family Lamiaceae and is native to Asia. It is used in different traditional medicines for the treatment of debilitating ailments including cancer, dermatitis, diabetes mellitus, gastritis, helminthiasis, and pyrexia. A couple of pentacyclic triterpenes and phytosterols have been reported from this plant. Objective: We aimed to investigate the antiparasitic potentials of &lt;em&gt;C. arborea &lt;/em&gt;bark extract. We used an intestinal tapeworm, &lt;em&gt;Raillietina echinobothrida&lt;/em&gt;, for its convenience in handling and established nature as a model helminth parasite. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract of the stem bark was prepared using methanol. Tapeworms were treated &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; with varying concentrations of the extract. Survival values were statistically analysed. Treated tapeworms were fixed and processed for scanning electron microscopy. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;C. arborea &lt;/em&gt;bark extract showed dose-dependent antiparasitic similar to that of albendazole. Scanning electron microscopy revealed damaging effects all over the body of the tapeworm. There was general shrinkage of the tegument on the scolex, neck region and strobila. Microtriches were completely removed throughout the tegument. Suckers and rostellum on the scolex were also deformed. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our data shows that &lt;em&gt;C. arborea&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;is a promising source of antiparasitic principles.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">66</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P.B. Lalthanpuii, Kholhring Lalchhandama* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl 796 001, Mizoram, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buavaroon Srichaikul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity and Extraction Method with Ultrasonication of Nelumbo nucifera Linn. Anti Aging Drinks</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flower extract drink</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nelumbo nucifera Linn.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultra sonication Extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1097-1103</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nelumbo nucifera&lt;/em&gt; Linn. Flowers health drinks currently are one of the popular demand globally in Thailand and all over the world. There are plenty of substandard or over claimed of antioxidant content labeled at health drink bottles. The consumers do not obtain enough health benefits anti-oxidant contents which are destroyed by heat during their production process. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the optimization of extraction including water, 40 % and 50% ethyl alcohol using maceration and ultra-sonication method to obtain the highest antioxidant activity compared with DPPH, FRAP and ABTS methods were investigated including total phenolic and flavonoid contents by HPLC in different period of time. The analysis of acute toxicity in white wistar rats by oral administrating of &lt;em&gt;Nelumbo nucifera&lt;/em&gt; Linn. flowers extract was testing for after 24 h and 14 d. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; It was found that &lt;em&gt;Nelumbo nucifera&lt;/em&gt; Linn. flower extract drink consisted of high contents of gallic acid, catechin and rutin by HPLC method.&lt;em&gt; Nelumbo nucifera&lt;/em&gt; Linn flowers Highest Total Phenolic compound in Nelumbo nucifera Linn. flower extracts with sonicating with 50% ethanol was 0.954639 ± 0.109672. Highest Total flavonoids in &lt;em&gt;Nelumbo nucifera&lt;/em&gt; Linn. flower extracts macerating in 50 % ethanol at day 5th was 1.100275 ± 0.777271.and the sonication with 40% ethanol was 0.394283+/- 0.51175. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The result of acute toxicity analysis showed no toxicity.&lt;em&gt; Nelumbo nucifera &lt;/em&gt;Linn. flower extract drinks which are safe as a health drink for consumers. The further market analysis with sensory test should be essential for further research.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1097</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Buavaroon Srichaikul* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taufiq MMJ</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darah I</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological Activity of Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae IBRL OS- 64 Extracts, an Endophytic Fungus Isolated from Medicinal Herb, Ocimum sanctum Against Foodborne Diarrhea-Caused Bacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foodborne disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum bactericidal concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum inhibitory concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanning electron microscope</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">897-904</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Foodborne disease is a serious public health problem worldwide and most of the disease is related to food spoilage by bacteria. Thus, there is a need for the discovery of a natural antibiotic to inhibit these foodborne bacteria. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Disk diffusion and broth microdilution assays were performed to access the antibacterial activity of the fungal extracts against test bacteria. Meanwhile, the scanning electron microscope (SEM) was employed to study the structural degeneration of bacterial cells exposed to the extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Lasiodiplodia pseudotheobromae&lt;/em&gt; IBRL OS- 64 demonstrated favorable antibacterial activity towards all test bacteria with inhibition zone ranged from 15.0 mm to 26.0 mm. All test bacteria were resistant to hexane and butanolic extracts. Minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of the ethyl acetate extract between 62.5 μg/mL to 500 μg/mL whereas minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) was in the range of 125 μg/mL to 2000 μg/mL. The SEM micrographs exhibited major abnormalities that occurred on the bacterial cells after exposure to the extract with alteration in their morphology and cell death beyond repair. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of &lt;em&gt;L. pseudotheobromae&lt;/em&gt; IBRL OS-64 may be an effective antibacterial agent to treat foodborne bacteria.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">897</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Taufiq MMJ*, Darah I&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selvaraj Jayaraman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poonguzhali Sivagnanam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Divya Ravikumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumetha Suga Deiva Suga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kavin Mozhi James</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapaneni Krishna Mohan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black Horehound (Ballota nigra Linn) Induces Apoptosis in Prostate Cancer Cells (PC-3) Through Intrinsic Signalling Cascade</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ballota nigra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intrinsic pathway</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PC3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prostate cancer</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1377-1382</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer among men. The disease varies widely in its clinical aggressiveness.&lt;em&gt; Ballota nigra &lt;/em&gt;Linn (Black horehound) is a three-foot, perennial herb of the family Lamiaceae and it has been shown to have various pharmacological properties such as antioxidant, hypoglycemic, neuro-sedative, antibacterial, insecticidal and anticholinesterase activities. However, the elucidation of &lt;em&gt;B.nigra&lt;/em&gt; for its anticancer activity in prostate cancer has not been studied so far. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;Prostate cancer PC3 cells were treated with different concentrations of &lt;em&gt;B.nigra&lt;/em&gt; (50, 100, 200 &amp;amp; 400μg/ml) for the analysis of Bcl-2, Phosphorylation of Bcl2 (p-Bcl2) and tumor suppressor protein p53, Case pase-3 and caspase-9 in PC3 cells. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;B.nigra&lt;/em&gt; ethanolic leaf extract reduced the levels of anti apoptotic proteins (Bcl-2, p-Bcl2) and increased the level of tumor suppressor protein p53, caspase-3 and 9 significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Results of the study show that &lt;em&gt;B.nigra&lt;/em&gt; has potential anticancer activity by modulating intrinsic activity of apoptotic signaling in PC-3 cells. Thus, &lt;em&gt;B.nigra &lt;/em&gt;may have a potential therapeutic option for the treatment of prostate cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1377</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Selvaraj Jayaraman&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ponnulakshmi Rajagopal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Poonguzhali Sivagnanam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Divya Ravikumar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Sumetha Suga Deiva Suga&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Kavin Mozhi James&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapaneni Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai - 600 077, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Central Research Laboratory, Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), West K. K. Nagar, Chennai-600 078, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Surgical Nursing, Panimalar College of Nursing, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai - 600 123, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Panimalar Medical College Hospital &amp;amp; Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai - 600 123, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Panimalar Medical College Hospital &amp;amp; Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai - 600 123, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Panimalar Medical College Hospital &amp;amp; Research Institute, Varadharajapuram, Poonamallee, Chennai - 600 123, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dewita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahrul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taufik Hidayat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mery Sukmiwati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blending of Chorella Patin And Microalga Fish Oil as an Associated Chorella as Potential Health Food</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catfish oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chorella</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health food supplements</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1346-1350</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The use of health food supplements based on functional food components at this time has become a necessity for the community to maintain their health at optimum level. Functional food from fishery products is a food that is considered effective, because in addition to alternative food sources, the nutritional content is very good for health. This study aimed to produce high nutritional health food supplements from raw materials of &lt;em&gt;Chorella&lt;/em&gt; enriched with catfish oil. The method used in making high nutritional health food supplements is a microencapsulation experimental method with different formulations. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The experiment used organoleptic test, chemical component test with amino acids (HPLC) and Fatty acids (GC). &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the best formulations based on the profiles of amino acids, fatty acids and standard AAE per day, especially oleic and linoleic essential fatty acids were B formulations (2% &lt;em&gt;Chorella&lt;/em&gt;, and 1% fish oil.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The formulations B from the sample conducted in this research was the best formulations based on protein content, fat, essential amino acid profiles and essential fatty acids.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1346</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dewita&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Syahrul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Taufik Hidayat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mery Sukmiwati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Aquatic Product Technology Faculty Fisheries and Marine Science, University of Riau, INDONESIA.&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Agroindustry Technology, Agency of Assessment and Aplication of Technology, Puspiptek Serpong, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madathilparambil Vasu Sudhakaran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanical Pharmacognosy of Bacopa monnieri (Linn.) Pennell</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aerenchyma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisocytic stomata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calcium oxalate crystals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plantaginaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal index</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1559-1572</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backgound: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;B. monnieri &lt;/em&gt;(Linn.) Pennell &lt;em&gt;is a&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;slender, creeping and mat forming herb&lt;/em&gt; well adapted to grow in both terrestrial and submersed conditions. It is an important medicinal plant belongs to the family Plantaginaceae and espoused as a source for the Ayurvedic drug brahmi. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aims to delineate the morphological and histomorpho diagnostic profile of the stem, root and leaves of brahmi and analyze their qualitative and quantitative anatomical peculiarities to support the pharmacobotanical characterizations using digital, stereo and polarized microscopic techniques. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Cross section of lamina had shown a homogeneous mesophyll fails to differentiate into palisade and spongy tissues. Lamina was amphistomatic which contained three different types of stomatal complexes vz., diacytic, anisocytic and anomoteracytic. The mean number of stoma per square millimeter of leaf area was found to be higher in adaxial surface (656.9/mm2) than abaxial (433.3/mm2) with a corresponding stomatal index of 15.2 and 9.4 respectively. Adventitious root in cross section gave ‘spokes in a wheel’ appearance and shoot cortex architecture had shown honey-comb pattern of aerenchyma chambers. Vascular bundles were many, conjoint and closed, where a centra solid core of xylem encircled by phloem. Crystal ideoblasts of calcium oxalate were observed in characteristic tissues of epidermis of the leaves, mesophyll, cortical tissues of stem, and intervening walls of the file of cells of diaphragms in stem and adventitious roots. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The above delineated anatomical characteristics in conjunction with aerenchyma in root and shoot tissues as an effective water tolerance mechanism to thrive prolonged submergence in water logged conditions could provide valuable tags as useful markers for pharmacological identification of the taxon.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madathilparambil Vasu Sudhakaran* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;UGC-Academic Staff College, University of Calicut, Malappuram 673 635, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Sunand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahipal Yellow</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Naveen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yasho Deepika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">G Krishna Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasudha Bakshi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel Leaf Extract Amends Dehydroepiandrosterone Induced PCOS Related Hormonal Abnormality and Histopathological Alterations in Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-androgenic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betel Leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clomiphene citrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DHEA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCOS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1442-1448</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;PCOS is a hormonal disorder with missed or irregular periods at the reproductive ages of women, which was mainly due to increased androgen levels. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antiandrogen activity of EEBL (ethanolic extract of betel leaf) in DHEA induced PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) and improving ovulation rate, consequently its effects on hormonal and biochemical profile of the blood serum and Histopathology of the ovary. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Divide the 30 immature (4-week-old) female Sprague Dawley rats into 5 groups. Four groups except the control group were injected each morning with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (6 mg/100 g body weight/0.2 ml sesame oil) for 20days. The control group was injected with 0.2ml sesame oil for 20days. Pretreatment completed after 21&lt;sup&gt;st &lt;/sup&gt;day then animals are subjected to posttreatment with EEBL (LD-100, HD-200mg/kg, p.o) and CC (100 μg/kg, p.o) from 21 to 41 days. After the treatment animals are subjected to biochemical, hormonal and histopathological examinations. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In negative control group SOD, Catalase were decreased. Total protein, SGOT, SGPT, TG, LDL and cholesterol levels were increased than the control group. Hormones LH and Testosterone levels increased. FSH, estradiol, and progesterone levels were decreased when compared with the control group. Histopathology has revealed that the presence of cysts in the negative control group and recovery of cysts seen in treatment groups.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Treatment with EEBL is effectively attenuated to the DHEA induced PCOS and it is significant in comparison results with clomiphene citrate attributing its therapeutic potential towards the treatment of PCOS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1442</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;K Sunand&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahipal Yellow&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, P Naveen&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yasho Deepika&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, G Krishna Mohan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Vasudha Bakshi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Student, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty, Centre for Neuroscience, Dept. of Pharmacology, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute of Science &amp;amp; Technology (IST), JNTUH, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Dean, Centre for Neuroscience, School of Pharmacy, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayanthi D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Paul A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thamizhseran N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical Changes During Flowering of Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flower development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water calyces</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">842-847</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backround:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt; P. Beauv., exhibits a phenomenal structure often referred to as water calyces from within which the entire floral whorls presumed to be developing. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was an attempt on the exceptional development of corolla under the influence of the bathing fluid of water calyces in &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Three different developmental stages of flower buds were used for anatomical, physiological (PWC, RWC and ᴪW) and biochemical studies (reducing sugars, amino acids, proteins, phenols, IAA and amylase activity) using standard methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Biochemical composition was found to be directly influencing the unique pattern of floral ontogeny. The exponential expansion of the corolla was found to be corresponding with significant increase in IAA concentration. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The bathing fluid with its contents viz., sugars, amino acids, proteins, IAA and phenols seems to play a pivotal role in the development, nourishing and protecting the inner whorls of the flower buds. Anatomical studies also support the idea that the biochemical changes, especially the quantity of sugars and IAA could be the reason for the exponential expansion of the petals.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">842</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Jayanthi D&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Martin Paul A&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thamizhseran N&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, R and D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641046, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Bengaluru – 560027, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martin Paul. A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jayanthi. D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thamizhseran. N</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio-Physicochemical Studies on Water Calyx Fluid in the African Tulip Tree, Spathodea campanulata P. Beauv.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Water calyx fluid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeta potential</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">594-599</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Flowers of &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt; P. Beauv. development is unique as inner whorls develop immersed in a fluid called water calyces. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study is an investigation into the biochemical composition and physicochemical properties of water calyx fluid from &lt;em&gt;Spathodea campanulata&lt;/em&gt; P. Beauv. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Fluid composition of small, medium and large stages of S. campanulata flower buds were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively for biomolecules &lt;em&gt;viz&lt;/em&gt;., reducing sugars, total free amino acids, proteins, phenols and Indole- 3-Acetic Acid (IAA). Physiochemical analyses were done using particle size analyzer. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Reducing sugars, total free amino acids, proteins and IAA were present in appreciable amounts whereas total phenol content was low and the content of biomolecules were significant between groups and within the groups. The water calyx fluid is highly stable and absolute necessity for the floral development. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The concentrations of all the analyzed biomolecules were found to be decreasing with bud maturity. The contents of water calyx fluid is obligatory for the development of floral whorls.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">594</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Martin Paul A&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Jayanthi D&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Thamizhseran N&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, R and D Centre, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore–641 046, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Botany, St. Joseph’s College (Autonomous), Bengaluru–560 027, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juarez Henrique Ferreira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael Martinez Garcia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fariza Abrão</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yadira Arnet Fernandez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regina Helena Pires</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bactericidal Kinetics and Antibiofilm Efficacy of Pimarane-Type Diterpenes from Viguiera arenaria Against Cariogenic Bacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bactericidal kinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanning electron microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus mutans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viguiera arenaria</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/503</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">429-434</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Dental caries is an infectious disease related to biofilm formation. Among the microorganisms presents in the oral microbiota, &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus mutans&lt;/em&gt; can form biofilm on the tooth surface in the presence of dietary carbohydrates. This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal kinetics and antibiofilm efficacy of ent-pimara-8(14),15-dien-19-oic acid (compound 1) and ent-8(14),15-pimaradien-3&amp;beta;-ol (compound 2) obtained from &lt;em&gt;Viguiera arenaria &lt;/em&gt;against oral pathogens; this study also aimed to determine the effect of these compounds on the morphology and architecture of the &lt;em&gt;S. mutans&lt;/em&gt; biofilm by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The bactericidal kinetics revealed different results depending on the tested bacteria. Compound 1 eliminated the viable bacteria within 24 hs of incubation. In the antibiofilm assay, compound 1 displayed promising results against S. mitis (ATCC 49456 and clinical isolate) and &lt;em&gt;L. casei&lt;/em&gt; (clinical isolate), whereas compound 2 was not active at the evaluated concentrations. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Compound 1 is an important metabolite in the search for new antibacterial agents against cariogenic bacteria both in the sessile and planktonic modes. The SEM image of &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus mutans&lt;/em&gt; in the presence of compound 1 suggested that this metabolite acts by disrupting the bacterial membrane disrupting the bacterial membrane and/or cell wall and causing microrganism death.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">429</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Juarez Henrique Ferreira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Martinez Garcia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fariza Abr&amp;atilde;o&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yadira Arnet Fernandez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Regina Helena Pires&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, S&amp;eacute;rgio Ricardo Ambr&amp;oacute;sio&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Laboratory of Applied Microbiology, University of Franca, Franca, SP, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nucleus of Research in Sciences and Technology, University of Franca, Franca, SP, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunita Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonam Meena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio-activity in Flowers of Sarcostemma viminale (L.) R.Br.- An Endangered Medicinal Plant from Thar Desert of Rajasthan (India)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asclepiadeaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chloroform</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hexatriacontane</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retention time (RT)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarcostemma viminale (L.) R.Br.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">871-874</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sarcostemma viminale&lt;/em&gt; (L.) R.Br. (Asclepiadaceae), an endangered medicinal plant distributed in various habitats in semi-arid region of Thar Desert of Rajasthan. Present study is focused on the extraction of bioactive compounds from the flowers of this plant by Gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) using Methanol and chloroform as solvents. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Flowers were collected from hilly and stony regions from xeric and harsh conditions of Indian Thar Desert of Rajasthan, during the month of July-September. The phytochemical compounds were investigated using Perkin-Elmer gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract were matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology library. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Maximum % area is found for 24-Norursa-3, 12-diene is present in maximum amount (26.25%) with retention time (RT) =39.441 min, followed by Tetracontane (20.68%) with RT=30.275min in the methanolic extract. Lup-20(29)-en-3-ol, acetate, (3.beta.)- is present in maximum amount (35.70%) with retention time (RT) =38.569 min, followed by Tetracontane (15.24%) with RT=29.678 min in the chloroform extract of flowers of &lt;em&gt;Sarcostemma viminale&lt;/em&gt; (L.) R.Br. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Flowers of &lt;em&gt;Sarcostemma viminale&lt;/em&gt; (L.) R.Br. shows important pinpoint pharmacological activity. These bio-active constituents can be used by pharmaceutical or other drug designing industry to find a novel drug and pharmacologically active constituents justifying the use of this plant to treat many ailments.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">871</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sunita Arora&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;Sonam Meena&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Department of Botany, Jai Narain Vyas University, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hayat Mohammad Mukhtar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amandeep Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hardeep Kaur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioassay Guided Fractionation and in vitro Anti-plasmodial Activity of Ficus deltoidea and Ficus benjamina</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioassay guided fractionation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ficus deltoidea Ficus benjamina</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schizont maturation inhibition assay</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/471</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235-240</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Malaria is infectious vector born disease affecting 212 million people belonging to 97 countries globally in the year 2016. Although this number has reduced progressively from last one decade but recent failure of currently available antimalarial drug therapy has accentuated the urgent need to explore different novel approaches in &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; drug discovery. Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; activity of traditional medicinal plants &lt;em&gt;Ficus deltoidea and Ficus benjamina&lt;/em&gt;. Materials and Methods: Crude petroleum ether and hydro alcoholic extract of both the plant species were evaluated for &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; activity by schizont maturation inhibition assay using 3D7 &lt;em&gt;plasmodium&lt;/em&gt; strains. Results: It was observed that petroleum ether extract of &lt;em&gt;F. benjamina &lt;/em&gt;leaves showed most promising inhibitory effect on the growth of schizonts with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 14.5 &amp;mu;g/ml. Bio-assay guided fractionation of petroleum ether extract of &lt;em&gt;F. benjamina&lt;/em&gt; led to the hexane and chloroform fraction with high &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 4.0 &amp;mu;g/ml and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 7.8 &amp;mu;g/ml respectively). Further, phytochemical investigation of &lt;em&gt;F. benjamina&lt;/em&gt; indicated the presence of various valuable phytochemicals belonging to class of steroids, terpenoids and phytosterols. Conclusion: This study has revealed the &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; activity of F. deltoidea and &lt;em&gt;F. benjamina&lt;/em&gt; for the first time. Significant &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; activity and preliminary phytochemical studies of &lt;em&gt;F. benjamina&lt;/em&gt; indicates its rich chemical diversity which make this plant a good candidate for isolating new molecule that could serve as new lead in &lt;em&gt;Anti-plasmodial&lt;/em&gt; drug discovery.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">235</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hayat Mohammad Mukhtar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amandeep Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hardeep Kaur&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;S.B.S. College of Pharmacy, Patti, Tarn Taran, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IKG Punjab Technical University, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;PG Department of Chemistry, Khalsa College Amritsar, Punjab, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulrahman Alsayari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Ghazwani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalia Almaghaslah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Alhamhoom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Saad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rawan Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wafa Saeed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wijden Ali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sadia Batool</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombax ceiba: A Potential Anti-Anxiety Drug</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bombax ceiba leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diazepam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated Plus Maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/656</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">712-714</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba &lt;/em&gt;is a famous plant used extensively in traditional medicine for various diseases. However, data pertaining to its effects at CNS level is limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the anti-anxiety potential of ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba&lt;/em&gt; leaves on rats using the elevated plus maze protocol. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Five groups containing six rats each were treated with respective drugs.Control rats were treated with 0.5ml of 10% ethanol i.p. (negative control). Single treatments of diazepam (2mg/kg i.p) were used as a positive control and varied levels of ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba&lt;/em&gt; leaves (150 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, i.p.) were applied to other groups. The index of anxiety was measured by observing the entry and time duration in the open arm of the EPM. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Extract at 400 mg/kg significantly increased the time duration and number of entries into the open arm which was statistically significant (p value &amp;lt;0.05) when compared to the control group (ethanol). Diazepam showed the most significant results when compared to other groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.0005). Extracts at 150 mg/kg and 250 mg/kg demonstrated negligible results that were statistically insignificant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results indicate the anti-anxiety potential of &lt;em&gt;Bombax ceiba&lt;/em&gt; leaves at higher concentration. Further studies are required to analyze the implicated phytochemicals and the mechanism at cellular level.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">712</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdulrahman Alsayari, Mohammed Ghazwani, Dalia Almaghaslah, Yahya Alhamhoom, Maha Saad, Rawan Ahmed, Wafa Saeed, Wijden Ali, Sadia Batool&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, KINGDOM OF SAUDIA ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sujithra Ram Manohar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vimala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priyalatha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raiby Paul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Brief Review of Synonyms and Properties of Gudūcī (Tinospora cordifolia (Thunb.) Miers) from Selected Nighantus (Ayurvedic Drug Lexicons)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurveda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guduci</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nighantus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Properties</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synonyms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tinopsora cordifolia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s9-s13</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The use of Herbal medicines are continuously on the rise as they are known to be very efficient without causing much undesired effects. Herbs are the main source for Traditional Chinese Medicine and Persian and extensive literature and scientific research is being done in this aspect. Ethnobotanical studies are being conducted in specific areas to understand and analyse the relative priority, agreement percentage and the use value. Phytochemical and Pharmacological Tests are also carried out to substantiate the use.&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Plant toxins and plant poisoning have been reported in children.&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Unfortunately, though herbs are generally considered to be safe, it does contain chemical constituents that can be helpful or harmful when consumed individually or in combination with other herbs or drugs. For more and more scientific studies to come up, the basic literature review has to be done.&lt;em&gt; Ayurveda&lt;/em&gt; is an Ancient System of Medicine practiced in India since centuries. The practice is based on Classical Ayurvedic Texts and the &lt;em&gt;Nighantus&lt;/em&gt; that came in the later period. In this article, Guduci- Tinospora cordifolia (Tco) - a commonly used plant in &lt;em&gt;Ayurveda&lt;/em&gt; that holds a great medicinal value.&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; has been chosen and the review of the Synonyms and Properties of this plant mentioned in selected &lt;em&gt;Nighantus&lt;/em&gt; has been done. The different properties of the plant like anti hyperglycemic action, antioxidant, hepato-protective activity, etc have already been researched and proven.&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; Retrospectively, here a comparative analysis of synonyms and properties of Tco as mentioned in the &lt;em&gt;Nighantu&amp;rsquo;s&lt;/em&gt; from the Ayurvedic Point of view has been done.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s9</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sujithra Ram Manohar&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Vimala, Priyalatha, Raiby Paul, Priya S&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Department of Dravya Guna (Ayurvedic Pharmacology), Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivadasan Deepa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitchiah Venkateshwaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nambali Valsalan Vinithkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramalingam Kirubagaran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Propensity of Macroalgae from the Andaman &amp; Nicobar Islands</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiofilm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifouling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine Macro Algae.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/180</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">815-820</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; Marine macroalgae are the rich source of biologically active metabolites and potential source for development of novel biotechnological products. The present study was made to explore the metabolically active compounds from the macroalgae of the Andaman &amp;amp; Nicobar Islands. Methods and &lt;strong&gt;Material:&lt;/strong&gt; Different solvents such as methanol (MeOH), ethyl acetate (EtoAc), butanol (BuOH) and aqueous (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O) extracts of nine macroalgae were tested for antimicrobial, antibiofilm and cytotoxicity (brine shrimp larvae).&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Out of the 36 extracts 27 extracts showed antimicrobial activity against the human pathogens and 14 extracts revealed antibiofilm activities. The three EtoAc extracts of &lt;em&gt;Sargassum ilicifolium&lt;/em&gt;, MeOH extract of Sargassum sp. and MeOH extract of &lt;em&gt;Padina tetrastromatica&lt;/em&gt; showed inhibition against 8 pathogenic bacteria. Also, aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Padina tetrastromatica&lt;/em&gt; (71.82 %) and BuOH extract of &lt;em&gt;Dictyosphaeria cavernosa&lt;/em&gt; (71.58 %) exhibited higher antibiofilm nature. The highest cytotoxic effect was exhibited by species &lt;em&gt;Actinotrichia fragilis&lt;/em&gt; and all its four extracts significantly (P&amp;lt;0.01) inhibited the brine shrimp larvae, among this aqueous extract showed the lowest LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value, 31.7 &amp;mu;g/ml, followed by EtoAc extract, 89.33 &amp;mu;g/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It was observed that different species have different kind of bioactive nature.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">815</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sivadasan Deepa&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; Pitchiah Venkateshwaran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nambali Valsalan Vinithkumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramalingam Kirubagaran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Andaman and Nicobar Centre for Ocean Science and Technology, Earth System Sciences Organizations- National Institute of Ocean Technology (ESSO-NIOT), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Port Blair 744 103, Andaman &amp;amp; Nicobar Islands, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Earth System Sciences Organizations- National Institute of Ocean Technology (ESSO-NIOT), Ministry of Earth Sciences, Government of India, Chennai 600 100, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabeena Hussain Syed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Gajanan Namdeo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanical Features for Taxonomic Evidence of Erythroxylum monogynum Dried Leaf</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paracytic stomata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vascular</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.67</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395-399</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Erythroxylum monogynum&lt;/em&gt; belonging to family Erythroxylaceae is commonly found in southern parts of India. Traditionally, leaves of the plant possess high medicinal value and known for the treatment of diabetes, jaundice and to kill intestinal worms, which are scientifically reported. However, no elaborative pharmacognostic study of leaves has been performed yet. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To pharmacognostically standardize the leaves by studying anatomical characters of transversal section and powdered leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaf samples were studied by macroscopy, microscopy, physicochemical and preliminary phytochemical analysis as recommended by WHO. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Externally the leaves are elliptic - lanceolate, alternate, base attenuate, apex obtuse and entire margin. Internally it shows the presence of paracytic stomata confined to lower epidermis, conjoint, collateral arc shaped vascular bundles encircled by sclerenchyma, lignified fibers and xylem vessels with spiral thickening. Powder microscopy revealed the presence of epidermis with papillae, phytochemical and physicochemical of powdered drug proved useful to differentiate the powdered drug material. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The establishment of botanical features of leaf material will be useful in identification and standardization of &lt;em&gt;Erythroxylum monogyum&lt;/em&gt; in obtaining quality formulations.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sabeena Hussain Syed, Ajay Gajanan Namdeo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Poona College of Pharmacy, Pune- 411038, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madathilparambil Vasu Sudhakaran</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanical Pharmacognosy of Centella asiatica (Linn.)Urban</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Animocytic stomata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">arenchyma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">calcium oxalate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crystal idioblasts.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">periphloematic sclereids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.88</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">546-558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Centella asiatica&lt;/em&gt; (Linn.) Urban is an important medicinal plant with rejuvenate properties, used in Ayurveda for promoting vitality and life. The plant is often considered as a &amp;lsquo;panacea&amp;rsquo; for several human ailments and the biological actions often has been ascribed to its pentacyclic triterpene compounds, mainly asiatic acid, madecassic acid and triterpene saponin-asiaticoside, madecassoside. The plant is also highly specialized for the richness of several micronutrients, iron, phosphorus, sodium, vitamin C, vitamin A, carotene and dietary fibers. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was performed with the objectives of elaborating the macroscopic and histo-morpho diagnostic profile of &lt;em&gt;Centella asiatica&lt;/em&gt; and to analyze the quantitative, and powder microscopic peculiarities to support its pharmacognostic characterization. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Microscopic evaluation, quantitative standards and powder microscopy were carried out using the root, stolon, petiole and leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Distribution of slightly lobed leaf margin with actinodromous major venation pattern, amphistomatic epidermis with animocytic stomata, distinctive contour of the midrib and petiole, occurrence of crystals in the idioblasts of the cortical parenchyma of root, stem, stolon, palisade and mesophyll. Vascular system with several free collateral bundles in the stem were features characteristic of the species. These findings in conjunction with reduction in lignified elements, arenchyma lacunae, sclerenchymatous netting in root, periphloematic sclereids in petiole, and stolon could be remarkable features diagnostic of the taxon. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present macroscopic and histo-anatomical observations of stem, root, stolon, petiole and leaves of &lt;em&gt;Centella asiatica&lt;/em&gt; and powder microscopic, quantitative standards put forth could provide useful information for the regulatory aspects of the quality control measures of the crude drugs.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">546</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madathilparambil Vasu Sudhakaran&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Associate Professor UGC- Academic Staff College University of Calicut Calicut University P.O, Malappuram, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudhakaran Madathilparambil Vasu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Botanical Pharmacognosy of Holostemma ada-kodien Schult</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisocytic stomata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">compound starch grains</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">druses crystals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gelatinous fibres</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">stone cells</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/294</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">163-170</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Holostemma ada-kodien&lt;/em&gt; Schult. is a perennial, twinning, laticiferous climbing herb belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae. It is an important medicinal plant with rejuvenate properties, used in Ayurveda for promoting vitality and life. The roots are sweet, ophthalmic, emollient, aphrodisiac, expectorant and galactagogue. It is highly specialized for the richness of a diverse array of aminoacids such as alanine, aspartic acid, glycine, serine, thereonine, valine, and terpenoid sugars. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was performed with the objectives of elaborating the macroscopic and histo-morpho diagnostic profile of &lt;em&gt;Holostemma ada-kodien&lt;/em&gt; and analyse the quantitative, and powder microscopic peculiarities to support its pharmacognostic characterization. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; microscopic evaluation, quantitative standards and powder microscopy were carried out using the stem, root tuber, root and leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Distribution of uniseriate, tricellular clothing trichomes in the epidermal tissues of the midrib, entire leaf margin with campylodromous major venation pattern, amphistomatic epidermis with anisocytic stomata, dorsiventral differentiation of mesophyll, small palisade ratio, small stomatal index, and the vascular system with several free collateral bundles in the petiole were features characteristic of the species. Gelatinous fibers distributed as concentric &amp;lsquo;white rings&amp;rsquo; in the cortical tissues of the stem as distinct groups, deposition of druses crystals of calcium oxalate in the epidermal tissues of the lamina, ground tissues of petiole, cortical tissues of stem, root, root tubers and parenchymatous pith of the stem. Secondary xylem appeared fissured as radial and tangential strips, like the spokes of a wheel in cross section of the root tuber. Xylem core seemed irregular and wedge shaped in the mature root, with more axial and radial parenchyma and less xylem fibers also features characteristic of the taxon.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1463</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sudhakaran Madathilparambil Vasu* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;UGC Academic Staff College, University of Calicut, Calicut University PO, Malappuram -673635, Kerala, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mitchell Henry Wright</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph Sirdaarta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alan White</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthony Carlson Greene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian Edwin Cock</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacillus anthracis growth Inhibitory Properties of Australian Terminalia spp.: Putative Identification of low Polarity Volatile Components by GC-MS Headspace Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthrax</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combretaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolomic profiling.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Native almond</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia carpentariae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia grandiflora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wild peach</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">281-290</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Anthrax is a severe acute disease caused by &lt;em&gt;Bacillus anthracis&lt;/em&gt; infections. If untreated, it often results in mortality. Many &lt;em&gt;Terminalia &lt;/em&gt;spp. have documented therapeutic properties as general antiseptics, inhibiting the growth of a wide variety of bacterial species. This study examines the ability of selected Australian &lt;em&gt;Terminalia&lt;/em&gt; spp. extracts to inhibit &lt;em&gt;B. anthracis &lt;/em&gt;growth. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;Solvent extracts were prepared from &lt;em&gt;Terminalia carpentariae&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Terminalia grandiflora &lt;/em&gt;plant material and investigated by disc diffusion assay for the ability to inhibit the growth of an environmental strain of &lt;em&gt;B. anthracis&lt;/em&gt;. Their MIC values were determined to quantify and compare their efficacies. Toxicity was determined using the &lt;em&gt;Artemia franciscana&lt;/em&gt; nauplii bioassay. The most potent extracts were analysed by GC-MS headspace analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;T. carpentariae&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; T. grandiflora &lt;/em&gt;leaf, fruit and nut solvent extractions displayed good growth inhibitory activity against &lt;em&gt;B. anthracis&lt;/em&gt;. Methanolic &lt;em&gt;T. Carpentariae &lt;/em&gt;leaf and &lt;em&gt;T. grandiflora&lt;/em&gt; nut extracts were particularly potent growth inhibitors, with MIC values of 74 and 155 &amp;micro;g/mL respectively. The &lt;em&gt;T. carpentariae&lt;/em&gt; leaf ethyl acetate extract was also a good inhibitor of &lt;em&gt;B. anthracis&lt;/em&gt; growth (MIC 340 &amp;micro;g/mL). All other extracts were substantially less potent growth inhibitors. Interestingly, the&lt;em&gt; T. Carpentariae &lt;/em&gt;leaf extracts with growth inhibitory activity were nontoxic in the &lt;em&gt;Artemia fransiscana&lt;/em&gt; bioassay, with LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values &amp;gt;1000 &amp;micro;g/mL. In contrast, the LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value 740 &amp;micro;g/mL reported for the methanolic &lt;em&gt;T. grandiflora &lt;/em&gt;nut extract indicates low-moderate toxicity. Non-biased GC-MS phytochemical analysis of the most active extracts (methanolic &lt;em&gt;T. carpentariae&lt;/em&gt; leaf and &lt;em&gt;T. grandiflora&lt;/em&gt; nut) putatively identified and highlighted several compounds that may contribute to the ability of these extracts to inhibit the growth of &lt;em&gt;B. anthracis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The growth inhibitory activity of the methanolic &lt;em&gt;T. Carpentariae &lt;/em&gt;leaf and &lt;em&gt;T. grandiflora &lt;/em&gt;nutextracts against &lt;em&gt;B&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;anthracis&lt;/em&gt; indicates their potential for the treatment and prevention of anthrax. Furthermore, thelack toxicity of the &lt;em&gt;T. Carpentariae &lt;/em&gt;leaf and the low-moderate toxicity of the &lt;em&gt;T. grandiflora &lt;/em&gt;nut extract, indicates that their use may extend to all forms of the disease (cutaneous, inhalation or gastrointestinal).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">281</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mitchell Henry Wright&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Joseph Sirdaarta&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alan White&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anthony Carlson Greene&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ian Edwin Cock&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Franelyne P. Casuga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agnes L. Castillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mary Jho-Anne T. Corpuz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Compounds and Cytotoxicity of Ethyl Acetate Extract From Broussonetia luzonica (Moraceae) Blanco Leaves against Hepatocellular Carcinoma (Hepg2) Cell Lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">497-501</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Broussonetia luzonica&lt;/em&gt; (Moraceae) Blanco is an edible and endemic plant in the Philippines. Other species of the plant are used traditionally in Chinese medicine to treat impotency and eye disorders and was proven to have anticancer potential. To date, there are no published scientific evidences yet to prove the cytotoxicity against hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines (HepG2) of &lt;em&gt;B. luzonica&lt;/em&gt;. Furthermore, the bioactive compounds of the ethyl acetate leaf extract were determined. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Bioactive compounds were determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). To determine the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;, the percentage Hepg2 Cell inhibition of the extract at 200 &amp;mu;g/mL, 100 &amp;mu;g/mL, 50 &amp;mu;g/Ml, 25 &amp;mu;g/mL And 12.5 &amp;mu;g/ mL concentrations against (HepG2) was evaluated using 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol- 2yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) Assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; GC-MS revealed the top three major bioactive compounds of ethyl acetate leaf extract based on quantity (%). These are 1,2,3-propanetriol, monoacetate (21.21%), phytol (20.28%) and squalene (6.85%). MTT assay showed that ethyl acetate extract at different concentrations exhibited marked inhibition of the HepG2. The concentration of the extracts that will inhibit 50% of the cancer cell lines (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) was also determined. The assay revealed that compared to positive control (doxorubicin) with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 5.068 &amp;mu;g/mL, Ethyl Acetate Extract statistically exhibited greater cytotoxic effect against HepG2 Cell Lines With IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 1.118 &amp;mu;g/mL (P=0.001). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The presence of several bioactive compounds in ethyl acetate extract from the leaves of&lt;em&gt; B. luzonica&lt;/em&gt; confirms the importance of the plant in treatment of diseases. Furthermore, the extract manifested more potent cytotoxic activity than the positive control, indicating promising chemotherapeutic potential of the plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">497</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Franelyne P. Casuga&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Agnes L. Castillo&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mary Jho-Anne T. Corpuz&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School, University Of Santo Tomas, Espańa, Manila, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty Of Pharmacy, University Santo Tomas, Espańa , Manila, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center For Natural And Applied Sciences, University Of Santo Tomas, Espańa, Manila, PHILIPPINES&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El-Sayed M. El-Ghaly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Usama Shaheen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ehab Ragab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atef Ahmed El-hila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Raafat Abd-Allah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Constituents of Pulicaria jaubertii: A promising Antihypertensive Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Monoterpene glucoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulicaria jaubertii</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-86</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical investigation and evaluation of antihypertensive activity of the alcoholic extract of &lt;em&gt;Pulicaria jaubertii&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were chromatographed on silica gel and sephadex LH 20 to afford six compounds. Their structures were elucidated on the bases of extensive NMR (&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;H, &lt;sup&gt;13&lt;/sup&gt;C, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, NOESY) and MS analysis. The antihypertensive activity of the alcoholic extract was evaluated against L-NAME&amp;ndash;induced hypertensive rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; One new monoterpene glucoside; (2R, 4S)-p-menth-1-ene- 2-O-b-D-glucopyranoside &lt;strong&gt;[1]&lt;/strong&gt; along with five known compounds; thymoquinol 2-O-b-D-glucopyranoside (zataroside-B) &lt;strong&gt;[2]&lt;/strong&gt;, quercetin 7, 3`-di-Omethylether (rhamnazin) &lt;strong&gt;[3]&lt;/strong&gt;, quercetin 7-O-methylether (rhamnetin) &lt;strong&gt;[4]&lt;/strong&gt;, quercetin 3`-O-methylether (isorhamnetin) &lt;strong&gt;[5]&lt;/strong&gt; and stigmasterol 3-Ob- D-glucopyranoside&lt;strong&gt; [6]&lt;/strong&gt; were isolated. The alcoholic extract significantly reduced the elevated SBP and partially restored the diminished nitric oxide metabolites. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Compound &lt;strong&gt;[1] &lt;/strong&gt;is a new and compounds &lt;strong&gt;[2-6]&lt;/strong&gt; are reported for first time from &lt;em&gt;Pulicaria jaubertii&lt;/em&gt;. The possible antihypertensive activity of the alcoholic extract may be due to its flavonoids and phenolic contents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;El-Sayed M. El-Ghaly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Usama Shaheen&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ehab Ragab&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Atef Ahmed El-hila&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Mohamed Raafat Abd-Allah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditi Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neeraj Mahindroo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reena Vohra Saini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive Fraction from Datura stramonium Linn. Promotes Human immune Cells Mediated Cytotoxicity towards Lung and Breast Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytokine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Datura stramonium.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PBMC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">435-439</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the present study was to evaluate immune modulatory effect of fractions of &lt;em&gt;D. stramonium&lt;/em&gt; L. leaves on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) followed by assessment of cytotoxic abilities of immunomodulated PBMC toward cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Bioassay (PBMC proliferation) guided fractionation of methanolic leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;D. stramonium&lt;/em&gt; was performed to get active fraction and LC-MS was performed to identify the phytocompounds present in the bioactive fraction. The immunomodulatory potential of&lt;em&gt; D.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;stramonium&lt;/em&gt; active fraction was assessed by i) MTT microcytotoxicity assay using A549 (lung carcinomas) and MCF-7 (breast cancer) cell lines and ii) analyzing the production of IL-2 and IFN-&amp;gamma; by human PBMC in the presence of active fraction. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Chromatographic fractionation guided by PBMC proliferation assay of &lt;em&gt;D. stramonium&lt;/em&gt; extract resulted in bioactive fraction (fraction-10) exhibiting significant immunostimulatory activity [EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=19.1&amp;plusmn;1.5 (&amp;mu;g/ml)] on human blood lymphocytes. Fraction-10 pretreated PBMC displayed enhanced cytotoxicity towards A549 and MCF-7 (59%&amp;plusmn;2.1% and 62%&amp;plusmn;2.3% at 1:20 effector:target ratio respectively). Moreover, fraction-10 also enhanced the secretion of IL-2 (8 fold) and IFN-&amp;gamma; (10 fold) by human PBMC. The preliminary phytochemical analysis of fraction-10 from&lt;em&gt; D. stramonium&lt;/em&gt; showed the presence of terpenoids and steroids. LC-MS analysis depicted presence of four major phytoconstituents in fraction-10 as daturaolone, daturadiol, stigmasterol and sitosterol with corresponding mass spectrum (m/z) of 440, 442, 412 and 414 respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present report concluded that active fraction-10 of&lt;em&gt; D. stramonium&lt;/em&gt; possesses potential immunostimulators that are capable of enhancing anticancer responses of human blood lymphocytes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">435</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aditi Gupta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Neeraj Mahindroo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Reena Vohra Saini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Animal Biotechnology Laboratory, Faculty of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitender Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwani Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupam Sharma</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity Guided Fractionation of Ethanol Extract of Caesalpinia digyna Rottler Roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antianxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity-guided fractionation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia digyna</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevated plus-maze.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165-167</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Authors have reported earlier that ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia digyna&lt;/em&gt; Rottler roots exhibits significant antianxiety activity at 400 mg/kg, po, in mice using elevated plus-maze (EPM).&lt;strong&gt; Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: Aim of the study was to isolate antianxiety principle(s) from ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;C. digyna&lt;/em&gt; roots following bioactivity guided fractionation approach. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Bioactive ethanol extract was partitioned with ethyl acetate to get ethyl acetate soluble (EASF) and ethyl acetate insoluble (EAIF) fractions. A compound (CD&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;) precipitated from EASF. The two fractions and CD&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; were evaluated for antianxiety activity in mice. Column chromatography of EASF yielded 5 fractions (F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;-F&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;), all of which were evaluated for antianxiety activity using EPM.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study revealed that EASF (80 mg/kg) and CD&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (40 mg/kg) exhibited significant antianxiety activity, while EAIF does not. Among the five fractions, only F4 (40 mg/kg, po), exhibited significant antianxiety activity, which was statistically comparable to that of diazepam (2 mg/kg). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Present investigation reveals that EASF obtained by partitioning of ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;C. digyna &lt;/em&gt;roots with ethyl acetate, and a compound CD&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;, isolated from EASF, exhibit significant antianxiety activity. Among 5 fractions (F&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt;-F&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;) obtained from column chromatography of EASF, only F4 exhibited significant antianxiety activity. F4 is being processed further to isolate the anxiolytic constituent(s), and CD&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; is being characterized.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">165</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jitender Singh, Ashwani Kumar*, Anupam Sharma&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh-160014, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tchimene Kenne Michel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anaga Arua Ottoh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ugwoke Christopher Emeka Chukwunonye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ezugwu Christopher Obodoike</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okunji Christopher</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iwu Maurice Mmaduakolam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bio-Flavonoids and Garcinoic Acid from Garcinia kola Heckel Seeds with Promising Antioxidant Potentials</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrageenan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia kola</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paw edema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar rats.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56-58</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The research was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of ethanol extract, fraction (kolaviron) and compounds (garcinoic acid, GB1 and GB2) of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kola&lt;/em&gt; seeds. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Method:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the acute anti-inflammatory effect of extract, fraction and compounds of &lt;em&gt;G. kola&lt;/em&gt; carrageenan-induced edema model in wistar albino rats was used. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Kolaviron (50 mg/kg), garcinoic acid (50 mg/kg) and the crude extract (50 mg/kg) caused 100, 83 and 74% inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw edema respectively at 6 h post administration. Indomethacin (10 mg/ kg), the reference drug induced 100% inhibition of carrageenan-induced paw oedema. While GB1 (50 mg/kg) and GB2 (50 mg/kg) was prominent at 4, 5 and 6 h post administration. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Results showed that the extract possessed anti-inflammatory activity, which have justified their use in Nigeria traditional medicine to treat inflammation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tchimene Kenne Michel&lt;sup&gt;1,3*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anaga Arua Ottoh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ugwoke Christopher Emeka Chukwunonye&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ezugwu Christopher Obodoike&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Okunji Christopher&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Iwu Maurice Mmaduakolam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;International Centre for Ethnomedicine and Drug Development, 110 Aku Road, Nsukka, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, UNN, Nsukka, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicine, UNN, Nsukka, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumara Shanthamma Kavitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreedharamurthy Satish</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioprospecting of some medicinal plants explored for antifungal activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59-65</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;In the present study, evaluation of different plant parts of fifteen medicinal plants belongs to different families have been screened for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; efficacy of antifungal activity against phyto pathogenic (&lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Fusarium&lt;/em&gt; species) as well as human pathogenic fungi (&lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Microsporum&lt;/em&gt; species) using agar well diffusion assay. The results showed that among fifteen medicinal plants, crude extracts of different solvents viz., petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol tested for antifungal activity, twelve plants were found to be effective against one or the other test fungi, among these plants, solvent extracts of &lt;em&gt;Callistemon lanceolatus&lt;/em&gt; showed significant activity against &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;albicans&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Microsporum gypseum&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Cordia dichrotoma&lt;/em&gt; leaves extracts exhibited significant activity against &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;niger&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;flavus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;albicans&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;Sphaeranthus indicus&lt;/em&gt; L. whole plant extracts exhibited significant activity against &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus&lt;/em&gt; spp.,&lt;em&gt; C&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;albicans&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Microsporum&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;canis&lt;/em&gt;. Leaves extracts of &lt;em&gt;Vitex negundo&lt;/em&gt; exhibited significant activity against &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;niger&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;A&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;flavus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;F&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;verticillioides&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;albicans&lt;/em&gt; and moderate activity against &lt;em&gt;F&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;crookwellense&lt;/em&gt;. Extracts of &lt;em&gt;Butea monosperma&lt;/em&gt; exhibited significant to moderate activity against all test pathogens except &lt;em&gt;C&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;em&gt;albicans&lt;/em&gt;. The obtained results imparts a preliminary piece of significant information regarding the antifungal potentiality of screened medicinal plants and thus our present investigation depicted an outline interpretation of significant activity with crude solvent extracts, which could be exploit for further isolation and investigation of antifungal agents for crop diseases management and human health.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&lt;/strong&gt; Nill&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">59</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kumara Shanthamma Kavitha and Sreedharamurthy Satish*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Herbal Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006 Karnataka, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murad Abualhasan,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nidal Jaradat,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nael Abu-Hasan,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motasem Almasri,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adham Abu Taha,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Rabbaa,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noor Natsheh,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sajed Shalalfeh,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Majdi Najib.</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactivity of Viscum album extracts from Olive and Almond host plants in Palestine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prothrombin time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viscum album</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117-123</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; is a semi-parasitic medicinal plant which has been used for many years as a remedy in traditional medicine. The plant is widely used in folk medicine in Palestine; mainly in the treatment of cancer, diabetes and heart disease. Since no previous reports on bio activity of this plant in association with host plant specificity in Palestine, the current study aimed at evaluating bio activity of almond and olive variants of this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic extract of&lt;em&gt;viscum album&lt;/em&gt; cultivated from almond and olive host plants were tested for antioxidant, antimicrobial . Prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) were also used to assess anticoagulant activities of plant extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The result demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; have an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 25.34&amp;plusmn;3.8&amp;mu;g/ml when hosted by olive while the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; was 15.37&amp;plusmn;2.2&amp;mu;g/ml when hosted by almond. Crude extracts of both &lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; plants showed strong inhibition effects on the growth of the studied Staphylococcus aureus strains (ATCC 25923 and MRSA) with a pronounced effect when extracts of almond host was used. However, the effects of both host extracts were very limited or absent when tested against Gram-negative reference and clinical strains. Plant extracts of both host showed prolonged PT and PTT compared to phosphate buffered saline control solution. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, variations in the bioactivity of &lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt; is clearly influenced by host type and further studies required to illustrate such variations using other host plants.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Viscum album&lt;/em&gt;, Antioxidant, Prothrombin time, Antimicrobial.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Murad Abualhasan&lt;sup&gt;*,a&lt;/sup&gt;, Nidal Jaradat&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Nael Abu-Hasan&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Motasem Almasri&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Adham Abu Taha&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Rabbaa&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Noor Natsheh&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Sajed Shalalfeh&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; and Majdi Najib&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;d &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, An-Najah National University, Nablus-Palestine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, An-Najah National University, Nablus-Palestine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bio-Medical Sciences, Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, An-Najah National University, Nablus-Palestine&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;d&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacy Directorate, MoH-Palestine.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>