<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rattazart Denchai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somsak Nualkaew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pornpun Laovachirasuwan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nopphawan Pornsiri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chonlada Judprakop</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity, Toxicity Assessment and GC-MS Chemical Profiling of Cha-Nu-Ruk Traditional Thai Herbal Poultice for Knee Pain Management</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal poultice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Knee pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thai traditional medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31-35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Thai Traditional herbal medicine employs multi-herb formulations for managing inflammatory conditions. This study investigates the anti-inflammatory properties, cytotoxicity, and chemical composition of Cha-Nu-Ruk, an eight-herb traditional poultice formulation for knee pain. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Eight medicinal plants (&lt;em&gt;Tiliacora triandra, Thunbergia laurifolia, Azadirachta indica, Clinacanthus nutans, Pandanus amaryllifolius, Justicia gendarussa, Sida acuta,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Zingiber cassumunar&lt;/em&gt;) were extracted with 70% ethanol. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated through nitric oxide inhibition assay using Jurkat cells. Cytotoxicity was assessed via MTT assay. Chemical profiling employed GC-MS analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Individual plant extracts demonstrated variable anti-inflammatory activity (NO inhibition: 28.52-73.80%) with &lt;em&gt;Clinacanthus nutans &lt;/em&gt;showing highest potency. The combined eight-herb formulation yielded 11.82±0.41% extraction efficiency with 26.2% NO inhibition. GC-MS analysis identified 21 compounds, with DMPBD (19.13% relative abundance) and β-sitosterol (1.13%). Cytotoxicity evaluation revealed acceptable safety profiles (&amp;gt;80% cell viability) for most extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; While individual herbs showed promising anti-inflammatory potential, the traditional eight-herb combination did not demonstrate synergistic enhancement. Chemical standardization revealed significant batch-to-batch variability, highlighting the need for optimized formulation ratios and quality control protocols.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">31</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rattazart Denchai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Somsak Nualkaew&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pornpun Laovachirasuwan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nopphawan Pornsiri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Chonlada Judprakop4, Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;5*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science, Ramkhamhaeng University, Bangkok, 10240, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Product Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Science and Technology, Phanakhon Rajabhat University, Bangkok, 10220, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Nakhonratchasima College, Nakhon Ratchasima, 30000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Science, Faculty of Education, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, 48000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shabina Komath Chenoly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodini NA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus Ameliorates Stress-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction via Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Mechanisms in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine esterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">chronic stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris water maze</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide dismutase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to determine if there were any effect of Abelmoschus esculentus on chronic stress induced memory loss. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The Swiss Albino Mice (n=30) were divided into five groups, namely control, chronic stress (90 days), chronic stress and ethanolic extract of Abelmoschus esculentus(200mg/kg body weight), and Chronic stress followed by diazepam (2mg/kg body weight), Chronic stress followed by diazepam (2mg/kg body weight) and ethanolic extract of abelmoschus esculentus (200mg/kg body weight). At the end of the experimental period (90 days), animal blood was collected retro-orbitally to analyze the cortisol, Brain tissue was homogenized, and antioxidants and Acetylcholine esterase level was estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Results of the data indicated that administering stress for a duration of 90 days led to a noticeable decline in spatial learning abilities in mice. Our findings indicate that combination of Abelmoschus esculentus and diazepam showed there was an significant improvement in retaining memory. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Study indicated that Abelmoschus esculentus shows promise as a viable treatment option for conditions of stress related memory impairment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shabina Komath Chenoly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodini NA&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Physiology, Vydehi Institute of Medical Sciences &amp;amp; Research Center EPIP area, Bangalore, 5600066, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department Of Physiology, Kasturba Medical college Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Li ChangSheng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chimgee Tserendash</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maral-Erdene Gerelt-Od</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batdavaa Batbayar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uyangamaa Altankhuyag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mend-Amar Batbaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Narankhajid Myadagsuren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davaadagva Damdinjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enkhmaa Gonchig</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yeruult Chultemsuren</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Subchronic Toxicity Study of Sampilnorov Wurile</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and subchronic toxicity; biochemistry; blood test; histopathological analysis; Sampilnorov Wurile</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203-210</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Sampilnorov Wurile (SW) is a traditional medicinal preparation containing 29 plant-, mineral-, and animal-derived components. It is used for cerebrovascular ischemia, retinal disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the acute and subchronic toxicities of SW. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Acute toxicity was assessed in C57BL/6 mice based on OECD-423 guidelines, with oral doses ranging from 500 to 6,000 mg/kg body weight. Subchronic toxicity was evaluated in Wistar rats following OECD-407 guidelines, with daily oral doses of 300 and 600 mg/kg of SW daily for 4 weeks. Clinical signs, mortality, body weight, and physical condition were monitored. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological analyses were conducted on day 29. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; No mortality or significant clinical signs of toxicity were observed at doses up to 6,000 mg/kg, suggesting an oral median lethal dose exceeding this level. Subchronic toxicity assessment revealed no clinical signs of toxicity or mortality. SW at 300 and 600 mg/kg had no significant effects on serum biochemical parameters or vital organ histology compared to controls.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; SW exhibited no acute toxicity at doses up to 6,000 mg/kg and showed no adverse effects in a 28-d subchronic toxicity study. These findings support its safety at tested doses.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">203</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Li ChangSheng&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chimgee Tserendash&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maral-Erdene Gerelt-Od&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Batdavaa Batbayar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Uyangamaa Altankhuyag&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mend-Amar Batbaatar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Narankhajid Myadagsuren&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Davaadagva Damdinjav&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Enkhmaa Gonchig&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Yeruult Chultemsuren&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Mongolian Medicine Surgery, College of Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, China; No 5 Xinhua Street, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia Autonomous region, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, School of Biomedicine, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 14210, MONGOLIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ranjini HS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kadmad Abdul Hameed Mohamed Azar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Fayazul Haq</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prashanthkumar Goudappala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinodakumar HR</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akash A</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Salvia Officinalis Roots in Wistar Rats as per OECD 423 TG</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haematology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">heart</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salvia officinalis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">577-582</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, we assessed the hydroalcoholic root extract of &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis &lt;/em&gt;oral acute toxicity investigation using an animal model. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The investigation of acute oral toxicity was conducted using OECD 423 guidelines. The Institutional Animal Ethics Committee approved the study (IAEC). A single oral dose of &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis&lt;/em&gt; hydroalcoholic root extract (800, 1600, and 3200 mg/kg) was administered, and the subjects were monitored for 14 days. Animals were sacrificed on the fifteenth day, and body weight, haematological, and serum hepatic biochemical parameters were assessed and compared to the standard group. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;Groups treated with &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis&lt;/em&gt; showed no mortality or discernible alterations. The findings show that Wistar rats did not experience appreciable harmful effects from administering hydroalcoholic root extract from the &lt;em&gt;Salvia officinalis&lt;/em&gt; plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract can be utilized safely for therapeutic use in pharmaceutical formulations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">577</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ranjini HS&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kadmad Abdul Hameed Mohamed Azar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, S Fayazul Haq&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Prashanthkumar Goudappala&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinodakumar H R&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Akash&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant professor, Department of Biochemistry, BGSMCH, Nagarur, Bengaluru North, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA .&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, T Begur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, 6Tutor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Siddhartha Medical College, Sri Siddhartha Academy of Higher Education, Tumkur, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amruth Kiran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Praveen Kumar S E</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiyana Mandal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Ganesh Shenoy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasudev R Pai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swati Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arul Amuthan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Toxicity Study of the Crude Aqueous Extract of Tribulus terrestris Dried Fruit with Potential Diuretic Effect</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">acute toxicity study</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crude aqueous extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indian traditional medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddha system of medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tribulus terrestris</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar Rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">566-576</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tribulus terrestris&lt;/em&gt; is an important medicinal plant used in Indian traditional medicine, the crude aqueous extract of the plant is primarily used to induce diuresis for treating cardiovascular diseases and managing renal stones, etc... The safe dose and adverse effect profile of the extract was not explored adequately in preclinical studies. Hence, the present study was undertaken. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The acute toxicity was assessed based on the OECD guideline number 425: Acute Oral Toxicity – Up-and-Down-Procedure. A total of 11 animals were used in the study. Initially, one animal was administered with a dosage of 2000 mg/kg; and as the animal survived, four more animals were dosed and were observed for survival and other possible adverse drug reactions. The animals' body weight was measured before experimenting and at the end of the study. Biochemical and haematological examinations were done on normal control and test groups. Animals from the test group were sacrificed, and histopathological examinations of the vital organs were carried out. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;No signs of toxicity or changes in the behaviour were observed in the treatment group. As all the animals survived, it was decided that the LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; was greater than 2000 mg/kg. However, the changes observed with platelets, total cholesterol and LDL were within the normal limits. Histological examination of the vital organs did not reveal any changes in the architecture of the organs. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study demonstrated that the crude aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris dried fruit does not cause toxicity under the 2000 mg/kg dose limit.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">566</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amruth Kiran&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Praveen Kumar S E&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tatiyana Mandal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K Ganesh Shenoy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vasudev R Pai&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Swati Sharma&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Arul Amuthan&lt;sup&gt;1,5,*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Pharmacology, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Manipal Tata Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Siddha, Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (CIMR), Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maslichah Mafruchati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Additional Feed of Moringa Oleifera Leaf Flour on the Development of Veterinary Embryos</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Additional feed</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">development of veterinary embryos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">moringa oleifera leaf flour</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253-257</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Moringa leaf flour has a protein content of 26.67% in 100% dry matter so it can be a source of protein feed. The use of carotenoid-rich products such as β-carotene in poultry rations can produce low-cholesterol eggs.&lt;strong&gt; Aims: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of additional feed of moringa oleifera leaf flour on the development of veterinary embryos. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The methodology used involves a literature review or analysis of papers collected from 1950 to 2024 through the Google search engine. Furthermore, sources are collected, identified, and evaluated. This research report uses the phrases supplemental feed for dairy calves made from moringa oleifera leaf meal. The literature collection was carried out in 2025 from February 2025 to April 2025. The articles in this collection were published in English and Indonesian in national and international journals, then analyzed with Vosviewer. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;From the results of the analysis carried out, it was found that Additional feed of moringa oleifera leaf flour on the development of veterinary embryos have associations between moringa oleifera, embryo and other factors, moringa oleifera, embryo and other factors have been studied on the 2019-2024, moringa oleifera and embryo have been widely studied than other factors. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the results of the analysis carried out, it was found that Additional feed of moringa oleifera leaf flour on the development of veterinary embryos have associations between moringa oleifera, embryo and other factors, moringa oleifera, embryo and other factors have been studied on the 2019-2024, moringa oleifera and embryo have been widely studied than other factors. Need research other factor to embryo veterinary in Additional feed of moringa oleifera leaf flour.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maslichah Mafruchati &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (60115), Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, C Campus, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jesus Rojas Jaimes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juana E. Chavez-Flores</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jenny Estela Villalobos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashley Mantilla Aliaga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roxana Miranda Sanchez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zulema Suricachi Cerron</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic Effect of the Chloroformic Extract of Aniba canelilla “canelon” Bark in BALB/c Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aniba canelilla</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palliative</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">231-235</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background.&lt;/strong&gt; Some diseases can cause intense pain, where pharmacological treatment with opioid analgesics is necessary, as in cancer. Despite advances in cancer treatment, pain is still a common symptom. Treatment is usually based on the use of opioids, but there is still some rejection because of their adverse effects or because of the delay in access to them. To evaluate the analgesic effect of &lt;em&gt;Aniba canelilla&lt;/em&gt; &quot;canelon&quot; bark in mice to validate the above and consider it an alternative to existing palliative treatment in cancer patients. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology.&lt;/strong&gt; The analgesic effect was evaluated according to the method of Koster et al. using 50 BALB/c mice distributed in groups of 07 mice each. Comparison was made with the standards Tramadol 50 mg/kg and Paracetamol 500 mg/kg administered orally, and acetic acid 0.8% was used intraperitoneally as a pain inducer. &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; The potent analgesic effect of the chloroformic extract of Aniba canelilla at 200mg/kg was observed, with an analgesic percentage of 98.87% with a mean number of writhes of 28.29 ± 5.44, being statistically significant to the other treatments (p&amp;lt;0.01). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions &lt;/strong&gt;The analgesic effect of the chloroformic extract of &lt;em&gt;Aniba canelilla&lt;/em&gt; at 200mg/kg was determined.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">231</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jesús Rojas Jaimes&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Juana E. Chávez-Flores&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jenny Estela Villalobos&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashley Mantilla Aliaga&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Roxana Miranda Sanchez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Zulema Suricachi Cerrón&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima-PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tserennadmid Erdenebaatar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Otgonsuren Daramzav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilguun Enkhbat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Davaadagva Damdinjav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khatanbold Otgonbayar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munkhbat Sukhee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Fatty Acids in Wool Oil Extracted from Mongolian Sheep Wool using Gas Chromatography and Infrared Spectrophotometry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Functional groups; Lanolin; Saponification; Soxhlet extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">444-449</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;To develop a method for extracting wool oil from Mongolian sheep wool, evaluate its quality, and determine the fatty acid composition. The extraction of wool oil was performed using the Soxhlet method. Fatty acid content was determined by gas chromatography, while saponification and ester numbers were assessed using titrimetric methods. Functional compounds in the wool oil were identified using infrared spectrophotometry, with further analysis conducted through gas chromatography. Infrared spectroscopy identified valence and deformation oscillations at 3308.01 cm-1, 2922.47 cm-1, 1743.46 cm-1, 1378.34 cm-1, 1465.76 cm-1, 720.83 cm-1, and 1085.39 cm-1. Gas chromatography revealed 14 distinct fatty acids, with saturated fatty acids accounting for 66.6%, and unsaturated fatty acids making up 33.3%. Polyunsaturated fatty acids comprised 26.26%, while monounsaturated fatty acids represented 7.14% of the total. The analysis identified key functional groups (C=O, CH3, CH2, C-C, C-O, O-H) in wool oil using infrared spectroscopy. The fatty acid composition of the extracted wool oil included a predominance of saturated fatty acids (66.6%) and a significant proportion of polyunsaturated fatty acids (26.26%). This method provides a viable alternative for extracting and utilizing wool oil from Mongolian sheep wool.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">444</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tserennadmid Erdenebaatar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Otgonsuren Daramzav&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Bilguun Enkhbat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Davaadagva Damdinjav&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Myagmarsuren Badamtsetseg&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khatanbold Otgonbayar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Munkhbat Sukhee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Mongolian National University of Medical Sciences, Ulaanbaatar, MONGOLIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novi Fajar Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizky Mulyana Syarif</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chorry Sundari Irawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shintia Ramadhani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Solvent Concentration Effect and Extraction Method on The Total Phenolic of Syzygium myrtifolium Walp. Leaf Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maceration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">solvent concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzigium myrtifolium walp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UAE</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">461-469</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Syzygium myrtifolium &lt;/em&gt;Walp., an Indonesian ornamental plant, contains phenolic compounds with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. The demand for natural antioxidants is rising due to concerns over synthetic alternatives. &lt;strong&gt;Objectivity:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the total phenolic content (TPC) and antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;S. myrtifolium&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts obtained with various solvents (ethanol 60, 70, 80, 96% v/v, ethyl acetate, n-hexane) and two extraction methods (maceration and ultrasonic-assisted extraction, UAE), and to assess the effects of solvent polarity and extraction method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Leaves were extracted by maceration and UAE. TPC was measured via the Folin–Ciocalteu method (tannic acid equivalents, %) using UV–Vis spectrophotometry. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH assay (IC₅₀). Phytochemical screening was also performed. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; TPC (maceration): 60% ethanol = 18.76%, 96% ethanol = 13.64%, ethyl acetate = 8.33%, n-hexane = 0.83%. TPC (UAE): 60% ethanol = 20.02%, 96% ethanol = 14.04%, ethyl acetate = 10.13%, n-hexane = 0.92%. Solvent type/concentration and extraction method significantly affected TPC (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.05). UAE 96% ethanol showed the strongest antioxidant activity (IC₅₀ ≈ 16.03 ppm), ethyl acetate had moderate activity (≈67–76 ppm), and n-hexane the weakest (≈153–163 ppm). UAE 60% ethanol had the highest TPC but not the strongest activity (IC₅₀ ≈ 88.27 ppm), suggesting antioxidant potency depends on phenolic composition. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;UAE with 60% ethanol produced the highest TPC, while UAE with 96% ethanol exhibited the strongest antioxidant activity. Further profiling is needed to clarify the phenolic composition–activity relationship.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">461</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Novi Fajar Utami&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rizky Mulyana Syarif&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chorry Sundari Irawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shintia Ramadhani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Math and Science, Universitas Pakuan, Jl. Raya Pakuan 1 Bogor, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Nadia Nur Cahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar I</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Muhammad Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Influence of Leadership Style on Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance at RSUD H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Bulukumba District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employee needs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leadership Style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Performance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236-243</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The success and failure of a hospital is influenced by a leader, Effective leadership impacts the progress of the hospital so that leadership style becomes one of the determining factors in the success of hospital performance. Leadership style is a norm of behavior used by a person when that person tries to influence the behavior of other people or subordinates. This research aims to determine the influence of leadership style on organizational culture and organizational performance at RSUD H.Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja, Bulukumba Regency, the type of research used is quantitative research. The sample in this study was 178 staff and health workers at H.Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Regional Hospital Bulukumba Regency using a sampling technique.&lt;em&gt;Accidental Sampling&lt;/em&gt;. The analysis method used is &lt;em&gt;Path Analysis &lt;/em&gt;with&lt;em&gt; SmartPLS&lt;/em&gt; software version 3.0. Based on the results of this research, it shows that there is a direct influence of leadership style on organizational culture &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (15.172), there is a direct influence of organizational culture on organizational performance with p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (7.815), there is a direct influence of leadership style on organizational performance with p value (0,038) with a t.statistic value (2.077), and there is an influence of leadership style on organizational performance through organizational culture with p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (6.339). Therefore, there is a need for good appreciation and direction to overcome difficulties in carrying out duties and responsibilities for employees, as well as consideration for paying more attention to employee needs which are implemented in organizational culture to improve better performance.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andi Nadia Nur Cahyani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Muhammad Saleh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalitha Tanjore Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Snophia Suresh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vamsi Lavu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shankarram Vedamanickam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nissanthe Nagarajan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide and Resveratrol as Potential Modulators of AIM2 and IFI16 Inflammasomes in Periodontitis: A Docking Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AIM2 inflammasome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IFI16 inflammasome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodontitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resveratrol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179-187</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Proinflammatory cytokines play a critical role in the destruction of periodontal tissues. DNAsensing inflammasomes, such as AIM2 and IFI16, are key mediators in the secretion of IL-1 and IL-18 and facilitate pyroptosis in periodontitis. Andrographolide and resveratrol are phytocompounds known for their anti-inflammatory effects, though their precise mechanisms of action remain uncertain. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular interactions of andrographolide and resveratrol with AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes using a computational approach. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Ten phytocompounds were selected and analyzed via molecular docking. Protein-ligand docking was conducted with AutoDock 4.2.6. Binding affinities and hydrogen bond interactions were assessed. Andrographolide and resveratrol complexes with AIM2 and IFI16 were further subjected to 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations using GROMACS software to assess complex stability. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Both andrographolide and resveratrol complexes demonstrated stability throughout the simulations, with adequate inter-hydrogen bonding. Molecular Mechanics Poisson-Boltzmann Surface Area (MMPBSA) analysis revealed that AIM2-andrographolide (-112.100 ± 18.106 kJ/mol) and IFI16-andrographolide (-50.047 ± 27.076 kJ/mol) complexes exhibited higher binding energies compared to AIM2-resveratrol (-15.328 ± 2.539 kJ/mol) and IFI16-resveratrol (-12.534 ± 20.184 kJ/mol) complexes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Molecular docking and dynamics analyses indicate that andrographolide demonstrates a stronger binding affinity to AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes compared to resveratrol. This suggests andrographolide as a promising host modulatory candidate for the therapeutic management of periodontitis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">179</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lalitha Tanjore Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Snophia Suresh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vamsi Lavu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shankarram Vedamanickam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nissanthe Nagarajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Periodontics, Thai Moogambigai Dental College Chennai&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Periodontics, Sri Ramachandra Dental College Chennai&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad Arvind Thakurdesai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pallavi Onkar Deshpande</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savita Raju Nimse</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-aging Efficacy and Safety of Topical Application of Two Standardized Fenugreek Seed Extracts on Facial Skin in Women: Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Clinical Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-aging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fenugreek seed extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin elasticity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin hydration</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470-479</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Fenugreek (&lt;em&gt;Trigonella foenum graecum L.&lt;/em&gt;) is widely used in culinary and medicinal applications and has recently gained attention for its potential anti-aging properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study evaluated the anti-aging efficacy and safety of topical application of flavonoid glycosides-based and eleutheroside-oligosaccharide-based standardized fenugreek seed extract creams, namely INDUS1520 and INDUS1530, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Seventy-five healthy women aged between 35 and 55 years with mild to moderate facial wrinkles were randomly allocated to receive either INDUS1520, INDUS1530, or a Placebo cream for 60 days. Efficacy outcomes included skin luminescence, color, trans-epidermal water loss, moisture content, gloss, elasticity, firmness, wrinkle depth, surface roughness, and collagen distribution. Safety was assessed using a dermatological assessment and subject-reported intolerance questionnaire for adverse events. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; INDUS1530 significantly improved skin hydration and wrinkle depth, while INDUS1520 significantly reduced transepidermal water loss compared with Placebo. Both creams showed a trend of decreased skin roughness and increased collagen distribution, although this difference was not statistically significant between the groups. All treatments, including Placebo, increased skin gloss. No adverse events or skin irritation were observed. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Both fenugreek seed extract creams were well tolerated and demonstrated potential anti-aging benefits, with INDUS1530 showing more pronounced effects on skin hydration and wrinkle reduction. These findings support the use of standardized fenugreek seed extracts as safe and effective ingredients in anti-aging skin care products.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">470</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prasad Arvind Thakurdesai&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Pallavi Onkar Deshpande&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Savita Raju Nimse&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Indus Biotech Limited, 1, Rahul Residency, Off Salunke Vihar Road, Kondhwa, Pune, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gornganok Piboonpol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On-Anong Somsap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanita Panthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Penporn Sujiwattanarat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anussara Kamnate</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial and Antioxidant Activities of Phanera aureifolia (K.Larsen &amp; S.S.Larsen) Bandyop., P.P.Ghoshal &amp; M.K.Pathak Leaf Ethanolic Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P.P.Ghoshal &amp; M.K.Pathak</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phanera aureifolia (K.Larsen &amp; S.S.Larsen) Bandyop.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compound</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">365-369</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Natural antioxidants and antimicrobial agents are abundantly found in medicinal plants. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study evaluated the antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of two colors from &lt;em&gt;Phanera aureifolia &lt;/em&gt;(K.Larsen &amp;amp; S.S.Larsen) Bandyop., P.P.Ghoshal &amp;amp; M.K.Pathak leaf ethanolic extracts including gold and green leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess antimicrobial efficacy, the agar well diffusion technique was analyzed. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was utilized to investigate the ultrastructural alterations in MRSA caused by leaf extracts. DPPH assay was used to assess antioxidant activity. The total amounts of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were evaluated through the Folin-Ciocalteu and aluminum chloride colorimetric techniques, respectively. The statistical analysis using an independent t-test. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Both extracts demonstrated activity against &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;TISTR146, &lt;em&gt;Micrococcus luteus&lt;/em&gt; TISTR884, &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; TISTR517 and Methicillin-resistant &lt;em&gt;S. aureus &lt;/em&gt;142 (MRSA142). Their activity against &lt;em&gt;M. luteus&lt;/em&gt; TISTR884 was the highest observed. The MIC of both extracts against MRSA were 10 mg/ml. SEM analysis revealed that the cells exhibited noticeable enlargement and swelling compared to untreated MRSA cells. Extract from the green leaves of Gold leaf Bauhinia showed greater radical scavenging activity, higher total phenolic and flavonoid contents, compared to those from the golden leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings show that the extract from the green leaves of Gold leaf Bauhinia possess higher antioxidant potential compared to those from the golden leaves. In addition, both extracts exhibited antimicrobial activity, especially against MRSA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">365</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gornganok Piboonpol &lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, On-anong Somsap&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanita Panthong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Penporn Sujiwattanarat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anussara Kamnate&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;2Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;3Department of Anatomy, Faculty of medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shalina Sebayang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raendi Rayendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ietje Wientarsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Tyrosinase Inhibition of Avocado (Persea americana Mill.) Leaves and Seeds Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persea americana Mill; tyrosinase inhibition; DPPH; L-DOPA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">420-424</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) can stimulate melanin production in the skin, leading to hyperpigmentation. One way to reduce melanin formation is by inhibiting the enzyme tyrosinase. Often discarded as waste, avocado leaves and seeds are rich in flavonoids with potential tyrosinase-inhibiting properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to perform phytochemical screening, measure antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor activities, and explore the correlation between free radical scavenging and tyrosinase inhibition in ethanol extracts of young avocado leaves (EAL(O)) and old avocado leaves (EAL(Y)), as well as the ethyl acetate extract of avocado seeds (EAS). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity was assessed using the &lt;em&gt;2,2-Diphennyl-1-picrylhydrazyl &lt;/em&gt;(DPPH) method, while tyrosinase inhibition was evaluated in vitro with mushroom tyrosinase and L-DOPA as a substrate. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the antioxidant activity test using the DPPH method yielded IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for EAL(Y), EAL(O), and EAS of 17.9±0.15 μg/mL, 15.33±0.02 μg/ mL, and 745.66±6.08 μg/mL, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibition tests indicated that EAL(Y), EAL(O), and EAS could significantly inhibit tyrosinase activity (&lt;em&gt;P &lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.01), with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 10133.26±140.12 μg/mL, 8496.20±155.06 μg/mL, and 48375.8±553.06 μg/mL, respectively. The correlation coefficients between tyrosinase inhibition and antioxidant activity for EAL(Y), EAL(O), and EAS were r = 0.955, r = 0.947, and r = 0.991, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings suggest that EAL(Y), EAL(O), and EAS may be potential natural skin-whitening agents due to their flavonoid content and antioxidant and anti-tyrosinase properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">420</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shalina Sebayang&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Raendi Rayendra&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ietje Wientarsih&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bambang Pontjo Priosoeryanto&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Animal Biomedical Sciences Graduate School of IPB University, Bogor, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Syarif Hidayatullah Islamic University, Jakarta, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Veterinary Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences of IPB University, Bogor, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hugo Jesús Justil-Guerrero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miriam Palomino- Pacheco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carlos Orlando Garcia-Bustamante</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwin Cesar Cieza-Macedo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jessica Yolanda Huarcaya-Rojas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaime David Torres-Lévano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio Jose Pena-Galindo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Esther Obdulia Franco-Soto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juana E. Chavez-Flores</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Robert Armando Cardenas-Orihuela</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Effects of Chuquiraga spinosa Less. and Baccharis genistelloides (Pers.) Lam. in a Rat Model of Transient Cerebral Ischemia-reperfusion</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cerebral ischemia; neuroprotection; antioxidants; Chuquiraga spinosa Less.; Baccharis genistelloides (Pers.) Lam</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">620-631</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Cerebral ischemia, a leading cause of disability and mortality, is strongly related to oxidative stress and inflammation, highlighting the need for neuroprotective antioxidant and cytokinemodulating agents. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To characterize the phytochemical profile and evaluate the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of hydroalcoholic extracts of&lt;em&gt; Chuquiraga spinosa &lt;/em&gt;(ChS) and &lt;em&gt;Baccharis genistelloides&lt;/em&gt; (BaG), individually and in combination, in a rat model of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology: &lt;/strong&gt;Phytochemical screening and GC-MS were performed with antioxidant assays (ABTS•⁺, DPPH•, FRAP). Neurological deficit was assessed (Bederson scale), while histopathology, oxidative stress markers (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT, NOx), and cytokines (IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β) were measured. Groups included Normal (no ischemia), Ischemia (oral placebo), Citicoline 300 mg/kg, ChS 500 mg/kg, BaG 500 mg/kg, and the oral combination ChS 500 + BaG 500 mg/kg, all administered for seven days prior to ischemia induction. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;ChS had higher total phenolic content than BaG (p = 0.0079). GC-MS identified 23 compounds in ChS and 17 in BaG. The combination displayed greater antioxidant activity than either extract. At 24 h, ChS 500 mg/Kg and the combination reduced severe neurological deficit to 17% (vs. 83% in ischemia). Histopathology revealed less neuronal damage with the combination, comparable to ChS 500 mg/Kg. All treatments decreased MDA levels; the combination also enhanced GSH and CAT and significantly reduced TNF-α and IL-1β. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ChS and BaG extracts exert neuroprotective effects against cerebral ischemia. Their combination shows synergistic antioxidant activity against free radicals and enhances the modulation of inflammatory cytokines, supporting a greater neuroprotective potential.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">620</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hugo Jesús Justil-Guerrero&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Miriam Palomino- Pacheco&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Carlos Orlando García-Bustamante&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Edwin César Cieza-Macedo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jessica Yolanda Huarcaya-Rojas&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jaime David Torres-Lévano&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Julio José Peña-Galindo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Esther Obdulia Franco-Soto&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Juana E. Chávez-Flores&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Robert Armando Cárdenas-Orihuela&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos,Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology, Academic Program of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Norbert Wiener, Lima, PERÚ&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anchana Babu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha D Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Gokul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vandana Blossom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sreerag P</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shymala Nayak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Neuroprotective Potential of Ashwagandha In Aluminum-Induced Toxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aluminum Chloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">336-341</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction : &lt;/strong&gt;Aluminium is the most abundant metal and the third most common element in the Earth’s crust, following oxygen and silicon. Exposure to aluminium is associated with oxidative damage, primarily due to its ability to disrupt redox balance, generate reactive oxygen species, and impair antioxidant defense mechanisms.This study was aimed to find the potential role of ashwagandha on aluminium induced brain toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study rats were grouped into 4 groups of 6 rats in each. Brain tissue was removed and processed for biochemical and histopathological analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, administration of aluminium to rats resulted in a significant decrease in tissue GSH levels and a corresponding increase in MDA levels in the aluminium-treated group compared to the normal control.. Treatment with Ashwagandha showed a significant increase in GSH level and decrease in MDA level. Photomicrographic sections of the Brain in Ashwagandha-treated rats showed normla neuronal Count and exposure to Aluminium has caused significant reduction in the neuronal count. Experimental group pretreated with ashwagandha showed a visible increase in neuronal count in different regions of the rat brain.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results revealed that oral administration of aluminium induced adverse oxidative effects in the exposed animals, while treatment with Ashwagandha markedly reduced the extent of aluminium chloride-induced brain injury.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">336</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anchana Babu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rekha D Kini&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Gokul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vandana Blossom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sreerag P&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Shymala Nayak&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Srinivas Institute of Medical Sciences &amp;amp; Research Centre, Mukka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">On-Anong Somsap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wasinee Poonsawat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameena Benchamana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anussara Kamnate</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gornganok Piboonpol</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanita Pantong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Tyrosinase, Anti-Inflammatory, and Cytotoxic Activity of Si Boo Gan Tang Rice and Rice Bran Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-tyrosinase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HaCaT cell</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Si Boo Gan Tang Rice</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22-27</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Si Boo Gan Tang is a widely cultivated variety of rice in the Tak Bai district of Narathiwat province, located in the southern region of Thailand. This study aimed to evaluate the biological properties of Si Boo Gan Tang rice and rice bran extracts, focusing on their anti-tyrosinase activity, anti-inflammatory activity, and cytotoxicity. The anti-tyrosinase assay revealed that the aqueous extract of rice (RW) significantly inhibited tyrosinase activity by 41.47%. Similarly, the ethanolic extract of rice (RE) exhibited anti-tyrosinase activity at 35.34%. The aqueous (RBW) and ethanolic (RBE) extracts of rice bran showed anti-tyrosinase activity with percentages of 19.26% and 29.08%, respectively. The anti-inflammatory experiment, conducted using RAW 264.7 cells, demonstrated that all extracts (RW, RBW, RE, and RBE) from rice and rice bran exhibited anti-inflammatory properties by reducing the release of nitric oxide (NO) from lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The extracts had IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of over 400 μg/ml and CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values over 400 μg/ml. Cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay on HaCaT cells. The findings indicated that the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for both aqueous and ethanolic extracts of rice and rice bran were greater than 800 μg/ml.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">22</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;On-Anong Somsap&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wasinee Poonsawat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ameena Benchamana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anussara Kamnate&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gornganok Piboonpol&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanita Pantong&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;The Center for Scientific and Technological Equipment, Walailak University, NaKhon Si Thammarat 80160, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Princess of Naradhiwas University, Narathiwat 96000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nefertiti EP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudiarta KE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redemptus Y</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biutifasari V</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association Between Contraceptive Use and Pap Smear Findings in PKK Women in Bendul Merisi Surabaya</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cervical cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Contraceptives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pap Smear</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uterine Cervix</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">642-643</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Cervical cancer remains a major health burden for women worldwide. Pap smear is a widely used screening tool, while contraceptive use, particularly hormonal methods, has been debated as a potential risk factor for cervical lesions. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to investigate the association between contraceptive use and Pap smear findings among members of the Family Welfare Movement (PKK) in Bendul Merisi, Surabaya. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 64 respondents selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using questionnaires and Pap smear results. Statistical analysis was performed using contingency coefficient tests. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The study revealed a significant association between contraceptive use and Pap smear results (p = 0.001). Different types and duration of contraceptive use were significantly related to cytological outcomes, with hormonal methods showing a stronger association with abnormal findings such as LSIL (Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Contraceptive use, especially hormonal methods with longer duration, influences Pap smear findings, highlighting the need for regular cervical cancer screening among women using hormonal contraception&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">642</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nefertiti EP&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudiarta KE&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Redemptus Y&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Biutifasari V&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bassam A. Hazae</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yetti Hernaningsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puspa Wardhani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatima Albadwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nastasya Nunki</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abnormalities in Hemostatic Parameters Related to Hemodialysis in End-stage Kidney Pathology: A Narrative Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coagulation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">End-stage Kidney Disease (ESKD)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemodialysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemostasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1223-1230</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressively prevalent global health issue. During the initial phases of the condition, CKD is commonly linked to a tendency for excessive blood clotting. While in the end-stage of disease, patients undergoing hemodialysis have a multitude of hemostatic abnormalities. These include prolonged bleeding time, altered platelet count, prolonged PT and aPTT, elevated FDPs and D-dimer, dysregulated vWF activity, and abnormal thrombin generation. These changes result from a combination of uremic toxicity, endothelial dysfunction, inflammatory states, and the effects of the hemodialysis procedure itself. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for managing and mitigating the bleeding and thrombotic risks in this patient population. This review aims to systematically investigate the effects of hemodialysis on key hemostasis parameters in CKD patients.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1223</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bassam A. Hazae&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yetti Hernaningsih&lt;sup&gt;2,3,4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Puspa Wardhani&lt;sup&gt;2,3,4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatima Albadwi&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Nastasya Nunki&lt;sup&gt;1,7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory Medicine Study Interest, Master Program of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;²Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;⁴Postgraduate School of Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Master student, Biotechnology and Bioengineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Health, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adinny Julmiza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salman Umar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Alqamal Alianta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Activity of Pegagan Embun Extract (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) in Capsule Form to SGPT and SGOT Levels in Humans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1015-1020</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The study aimed to determine the activity of administering &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam. extract in capsule dosage on SGPT and SGOT levels in humans. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The participants involved 20 healthy volunteers aged 20-25 years who were divided into 2 groups with placebo as a comparison. The treatment groups were given capsules containing &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam. extract at a dose of 67 mg. The other group administered a placebo containing lactose for 3 days. SGPT and SGOT levels were measured before and after consuming the test capsules. The examination of SGPT and SGOT levels was carried out using a 5010 v5+ photometer. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; SGPT levels before the capsules were 28.79 U/L for the placebo and 28.59 U/L for the test preparation group. After administration of &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;Lam. extract capsules were 24.26 U/L and for placebo 32.86 U/L. At the same time, the measurement results of SGOT levels before being given the capsule were 17.37 U/L for the placebo and 17.71 U/L for the test preparation group. After administration of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract capsules, it was 14.56 U/L and 18.52 U/L for placebo. The study results show that Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract significantly decreases SGPT and SGOT levels in humans (p&amp;lt;0.5).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This result indicates that Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam extract is relatively non-toxic and safe for public use as an immunostimulant herbal medicine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1015</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afriwardi Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adinny Julmiza&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Salman Umar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aditya Alqamal Alianta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Socio-economic, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tia Maya Affrita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Yudianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syahroni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Chemical Eye Injury as Result of an Assault: Clinical and Forensic Approach</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical burns</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eye injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forensic medicine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1408-1410</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Chemical injuries represent a significant health concern, characterized by trauma inflicted by corrosive substances, including both acidic and alkaline agents. Chemical trauma to the eye is particularly critical due to its potential for high morbidity and irreversible blindness, necessitating immediate medical intervention. Understanding clinical aspect of chemical eye injury is crucial, as it not only impacts clinical outcomes but also informs forensic management strategies. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Case reports on chemical eye injury case causing by an assault. In-depth study about the case based on clinical aspect of the disease and its management in forensic. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Presented male; 56 years old suffered from chemical burns on both eyes causing by suspected acid liquid. The acid was poured on the victim by his biological son. Examination shows limbal ischemia was 270o accompanied by corneal erosion in the right eye. Visual acuity test shows a decrease in vision for both eyes. Litmus examination of the right eye showed a pH of 6 – 7. Case management involves collaboration between clinical management by the eye department and legal management correlated to the assault by the forensic department. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;In a case of chemical assaults to the eyes, clinical management and prognosis of the injury suffered by patient will determine the severity of injury. This in turn, will be one of the considerations for the judges to decide&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1408</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tia Maya Affrita*, Ahmad Yudianto, Syahroni&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Forensic Medicine and Medicolegal Studies, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Benti Etika</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desy Kurniawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melindra Mulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahni Darussalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okta Suryani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edi Nasra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nada frista</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adsorption of Metanil Yellow Using Flavonoid Extract from Longan Peel (Dimocarpus longan): Optimization of pH and Concentration</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adsorption</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Batch</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Longan Peel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metanil Yellow</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1315-1319</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Water pollution can come from industrial waste containing various toxic pollutants, one of which is dye. Hazardous dyes are stable and resistant to biodegradation due to their complex aromatic structure, so dyes need to be treated. Metanil Yellow is a dye that is harmful to aquatic life and the human body. One method that can be used is adsorption with the batch method because it has the advantage of low cost and simple processing. Flavonoid extracts have high potential to be used as biosorbents because they have hydroxyl and carbonyl groups. This study aims to determine the potential of flavonoid extracts to adsorb metanil yellow dye using optimum pH and solution concentration and to determine its absorption capacity. The results showed that the optimum pH obtained was at pH 2 and the optimum solution concentration was at 150 ppm with an absorption capacity of 9.22078 mg/g.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1315</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Benti Etika, Desy Kurniawati *, Melindra Mulia, Rahni Darussalam, Okta Suryani, Edi Nasra, Nada frista&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Negeri Padang, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arwa Ahmed Alyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasan Aldewachi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Ibrahim Aladul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulteration of Herbal Medicine and its Detection Methods</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulteration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">detection methods</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal medicines</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248-254</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;People are increasingly turning to the use of herbal medicines (HMs) due to the growing trend of embracing nature and concerns about the adverse effects of conventional treatments. HMs provide a sense of safety because they are natural and intended for long-term use. However, herbal medicines are also associated with adverse effects. Furthermore, the use of these medicines poses dangers associated with the deliberate inclusion of synthetic substances, the intentional or accidental substitution of plant species, or simply the risk of mislabeling. While reports of illegal synthetic or pharmaceutical substances being added often involve herbal weight-loss and weight gain preparations, aphrodisiacs, treatments for rheumatic and inflammatory diseases, antidiabetic medications, and antihypertensive preparations, it appears that the substitution of plant species occurs across various categories of herbal medicines. This narrative aims to review the types of adulteration in herbal medicine, the analytical techniques used for detecting adulteration. In conclusion, more studies on the adulteration of HMs are required to inform health authorities and limit the use of these substances. Therefore, it is necessary to coordinate and encourage regulatory policies on HMs on a worldwide scale. Relevant regulatory agencies all over the world must be proactive and keep enforcing the necessary safeguards to protect public health by ensuring that all herbal medications approved for sale are secure and of a high enough standard.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">248</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Arwa Ahmed Alyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasan Aldewachi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Ibrahim Aladul&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, 41002, IRAQ. 2College of Pharmacy, Ninevah University, Mosul, 41002, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mutiara Anissa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resti Rahmadika Akbar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rifkind Malik</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis Factor Contributed BDNF Level Serum in Schizophrenia Patients During Antipsychotic Treatment at Reksodiwiryo Army Hospital and Siti Rahmah Islamic Hospital Padang Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brain-derived neurtopic factor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">negative symptoms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">positive symptoms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">schizophrenia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355-359</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Schizophrenia is a debilitating and long-lasting psychiatric condition characterized by its severity. The main causes of this disorder are still complex and not fully understood. Schizophrenia is a serious and lifelong psychiatric condition, is estimated to affect around 1% of the population throughout their lifetime. This study aims to determine the contribution of serum Brain-derived neurotrophic (BDNF) levels in schizophrenia patients during antipsychotic treatment at Reksodiwiryo Army Hospital and Siti Rahmah Islamic Hospital, Padang, Indonesia. Duration of antipsychotic treament range 1 year to 10 years. The method used in this research was a random perspective approach and consecutive sampling for patients undergoing outpatient treatment at the Reksodiwiryo Army Hospital and Siti Rahmah Islamic Hospital, Padang City, Indonesia. The sample consisted of 43 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia through structured clinical interviews (mini ICD 10). The results obtained in this study were that of the 43 total patients observed, sociodemographics were found with women (51.2%) being more numerous than men (48.8%), the age of most patients encountered was in the age range of 36-25 years (28%) and duration of illness &amp;lt;5 years (34.9%) is smaller than &amp;gt;5 years (65%), for various treatments ranging from FGAs, SGAs and combination of FGAs and SGAs where the highest results were found in patients with SGAs treatment (37.2%). From the statistical analysis, the correlation between serum BDNF levels was insignificant with negative and positive symptoms.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mutiara Anissa&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Resti Rahmadika Akbar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rifkind Malik&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Baiturrahmah, Padang, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Baiturrahmah, Padang, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Baiturrahmah, Padang, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Yulyana Mulmaharani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aminuddin Syam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Executive and Legislative Behavior in Planning the Stunting Program in Maros District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Executive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Legislative</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural conditions</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strategy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">851-859</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Indonesia has quite a serious nutritional problem which is characterized by the large number of cases of malnutrition in children under five, as a result this problem has become the attention of the Indonesian government so that it has become a national protas called stunting, so it must be resolved in an integrated manner across sectors. Unfortunately, this problem has not been resolved so stunting cases are still very high, one of which is Maros district which has the eighth number of stunting cases based on SSGI data for 2022. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Qualitative research is carried out in natural settings to seek information from executive and legislative experience based on knowledge, attitudes, actions and interests. We used indepth interviews, assisted by interview guides, and reviewed the rules to answer the research objectives. The researchers carried out a review of the regulations in the form of basic reading of the recommendations and outreach carried out by the relevant government. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Interestingly, government planning uses new methods, namely bottom up, participatory and top down. The reason given by the executive is that this method is the most effective method in government organizations because planning is made based on the Maros district government budget calendar. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In analyzing the behavior of the Executive and the legislature, not all of them understand stunting program planning so their involvement is lacking and not all of them play an active role in the stunting program, even though they have an interest in improving the level of health in the people of Maros district by trying to achieve zero stunting for the sustainability of regional development in Maros district. &lt;strong&gt;Recommendation: &lt;/strong&gt;Continuing research on the theme of Analysis of Community Behavior towards the Implementation of Stunting Program Planning in Maros Regency, we suggest to the regional government to accelerate the realization of community welfare through improving human resource services and health levels, overcoming poverty.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">851</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andi Yulyana Mulmaharani&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aminuddin Syam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master of Public Health Program, University Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Health Administration and Policy, University Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Nutrition Science, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, University Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syiar Cakke. S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanuddin Ishak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Zulkifli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Factors Influencing the Willingness to Pay BPJS Kesehatan Contributions of Mandiri Participants in the Working Area of Bua Health Center, Luwu District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BPJS Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Income</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Independent Participants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Number of Family Members</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Willingness to Pay Contributions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">211-216</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The willingness to pay BPJS Health contributions regularly and on time every month for independent participants is the most important component to make it easier for independent participants to utilize health services. This research aims to analysis the factors that influence the willingness to pay BPJS Health contributions for independent participants in the Bua Health Center working area, Luwu Regency. The research was conducted in the working area of the Bua Health Center, Luwu Regency. The research design is&lt;em&gt;cross sectional study&lt;/em&gt;. The total sample was 340 independent BPJS Health participants using sampling techniques&lt;em&gt;Simple Random Sampling&lt;/em&gt;. Data were analyzed using tests&lt;em&gt;Chi-Square&lt;/em&gt;and Multiple Logistic Regression test. Test results&lt;em&gt;Chi-Square&lt;/em&gt;shows that there is a relationship between the number of family members (p=0,000), income (p=0,000), perception of the quality of health services (p=0,000), history of catastrophic illness (p=0,000), and ability to pay BPJS Health contributions (p= 0,000) with a willingness to pay BPJS Health contributions. Meanwhile, there is no relationship between knowledge (p=0,364) and willingness to pay BPJS Health contributions. The results of the Multiple Logistic Regression test show that number of family members (OR=69,893) is the factor that most influences the willingness to pay BPJS Health contributions. It is recommended that the BPJS Health consider a contribution payment system for independent participants who are required to pay contributions collectively which includes all family members in one family who are registered as independent BPJS Health participants, so that independent participants who have large family members are not burdened and are willing to pay BPJS contributions Health regularly and on time every month.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">211</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Syiar Cakke. S&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis2, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasanuddin Ishak&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Zulkifli&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3,5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amaliah Amriani AS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah, Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh. Yusri Abadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Al- Fajrin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Fraud Potential Control Based on Input and Process in Dadi Regional Hospital, Makassar City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Financing system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JKN</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevention of potential fraud</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">668-670</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The risk of large losses arising from acts of fraud (fraud) requires the government to issue Permenkes No. 16 of 2019 concerning the prevention and handling of fraud (fraud) and the imposition of administrative sanctions against fraud (fraud) in the implementation of the health insurance program. It's just that in its implementation, there are still a number of problems related to the inefficiency of Health BPJS services which ultimately indicate the occurrence of fraud. For this reason, efforts to prevent fraud are needed. This study aims to look at the input and process of fraud control at the Dadi Regional Special Hospital (RSKD) Makassar City. This study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive analysis method by selecting informants by purposive sampling. This research is seen from the input components and process components in the implementation of the National Health Insurance. The research results show that input components include policies, personnel and facilities. The process component includes driving factors and inhibiting factors for potential fraud. Factors driving the potential for fraud are differences in understanding between the verifier and the doctor in charge of the patient regarding the diagnosis, the lack of outreach about fraud prevention and the absence of a JKN anti-fraud team. Factors inhibiting potential fraud are the Implementation of Standard Operations, code of ethics, coordination between parties involved, Clinical Pathway and supervision from the SPI team (Internal Supervisory Team).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">668</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Alwy Arifin*, Amaliah Amriani AS, Darmawansyah, Amran Razak, Muh. Yusri Abadi, Muhammad Al- Fajrin&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widya Firly Novitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mia Ratwita Andarsini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betty Agustina Tambunan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Hepcidin and Interleukin-6 Levels among Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia Patients With and Without Alloimmunization/Autoimmunization</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibodies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepcidin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Interleukin-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transfusion-Dependent Thalassemia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60-66</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) necessitates regular transfusions, resulting in complications such as iron overload, hemolytic anemia, and the emergence of alloantibodies/ autoantibodies. This situation poses challenges in obtaining compatible transfusions. Excessive iron and chronic hemolysis impact the elevation of Interleukin-6 (IL-6), initiating an inflammatory process that triggers hepcidin formation and influences antibody development. This study aims to analyze disparities in IL-6 and hepcidin levels and establish the correlation between IL-6 and hepcidin in TDT patients with and without alloimmunization/autoimmunization.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Forty whole blood samples were collected from TDT patients with and without alloimmunization/autoimmunization, centrifuged, and the serum extracted, then stored in a refrigerator at -80°C. IL-6 and hepcidin levels were assessed using the ELISA method. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to evaluate differences in hepcidin and IL-6 levels between the two groups. In contrast, the Spearman Correlation test was utilized to analyze the correlation between hepcidin and IL-6 levels. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; IL-6 levels in the TDT group with alloimmunization/autoimmunization (3.64 pg/ mL) were significantly higher compared to the TDT group without alloimmunization/autoimmunization (1.41 pg/mL; p &amp;lt; 0.05). Hepcidin levels in the TDT group with alloimmunization/autoimmunization (2,950.6 pg/mL) were significantly higher compared to the TDT group without alloimmunization/autoimmunization (1,599.6 pg/mL; p &amp;lt; 0.05). The Spearman correlation test revealed a significant positive correlation between hepcidin and IL-6 levels in TDT patients with alloimmunization/autoimmunization (r = 0.764; p = 0.000). Additionally, a significant positive correlation was observed between hepcidin and IL-6 levels in TDT patients without alloimmunization/autoimmunization (r = 0.559; p = 0.010). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; IL-6 and hepcidin levels were elevated in TDT patients with alloimmunization/autoimmunization compared to those without. Interleukin-6 and hepcidin exhibited a positive correlation in both transfusion-dependent thalassemia groups.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">60</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Widya Firly Novitasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mia Ratwita Andarsini&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Betty Agustina Tambunan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialist Medicine Academic Program, Departement of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khadijatul Fatiyah Mubarak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Kardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasnawati Amqam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Implementation of the Prolanis-Diabetes Mellitus Chronic Disease Management Program in Majene Regency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BPJS Health and bureaucracy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cronis Disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prolanis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">644-649</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In the context of health maintenance for BPJS health participants who suffer from chronic diseases, PROLANIS is a proactive strategy and health care system that is implemented in an integrated way involving participants, health facilities, and BPJS health. In this work, a case study methodology is combined with a qualitative method. Content analysis was employed to analyze the data. Thirteen informants—four key informants and nine routine informants—were interviewed. The research on the communication between program implementers yielded positive results, the BPJS budget was allocated effectively, and the human resource numbers of the various health centers varied, but the facilities and infrastructure were more than sufficient, and the implementation skills were strong. Proceeding by current SOPs, the bureaucracy still needs improvement and regulation, and the BPJS incentives both reward and efficiently distribute money. Conclusion: Both Community Health Centers acknowledge that funding from BPJS is fairly good. Notifications and reminders of activities have been successfully implemented in the Diabetes Mellitus Chronic Disease Management Program (PROLANIS) policy, even though only those who are active and present are the same. Infrastructure and facilities are sufficient; however, there is room for improvement in the amount, quality, and integrity of human resources. Additionally, the appointment of bureaucracy requires attention, and it may be more effectively divided.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">644</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Khadijatul Fatiyah Mubarak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Kardi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasnawati Amqam&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate Student Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Chairman of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Head of the Study Program Bachelor of Public Health Faculty of Public Health Hasanuddin University Maka&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asriwati Amirah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asriwati Amirah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lusianah Samosir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Quality of Life Factors in HIV/AIDS Patients at Example Health Center</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV/AIDS.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">independence</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality of life</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">949-952</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;People with HIV / AIDS are vulnerable in living their lives. The presence of a viral load in him causes physical disorders due to the progressive influence of the body's immunity resulting in opportunistic infections with various symptoms that appear. As a result, a reaction appears to the emotional or psychological aspects of the sufferer due to the influence of the sufferer's physical disorders. The aim of the research is to analyze the effect of quality of life on HIV / AIDS patients at Teladan Community Health Centers in 2020 The research design is &lt;em&gt;an analytical survey&lt;/em&gt; with &lt;em&gt;a cross sectional approach. &lt;/em&gt;The population was 360 people with &lt;em&gt;a probability sampling technique&lt;/em&gt; of 78 people. Data analysis used univariate, bivariate with &lt;em&gt;chi-square&lt;/em&gt; test and multivariate with multivariable logistic regression test. The results of research using bivariate tests using &lt;em&gt;Chi-Square&lt;/em&gt; obtained a &lt;em&gt;p - value&lt;/em&gt; of 0.002 &amp;lt; 0.05, meaning that there is an influence of the level of independence of HIV/AIDS patients on the quality of life at the Teladan Medan Community Health Center in 2020. There is an influence of intellectual function on the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients. The &lt;em&gt;p - value&lt;/em&gt; obtained was 0.011&amp;lt;0.05. There was an influence of depression in sufferers on the quality of life of HIV/AIDS sufferers, the &lt;em&gt;p - value&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;obtained&lt;/em&gt; was 0.010&amp;lt;0.05. The factor that has the most influence on the quality of life of HIV/AIDS patients is the level of independence factor which has a value of Exp(B)/OR = 3.943, meaning that the level of independence of those experiencing dependency means they have a chance of having a weight quality of life that is 3.9 times higher than those who are independent. It is recommended to involve HIV/AIDS sufferers in every service related to the sufferer's treatment program and provide understanding to the family and community to help and interact with sufferers so that they do not feel ostracized.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">949</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asriwati Amirah&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Zuriati muhamad&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lusianah Samosir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Helvetia Health Institute Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;UPTD Teladan Community Health Center, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dewi Alya Anugrah Rizal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Yusran Amir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masni3</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vonni Polopadang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Determinants of Patient Loyalty in the Inpatient Installation at the General Hospital 'Aisyiyah St. Khadijah Pinrang District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patient Loyalty; Service Quality; Hospital Image; Moving Barriers; Residence Distance; Hospitalization.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">831-837</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Loyalty is repurchase behavior solely concerning the purchase of the same particular brand repeatedly. Patients who feel satisfied, can take repeated actions as repeated use of services in the future and tell others about the perceived service performance. This study aims to determine the determinants of loyalty of inpatient installation patients at 'Aisyiyah St. Khadijah General Hospital, Pinrang Regency. This research is included in the type of quantitative research by applying a cross sectional approach. The sample in this study were 90 inpatients obtained by &lt;em&gt;accidental sampling&lt;/em&gt; method. Data collection using a questionnaire. Data processing was carried out through the &lt;em&gt;Chi-Square &lt;/em&gt;test and the Logistic Regression test. The results of the &lt;em&gt;Chi-Square&lt;/em&gt; test show that there is an influence between service quality in terms of reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, physical evidence, hospital image, moving barriers, and distance of residence on the loyalty of inpatient installation patients at 'Aisyiyah St. Khadijah General Hospital, Pinrang Regency. The results of the Logistic Regression test show that the quality of service in terms of assurance with Exp (B) = 25.274 is the variable that has the most influence on the loyalty of inpatient installation patients at 'Aisyiyah St. Khadijah General Hospital Pinrang Regency.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">831</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dewi Alya Anugrah Rizal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Yusran Amir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Masni&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Vonni Polopadang&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Baramuli Health Sciences School, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhaedar Jafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthy Hidayanty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Natsir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Razak Thaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrakesumasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucy Widiasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Giving of Mp-Asi Through Food Based on Majene's Local Wisdom for Stunting Prevention</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food based Local</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MP-ASI</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting Prevention</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372-377</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Majene Society own tradition and knowledge typical in selecting, processing, and consuming food. Use food local can maintain diversity food and culture local. Food local has proven effective for growth baby optimally. &lt;strong&gt;Goals:&lt;/strong&gt; With do comprehensive analysis to provision of MP-ASI through foodbased wisdom local Majene, expected can an effective and sustainable stunting prevention program was developed.&lt;strong&gt; Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Method research used is study qualitative with design phenomenology. Informant in study This are 103 Baduta mothers who are exclusively breastfed, and live in rural districts Pamboang and District Tameroddo. Data analyzed use content analysis through N-Vivo 12 app. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Food tree chief in Tameroddo is rice red Because rice red become plant lots of fields found and easy grows in mountainous areas. Meanwhile in the Coastal Region Pamboang Still consistent with rice white or yams. Typical vegetables is leaf moringa, Langurru ', and Lallere '. Government Regency Majene push planting leaf moringa in each home easy get and help in increase continuity food, savings cost, and independence food in Majene. Besides That, leaf moringa of course known known as &quot; tree magic &quot; because mark high nutrition. Majene Society own access and consumption vegetables langngurru ' and lallere ' are just that found in the area mountains Tameroddo. Usually leaf This used as plant medicine, but in this area made as processed vegetables with add mango sour. Side dish typical Majene known with called &quot; Baupapi &quot;. Habit consumption child given Eat with Fish sauce is considered Already enough , even often this fish sauce considered as replacement vegetables , though very easy found various the main fish species in the coastal area Pamboang . Known Pineapple in local language Majene as “Pandeng” is easiest fruit found Because grow with flourish in the yards House citizen. Findings food local the has content test nutrition and recipe test so that can used as the proper MP-ASI menu for given to baby for optimal growth. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions and Suggestions:&lt;/strong&gt; Important For ensure that kids get too consumption of fish or other protein sources as well as nutrition from vegetables and sources food other. Order child get appropriate nutrition through provision of adequate MP-ASI. Recommended to nanny , power health and government regency Majene to encourage provision of local MP-ASI with still notice mark appropriate nutrition , MP -ASI module as research output This can used as guidelines Proper provision of MP-ASI .&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Evawati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhaedar Jafar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Healthy Hidayanty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Natsir&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Razak Thaha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Citrakesumasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lucy Widiasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program Student, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Nutrition Department, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Health Promotion, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Epidemiology, Public Health Faculty, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rivan Virlando Suryadinata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hertanto Wahyu Subagio</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khairuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmonoss</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febe Christianto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Impact of Muscle Mass Changes in Stroke Patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body Composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dr. Kariadi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muscle Mass</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stroke</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1359-1364</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Stroke has become an increasingly prevalent health issue every year. Malnutrition is one of the complications that arise in post-stroke patients. Reduced physical activity, intake disturbances, and comorbidities experienced by stroke patients can trigger malnutrition. Additionally, factors such as age, sex, Body Mass Index (BMI), and stroke type accelerate the onset of malnutrition. One of the signs of malnutrition in stroke patients is a change in body composition, characterized by muscle mass loss due to inflammatory responses and catabolic reactions, which lead to increased caloric needs in stroke patients. This study aims to investigate the changes in muscle mass in stroke patients at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital, Semarang, Central Java, Indonesia. This is an observational study with a cross sectional design conducted at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital from November 2023 to April 2024. The sample size was 49 patients diagnosed with stroke, receiving medical care on the first day at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital. This study evaluates factors such as age, sex, stroke type, BMI, smoking habits, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, hypertension, kidney disorders, and respiratory diseases, in relation to changes in fat-free mass, fat mass, visceral fat, and phase angle, to assess the correlation with muscle mass changes. Data analysis will be approached using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Partial Least Square (PLS). The results show that various risk factors affect body composition changes, contributing to muscle mass changes by up to 84.1%. In conclusion, the decline in muscle mass in stroke patients is influenced by various factors, in addition to reductions in visceral fat and phase angle, which indicate a tendency toward malnutrition risk.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1359</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rivan Virlando Suryadinata&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Hertanto Wahyu Subagio&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Khairuddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmonoss&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Febe Christianto&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Resident of Clinical Nutrition Specialist Program, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Nutrition Specialist Program, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Nutrition Department, Dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang, Central Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Surabaya, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suci Fajriani S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Yusran Amir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Syafar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Implementation of the Bpjs Kesehatan Chronic Diseases Management Program (Prolanis) in Biru Health Center, Bone Regency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BPJS Kesehatan.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic Disease Management Program (Prolanis)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Center</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">872-879</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Prolanis is a health service system that involves patients, primary health facilities and BPJS. Prolanis aims to maintain health and achieve an optimal quality of life in patients with chronic disease (hypertension and diabetes mellitus) through effective and efficient health services to prevent disease complications. This study aims to determine and analyze the implementation of Prolanis in the Biru Health Center of Bone Regency based on input, process, output, impact, and feedback. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The type of research used in this research is qualitative research, and data were collected through technical triangulation using in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation with key informants, main informants and supporting informants using purposive sampling techniques. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Research shows that in the input aspect, blood sugar strips used in health checks of prolanist participants are still limited, and there are no special facilities for prolanis. In terms of process, Biru Health Center has carried out all prolanist activities recommended by BPJS Kesehatan. However, some obstacles remain to these activities, such as prolanist participants who do not have Whats App, and laboratory HbA1c examinations every six months have not been carried out. In the output aspect, the achievement of the Biru Health Center RPPT has increased significantly from October 2023 to January 2024, although it decreased in November 2023. Regarding impact, BPJS Kesehatan, the Health Office, and Prolanis Participants are satisfied with implementing the prolanis at the Biru Health Center. Feedback from BPJS Kesehatan is available through the KBK monitoring and evaluation. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Implementing prolanists at Biru Health Center has gone well and as expected. However, the input aspect still needs to be improved so that the implementation of prolanists can run even better.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">872</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suci Fajriani S&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Yusran Amir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Syafar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suparno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ida Leida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Implementation of the Use of Hospital Management Information Systems (Simrs) in Hospitals Kindergarten IV Dr Sumantri Parepare</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reporting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SIMRS</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">888-894</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; TK Hospital management information system . IV DR Sumantri Parepare is not yet fully integrated and SIMRS must be developed to meet the criteria. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research aims to analyze the use of the Hospital Management Information System (SIMRS) at TK Hospital. IV DR. Sumantri Parepare, Parepare City. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The type of research used in this research is qualitative research and data collection using interviews, observation, documentation. With key informants and supporting informants using purposive sampling techniques. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The research results show that in terms of HR input the number of officers is sufficient and training has been given to officers regarding SIMRS, there are funds available, the availability of computers is not sufficient, SIMRS is not yet integrated , the infrastructure inadequate , inadequate implementation of SOPs and socialization Not yet done. The ability of medical records staff to use SIMRS is not optimal , there is incompleteness in filling out medical resumes and informed consent in SIMRS and reporting is carried out every month, quarterly and annually, but experiences delays. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Improvement efforts that can be made include disseminating information about the importance or benefits of SIMRS in backing up and searching for data that is entered routinely.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">888</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suparno&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ida Leida&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master's Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health,&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Nadia Nur Cahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Muhammad Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Influence of Leadership Style on Organizational Culture and Organizational Performance at RSUD H. Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Bulukumba District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Employee needs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leadership Style</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Culture</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organizational Performance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">671-678</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The success and failure of a hospital is influenced by a leader, Effective leadership impacts the progress of the hospital so that leadership style becomes one of the determining factors in the success of hospital performance. Leadership style is a norm of behavior used by a person when that person tries to influence the behavior of other people or subordinates. This research aims to determine the influence of leadership style on organizational culture and organizational performance at RSUD H.Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja, Bulukumba Regency, the type of research used is quantitative research. The sample in this study was 178 staff and health workers at H.Andi Sulthan Daeng Radja Regional Hospital Bulukumba Regency using a sampling technique.Accidental Sampling. The analysis method used is Path Analysis with SmartPLS software version 3.0. Based on the results of this research, it shows that there is a direct influence of leadership style on organizational culture p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (15.172), there is a direct influence of organizational culture on organizational performance with p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (7.815), there is a direct influence of leadership style on organizational performance with p value (0,038) with a t.statistic value (2.077), and there is an influence of leadership style on organizational performance through organizational culture with p value (0,000) with a t.statistic value (6.339). Therefore, there is a need for good appreciation and direction to overcome difficulties in carrying out duties and responsibilities for employees, as well as consideration for paying more attention to employee needs which are implemented in organizational culture to improve better performance.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">671</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andi Nadia Nur Cahyani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis2, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Muhammad Saleh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Try Ganjar Wati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Yusran Amir</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Inpatient Medical Records Management System at Sandi Karsa Hospital Makassar</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hospital</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inpatient</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Management</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medical Records</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">System</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">650-655</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Objectives: Management of medical records at Sandi Karsa Hospital Makassar is still lacking in the process of assembling, reporting, and filing. This study aims to analyze the inpatient medical record management system at Sandi Karsa Hospital, Makassar. Methods: The type of research used in this research is qualitative research and data collection using interviews, observation, and documentation with key informants and supporting informants using purposive sampling techniques. Result: There is a shortage of medical records officers, and they have not received training. There are fewer computers available, SIMRS is only integrated with patient registration, and the management room is combined with the filing room. The assembly process has not been carried out in the last few months, reporting has been delayed, and there is a backlog of files. Implementation of management SOPs has not been optimal, and socialization activities have not been carried out. Completeness and returns are not up to standard. Medical record quality indicators are low, and there are no feedback activities. Conclusion: Lack of staff they have never participated in training and socialization regarding SOPs. There is a lack of facilities such as computers, the medical record room has lots of files, SIMRS is not yet integrated with medical record management, and there are delays in returns and incomplete filling out of medical record files. The hospital can provide outreach and hold regularly scheduled meetings to evaluate or assess officers' performance managing medical records.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">650</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Try Ganjar Wati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Yusran Amir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahmatiah Yunus&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Atjo Wahyu&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master's Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Economics, Economics and Business, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urmila M Aswar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savita R. Nimse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad A. Thakurdesai</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Androgenic Efficacy and Mechanism of Glycosides-Based  Standardized Fenugreek Seeds Extract Through Aromatase And  5-Alpha Reductase Inhibition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Androgenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fenugreek extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sexual Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spermatogenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testosterone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09-19</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Fenugreek seeds glycosides content have many health benefits. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the androgenic efficacy and probable mechanism of glycosides-based standardized fenugreek seed extract (SFSE-G) in laboratory rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Male Wistar rats were administrated with 28-days of once-daily oral administration of SFSE-G (10 or 35 mg/kg) on sexual and orientational behavior with female rats, serum testosterone concentrations, weights of reproductive system-related organs (seminal vesicles, prostate, levator ani), nitric oxide level in penis homogenate, sperm count in the cauda epididymis, and testis histology were evaluated. Separate groups of rats with a positive control (testosterone propionate (10 mg/ kg, s.c. bi-weekly) and vehicle control (distilled water) were maintained. In addition, the safety of acute intravenous administration of SFSE-G (1 mg/kg) on cardiovascular function parameters was evaluated. Moreover, the inhibitory potential of SFSE-G against aromatase and 5-alpha-reductase enzymes was evaluated in vitro. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Subacute administration of SFSE-G (35 mg/kg, oral) to male rats showed androgenic efficacy in sexual behavior (increased mounting and intromission latency and rearing), with increased weights of seminal vehicles, prostate and levator ani muscles, serum testosterone levels, sperm count, and penile NO concentration, while preserving the normal architecture of the testes. Acute intravenous administration of SFSE-G to rats increased intracavernous pressure but retained normal cardiovascular parameters, such as blood pressure, heart rate, and corrected QT interval (QTc). SFSE-G showed significant inhibition of aromatase and 5-alpha-reductase in vitro. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; SFFE-G exhibited significant androgenic and spermatogenic efficacy, mediated through testosterone metabolism inhibition, without affecting the cardiovascular system in laboratory rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Urmila M Aswar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Savita R. Nimse&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasad A. Thakurdesai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Scientific affairs, Indus Biotech Limited, 1, Rahul Residency, Off Salunke Vihar Road, Kondhwa, Pune 411048, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahwan Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A.Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanuddin Ishak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Potential of Durian (Durio zibethinus murr.) Waste as an Alternative Disinfectant in Raw Drinking Water - A Literature Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255-262</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Efforts continue to be made to eliminate pathogenic bacteria in drinking water by using safer disinfection materials. The use of local plants as disinfection materials is highly desirable. The durian plant (Durio zibethinus) can be a very promising alternative as a natural disinfection agent to destroy pathogenic bacteria in drinking water. This narrative review comes from three online journal databases that provide free journal articles in PDF format, collected over the last ten years. The main keywords in conducting a literature review through online journals are &quot;Durian, Durio Zibethinus, antibacterial, disinfectant, drinking water&quot;. Of the 5,693 journals identified in the three databases, 21 studies remained that met the requirements for inclusion in this review. This included study illustrates that fruit rind, seed, and leaf extracts from the durian plant have antimicrobial properties. Durian plants have antibacterial active compounds such as phenolics, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins, flavonoids and triterpenoids. The antimicrobial potential tested using the diffusion and dilution method indicated that the presence of antimicrobial ingredients in the durian plant extraction was in the strong category. Some pathogenic bacteria in water that can be inhibited or killed are Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerugenosa, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphilococcus aureus, Shigella boydii and Salmonella Typhi. This shows that there is an opportunity for the durian plant to provide a solution and great hope as a safe and economical alternative disinfection material as a replacement for current disinfection materials. Index terms: Durian (Durio zibethinus), antibacterial, disinfectant, drinking water.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahwan Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, A.Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Stang Stang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasanuddin Ishak&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, School of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biostatistics and Demographics, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia Mavila Guzmán-Rodríguez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Melina Alfaro- Beltrán</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant, Anxiolytic, and Antioxidant Properties of Piper Aduncum Essential Oil from Northern Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper aduncum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1252-1258</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This investigation aimed to evaluate the antidepressant, anxiolytic, and antioxidant effects of &lt;em&gt;Piper aduncum&lt;/em&gt; essential oil from northern Peru. The essential oils were obtained through hydro-distillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus. The chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to assess the chemical composition. Behavioral assays in mice were used to evaluate the antidepressant and anxiolytic effects. In addition, the antioxidant capacity was performed through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The GC-MS analysis revealed that linalool (29.16%), bicyclogermacrene (13.32%), nerolidol (12.38%), and β-caryophyllene (10.76%) were the principal components. The results demonstrated significant antidepressant and anxiolytic effects comparable to fluoxetine and diazepam, with statistical differences between all groups (p&amp;lt;0.005). The IC50 values for the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays were 5.9±0.08, 0.20±0.06, and 109.5±1.3, respectively. Consequently, &lt;em&gt;Piper aduncum&lt;/em&gt; essential oil exhibits antidepressant and anxiolytic-like effects and modest antioxidant properties compared to the controls.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1252</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado- García&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto- Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Natalia Mavila Guzmán-Rodríguez&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Iris Melina Alfaro-Beltrán&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Grupo de investigación en Salud Mental y Medicina Integrativa, Escuela de Medicina, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Grupo de investigación de Productos Naturales y Sustancias Bioactivas. Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Psicología, Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nisa Naspiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retno Widyowati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigout Activity of Terap (Artocarpus odoratissimus Blanco) Leaves Extract: Leaves Characteristic and In Vitro Studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antigout Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artocarpus odoratissimus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macroscopic and Microscopic Analysis.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthine Oxidase Enzyme</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">764-769</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Terap leaves (&lt;em&gt;Artocarpus odoratissimus&lt;/em&gt; Blanco) contain various chemical constituents, making it a herbal medicine prospective source, particularly as an antigout. This research aim to determinate characteristics of terap leaves and in vitro antigout activity of terap leaves ethanolic extract. The determination leaves characteristics included macroscopic and microscopic analysis, water and ethanol soluble extract content, and drying shrinkage. The extract antigout activity was determinated through inhibition of xanthine oxidase enzyme &lt;em&gt;in vitro.&lt;/em&gt; Leaves characteristics analysis revealed that mature leaves are approximately 31.5 cm long and 18 cm wide. Terap leaves are single leaves, elliptical, blunt leaf tips, rounded bases, rough surfaces, undulating edges, pinnate veins, and yellow veins. Microscopic analysis reveals the presence of anomocytic-type stomata, trichomes, glandular hairs, resin ducts, and trachea. Terap leaves have a water-soluble extract content of 8.72%, ethanol-soluble extract content of 4.29%, and drying shrinkage of 11.38%. The antigout activity tests results indicates that ethanol extract inhibits xanthine oxidase enzyme with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 89.63 μg/mL. Terap leaves have antigout properties, so they have the potential to be developed into a quality antigout herbal medicine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">764</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nisa Naspiah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Retno Widyowati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy,&amp;nbsp;Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of&amp;nbsp;Pharmacognosy and Phytochemical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abd. Malik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selpida Handayani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iskandar Zulkarnain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amliati A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Lailatulqadri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mardatilla Mamas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Senna (Senna alexandrina MILL.) Leaf Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Senna leaf; Maceration; Phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1355-1358</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Senna leaf plant (Senna alexandrina Mill.) is empirically effective in treating several diseases. Senna leaves contain saponins, alkaloids, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, sesquiterpenes, tannins, and phytosterols. This study aims to assess Senna leaf extract's antioxidant activity, flavonoid, and phenolic content (Senna alexandrina Mill.) with various extraction methods and solvent variations.&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Read more . . .&amp;nbsp;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1355</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Abd. Malik&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Selpida Handayani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Iskandar Zulkarnain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amliati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Lailatulqadri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mardatilla Mamas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Magister of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awalia Awalia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rendra Mahardika Putra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiphospholipid Syndrome Patient with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiphospholipid syndrome</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Libman Sacks disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Libman Sacks endocarditis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lupus anticoagulant</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1431-1435</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by recurrent arterial and venous thrombosis, often associated with complications such as pregnancy morbidity. Libman-Sacks Endocarditis (LSE), a form of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis, is commonly observed in APS patients. This case report presents a 29-year-old Javanese woman with APS and Libman-Sacks Endocarditis. The patient, previously diagnosed with a transient ischemic attack, was admitted to Dr. Soetomo General Hospital with progressive shortness of breath, leg swelling, and abdominal distension. Initial investigations revealed thrombocytopenia, anemia, pleural effusion, cardiomegaly, and valve abnormalities. Despite anticoagulant therapy and supportive measures, the patient’s condition worsened, and she developed signs of heart failure and neurological deficits. Blood cultures remained negative, ruling out bacterial endocarditis. Imaging studies confirmed the presence of sterile vegetations on the mitral valve, a hallmark of LSE. The patient was diagnosed with primary APS based on clinical and laboratory findings, including positive lupus anticoagulant. After 28 days of hospitalization, she was discharged in stable condition but was re-admitted two days later with neurological decline. Despite aggressive management, including corticosteroids, diuretics, and anticoagulants, the patient suffered multiple complications, including seizures and possible thrombotic stroke and eventually passed away. This case underscores the diagnostic challenges and complexity in managing APS with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis, highlighting the need for early diagnosis and comprehensive treatment. The objective of this case report is to highlight the diagnostic challenges and management complexities of APS with Libman-Sacks Endocarditis, emphasizing the importance of early recognition and comprehensive treatment to mitigate associated morbidity and mortality. LSE remains a rare but severe manifestation of APS, with potential for thromboembolic events and significant morbidity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Case Report</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1431</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andy Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Awalia Awalia&lt;sup&gt;2,4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rendra Mahardika Putra&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Internal Medicine Resident, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Rheumatology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer of Cardiovascular Disease, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudi Mahruzar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Nyoman Ehrich Lister</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OK Yulizal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamzah Shatri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gusbakti Rusip</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety Levels, Cortisol, Blood Gluc Ose and Sodium Levels in Working Wives: Comparison Between Husbands Who Were Hospitalized and Husbands Who Were Not Hospitalized</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blood cortisol levels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blood glucose levels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blood sodium levels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HARS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">working wife</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">382-387</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;Anxiety affects balance and physiological changes in the body. The research aims to investigate the comparison of anxiety levels, blood cortisol levels, blood glucose levels and blood sodium levels between working wives of husbands who are hospitalized and working wives of husbands who are not hospitalized.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The research design uses statistical group comparison. The research subjects were 40 people divided into 2 groups, namely 20 subjects, working wives, husbands who were hospitalized, 20 subjects, working wives, husbands, who were not hospitalized. Data was collected using the HARS (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) questionnaire instrument, laboratory examination of blood cortisol levels, blood glucose levels and blood sodium levels. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Unpaired t test with a significant value of p &amp;lt; 0.05 if the data is normally distributed or Mann Whitney U Test with a significant value of p &amp;lt; 0.05 if the data is not normally distributed was carried out to analyze the comparison of anxiety levels, blood cortisol levels, sugar levels blood and blood sodium levels. Data processing with the help of statistical software. The results of the analysis showed that there were differences in anxiety levels (p&amp;lt;0.05), blood cortisol levels (p&amp;lt;0.05) and blood glucose levels (p&amp;lt;0.05) but there were no differences in blood sodium levels (p&amp;gt;0.05). between working wives whose husbands are hospitalized and working wives whose husbands are not hospitalized. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; blood cortisol levels and blood sugar levels in working wives of husbands who were hospitalized were higher than working wives of husbands who were not hospitalized and based on statistical tests, significant differences were found in HARS values, blood cortisol levels and blood sugar levels between the group of working wives whose husbands were hospitalized. hospitalized and the wife works, the husband is not hospitalized.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">382</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rudi Mahruzar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, I Nyoman Ehrich Lister&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, OK Yulizal&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamzah Shatri&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gusbakti Rusip&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Study Program in Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Inpatient Sciences, Prima Indonesia University, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Inpatient Sciences, Prima Indonesia University, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Inpatient Sciences, Prima Indonesia University, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ni Putu Ayu Reza Dhiyantari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dicky Hermawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurwasis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis of The Lens Epithelial Cells After Ultraviolet-B Exposure as a Proposed Pathogenesis of Senile Cataract: Literature Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">989-992</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Cataract shares a major burden causing half of the world's visual impairment and blindness. Ultraviolet light exposure has been associated with a higher incidence of cataracts. UV irradiation causes damage to the ocular tissue through protein crosslinking, enzyme dysfunction, ion pump inhibition, genetic mutation, and cell membrane disruption. Irreversible damage causes apoptosis to the lens epithelial cells, which is the main motor of lens homeostasis. Disturbance to the lens homeostasis will result in the loss of lens transparency and the development of cataracts. Understanding the pathophysiology of UV-induced cataract may bring to better approach to slower progression of the aging of the lens and formation of cataractous lenses.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">989</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ni Putu Ayu Reza Dhiyantari, Dicky Hermawan*, Nurwasis&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga/Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhlisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apik Indarty Moedjiono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizal Damanik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudirman Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intan Sari Areni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Application-based Reproductive Health Education on Reproductive Health Risk Behavior among Adolescents in Ternate City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolescents.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Application</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reproductive Health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risk Behavior</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">942-948</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The current era of digitalization is encouraging public health literacy to increase, especially among teenagers who are close to gadgets, so that the term e-health literacy is known, namely digital health literacy is defined as the ability to search, find and understand health information available in resources. electronically and use information obtained from these resources to overcome health problems. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the effectiveness of application-based reproductive health education to increase positive behavior of adolescents in Ternate City. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This research uses a Quasi-experimental method (Pre-post Control Design). The number of samples in this study was 300 teenagers aged 12- 15 years, in Ternate City. The measurement uses a questionnaire to measure knowledge, attitudes, actions, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and health literacy. The analysis used is the mean difference test, namely the Wilcoxon test and the Mann-Whitney test. Research &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The distribution of respondents based on age groups in the control group and in the intervention group was mostly in the 13 year age group, namely 119 people (79.3%) and 111 people (74.0%), the most common gender was female. The results of the analysis showed that there were no differences between the control and intervention groups before treatment, there were differences between the control and intervention groups after treatment, there were differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), and health literacy (0.007) (p value &amp;lt; 0.05). However, there is no difference for the variables Attitude, Subjective Norms, Behavioral Control. There are differences before and after treatment in the variables knowledge (p value = 0.000), attitude (p value = 0.000), action (p value = 0.000), subjective norms (p value = 0.000), behavioral control (p value = 0.000) and health literacy (p value = 0.000) (p value &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Application-based reproductive health education has a good impact in increasing positive behavior among teenagers in Ternate City, this is based on changes in knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control and health literacy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">942</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhlisa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Apik Indarty Moedjiono&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suriah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Rizal Damanik&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudirman Nasir&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Intan Sari Areni&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate student at Public Health Study Program, University of&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, University of&amp;nbsp;Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D of&amp;nbsp;Biostatistic and Population, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Health Promotion and Behavior Science, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Departement of Community Nutriton, Faculty of Human Ecology, IPB University, Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;sup&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Biostatistic and Population Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Ph.D of Health Promotion and Behavior Science Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Department of Electro Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Hasanuddin Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Professor of Enviromental Health, Faculty of Public Health, University of Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Issara Chummalee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pornpun Laovachirasuwan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Anti-tyrosinase, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Trigonostemon reidioides Extracts on Mouse Fibroblast (L929) Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antityrosinase activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trigonostemon reidioides (Kurz) Craib</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-306</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Trigonostemon reidioides (Kurz) Craib is a plant traditionally used for its whitening properties, although previous studies have reported some adverse effects associated with its use. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study were to investigate the antityrosinase activity, antioxidant activity, and toxicity on Mouse Fibroblast (L929) Cells of the T. reidioides extracts. The antityrosinase activity was determined using the dopachrome method, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. The cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results revealed that the ethanol extract exhibited strong antityrosinase activity, with an IC50 value of 5.38 μg/ml. Furthermore, Fraction 3 and Fraction 4, which were further separated from the ethanol extract, demonstrated high antioxidant activity, with IC50 values ranging from 1.65 to 2.10 μg/ml. The hexane extract, as well as Fraction 4 and Fraction 5, exhibited low toxicity, with IC50 values ranging from 11.82 to 40.12 μg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings indicate that Fraction 4 and Fraction 5 of T. reidioides possess potent antityrosinase and antioxidant activities, while displaying low cytotoxicity against the mouse fibroblast (L929) cell line. Therefore, Fraction 4 and Fraction 5 hold considerable potential for further development as skin whitening agents derived from T. reidioides extracts.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issara Chummalee, Methin Phadungkit, Pornpun Laovachirasuwan*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Mahasarakham Univeristy, Maha Sarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febriani Puspitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulus B. Notopuro</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association of Bcl-xL Expression with Blast Count, CD 34 and CD 7 Expression in Adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AML</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bcl-xL</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">blast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CD34</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CD7</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">460-465</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a hematological malignancy generally marked by the unregulated proliferation of myeloid series blast cells. The condition of hematologic malignancy is often associated with increased anti-apoptotic activity. One of the Bcl-2 protein families, Bcl-xL, has an important role in controlling apoptosis / programmed cell death in hematologic malignancies. This study, determined the correlations between anti-apoptotic activity from Bcl-xL expression analysis with the number of bone marrow blasts, CD34 activity as a marker of blast cells, and CD7 as an aberration marker are often found in AML patients.&lt;strong&gt; Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Analysis of the correlation between blast number, and expression of Bcl-xL, CD34, and CD7 in adult Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; An observational cross-sectional study was performed on 30 adult patients who have recently been diagnosed with Acute Myeloid Leukemia using bone marrow aspiration for examination of the number of blasts by a microscope. Examination of the expression of Bcl-xL, CD34, and CD7 was performed by BD FACSCalibur based on the measured Mean Fluorescence Intensity (MFI). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 30 AML patients had a range of blast count 20 - 82%, Bcl-xL expression with MFI 93.06 - 441.09, CD34 expression with MFI 1.06 - 1,452.48, CD7 expression with MFI 9.31 - 90.58. In this study, there was no significant correlation between Bcl-xL expression as an indicator of anti-apoptotic properties with blast count r = 0.118 (p = 0.534), CD34 expression r 0.225 (p = 0.231) and CD7 expression r = 0.148 ( p = 0.435). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Bcl-xL expression as an indicator of anti-apoptotic properties in adult AML patients had no correlations with the proliferation of blast cells in AML. This suggests that increased anti-apoptotic activity is not the primary mechanism in the pathogenesis of AML.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">460</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Febriani Puspitasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Paulus B. Notopuro&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialization Program, Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University – Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology – Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochamad Syahroni Fardiansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomy Lesmana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwin Danardono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denny Septarendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismu Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adhitya Angga Wardhana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Sugianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rena Normasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association of CRP, Procalcitonin, Lactate, and Albumin Levels with In-Hospital Mortality Post-Definitive Laparotomy in Patients with Complicated Intra-Abdominal Infections</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complicated intraabdominal infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damage control laparotomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammatory mediators</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805-808</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Complicated intra-abdominal infection (cIAI) still has a high mortality rate due to organ dysfunction despite advances in supportive care. Unlike other sources of septicemia, cIAI requires source control surgery, which is crucial for improving outcomes. The strategy for source control varies depending on the degree of inflammation associated with cIAI; the more severe the inflammation, the less aggressive the surgery needs to be. Therefore, we need a reliable parameter to predict the degree of inflammation before any physiological rearrangement or organ dysfunction occurs due to excessive inflammation from surgery. The literature shows that CRP, procalcitonin, lactate, and albumin are associated with the degree of inflammation. Thus, it’s necessary to study about mentioned parameters for being reference determination strategy of surgery in cIAI, classical definitive laparotomy, or rapid source control laparotomy (RSCL). &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We have collected data from CIAI patients at Dr. Soetomo Regional General Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, covering November 2022 to April 2024. Our primary focus is assessing the inflammation level associated with the compensated or decompensated phase. The decompensated phase signifies an excessive inflammatory response, with one indication being in-hospital mortality. Subsequently, we performed univariate and multivariate analyses using the SPSS program to determine which laboratory parameters (CRP, Procalcitonin, Lactate, and Albumin) are most associated with in-hospital mortality. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Between November 2022 and April 2024, there were 309 patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI). Among the patients, 61.8% were male and 38.2% were female. The majority of patients (27.17%) were aged 61-70. The causes of cIAI included perforated appendicitis (22.65%), perforated peptic ulcer (21.69%), complications from previous surgeries (18.13%), large bowel perforation (12.29%), small bowel perforation (11.33%), intraperitoneal abscess (11.33%), and other causes (2.58%). Statistically, lactate was found to be the most accurate predictor of intraoperative hemodynamic instability (p-value &amp;lt; 0.001; correlation coefficient of 0.481), followed by albumin (p-value &amp;lt; 0.001; correlation coefficient of 0.357). CRP and Procalcitonin were less accurate, with correlation coefficients of 0.182 and 0.272, respectively. The determined cut-off points for lactate and albumin were 1.94 and 2.73, for CRP and Procalcitonin were 23,24 and 47,95. Abnormal laboratory finding in our study mean CRP above cut off point, Procalcitonin above cut off point, lactate above cut off point and albumin below cut off point. More than 2 laboratories finding, in-hospital mortality 66,7%, 2 laboratory finding in-hospital mortality 42,8% and only 1 laboratory finding in-hospital mortality 28,4%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: CRP, Procalcitonin, Lactate and Albumin have relation statistically significant with in-hospital mortality. Lactate and albumin are better than CRP and procalcitonin in our study, and consider RSCL for more than 2 parameter abnormal laboratory findings CRP, procalcitonin, lactate or albumin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mochamad Syahroni Fardiansyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tomy Lesmana&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Edwin Danardono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Denny Septarendra&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismu Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Adhitya Angga Wardhana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Sugianto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rena Normasari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Trainee of Digestive Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Consultant of Digestive Surgery, Medical Faculty, Universitas Airlangga, Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Pathology Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty, Universitas Jember, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febri Kurniawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sony Wibisono Mudjanarko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soebagijo Adi Soelistijo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titong Sugihartono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Association of Triglyceride and Glucose Index with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatic steatosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NAFLD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TyG index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1077- 1080</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is significantly linked to obesity, insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes (T2DM). There isn't a single biomarker used to diagnose NAFLD. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Analyzing the association between triglyceride and glucose index (TyG) with NAFLD in T2DM. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the efficacy of TyG as a potential NAFLD biomarker. The study was conducted on 103 diabetes outpatient clinics at the Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital from August to October 2023. Sixty-seven subjects experienced steatosis, while those who did not experience steatosis were 36. The statistical analysis used in this study is binary logistic regression with p &amp;lt;0.05. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) analysis showed a TyG cut-off value of 9.334 (AUC = 0.660). Analysis of the risk of TyG on the incidence of steatosis was carried out using binary logistic regression. The results showed that TyG was a significant risk factor for steatosis. Patients with a TyG value above 9.334 risk developing steatosis 3.567 times greater than patients with a TyG value below 9.334 (OR 95% = 1.373 – 9.270, p = 0.009). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;A significant association between TyG and NAFLD in T2DM patients, which the TyG index may be a more effective, valuable, and uncomplicated measure for detecting and controlling NAFLD.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1077</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Febri Kurniawati&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sony Wibisono Mudjanarko&lt;sup&gt;3,4*&lt;/sup&gt;, Soebagijo Adi Soelistijo&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Titong Sugihartono&lt;sup&gt;3,5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Internal Medicine Subspecialty Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Gastroentero-Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Praf Nahlalogi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bramantono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atypical Manifestation of Oral Candidiasis in Patient with Aplastic Anemia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aplastic anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atypical presentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black oral thrush</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candida tropicalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral candidiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1149</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection predominantly caused by Candida species, which can manifest in immunocompromised individuals such as those with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia, characterized by bone marrow failure, significantly increases susceptibility to infections, with fungal infections being a leading cause of mortality. Oral candidiasis is one of the most common manifestations, and it typically presents as white pseudomembranes. However, atypical presentations can occur. We report a case of a 26-year-old male with aplastic anemia who presented with general weakness, fever, and painful swallowing. On examination, a blackish plaque was observed on his palate. Laboratory tests, including palatal tissue smear, histological examination, and culture, confirmed an infection of Candida tropicalis. This unusual blackish manifestation of oral candidiasis, resembling mucormycosis, has not been previously described in the literature. The patient was treated with intravenous fluconazole, leading to complete resolution of the oral lesions within 11 days. Through this case, we underscore the importance of recognizing atypical presentations of common infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients, and highlight the need for thorough diagnostic evaluation to guide appropriate antifungal therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Praf Nahlalogi&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bramantono&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Tropical and Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apia Unmehopa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accessibility of Mother and Child Health Services to Stunting Incidence in Leti Island, Southwest Maluku District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Growth.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mother</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toddlers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">856-860</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;One of the nutritional problems that can worsen the quality of life of children in achieving growth and development is stunting. Stunting receives greater attention than other nutritional statuses because in addition to a higher prevalence it can also indicate something more serious than just short body size. This type of research is a quantitative study that uses analytic observational with a case control study design to see the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling with a total sample of 164 people, 82 people in the case group and 82 people in the control group. The results of this study indicate that there is an effect between exclusive breastfeeding and health services on the incidence of stunting, while for the basic immunization variable there is no effect on the incidence of stunting. Meanwhile, based on the multivariate test, it was found that the variable that had the most influence on the incidence of stunting was health services. As for suggestions for this research, it is hoped that the Health Service will further improve health services to monitor the growth of toddlers and for mothers of toddlers to visit health services regularly.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">856</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Apia Unmehopa&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Stang&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Population Biostatistics and Family Planning, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aisyah Aisyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmad Abdillah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Alqamal Alianta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activity of Moringa Oleifera Lam on Liver Function and Histology in White Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alanine aminotransferase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histology.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subacute toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">913-920</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Moringa oleifera Lam has many pharmacological activities, such as immunostimulants. Aim: This study aims to determine the safety profile of repeated use and routine use of Moringa oleifera Lam on liver function and histology. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This study used 36 male white rats as test animals. Moringa leaves were administered orally as standardised ethanol extract at doses of 7, 21, and 140 mg/kg BW for 21 days. The liver function observed was the activity of the ALT enzyme. On days 8, 15, and 22, three animals from each group had their blood collected through the orbital sinuses of the eyes and sacrificed to excise the livers. The parameters observed were ALT enzyme activity, liver ratio value, and histological damage of liver tissue. The two-way ANOVA was used to analyse the data of ALT enzyme activity and organ ratio values, followed by DMRT. In contrast, descriptive analysis was used to describe liver histological damage. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Test animals had no toxic symptoms or sudden death during the study. The results showed that ALT enzyme activity was significantly affected by the dose and duration of administration of the ethanol extract of Moringa leaves (p&amp;lt;0.05). However, on the organ ratio values, there were no significant effects of dose (p&amp;gt;0.05), but significantly affected by duration of administration (p&amp;lt;0.05). The liver histological descriptive analysis showed histological differences between the control and treatment groups. The 7 mg/kg BW and 21 mg/kg BW showed liver tissue with average to minimal damage. However, the dose groups at 140 mg/kg BW for 14 and 21 days showed changes in liver histology, although only minimal to mild impairment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: It concluded that the administration of extract of Moringa oleifera Lam did not cause severe damage to the liver of white male rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">913</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;*,1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aisyah Aisyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahmad Abdillah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aditya Alqamal Alianta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology,, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Socio-economic, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adinny Julmiza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salman Umar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) Extracts in Capsule Dosage Form to IgM and IgG Levels in Humans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ELISA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IgG</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IgM</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volunteers.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">756-760</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Traditionally, Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes&lt;/em&gt; Lam.) has been used to enhance the immune system. Previous studies confirmed that &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes&lt;/em&gt; Lam. enhanced antibody titers and was practically non-toxic by animal tests. This study aimed to determine the effect of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract on IgM and IgG levels in humans. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The participants involved 20 healthy volunteers aged 20-25 years were divided into two groups with a placebo as a comparison. The capsules containing &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes &lt;/em&gt;Lam extract were in the treatment group at a dose of 67 mg and the placebo group was given capsules containing lactose orally for three days. IgM and IgG levels were measured before and after consuming the capsules. The ELISA method tested IgM and IgG levels and detected them using specific antibodies that form complexes with enzymes and substrates. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The results showed the average baseline IgM level of 1.480 mg/mL and after consumption of 1.405 mg/mL for placebo. For&lt;em&gt; Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes&lt;/em&gt; Lam. extract capsules, the baseline was 1.492 mg/mL and 1.854 mg/mL after consumption. For IgG, before given 8.941 mg/mL and after given 8.710 mg/mL for placebo, while before given &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes &lt;/em&gt;Lam. extract capsules 8.946 mg/mL and after given Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes Lam. extract capsules was 10.234 mg/mL. Statistical results showed a significant increase in IgM and IgG levels after consuming Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes Lam. extract capsules for three days (p&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: It can be concluded that 67 mg of &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpiodes&lt;/em&gt; Lam. extract capsules can increase IgM and IgG levels in humans.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">756</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afriwardi Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adinny Julmiza&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Salman Umar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jane Wanja Mbiri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenneth Ogila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Kisangau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michael Gicheru</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Sub-acute Oral Toxicity Profile of Root Bark Methanol Extract of Carissa Edulis Vahl</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Body weights</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hematological parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organ weights.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253-258</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Carissa edulis is widely used in traditional medicine to manage numerous ailments. However, few studies have assessed its toxicity. Therefore, this study aimed to determine acute and sub-toxicity levels of&lt;em&gt; C. edulis &lt;/em&gt;methanol extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the acute toxicity probe, a limit test was conducted whereby the extract was given as a solo dose by gavage. The rats were observed for two weeks. The observations included mortality and changes in the general appearance and behavior of the experimental animals. The body weights of the rats were taken weekly. For the sub-acute toxicity probe, the rats received the extract daily at dosages 300, 520, and 900 mg/kg by gavage for 28 days. Body weights were also taken weekly. On day twenty-nine, the weights of the rats were taken, the rats were sacrificed, and blood was collected for biochemical and hematological analysis. Body organs were harvested, and their weights were taken. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the acute toxicity probe showed that the extract didn’t cause mortality or toxicity signs throughout the study duration. The LD50 of the extract was therefore deemed to be above 2,000 mg/kg. The sub-acute toxicity probe results demonstrated that the extract, at all the tested dosages, didn’t cause mortality or affect the rats’ organ weights, body weights, or hematological and biochemical parameters throughout the study duration. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions&lt;/strong&gt;: In conclusion, the methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;C. edulis&lt;/em&gt; is not toxic since it didn’t cause mortality or toxicity signs in both acute and sub-acute toxicity probes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jane Wanja Mbiri&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kenneth Ogila&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Kisangau&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Michael Gicheru&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology, Department of Zoology, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;South Eastern Kenya University, Department of Life Sciences, P.O Box 170-90200, Kitui, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Kenyatta University, Department of Zoology, P.O. Box 43844-00100, Nairobi, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bambang Dwicahya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Arsunan Arsin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasanuddin Ishak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Firdaus Hamid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aedes Sp. Mosquito Resistance and the Effectiveness of Biolarvicides on Dengue Vector Mortality</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aedes sp mosquito</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biolarvicides.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengue fever</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insecticide resistance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">541-546</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Until now, dengue fever is still a public health problem in Indonesia. To control mosquito vectors, various strategic approaches have been promoted such as chemical control, biological control, resource reduction and public education. The four main classes that are widely used for mosquito control are organochlorines, organophosphates, pyrethroids and carbamates. A literature study was conducted to determine the extent of&lt;em&gt; Aedes aegypti&lt;/em&gt; resistance to several insecticides in several countries including Indonesia. This study also reviewed the effectiveness of biolarvicides on the mortality of &lt;em&gt;Aedes &lt;/em&gt;sp. All research that has been done in the last 10 years is included in this topic. In Brazil, Sri Lanka, China and Peru, there have been reports of resistance to &lt;em&gt;Aedes &lt;/em&gt;sp. against delthamethrin, pyrethroid and temephos insecticides. Meanwhile in Indonesia (Semarang, Surabaya, Banten, DKI Jakarta, North Sumatra, Jambi, Bandung, Bogor, Makassar and Palu),&lt;em&gt; Aedes &lt;/em&gt;sp. resistance occurs to insecticides of the pyrethroid, temephos, malathion, cypermethrin, and permethrin groups. Continuous monitoring of mosquito vector resistance status is very important in the effectiveness of dengue fever control. In addition, research on plants that can be used as biolarvicides is very useful for alternative control and improving public health. This review also provides better insight into the effectiveness of laboratory-tested plants as larvicides and plans for further research to be applicable to the community.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">541</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bambang Dwicahya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Arsunan Arsin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hasanuddin Ishak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Firdaus Hamid&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of public health, University of Tompotika, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of public health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of medicine, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Martohap Parotua Lumbanraja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusnandar Anggadiredja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hubbi Nashrullah Muhammad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neng Fisheri Kurniati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloids from Pandanus amaryllifolius Roxb Leaf as Promising Candidates for Antidyslipidemic Agents: An in silico study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyslipidemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pandan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pandanus amaryllifolius</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106-111</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant &lt;em&gt;Pandanus amaryllifolius &lt;/em&gt;Roxb (pandan), has been shown to have antidyslipidemic potency. This study explored the potential of several alkaloids from pandan leaf as antidyslipidemia as well as their safety profile &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Analyses were carried out by studying the binding affinity of the alkaloids to 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, peroxisome proliferator activator receptor (PPAR) alpha and Niemann Pick C1 Like 1 (NPC1L1). The structures of the alkaloids were downloaded from the Pubchem database and optimized using the ChemDraw Professional 16.0 to obtain 3D structures in protein data bank (PDB) format. The&lt;em&gt; in silico &lt;/em&gt;testing was based on the interactions of the alkaloids with the HMG-CoA reductase (PDB ID 1HW9), PPAR alpha (PDB ID 6LX4) and NPC1L1 (PDB ID 7DFZ) proteins, downloaded from the Research Collaboratory for Structural Bioinformatics (RSCB) PDB website (http://www.rcsb.org/pdb). The preparation of protein structures was performed using the Discovery studio 2021 client and Gromacs applications, while optimization of the 3D structure of the alkaloids was carried out with the ChemDraw professional 16.0. Finally, validation was completed using AutoDock application. The safety profile was assessed by pkCSM online tool.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The respective root mean square deviation (RMSD) values of the 1HW9, 6LX4 and 7DFZ proteins were 1.677, 0.918 and 1.706, respectively. The alkaloids pandanusine B, pandamarilactonine A, pandamarilactonine B had respective values of binding energy for HMG-CoA of -5.52, -5.51 and -5.46 kcal/mol. The binding energy of pandamarilactonine B, pandamarilactonine A and pandanamine for PPAR alpha were -9.14, -9.10 and -8.48 kcal/mol, respectively, with the corresponding energy for t NPC1L1 of -9.63, -9.71 and -8.54 kcal/mol. The toxicity tests indicated that the alkaloids were safe, pandamarilactonines had the highest LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (2.736 mol/ kg). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The studied pandan alkaloids have potential antidyslipidemic activity by interacting with HMG-CoA reductase, PPAR alpha, and NPC1L1, with good safety profile.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Martohap Parotua Lumbanraja, Kusnandar Anggadiredja*, Hubbi Nashrullah Muhammad, Neng Fisheri Kurniati&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renny Aditya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Santoso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widjiati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alteration of IL-6, BMP-15 and GDF-9 Levels on PCOS Rat Models  After Treated with Syzygium Polyanthum (Wight) Walp Leaves Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BMP-15</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GDF-9</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IL-6</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzygium polyanthum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1084-1090</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a global health concern for women in reproductive age women. Numerous studies have been reported an association between chronic inflammation and alteration of cytokine in women with PCOS. &lt;em&gt;Syzygium polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt;) contains antioxidants and has antiinflammation activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to measure the alteration of IL-6, BMP-15, and GDF-9 in rat PCOS model after treated with &lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The female Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n = 5), K0 (normal control), K1 (PCOS group), and three treatment groups which received three different doses of&lt;em&gt; S. polyanthum &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract. The treatment group consisted of PCOS rat models with &lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract supplementation of 150 mg/KgBW (P1), 300 mg/KgBW (P2), and 450 mg/KgBW (P3). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; IL-6 expression was highest in K1 (4,690 ± 0.099) and lowest in the P3 treatment, namely (2,370 ± 0.105). The expression of BMP-15 and GDF-9 was lowest at K1 (2.554 ± 0.04; 4.502 ± 0.050) and highest at P3, namely (2.265 ± 0.072; 4.736±0.074). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract was significantly effective in decreasing IL-6 expressions, as well as a significant increase in BMP-15 and GDF-9 expressions in the PCOS rat model.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1084</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Renny Aditya&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Santoso&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Widjiati&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Lambung Mangkurat, Banjarmasin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faradila Kilkoda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atjo Wahyu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Daud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis Factors Affecting the Utilization of Antiretroviral Treatment Services in HIV Patients in Ambon City Puskesmas</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AIDS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ARV</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puskesmas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Utilization</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">424-428</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) is a collection of symptoms that arise due to decreased immunity caused by HIV infection. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is a type of virus that infects white blood cells which causes a decrease in human immunity. Efforts are being made at this time for people with HIV namely Antiretroviral treatment (ARV). This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the utilization of ARV treatment services in HIV patients at the Ambon City Health Center. This type of research is a quantitative analytic study with a cross sectional design. Respondents in this study were obtained using the Isaac and Michael method of 156 HIV patients from the Waihaong Health Center and Karpan Health Center in Ambon City using a questionnaire. Data processing was carried out using SPSS and for data analysis using statistical tests using descriptive statistical tests, comparative analysis tests and multivariate analysis tests. The results showed that there was no effect of knowledge on the use of ARV treatment in HIV patients at the Ambon City Health Center. Furthermore, there is an influence on the patient's actions, access distance, and peer and community support on the use of ARV treatment in HIV patients at the Ambon City Health Center. The action variable and access distance are the variables that have the strongest influence compared to the other variables.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">424</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Faradila Kilkoda&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Atjo Wahyu&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Daud&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Students of the Postgraduate Study Program in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hartono Kahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sari Prabandari Prasetyaningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Munawaroh Fitriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aryati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jusak Nugraha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Covid-19 Neutralizing Antibody Levels Post Vaccination using Ichroma™ and iFlash Covid-19 Nab</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ichroma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iFlash.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neutralizing Antibody</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171-174</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; One of the efforts to control SARS-CoV-2 infection in health workers is vaccination. In this study, the levels of SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibody (nAb) in health workers were measured with Ichroma and iFlash. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study applied an observational analytic design with a prospective cohort and was conducted at Dr. Soetomo Regional Public Hospital, Surabaya, from January to November 2021. The population of this study included a total of 75 health workers after taking the second dose of the SARS-CoV-2 (Sinovac) vaccine. The Covid-19 NAb levels of the population were tested with Ichroma and iFlash on day 0 before vaccination, as well as days 14 and 28, and months 3 and 6 after vaccination. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Friedman test indicated a significant difference in NAb levels according to the iFlash test on day 14, day 28, month 3, and month 6 compared to those before vaccination (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The Wilcoxon test revealed a significant difference in NAb levels on day 14, day 28, month 3, and month 6. The results of the Cochran test showed a significant difference in the positivity of NAb according to the Ichroma test on day 14, day 28, month 3, and month 6 compared to those before vaccination (p &amp;lt; 0.05). McNemar's test demonstrated that the COI at month 3 was not significantly different from that before vaccination; The COI at month 6 was not significantly different from those at days 14 and 28. The results of the Pearson correlation test and Bland–Altman plot indicated a moderate correlation between Ichroma and iFlash (r = 0.592, p = 0.002).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Neutralizing antibodies for Covid-19 were formed after day 14 and started to increase on day 28 and started to decrease in months 3 and 6. The levels of NAb for Covid-19 were measured with Ichroma and iFlash in roughly the same pattern and had a moderate positive correlation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">171</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hartono Kahar&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sari Prabandari Prasetyaningrum&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Munawaroh Fitriah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aryati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jusak Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory Instalation, Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Pathology Specialization Program, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teguh Triyono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsaniatul Afifah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Usi Sukorini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Deferred Blood Donor Candidates at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Donors rejected</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemoglobin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Transfusion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333-337</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The selection of blood donor candidates contributes to the safety of donors and donor recipients. An understanding of the characteristics, demographic characteristics, and types of potential blood donors are essential to obtain an accurate picture of the donor donors, thereby guiding recruitment strategies and providing benchmarks to assess the success of blood donation. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This scientific work aims to analyze the deferred blood donor candidates annually based on the required blood donor characteristics at the Blood Transfusion Unit (BTU) of Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta, Indonesia, from 2017 to 2019.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This observational analytic study applied a retrospective design and was conducted at Dr. Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. The data were collected from the donor registration information system and database in the blood request system for the 2017-2019 period. The statistical analysis was conducted using the Chi-Square test in the SPSS version 22. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The deferred blood donor candidates in 2017-2019 amounted to 618 (0.82%) out of 75,067 total blood donors, most of whom were female, reaching an annual percentage of 50.7% in 2017, 50.9% in 2018, and 59.1% in 2019. The age range of both male and female deferred blood donor candidates was 17-30 years. The Hb levels of &amp;lt; 12.5 g/dL were mostly found in female blood donors, reaching a peak of 82.4% in 2017, 83.9% in 2018, and 85.4.6% in 2019. Voluntary blood donors accounted for 94.7% (in 2017), 98.6% (in 2018), and 100% (in 2019) of the female deferred blood donor candidates. All analytical tests resulted in a p-value of &amp;lt; 0.0001. Most of the deferred blood donor candidates had blood type O with a p = 0.026. The most common cause of deferral was high or low Hb levels in female blood donors with an age range of 17-30 years. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The deferred blood donor candidates in 2017-2019 amounted to 618 (0.82%) out of 75,067 total blood donors, most of whom were female with the most common deferral reason of Hb levels &amp;lt; 12.5 g/dL in the age range of 17-30 years.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Teguh Triyono&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tsaniatul Afifah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Usi Sukorini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Specialist Education Program (PPDS) of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josina Hattu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsiar S Russeng</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Determinants of Midwife Performance in Antenatal Care Services in Allang Care Health Centers Central Maluku District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antenatal Care</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Child health.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Center</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pregnant women</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">547-552</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Antenatal care (ANC) is an important part of health care for pregnant women. Several studies conducted in high-income countries have shown that antenatal care can improve the care experience and health outcomes for pregnant women and newborns. This study aims to analyze the performance determinants of midwives in antenatal care services at the Allang Nursing Health Center, Central Maluku Regency. This type of research is a quantitative study with a cross sectional study approach. Respondents in this study were obtained by taking the entire population of 23 people using a questionnaire. Data processing was carried out using SPSS and for data analysis using statistical tests using univariate analysis tests, bivariate analysis tests and multivariate analysis tests. The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between age, employee status and years of service to the performance of midwives in ANC services at the Allang Health Center, Central Maluku Regency and there is no relationship between knowledge and attitudes towards the performance of midwives in ANC services at Allang Health Center, Central Maluku Regency. Suggestions from this study are for the Office of Health and Midwives in Central Maluku District Provide policies in managing human resources for midwives with non-permanent employee status, with incentive arrangements that can improve performance in ANC services and carry out Antenatal care services with full sense of responsibility and seriously bearing in mind that the services provided are related to the scope of the Maternal and Child Health program to be achieved.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">547</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Josina Hattu&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsiar S Russeng&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate program of of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukmawati Rumakur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Furqaan Naiem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh. Yusri Abadi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Factors Affecting Exclusive Breast Milk in The Work Area of Waru Puskesmas East Seram Regency</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exclusive breastfeeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Infants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puskesmas.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">846-850</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;At present exclusive breastfeeding is decreasing, the causes of the decline in exclusive breastfeeding are factors of lack of knowledge, social culture, awareness of the importance of breastfeeding, health services, health workers who have not fully supported, and the incessant promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. The low percentage of breastfeeding is probably due to the many factors that cause breastfeeding failure, both internal factors (mother's knowledge, mother's education, mother's occupation, and mother's disease) and external factors (promotional infant formula, birth attendants) which cause failure in breastfeeding for 6 months. This study aims to determine the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding to infants in the work area of the Waru Health Center, East Seram District. This type of research is quantitative research with an analytic observational design with a cross-sectional study to see the effect of the independent variables on the dependent variable and observations at the same time. The sampling technique in this study was simple random sampling with a total sample of 81 mothers. The results of this study indicate that there is an influence between employment status and the support of health workers with exclusive breastfeeding, while for the variables of maternal pregnancy distance and knowledge, there is no effect with exclusive breastfeeding. Suggestions for health workers are to improve communication, information, and education. The advice for breastfeeding mothers is to further increase knowledge related to lactation and family support is needed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">846</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sukmawati Rumakur&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Furqaan Naiem&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suriah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh. Yusri Abadi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Students of the Postgraduate Study Program in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion and Behavioral Sciences, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magdalena Akse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsuar Manyullei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Factors Affecting the Behavior of Exclusive Breastfeeding in the Work Area of Werwaru Puskesmas Moa Lakor District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exclusive breastfeeding</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health centers.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toddlers</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">829-832</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Exclusive breastfeeding is not only the best food for babies, but is important for the health of breastfeeding mothers and provides optimal growth for babies. Exclusive breastfeeding for babies aged 0 to 6 months and continued until the child is 2 years old can encourage healthy growth and development. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence exclusive breastfeeding behavior in the working area of the Werwaru Health Center, Moa Lakor District. This type of research is a quantitative analytic study with a cross sectional design. Respondents in this study were obtained using the proportional sampling method as many as 73 toddlers aged 6-24 months from the Werwaru Health Center, Moa Lakor District, which consisted of 6 villages (Werwaru, Klis, Pakty, Upyour, Syota, and Comfort) using a questionnaire and measuring instruments. anthropometry. Data processing was carried out using SPSS and for data analysis using statistical tests using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analysis tests. The results showed that internal factors that had an effect partially were knowledge while simultaneously namely perceptions of exclusive breastfeeding behavior in the Working Area of the Werwaru Health Center, Moa Lakor District. Meanwhile, external factors that have a partial effect are work and those that have a simultaneous effect are the support of the closest people to the behavior of exclusive breastfeeding in the Working Area of the Werwaru Health Center, Moa Lakor District. Suggestions for the government of Southwest Maluku Regency through the Werwaru Health Center, Moa Lakor District, to be able to improve the exclusive breastfeeding program by disseminating information on the benefits of exclusive breastfeeding in the morning for pregnant and lactating women so that mothers' knowledge increases.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">829</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Magdalena Akse&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsuar Manyullei&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Students of the Postgraduate Study Program in Public Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apik Indarty Moedjiono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Healthy Hidayanty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Knowledge and Skills of Cadres in Early Detection of Stunting Toddler Development in Soppeng Regency, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cadre</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development Disorders</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Questionnaire.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survey</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">833-838</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; About 16% of Indonesian toddlers experience neuro developmental and brain disorders ranging from mild to severe, every two days 1,000 babies experience motor development disorders. The prevalence of stunting in South Sulawesi is in the 20th lowest ranking, namely 27.4% based on the provincial level in 2021. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Recognizing the increased knowledge and skill of cadre and mothers and toddlers in early development detection of stunted infants using a Developmental Pre-Screening Questionnaire (DPQ) in the working area of the Panincong Health Center, Soppeng Regency. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pretest-posttest control group involving 30 cadres and 30 mothers with 15 children in each group selected by systematic random sampling. Data were analyzed using paired t-tests and Independent t-tests. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The results showed that there were differences in knowledge (p=0.000) in the intervention group and differences in knowledge levels in the control group (p=0.044). The level of knowledge after treatment was greater in the intervention group (11.8%), while the knowledge after treatment in the control group was only (2.9%). There was a difference in the skills of the cadres (p=0.000) after being given the Android-based DPQ intervention. There was a difference in the knowledge (p=0.000) and skills of toddler mothers (p=0.000) after being given the Android-based DPQ intervention applied by the cadres. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Android-based DPQ is effective as an educational medium and as an alternative to cadres and parents in monitoring or early detection of child development using Android-based DPQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">833</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hasriani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Masni&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Apik Indarty Moedjiono&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Healthy Hidayanty&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate Student, Department of Reproduction Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Reproduction Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hatthapan Wipanso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhanubong Bongcheewin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suppachai Tiyaworanant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suksalin Booranasubkajorn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natchagorn Lumlerdkij</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pravit Akarasereenont</style></author></authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pemika Siriboonsong</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An Analysis of Local Knowledge of Phit-Samdaeng in Yang Sisurat District, Maha Sarakham Province and The Medicinal Plants Used to Relieve Its Symptoms</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Folk knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phit-Samdaeng.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">259-265</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; “&lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt;” is a Thai term often used to refer to an illness of eating unsuitable foods. However, its use in a diagnosis is limited due to the unclear definition and description. This study aimed to compare knowledge of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; symptoms and treatments in Northeastern folk medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine, and medicinal plants in the Yang Sisurat District of Thailand. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Semistructured interviews and participatory observations were used to collect data from 12 folk healers. Questions were designed to obtain local knowledge of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; and medicinal plants. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparison and interpretation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Some symptoms of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; in the nine scriptures of Thai Traditional Medicine, &lt;em&gt;Tumraya Silajaruek Watprachethupon&lt;/em&gt;, and of &lt;em&gt;Kin-Phit&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Phit-Kaboon&lt;/em&gt;, in &lt;em&gt;Tamraya Boran Isan&lt;/em&gt;, were similar in &lt;em&gt;Yang Sisurat.&lt;/em&gt; However, the names were different. There were also differences in species and the recipes of herbal remedies among folk healers and in the textbooks. The most used plants to treat &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng &lt;/em&gt;by folk healers were&lt;em&gt; Clerodendrum paniculatum &lt;/em&gt;L. and C&lt;em&gt;lausena wallichii Oliv.&lt;/em&gt; var. &lt;em&gt;guillauminii &lt;/em&gt;(Tanaka) Molino. Only nine species had pharmacological effects relating to &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng&lt;/em&gt; treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The knowledge of &lt;em&gt;Phit-Samdaeng &lt;/em&gt;symptoms in &lt;em&gt;Yang Sisurat&lt;/em&gt; District were consistent with the Northeast folk medicine and Thai Traditional Medicine. The most commonly used species were native plants of Thailand. However, information on the medicinal taste and property from scriptures and pharmacological evidence is lacking. Therefore, the pharmacological activity and toxicity of herbal remedies should be further investigated for efficacy and safety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">259</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hatthapan Wipanso&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bhanubong Bongcheewin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suppachai Tiyaworanant&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suksalin Booranasubkajorn&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Natchagorn Lumlerdkij&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pemika Siriboonsong&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pravit Akarasereenont&lt;sup&gt;1,4,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Applied Thai Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Mochtar Thaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">St. Rosmanely</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rizky Chaeraty Syam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Tenri Nurafni Aprilyani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Lung TB Treatment Strategy in Pangkep District Year 2022</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pulmonary Tuberculosis.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Treatment strategy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">524-527</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Tuberculosis (TB) is still a world concern with morbidity rates that have not been fully recorded but mortality data continues to increase, so strengthening coordination strategies with various related networks is very important in the target of achieving TB eradication nationally and globally in 2035. This research is a qualitative research carried out to identify phenomena and problems related to pulmonary TB management strategies in Pangkep Regency in October 2022. Data were collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGD), which were then analyzed qualitatively through 3 stages, namely data reduction, data presentation, and data verification as well as drawing conclusions. The results of the study show several important points in the strategy for handling pulmonary TB in Pangkep Regency, namely the applicable policies still follow the policies from the center, access for island areas must have a special strategy, the TB control strategy used is TOSS and there is collaboration between cross-sectors, electronic recording is carried out through SITB and manuals, as well as monitoring and evaluation activities carried out by looking through the system, conducting routine monitoring and evaluation, as well as field visits.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">524</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Syafar&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Mochtar Thaha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, St. Rosmanely&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rizky Chaeraty Syam&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, A. Tenri Nurafni Aprilyani&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Policy and Administration, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meidrin Joni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eryati Darwin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herlambang Herlambang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aisyah Elliyanti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Analysis of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 and Tissue Inhibitor Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 Levels in the Amniochorion Membrane Patients on Premature Rupture of Membranes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MMP-9</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Premature rupture of membranes.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TIMP-1</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">910-912</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; MMP-9 is essential for extracellular matrix remodeling, which affects the incidence of premature rupture of membranes. In addition, decreased and increased levels of TIMP-1, a preferential MMP-9 inhibitor, have been reported to be associated with premature rupture of membranes because it showed an imbalance in the MMP-9 or TIMP-1 levels. This study aims to analyze MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in amniochorion membrane patients on premature rupture of membranes. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; An analytic observational study was conducted on 70 subjects. The MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in the amniochorion membrane were determined by ELISA. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study indicate that the amniochorion membrane in the incidence of premature rupture of membranes is characterized by increased levels of MMP-9, while TIMP-1 levels do not differ between the incidence of premature rupture of membranes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that there are differences in protein levels of MMP-9 but there are no differences in protein levels of TIMP-1 in premature rupture of membranes&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">910</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meidrin Joni&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Eryati Darwin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Herlambang Herlambang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Aisyah Elliyanti&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Jambi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiology, Nuclear Medicine Division, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herlyn De Fretes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Muhammad Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Performance Determinants of Health Laboratory Officers in Health Laboratory Centers and Medical Device Calibration in Maluku Province</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Equipment</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory Hall</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laboratory Officer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medical devices.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Performance</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">285-289</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Center for Health Laboratories and Medical Devices Calibration has the task of planning, coordinating implementation and evaluation of clinical laboratory examinations/public health laboratories, referrals, education, technical training, research and development. Performance is the result achieved by someone according to the standards that apply to a particular job. There are several factors that influence the performance of officers, both individually and in organizations, namely the dimensions of performance, namely ability, motivation and opportunities. This study aims to analyze the factors that influence the performance of the staff at the Maluku Provincial Health Laboratory and Medical Device Calibration Center based on factors related to work, related to opportunities, related to infrastructure and related to officers. This type of research is a quantitative research with a survey method to obtain data from the field based on the existing population with a total sample of 56 people. Data processing is done using SPSS. The results showed that the opportunity factor and staff factor had a significant influence on the performance of the staff at the Maluku Province Health Laboratory and Medical Equipment Calibration Center, while the factors that did not give an effect were infrastructure and work factors. Suggestions for related agencies, namely the Health Service must provide motivation, work autonomy, workload according to ability, carry out work effectively and efficiently, communicate regarding access and availability of medical devices and must be able to strengthen the activeness of officers in carrying out tasks with supervision that does not interfere with autonomy health worker job.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">285</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Herlyn De Fretes&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Muhammad Saleh&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Student of the Master of Health Administration and Policy Study Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Population Bio statistics and Family Planning, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wafika Aziza Nasir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Daud</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Policy Implementation of Minimum Service Standards for Hypertension in Marusu Health Center Maros District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Commitment.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum services</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy implementation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">861-867</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The Minimum Service Standards (SPM) in the health sector are a reference for Regency/City. Regional Governments in the provision of Health Services that every citizen is entitled to receive at a minimum. The MSS for Hypertension health services is one of the types and quality of basic services in the MSS in the health sector. This study aims to analyze the implementation of the MSS for hypertension services at the Marusu Health Center, Maros Regency. This type of research uses descriptive qualitative which aims to get an in-depth description of the analysis of the implementation of the minimum service standard for hypertension at the Marusu Health Center. The results of the study show that communication has not run optimally, the SPM Hypertension policy contained in PMK No. 4 of 2019 has not been transmitted to the public as a policy target. Human resources are still inadequate and have a double workload so that the achievements are not optimal. Disposition has been going pretty well. commitment and implementation support are quite good, has carried out coordination and commitment involving cross-programs and related cross-sectors. The bureaucratic structure is already running quite well. The implementation mechanism has been running according to the SOP with the guidelines of the Minister of Health Regulation No. 4 of 2019. The implementation of the SPM for hypertension services at the Marusu Health Center has been going quite well. It is hoped that the Maros District Health Office and the Marusu Health Center will improve the aspects of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure in their implementation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">861</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wafika Aziza Nasir&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Daud&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Sri Fifi Wahyuni Azis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alwy Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh Syafar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Policy Implementation of The First 1000 Days of Life Program in Overcoming Stunting in Maros District</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">First 1000 Days of Life</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stunting.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">405-410</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Stunting is closely related to the first 1000 Days of Life. This 1000 HPK period starts from pregnancy until the age of 2 years. The aim of the study was to analyze the implementation of the First 1000 Days of Life program policy in Stunting Management in Maros Regency. This study uses a qualitative panel research method with a descriptive approach. Data were analyzed using content analysis. Interviews were conducted with 9 informants in several agencies, including 3 key informants and 6 regular informants. &lt;strong&gt;Research result:&lt;/strong&gt; Communication between Organizations and Executing Activities (The process of conveying information about the 1000 HPK program in tackling stunting is carried out in the form of good socialization). Resources (Almost fulfilled in carrying out the 1000 HPK program but the capacity of human resources is still inadequate in this case the understanding and availability of budgets sourced from APBD funds and APBN funds). Characteristics of the Executing Agency (There is an SOP for the implementation of 1000 HPK. In the distribution of tasks and responsibilities to all policy implementers of the 1000 HPK program contained in the SK so that each cross-sector coordinate with each other. Disposition of Executors (Executors have played an active role and have a commitment for the success of the 1000 HPK program). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Socialization activities have not gone well; several agencies are still experiencing a shortage of human resources both in quantity and quality and experiencing budget shortages resulting in inadequate facilities. In implementing the 1000 HPK program policies, several agencies used the SOP as a procedure for implementing the program as well as the division of tasks and responsibilities based on the Decree of the Maros Regent. Special suggestions for the health office to pay more attention to and have a high commitment to the nutritional status of children by ensuring specific nutrition interventions and sensitive nutrition interventions are right at the location of the village and at the right target group.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">405</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andi Sri Fifi Wahyuni Azis&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alwy Arifin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh Syafar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program in Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Promotion, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Nuriana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Balqis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukri Palutturi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahya Thamrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Policy Recommendations in Efforts to Control Positive  COVID-19 Cases in South Sulawesi Province, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health Policy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Policy Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surveillance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaccination</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1230-1235</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Inconsistent COVID-19 policies have caused the government to experience a degradation in public trust. So, it is necessary to propose policy recommendations for controlling positive COVID-19 cases that receive support from various multi-sectoral areas. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This research was conducted in January–May 2023. This type of research is qualitative-exploratory, using case study methods through indepth interviews and literature studies of all informants. Sampling was purposive sampling. This research variable uses Patton and Sawicki's alternative policy criteria theory (1986). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The proposed policy recommendations are increasing COVID-19 vaccine coverage and surveillance for monitoring coronavirus mutations. The two policy recommendations have met technical feasibility because they have clear outcomes, where the outcome of vaccination is to establish herd immunity. In contrast, surveillance of coronavirus mutations has the outcome of analyzing the efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine. From the economic and financial possibility side, a budget is available with the advantage of carrying out normal activities without any restrictions and efficiency in the health budget. Regarding political viability, the government supports the policy, does not violate the rules, and serves the community's needs. Regarding administrative operability, the government as the authorized party is considered to have adequate capability, organizational support, and institutional commitment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The policy recommendations proposed by policymakers and epidemiology experts are increasing COVID-19 vaccination coverage and monitoring surveillance of coronavirus mutations, and it is hoped that the South Sulawesi Provincial Government can consider the proposed policy recommendations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1230</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Nuriana&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Balqis&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Sukri Palutturi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Yahya Thamrin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; , Stang&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; , Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Student of the Master's Program in Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Safety and Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Population Biostatistics / Family Planning, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maslichah Mafruchati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan Makuwia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Royal Jelly Apis Cerana as Therapeutic Candidate in Cbavd Based on Bioinformatics Studies</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apis Cerana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioinformatics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CBAVD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public health.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic Candidates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175-182</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Apis cerana&lt;/em&gt; honey bee is a honey bee native to Asia that spreads from Afghanistan, China, and Japan to Indonesia. The productivity of &lt;em&gt;Apis cerana &lt;/em&gt;honey bees can produce as much as 2-5 kg of honey per colony in a year. Royal jelly is the queen's nourishment, and it is produced by larvae, adult bees, young worker bees, and male bee larvae. CBAVD contributes to 1–2% of the 20–25% of males with subfertility.&lt;strong&gt; Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to evaluate Royal Jelly &lt;em&gt;Apis Cerana &lt;/em&gt;as a potential therapeutic candidate for CBAVD using a bioinformatics approach.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; This research method consisted of converting nucleotides into amino acids, analyzing the three-dimensional structure of&lt;em&gt; Apis Cerana &lt;/em&gt;Royal Jelly Protein, Ramachandran Plot Analysis, Analysis of Epitope and Allergen Proteins, and Analysis of Proteins that were antigens and toxins. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The research results were conducted on six three-dimensional &lt;em&gt;Apis Cerana &lt;/em&gt;Royal Jelly bee protein structures and had very good validity based on the Ramachandran plot, GQME value, and QmeanDisCo value. In addition, this study also obtained the results of proteins that are epitope, antigenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings of this study can be used as a basis for therapy against CBAVD.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">175</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maslichah Mafruchati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Jonathan Makuwia&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (60115), Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, C Campus, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Malawi University of Science and Technology 5196 Limbe, MALAWI&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nasronudin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdulloh Machin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iin Ernawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yunita Dwi Tanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Jaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farah Medina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fathia Faza Rahmadanita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paulus Sugianto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of The Effect of Leptin, AMPK, Adiponectin, and NPY Markers on Changes in Body Weight of Childhood Epileptic Using Valproic Acid Monotherapy</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adiponectin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AMPK</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Childhood.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epilepsy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leptin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NPY</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valproic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weight gain</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150-153</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that occurs due to abnormal neurons in the brain and an imbalance between excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system. The first line of OAE in children is VPA (Valproate Acid). However, long-term use can cause weight gain with a frequency of 10-70%. The underlying mechanism of weight gain in patients remains unclear. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to analyze the relationship between levels of biomarkers AMPK, NPY, Leptin, and Adiponectin on changes in body weight in patients with epileptic seizures using VPA monotherapy. Method: This study is an observational cohort design. Data collection in April-June 2019. Inclusion criteria were children aged 2-10 years who used VPA requirement less than two years, not taking any drugs that affect body weight, not diagnose systemic lupus, nephrotic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Bodyweight and all biomarkers measurement on subjects who came to the clinic at the time of study and at least after one month of taking VPA. A total of 17 subjects participated in this study.&lt;strong&gt; Result: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the statistical multivariate analysis test of VPA dosage on changes in body weight and biomarker levels found that Leptin, AMPK, Adiponectin did not significantly increase in body weight (p&amp;gt;0.05), but NPY significant increase in body weight (p&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; NPY is the most potent for appetite enhancing, preferential effect on carbohydrate intake, weight regulation, energy storage, and expenditure. Increase production of NPY, there is an increase in energy intake and then increases fat storage and body weight.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">150</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah1&lt;sup&gt;,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nasronudin&lt;sup&gt;3,4,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdulloh Machin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Iin Ernawati&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Yunita Dwi Tanti&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Jaya&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Farah Medina&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Fathia Faza Rahmadanita&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;, Paulus Sugianto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Universitas Airlangga Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Akademi Farmasi Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Ngudi Waluyo Hospital Wlingi Blitar, INDONESIA. 7Budi Agung Hospital, Palu, INDONESIA. 8Oncology Hospital, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine and Health Science Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University Malang, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maslichah Mafruchati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nor Hayati Othman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akhmad Kusuma Wardhana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Impact of Heat Stress on Embryo Development of Broiler: A Literature Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chicken</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Embryo Development</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Health risk</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heat Stress.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">964-968</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Temperature is an important factor in embryonic development because temperature plays a role in determining the overall development of the embryo. The effect of high temperature on the embryo will cause the embryo to make a defense by diverting some of its energy to form thermal homeostasis, which is a physiological response. The purpose of this study was to analyze heat stress on embryonic development. This study used a systematic literature review (SLR) following PRISMA guidelines and gathered the sample of papers through the PubMed databases using keywords categorized as &lt;em&gt;heat, stress,&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; embryo&lt;/em&gt;. There were 31 papers used as samples. The result showed that hyperthermia in chickens caused an increase in heart rate per minute as a result of temperature pressure. It affects the hatching percentage, hatching time, weight, and mortality rate in chicken embryos. In summary, heat stress has an impact on embryonic development heat stress gives an impact on the development of embryos.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">964</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maslichah Mafruchati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nor Hayati Othman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Akhmad Kusuma Wardhana&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (60115), Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, C Campus, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, School of Medical Science, Universiti Sains Malaysia, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Economic &amp;amp; Business, Universitas Airlangga (60286), INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bintang Petralina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ridwan Amiruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahiduddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irwandy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ummu Salmah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suriah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evi Martha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Influence of Internal and External Factors on  Empowered Pregnant Women Through the Behavior of Pregnant Women in Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Behavior</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Empowered pregnant women</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">External factors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Internal factors</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1029-1035</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Maternal health is still one of the health problems globally, including in Indonesia. Empowering women that allows someone in making decisions about themselves to detect pregnancy complications. This study aims to analyze the influence of internal and external factors on empowered pregnant women through the behavior of pregnant women in conducting early detection of pregnancy complications [KOMPAK] in Bogor Regency. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Village in study is an analytical survey with a cross sectional study approach, which takes data related to internal factors (age, education, and parity) and external factors (husband support, family support, community support, and health worker support), behavior (knowledge, attitudes and motivation), and empowered pregnant women. It was analyzed using the spearman correlation test and path analysis with a confidence level of 95%. The data was analyzed using the SPSS program version 26.0. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; internal factors that influence empowered pregnant women in Conducting Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications [KOMPAK] in Bogor Regency are education (r: 0.194; p&amp;lt;0.001) and parity (r: -0.108; p: 0.044) which means that the higher the education and the less parity, the better empowered pregnant women will be with weak correlation strength. External factors affect Empowered Pregnant Women in Early Detection of Pregnancy Complications [KOMPAK] in Bogor Regency where external factors (husband support, family support, culture and community support, and health worker and government support) will cause empowered pregnant women to be better with moderate correlation strength (r: 0.537-0.645; p&amp;lt; 0.001). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Internal factors (education and parity) and external factors (husband support, family support, culture and community support, and health worker and government support) affect (empowered pregnant women in early detection of pregnancy complications. External factors also influence pregnant women through maternal behavior (knowledge, attitudes, and motivations).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1029</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bintang Petralina&lt;sup&gt;1,3,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ridwan Amiruddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Wahiduddin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Irwandy&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Ummu Salmah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Suriah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Evi Martha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctor of Public Health Program, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Binawan University, INDONESIA. 4 Faculty of Public Health, Indonesia University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suci Safwa Salsabila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darmawansyah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amran Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsuar Manyullei</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalu Muhammad Saleh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anwar Mallongi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of The Influence of The Marketing Mix on The Satisfaction of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Miletus Installation at Hajj General Hospital, Makassar</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Place</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Power</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Price</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Process</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Product</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Promotion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satisfaction.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395-399</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Marketing mix is a set of marketing tools used by companies to achieve marketing objectives. The marketing mix consists of nine components, namely product, price, place, promotion, people, process, physical evidence, performance, and strength. This study aims to determine the effect of the marketing mix on patient satisfaction with type 2 diabetes mellitus inpatient installations in public hospital in the Hajj area of Makassar, the type of research used was an analytical survey with a quantitative approach using cross sectional. The sample in this study was type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in the inpatient installation at the Hajj area general hospital as many as 81 people who were obtained by the probability sampling method, collecting data using a questionnaire instrument. Processing data using the Chi-Square test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Based on the results of the study, there is an influence between the process (Process). Promotion, Place, and Power on patient satisfaction with type 2 diabetes mellitus in inpatient installations. The results of the multivariate analysis showed that the most dominant variable was placed (exp β = 19,093). The conclusion of several influential variables that are most related to patient satisfaction with the marketing mix, namely the place variable, which is the most important factor in patient satisfaction. It is hoped that the Haji Makassar Hospital will pay more attention to the services needed by the community in general, especially the location in terms of the number of rooms, parking and waiting rooms that are more adequate.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suci Safwa Salsabila&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Indar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Darmawansyah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Amran Razak&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsuar Manyullei&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lalu Muhammad Saleh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Anwar Mallongi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Masters Student of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Administration and Policy, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anik Listiyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yuanita Lely Rachmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hani Susianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurdiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hidayat Sujuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roihatul Mutiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agustina Tri Endharti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Metabolite Compound of the Ethanol Extract of Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium Stem and Activity for inhibition of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) in silico study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chrysanthemum cinerariifolium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclin D1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OSCC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P13K.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">393-398</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Oral cancer is a deadly disease that is expected to increase yearly. Current cancer treatment methods have side effects. C. cinerariifolium plants have potential as anticancer agents. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the anti-OSCC properties of the ethanol extract of C. cinerariifolium stems via an &lt;em&gt;in-silico&lt;/em&gt; study.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Analysis of active compounds in ethanol extracts of C. cinerariifolium stems using TLC and UPLC-QToF-MS/MS metabolic profiling. The data were analysed statistically using principal component analysis (PCA). &lt;em&gt;In silico &lt;/em&gt;of C. cinerariifolium compounds on protein (PI3K and Cyclin D) from OSCC. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;TLC procedures utilizing UV light with λ 366 nm after spraying with H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; revealed multiple-colored spots, indicating that H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;SO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; is a specific spray detector for terpenoid and carotene. Metabolic profiling in ethanol extract of C. cinerariifolium stem included Pronethalol (3.96%), 1-(4-Methoxyphenyl)-N-(1 naphthylmethyl) methanamine (7.34%), Orphenadrine (24.27%), Pentazocine (5.09%), 4-(Dodecyloxy) aniline (6.30%), Linoleamide (4.95%), and Pheophorbide A (8.05%). Orphenadrine had the highest percentage. Based on the Lipinski rule of five, pronethalol has the potential to be used as a drug-like therapy for OSCC. The anticancer activity profile is predicted by PASS online with a likely range of 0.065 to 0.385. An &lt;em&gt;in-silico&lt;/em&gt; study showed that the strongest binding affinity is pronethalol to Cyclin D1 and pheophorbide A to the PI3K protein. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The active metabolite of the ethanolic extract of C. cinerariifolium stem exhibits potency against oral squamous cell carcinoma via the downregulation of the cell cycle (cyclin D1) and P13K, especially pronethalol.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">393</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anik Listiyana&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yuanita Lely Rachmawati&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hani Susianti&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurdiana&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Hidayat Sujuti&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Roihatul Mutiah&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Agustina Tri Endharti&lt;sup&gt;1,8*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Preventive and Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lalbiakngheti Tlau</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lucy Lalawmpuii</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P.B. Lalthanpuii</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K. Lalchhandama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of the Phytochemical and Antibacterial Properties of the Indigenous Mizo Medicinal Plant, Helicia Excelsa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helicia excelsa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mizo traditional medicine.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">823-828</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Helicia excelsa &lt;/em&gt;(Roxb.) Bl. is a scarcely known medicinal plant and is native to Southeast Asia. It is most notably used for the treatment of gastric problems in the Mizo traditional medicine in India.&lt;strong&gt; Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves of &lt;em&gt;H. excelsa&lt;/em&gt; were collected from Aizawl, Mizoram, India. An extract was prepared using chloroform. Qualitative phytochemical tests were performed to detect the important phytocompounds. The antioxidant activity was determined by total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant content, DPPH- and ferric-reducing antioxidant power. Antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar well-diffusion method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;H. excelsa&lt;/em&gt; leaf contains amino acids, alkaloids, carbohydrates, glycosides, phenols, phytosterols, proteins, and tannins. It showed inhibition in selected Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. The phenol, flavonoid and total antioxidant contents were 4.52±0.09 gallic acid equivalent (GAE mg/g), 64.27±1.04 quercetin equivalent (QE mg/g), 11.39±0.45 ascorbic acid equivalent (AAE mg/g) respectively. IC50 value of DPPH-scavenging activity was 5.67±0.36. The ferric ion-reducing power showed concentration-dependent activity. The plant extract showed growth-inhibitory actions against Gram-negative bacterium, Escherichia coli, and Gram-positive species, Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. :&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;H. excelsa &lt;/em&gt;leaf contains important bioactive compounds that need to be identified. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities support the basis of its medicinal application.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">823</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lalbiakngheti Tlau, Lucy Lalawmpuii, P.B. Lalthanpuii, K. Lalchhandama*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl 796 001, Mizoram, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hebert Adrianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Subekti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heny Arwati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etha Rambung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanna Tabita Hasianna Silitonga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etik Ainun Rohmah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Another Mode of Action of Temephos Against Aedes aegypti Larvae: A Stomach Poison Investigation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ae. aegypti</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Midgut</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Temephos</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">298-303</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: &lt;em&gt;Aedes aegypti&lt;/em&gt; is a key vector for the spread of several severe arboviral infections. The Indonesian Ministry of Health launched Temephos as a national effort to limit the &lt;em&gt;Aedes aegypti &lt;/em&gt;larvae population. The old theory has been passed down for generations that the principle of the mechanism of action of temephos as a neurotoxin. The main aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of action of temephos as a stomach poison by using histopathology study.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; There are two treatments with three replications: a container containing only 100 ml of water with tween 20 and a container containing 100 ml of water with 1 ppm of temephos 8G. The 20 third-instar Ae. aegypti larvae in containers containing 100 ml of water with 1 ppm of temephos 8G were compared with those in 100 ml of water containing Tween-20. The experiment was done in three replications. The number of dead larvae was recorded after 24 hours of treatment. Histological sections of the larval midgut were prepared and stained with hematoxylin-eosin (HE). Light microscopy was used to examine changes in the length of the midgut lumen and the epithelium. Data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA. The appearances of the nucleus of the epithelial cell and the degree of damage were qualitatively observed. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The results showed that no dead larvae were found in the control group, however, 100% mortality was found in the temephos group. The changes in midgut lumen length and in the epithelium length were significantly different from those in the control group (p&amp;lt;0.05). Nuclei of epithelial cells were lost and midgut cells were damaged in the temephos group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This study reports the first discovery of the mechanism of action of temephos other than a neurotoxin, namely stomach poison&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">298</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hebert Adrianto&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Subekti3,&lt;sup&gt;4,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Heny Arwati&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Etha Rambung&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hanna Tabita Hasianna Silitonga&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Etik Ainun Rohmah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Medicine, Universitas Ciputra, Surabaya 60219, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Entomology Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Fisheries and Marine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universita&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tlou Nelson Selepe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nokuthula Nomusa Mthembu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Anti-quorum Sensing Activities of Erianthemum dregei`s Leaf Extract and Molecular Docking</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-quorum sensing activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erianthemum dregei</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">279-285</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The increasing incidence of multi-drug resistance among pathogens has propelled researchers to search for novel antimicrobial and anti-quorum sensing agents characterised by different mechanisms and high potency. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The study aimed at investigating the antibacterial and antiquorum sensing properties of compounds from &lt;em&gt;Erianthemum dregei&lt;/em&gt; and their molecular interactions with the target proteins. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The methanolic leaf extract from E. dregei was evaluated for its chemical composition and antibacterial activity using gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometry (GC-MS) and micro-dilution method, respectively. The inhibition of violacein production in &lt;em&gt;Chromobacterium violaceum&lt;/em&gt; (ATCC 07) was assayed as anti-quorum sensing activity using micro-dilution method. The molecular docking of the GC-MS ligands and penicillin‑binding protein 2x (PDP2) and CviR was executed using AutoDock Vina. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The two volatile compounds namely phytol (93.58%) and 3-tetradecyn-1-ol (6.42%) were shown by GC-MS. The extract exhibited antibacterial activity against the selected bacterial strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 1.56 to 3.125 mg/mL. The maximum inhibition of violacein production of 53.93% was observed at 1.56 mg/mL. Both compounds had docking scores of more than -6.0 kcal/mol against the target proteins. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results revealed that the extract is a potential source of antibacterial and anti-quorum sensing compounds and thus can have pharmacological applicability.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">279</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tsolanku Sidney Maliehe&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Tlou Nelson Selepe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nokuthula Nomusa Mthembu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jabulani Siyabonga Shandu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Water and Sanitation, University of Limpopo, Private bag X1106, Polokwane, 0727, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iris Melina Alfaro-Beltrán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertha Mirella Alfaro-Ttito</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer and Neuroprotective Effects of the Triterpene Glycosides From Sea Cucumber Holothuria imitans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Holothuria imitans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotective.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triterpene glycosides</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119-127</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Sea cucumbers has gained notoriety because possess a wide range of biological and pharmacological activities. In this sense, the aim of this work was to evaluate the anticancer and neuroprotective effects of the triterpene glycosides from sea cucumber &lt;em&gt;Holothuria imitans&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Triterpene glycosides were separated and purified by Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Their structures were deduced by spectral analysis and chemical evidence. Cytotoxic activity was evaluated using normal African green monkey kidney epithelial cell line (VERO) and three cancer cell lines: cancer gastric (MKN-28), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and lung carcinoma (A-549). Besides, the neuroprotective effect was studied using the Cath.a-differentiated (CAD) cell line and human glial (Oligodendrocytic) hybrid cell line (MO3.13). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Two triterpene glycosides (Fuscocineroside C and Scabraside D) were isolated, which showed low cytotoxic activity against VERO cell line, and high cytotoxic activity against lines MKN-28, MCF-7 and A-549 cells, with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;between the ranges of 0.92 μmol/L to 2.61 μmol/L. The isolated triterpene glycosides showed the ability to regain mitochondrial viability in CAD and MO3.13 cells treated with neurotoxin (C2-ceramide) with statistically significant results (p&amp;lt;0.05).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The triterpene glycosides Fuscocineroside C and Scabraside D isolated from sea cucumber Holothuria imitans show anticancer and neuroprotective potential and may be considered promising active principles for anticancer and neuroprotective drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">119</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado- García&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara- Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elda Maritza Rodrigo- Villanueva&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, José Gilberto Gavidia-Valencia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Iris Melina Alfaro-Beltrán&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bertha Mirella Alfaro-Ttito&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Medicina. Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto Pablo Casals, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Posgrado de la Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisa Pangemanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irwanto Irwanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Margarita M. Maramis</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antidepressant Effect of Fluoxetine and Mozart K448 Combination Therapy on Hippocampal Serotonin and BDNF Levels</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BDNF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluoxetine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hippocampus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mozart</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serotonin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">325-328</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Despite the use of fluoxetine as a first-line therapy, some patients do not show a good therapeutic effect. Effective antidepressant therapy will reverse the low serotonin and BDNF levels found in depression. Mozart K. 448 was reported to yield a good therapeutic effect for depression. Based on findings, the combination of Mozart K. 448 and fluoxetine as a therapy for depression is very rare. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of the combined therapy of fluoxetine and Mozart K. 448 on hippocampal serotonin and BDNF levels in an animal model of depression under CUMS conditions. In this study, the animal model of depression was administered three different treatments, i.e. fluoxetine, Mozart, or fluoxetine-Mozart combined therapy, respectively. Hippocampal serotonin and BDNF levels were assessed after 21 days of treatment. Statistical analysis was then carried out using T-test or Mann-Whitney test and ANOVA or Kruskal-Wallis. The fluoxetine-Mozart group has higher BDNF levels, but lower serotonin levels compared to other groups with values of 1,694±0.215 and 44,533±3,275, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">325</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lisa Pangemanan&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Irwanto Irwanto&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Margarita M. Maramis&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Widya Mandala Catholic University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Child Health, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nolitha Nkobole</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lavhelesani R. Managa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerhard Prinsloo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic and Hypoglycaemic Activities of Commonly Used African Traditional Vegetables</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">African traditional vegetables</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoglycaemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339-356</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus is a common and complex metabolic disorder associated with high blood glucose levels leading to complications. Adopting a sedentary lifestyle characterized by low physical activity and consumption of high-energy diets contributes to the development of diabetes mellitus. Lifestyle changes and the use of pharmacological agents that target particular biochemical pathways involved in nutrient metabolism are currently used as management guidelines for managing risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus. The use of prescription medications for an extended period is linked to several negative side effects. Alternative management strategies of risk factors linked to diabetes mellitus involve the use of African leafy vegetables. African leafy vegetables contain a variety of biologically active compounds that provide health benefits. These crops have the potential to be a valuable source of new oral hypoglycemic agents for diabetes management. This review analyses the antidiabetic activities of nine African leafy vegetables whilst also defining the gap areas for future research. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Data was acquired via electronic search engines of which only peer-reviewed papers published in journals were considered. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;African traditional vegetables showed diverse&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antidiabetic activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; There is an urgent need to document and use the knowledge of African leafy vegetables that have potential in the treatment and management of diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">339</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nolitha Nkobole&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Lavhelesani R. Managa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerhard Prinsloo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Science campus, Florida, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Africa Institute of South Africa, Human Sciences Research Council, Pretoria, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herra Studiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indana Lazulfa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosita Handayani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Gastritis Activity of Cloves (Eugenia caryophyllata Thunberg) and Lime (Citrus aurantifolia) Leaf Extracts Combination in Absolute Alcohol Induced-Gastric Injury Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Citrus aurantifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clove</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eugenia caryophyllata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastritis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lime</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ulcer</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">378-384</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Clove (&lt;em&gt;Eugenia caryophyllata &lt;/em&gt;Thunberg) and lime (&lt;em&gt;Citrus aurantifolia&lt;/em&gt;) are medicinal plants traditionally used to treat various diseases such as gastritis. Some studies reported that cloves leaf and lime leaf extract showed a gastroprotective effect by decreasing the gastric acid secretion and increasing the gastric mucus.&lt;strong&gt; Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to investigate the anti-gastritis activity of the combination of ethanolic extract of cloves leaf and lime leaf extract in alcohol absolute-induced mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Mice were treated with the combination extract 0.7 g/kg BW, 1.4 g/kg BW, and 2.8 g/kg BW. Famotidine was used as a positive control, and Na CMC suspension was used as a negative control. After 45 minutes of oral administration, 0.14 ml/20g BW alcohol absolute was given to all mice. All groups were sacrificed one hour later. The evaluation showed that extract combination in all doses significantly decreased ulcer index (UI) compared to a negative control group (p&amp;lt;0.005) in macroscopic evaluation. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;In histopathologic evaluation, all doses significantly decreased mucosal edema and epithelial cell loss (p&amp;lt;0.005), but in gastric bleeding evaluation, only 0.7 and 1.4 g/kg BW doses showed a significant decrease. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: This study showed that a combination of clove and lime leaf extracts has anti-gastritis activity and could be a possible therapeutic of anti-gastritis. The most effective dose is 1.4 g/kg BW in mice which showed the lowest ulcer index and gastric mucosal edema, bleeding and epithelial cells loss reduction on histopathological observation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">378</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Herra Studiawan, Sukardiman*, Indana Lazulfa, Rosita Handayani&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pharmaceutical Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, East Java, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ernawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditiawarman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salsabila Nabilah Rifdah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Sulistyono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive Choices during Pregnancy in Limited Setting</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension during pregnancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preeclampsia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Side effect.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">315-318</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Antihypertensive agents used during pregnancy may vary from institution to institution and depend on resource availability. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to determine the profile of antihypertensive drugs used in pregnancy in low-middle-income countries and the impact of these drugs on maternal and fetal outcomes. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This is a retrospective study on hypertensive pregnant patients admitted to the emergency unit at a tertiary referral Hospital in Indonesia. The type of hypertension during pregnancy, antihypertensive drugs, side effect, and maternal and perinatal outcomes was extracted from medical hospital records. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 762 hypertensive pregnant women were recruited; 61 were diagnosed with preeclampsia, 491 were preeclampsia with severe features and 174 were chronic hypertension superimposed preeclampsia, and 81.54% of them received antihypertension therapy. The most commonly prescribed antihypertensive drugs were combination therapy of nifedipine and methyldopa (96.7%), followed by monotherapy of methyldopa (2.3%), nicardipine (1.1%), and nifedipine (0.2%). Most of the patients successfully attained a Systolic blood pressure&amp;lt;160mmHg. Tachycardia was reported in 47 (7.9%) pregnant women who received antihypertensive medication; none reported hypotension and arrhythmia. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Nifedipine and methyldopa are choices for an antihypertensive agent in limited resources, either monotherapy or combined. Nifedipine's immediate release can be used with a low risk of hypotension.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">315</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ernawati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Aditiawarman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salsabila Nabilah Rifdah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Sulistyono&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;MD, PHD, MFM Division, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;MD, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga – Dr. Soetomo Academic General Hospital, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noufou Ouédraogo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">W. Leila Marie Esther Belem-Kabré</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A.M. Emmanuel Thiombiano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tata Kadiatou Traoré</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lazare Belemnaba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moussa Ouédraogo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Innocent Pierre Guissou</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Potential of Glycoside Flavonoids from Pterocarpus erinaceus Poir. (Fabaceae) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzymes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593-598</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Chronic diseases have become one of the leading causes of death worldwide in recent years. Despite tremendous advances in the treatments of diseases, several concerns remain. Those with inflammatory components are alternatively treated or completed in Burkina Faso with medicinal plants. The present study was designed to identify and evaluate the anti-inflammatory potential of glycoside flavonoids from &lt;em&gt;Pterocarpus Erinaceus &lt;/em&gt;leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The ﬂavonoids contained in &lt;em&gt;Pterocarpus Erinaceus&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts were extracted, identified, and characterized. Sequential soxhlet extraction was subjected to preliminary phytochemical screening, and characterization of isolated ﬂavonoid was done by U.V., I.R., 1H &amp;amp; 13C N.M.R. and MS. Subsequently, isolates were tested&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; for their antiinflammatory potential as well as their antioxidant capacities. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Five compounds were determined as corresponding to 3’,4’,5,7-tetrahydroxy flavone (luteolin); quercetin-3-O- sophoroside; quercetin- 3-0-β-glucose (isoquercitrin); Kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside and 3,3’,4’,5,7-pentahydroxyflavone-3- rhamnoglucoside (rutin). Concentrations of quercetin-3-O- sophoroside and quercetin-3-0-β-glucose that inhibit 50% of pro-inflammatory enzymes’ activities were expressed in μg/mL. They were respectively 18.07 ± 0.78 and 32.27 ± 2.02 for xanthine oxidase, 1.12 ± 0.018 and 11.53 ± 0.52 for lipoxygenase, 26.91 ± 0.34 and 19.54 ± 0.25 for acetylcholinesterase. Prevention of the degradation of deoxyribose test gave respectively 19.32 ± 1.08 μg/mL and 26.21 ± 2.25 μg/mL for quercetin-3-O- sophoroside and quercetin-3-O- β-glucose while the anti-DPPH free radical potential was 3.41 ± 0.82 and 2.90 ± 0.18 μg/ mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results may justify the traditional uses of P. erinaceus in treating diseases with an inflammatory component.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noufou Ouédraogo&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, W. Leila Marie Esther Belem-Kabré&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, A.M. Emmanuel Thiombiano&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tata Kadiatou Traoré&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lazare Belemnaba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Moussa Ouédraogo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Innocent Pierre Guissou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Département Médecine et Pharmacopée Traditionnelles – Pharmacie (MEPHATRA-PH), Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS/CNRST), 03 BP 7047 Ouagadougou 03, BURKINA FASO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de Biochimie et Chimie Appliquée (LABIOCA), Ecole Doctorale Sciences et Technologie, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO, 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, BURKINA FASO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de développement du médicament (LADME) / CEA-CFOREM, Ecole Doctorale Sciences de la Santé, Université Joseph KI-ZERBO 03 BP 7021 Ouagadougou 03, BURKINA FASO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makhele Thapelo Simon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Makhoahle Pakiso Moses</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mashele Sitheni Samson</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Neoplastic and Cytotoxicity Potency Measuring of Five Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa) Leaf Extracts Towards Melanoma (UACC62), Breast (MCF7), Prostate (PC3), and Colon (HCT116) Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AICR (American Institute for Cancer Research)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer (malignancy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carcinoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSIR (The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ECACC (European Collection of Authenticated Cell Cultures</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lymphoma)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">NCI (National Cancer Institute</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">neoplasm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sarcoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">South Africa)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sulforhodamine B Assay (SRB)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">THC (delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol). Rick Simpson oil (RSO).</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tumour</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">U.S Department of Health and Human Services)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UK)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">768-776</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The National Cancer Registry of the National Department of Health of South Africa confirms that in females, the highest incidence of cancers diagnosed in the year 2019 was breast (10 172 cases), cervical (6 945 cases) and colorectal (1 952 cases) cancers, while in males the most diagnosed cancers were prostate, lung, and colorectal neoplasms. The risk factors that promote cancer development, and metastasis or spreading includes excessive alcohol and narcotic usage, carcinogenic infections (oncoviruses) and genetical predispositions. The global incidence of cancer is much likely to increase because of the increased exposure to risk factors (processed fast foods, industrial toxins in air and water) that promote oxidative stress, low grade chronic inflammation, diabetes mellitus, hyperglycemia, and insulin resistance. Because the ancient healer or doctor relied on plants and other natural resources for therapeutic compounds, we wanted to measure the anti-cancer actions induced by our Alfac-facah leaf extracts towards four major cancer cells. The growth inhibitory and cytotoxicity activity that was induced by our extracts was measured using the reliable Sulforhodamine B Assay as per the collaborative research program between the CSIR’s Biosciences Pharmacology Group and the NCI. Our Alfac-facah leaf test material was extracted using five solvents: Ethanol, Methanol, Diethyl-ether, Acetone, and Water. Medicinal Plants persist to play a key role in medicine, whereby they not only help with treating or preventing diseases, but they also contribute to the general wellbeing of the patient. For this reason, natural resources remain a pivotal ingredient of novel drug development compounds&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">768</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Makhele Thapelo Simon, Makhoahle Pakiso Moses*, Mashele Sitheni Samson&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State Province, 20 President Brand Street, Bloemfontein, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pakiso Moses Makhoahle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dijeng Euginiah Rampana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activities, Total Polyphenol Profile and Anticancer Activity, of Leaf, Bulb and Root Extracts of Tulbaghia violacea from Bloemfontein</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Polyphenol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tulbaghia violaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">761-767</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In this study, the effects of the home remedy herb &lt;em&gt;Tulbaghia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;violacea&lt;/em&gt; on antioxidants, total polyphenol activity, and cancer were investigated. Using methanol/dichloromethane and aqueous solvents, the extracts were produced. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl assay, and their phenol content by the gallic acid method. The extracts were found to be inactive or weak against the HeLa (cervix), human cancer cell lines TK-10 (renal), and PC3 (prostate). It is suggested that these three human cell lines be tested against extracts of water and methanol/ dichloromethane at higher concentrations. The plant's leaf extract would also be the best substance to test against the human cell lines TK-10, PC-3, and HeLa. The IC50 values for two to three cell lines show that &lt;em&gt;T. violacea &lt;/em&gt;plant extracts (&amp;gt;100 g/ml) have no effect on cells. &lt;em&gt;T. violacea&lt;/em&gt; extract has greater antioxidant activity than the control. A thorough phenolic analysis showed that water leaf extract had the highest quantity of phenolics whereas bulb methanol/dichloromethane extract had the lowest. Both the methanol/dichloromethane and the aqueous extracts have the same characteristics for antioxidant activity. In order to enhance food's nutritional content and quality while also supporting excellent health, it has been found that phenolic compounds alter the color, flavor, and other sensory characteristics of the meal. Additionally, they help plants defend themselves against harm from ROS, molecular damage, microbial invasion, insects, and herbivores.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">761</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pakiso Moses Makhoahle*, Dijeng Euginiah Rampana&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Central University of Technology, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Wahyu Ningsih Munthe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riskianto Riskianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Denny Juvi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jessica Novia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Total Phenolic, and Total Flavonoid of 70% Ethanol Extract of Avocado Seeds (Persea americana Mill.)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avocado seeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Persea americana Mill.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolics.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">599-605</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Avocado seeds (&lt;em&gt;Persea americana &lt;/em&gt;Mill.) are high in phytochemicals and are utilized in herbal medicine. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant activities, total phenolics and flavonoids of the &lt;em&gt;P. americana &lt;/em&gt;seed extract.&lt;em&gt; P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seed extraction was obtained through maceration and reflux using a 70% ethanol solvent. The results obtained were compared in terms of yield productivity, with yields of 43.07 (%) and 39.58 (%) respectively. Phytochemical compounds extracted from &lt;em&gt;P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seeds were tested using the phytochemical screening method, the antioxidant activity assay, the total phenolic analysis, and the total flavonoid analysis. The phytochemical screening showed that &lt;em&gt;P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seeds contain flavonoids, saponins, phenols, tannins, alkaloids, and quinones. The antioxidant activity of the 70% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;P. americana &lt;/em&gt;seeds obtained by maceration and reflux method was 77.298 g/mL and 98.626 g/mL, respectively, meanwhile the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of vitamin C were 12.883 g/mL. The 70% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;P. americana &lt;/em&gt;seeds obtained by maceration and reflux method had total phenolic content of 276.96 mgGAE/g and 294.96 mgGAE/g, and total flavonoid content of 1.73 mgQE/g and 12.70 mgQE/g respectively. This simply implies that the 70% ethanolic extracts from &lt;em&gt;P. americana&lt;/em&gt; seeds obtained through maceration and reflux have strong antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">599</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Wahyu Ningsih Munthe, Riskianto Riskianto, Denny Juvi, Jessica Novia*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universitas Pelita Harapan, Tangerang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santiago M. Benites</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taniht Lisseth Cubas-Romero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emilio German Ramírez-Roca</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic-Like Effect of Cymbopogon Citratus (Lemongrass) Essential Oil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cymbopogon citratus.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674-679</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Essential oils are complex substances that are widely utilized in the practices of aromatherapy. Certain essential oils are recognized for their potential to alleviate anxiety symptoms. This research was conducted to evaluate the effects of &lt;em&gt;Cymbopogon citratus &lt;/em&gt;essential oil on anxiety. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The chemical composition of the extracted essential oil was analyzed using Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). In addition, an experimental study with measures at pretest-posttest was conducted, where 128 participants were divided into two groups, a waiting-list (WL) control group, and an experimental group (EG)treated with aromatherapy based on &lt;em&gt;Cymbopogon citratus&lt;/em&gt; essential oil. The anxiety index was evaluated by Zung Self- Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS).&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The chemical analysis identified geranial (52,1%) and neral (35,2%) as the principal constituents. Anxiety levels decreased in the experimental group during the posttest phase (p&amp;lt;0.05). Besides a large effect size was found for anxiety (d = 0.962; Δ= 0.988) with 1-β=0.999 a percentage of change of -10.99%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cymbopogon citratus&lt;/em&gt; essential oil inhalation showed to be effective in decreasing scores anxiety. Therefore, it has the potential to serve as a supplementary treatment for anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">674</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Santiago M. Benites&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Taniht Lisseth Cubas- Romero&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Emilio German Ramírez- Roca&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Psicología. Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Hospital de Apoyo Chepén, Chepén, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ. 5Escuela de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maslichah Mafruchati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wan Irjani Wan Ismail</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Aqueous Leaf Extract of Moringa Oleifera had Immunomodulatory Effects on Sheep that had Been Infected by Fasciola Gigantica, Clostridium Novyi Naturally and Impact to Fasciola gigantica Non-Embryonated</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytokines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Public health.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">304-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;M., which received a (C), was the study's main objective. The whole thing was eaten. a couple of quotes from (C. dispersed in a liquid. has antibacterial properties (&lt;em&gt;E. elegans&lt;/em&gt;). It's necessary to remove the body. C. Eczema on the face is comparable to this. Sheep and novyi both had organic infections. &lt;em&gt;novyi.&lt;/em&gt; Following different combinations of treatments, a heavy dose of treatment, and a light dose, fasciolitis manifested in all three groups of infected sheep. The treatment groups received an oral 150 mg/kg aqueous &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract every 48 hours for 21 days. Body mass, fecal egg counts, blood anti-Fasciola IgG levels, cytokines (IL-2, IL-17, and IL-10), and C. the elegans' bacterial inhabitants jokingly strike up a conversation with everyone there. Sheep with light and heavy infections gained more weight after receiving &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; treatment and had lower fecal egg counts than control groups; sheep with light infection had a 100% reduction in egg count. The serum concentrations of IL-2, IL-17, and IgG all significantly decreased after M. oleifera treatment. There were significantly higher levels of IL-10 in sheep with both mild and severe infections. C's feces contained noticeably fewer bacteria after taking moringa extract. The two novyi groups had varying degrees of infection severity. Fabricio (F. (as well as OleiferaMdot). C. &lt;em&gt;noteworthy&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;novyi.&lt;/em&gt; M. oleifera aqueous extracts showed a concentration-dependent ovicidal effect on F. gigantica non-embryonated.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">304</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maslichah Mafruchati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wan Irjani Wan Ismail&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (60115), UniversitasAirlangga, Mulyorejo, C Campus, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Science and Marine Environment, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saba Khair Alddin Ibrahim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Serum Irisin and Vaspin in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Mosul City</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FSH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irisin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PCOS.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testosterone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vaspin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">212-215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Patients with “polycystic ovary syndrome” (PCOS) may have changes in adipokine levels due to obesity rather than PCOS per se. This should be taken into account as there is a correlation between adipokine levels and BMI. The objective of the subsequent investigation was to measure serum levels of irisin and vaspin in women with PCOS. In the following study, overall, 140 sample size was selected for the evaluation. These 140 were divided into two groups in which 70 women were on the one group which was the intervention group, and 70 women were in control group. The control group of the study were the women who reportedly had regular and normal menstrual cycle. The results indicated high values of vaspin and irisin. The results of this study and previously published literature suggest that both adipocytokines are associated with high blood glucose levels and higher BMI, and finally, both values remain higher in women with PCOS. Vaspin and irisin could be considered as a biomarker for prognosis and therapy followup in patients with PCOS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">212</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saba Khair Alddin Ibrahim*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Basic Science, Dentistry College, Environmental Researches Center, University of Mosul, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salman Umar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nengsyih Putri Erman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Armenia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Activities of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) on TNF-α, Macrophages and Leukocytes Male White Mice Exposed by H5N1 Virus Antigens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunomodulators</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes types</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macrophages</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253-261</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;Lam.) has been known to have immunostimulatory activity, it can increase the activity and capacity of mice macrophage phagocytosis at optimum dose of 200 mg/kgbw. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine the activity of the ethanol extract of pegagan embun on TNF-α levels, total macrophages, total leukocytes, and percentage of leukocytes types. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Mice were divided into four groups, one group as control was given 0.5% Na CMC suspension, three groups were given pegagan embun extract at a dose of 10 mg/kgbw, 50 mg/kgbw and 200 mg/kgbw orally for 7 days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, all mice were induced with 0.3 mL H5N1 vaccine subcutaneously, then left for 24 hours. After 24 hours, the mice were sacrificed and then TNF-α levels, total macrophages, total leukocytes, and percentage of leukocytes types were determined. The research data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (significance was taken at p&amp;lt;0.05) and continued with the Duncan test.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that pegagan embun extract significantly reduce TNF-α levels and total macrophages, also significantly increase total leukocytes and percentage of leukocyte types in mice (p&amp;lt;0.05). Significant increases and decreases occurred on average at doses of 50 mg/kgbw and 200 mg/kgbw. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on these results, it can be concluded that pegagan embun extract have immunomodulatory activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">253</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salman Umar*, Nengsyih Putri Erman, Armenia, Elsa Badriyya, Yufri Aldi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mark Joseph M. Desamero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liezl M. Atienza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Adrianna Isabella G. Claravall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roxanne P. Gapasin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonna Rose C. Maniwang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dianne Jane A. Sunico</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James Ryan D. Aranzado</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joan I. Delomen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Loraine C. Bainto-Ancheta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katherine Ann T. Castillo-Israel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohani B. Cena-Navarro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Amelita C. Estacio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Oral Toxicity Assessment of Freeze-Dried Lipote Fruit Extract (Syzygium polycephaloides (C. B. Rob.) Merr.) in ICR Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philippine berry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Safety</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490-503</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Lipote (&lt;em&gt;Syzygium polycephaloides &lt;/em&gt;(C. B. Rob.) Merr.) has been traditionally used in Ayurvedic medicine due to its nutritional and bioactive contents. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: An acute oral toxicity test was conducted following the OECD 425 guidelines to investigate the toxic effects of freeze-dried lipote fruit extract (LFE) in male and female ICR mice at doses of 55, 175, 550, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg BW.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: At the end of the 14-day experimentation period, no physical, behavioral, neurologic, or cardiorespiratory signs of toxicity nor mortalities were recorded in LFE-treated mice. Also, physiologic parameters such as body weight, and feed and water intake registered normal throughout the study. Hematologic values such as total RBC, total WBC, and differential WBC for both sexes remained normal, apart from the male mouse administered with 2000 mg/kg LFE dose which presented erythrocytopenia, leukocytopenia, and lymphocytopenia after the end of the experimentation period, most likely due to extraneous factors unrelated to treatment. Meanwhile, the blood creatinine and blood urea nitrogen values remained within their respective normal reference ranges.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: It can be inferred from results of this acute oral toxicity study that LFE is relatively non-toxic, has an LD50 above 5000 mg/kg, and like other closely related&lt;em&gt; Syzygium &lt;/em&gt;berries, does not elicit any adverse effects on the physiologic, hematologic, and blood chemical levels of kidney-filtered substances in mice. Sub-chronic and chronic toxicity studies must be conducted to determine the safety of continuous oral ingestion of lipote fruit.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">490</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mark Joseph M. Desamero&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Liezl M. Atienza&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Adrianna Isabella G. Claravall&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roxanne P. Gapasin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jonna Rose C. Maniwang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dianne Jane A. Sunico&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, James Ryan D. Aranzado&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Joan I. Delomen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Loraine C. Bainto- Ancheta&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Katherine Ann T. Castillo- Israel&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Rohani B. Cena-Navarro&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Maria Amelita C. Estacio&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Human Nutrition and Food, College of Human Ecology, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Extension, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Science and Technology - Science Education Institute, DOST Compound, Bicutan, Taguig City, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture and Food Science, University of the Philippines - Los Baños, Laguna, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;National Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, National Institutes of Health, University of the Philippines - Manila, PHILIPPINES. Correspondence&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabila Robbani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raditya Iswandana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase and DPP-IV Inhibitory Activities of Ethanol Extract from Caesalpinia sappan, Andrographis paniculata, and Syzygium cumini</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographis paniculata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia sappan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPP-IV Inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzygium cumini.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">702-709</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Diabetes is one of the fastest-growing global health problems of the 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; century. Antidiabetic medicine has been widely marketed with various mechanisms of action. However, there are side effects from these drugs. Therefore, most diabetic patients consume herbal as complementary. Plants that have been shown to have potential as an antidiabetic are &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia Sappan, Andrographis Paniculata&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Syzygium Cumini&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;. Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This study aims to examine the in vitro antidiabetic activity of single and combined ethanol extract of those three plants by inhibiting alpha-glucosidase and DPP-IV (Dipeptidyl peptidase IV) enzymes. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity was determined using the paranitrofenil alfa-D-glukopiranosida (pNPG) reaction at a wavelength of 405 nm. Acarbose was used as the positive control. The DPP-IV inhibitory activity using H-Gly-Pro-AMC substrate and detected by fluorescence at λex = 365 nm and λem=415-445 nm. Sitagliptin was used as the positive control. LC-MS analysis was performed to identify the compounds contained in the combined extract. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan &lt;/em&gt;showed better activity to inhibit alpha-glucosidase enzyme than acarbose at IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 9,29 μg/mL. The combined extract obtained higher inhibition as DPP-IV inhibitor than single extract at 63, 69%. The highest compound in the combined extract were 5,7-Dihydroxy-3-(4'-hydroxybenzyl) chromone, Protosappanin E-1, Saurufuran B and candidate mass C&lt;sub&gt;36&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;38&lt;/sub&gt;N4O&lt;sub&gt;5&lt;/sub&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results indicate that single extract or combined extract potential as antidiabetic.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">702</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sabila Robbani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Raditya Iswandana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melva Louisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meuthia Faralita Annisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pamela Basuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brigitta Cindy Lauren</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syarinta Adenina</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-Mangostin Enhances Proliferation in Sorafenib-Surviving HepG2 Liver Cancer Cells by Increasing Anti-Apoptosis and Antioxidant Markers Expressions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer drug resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caspase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatocellular carcinoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ki-67</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">584-590</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sorafenib is the first-line systemic option for treatment in advanced liver cancer. However, sorafenib resistance may develop rapidly, which may involve apoptosis and oxidative stress dysregulations. Several alternative treatments have been suggested to alleviate the delayed resistance of cancer cells to sorafenib, including alpha mangostin (AM). According to an earlier study, AM might be able to overcome doxorubicin resistance in hepatocellular cancer cells. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of AM in sorafenib-surviving HepG2 cells, a hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sorafenib 10 μM was used to treat HepG2 to obtain sorafenib-surviving cells. Subsequently, sorafenib surviving cells were treated with DMSO -(vehicle) or sorafenib (SF) 10 μM or AM 20 μM, or SF 10 μM + AM 20 μM. Afterward, the cells were counted, collected and extracted for RNA. The mRNA expressions of Ki-67, c-Jun, Bcl-2, Bax, Caspase-3 and -9, GPx, and MnSOD were then quantified using qRT-PCR.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Treatment of alpha-mangostin, alone or in combination with sorafenib combined enhanced the expressions of proliferation markers, Ki-67 and c-Jun. In addition, there was a marked increase in mRNA expressions of Bax and BCl2, but not Caspase-3 and -9. There were amplifications of antioxidant markers expressions, GPx, and MnSOD after AM or a combination of sorafenib and AM.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Treatment of alpha mangostin in sorafenib-surviving HCC cells caused an increase in proliferation markers, which might be explained by the reduced expressions of apoptosis markers and enhancement of antioxidant markers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">584</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Melva Louisa&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Meuthia Faralita Annisa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pamela Basuki&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Brigitta Cindy Lauren&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Syarinta Adenina&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical student, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, YARSI University, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Saprasetya Dwi Laksana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harianto Notopuro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arifa Mustika</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameliorative Effects of Moringa (Moringa Oleifera Lam.) Leaves Extract on Lead-Induced Oxidative Stress, Hepcidin and δ-Alad Levels in Rat’s Blood</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepcidin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lead poisoning</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">δ-ALAD</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">856-862</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal that cause a lot health problem. Blood, especially hemoglobin and erythrocyte, is the main target of lead poisoning. Literatures explain that moringa has phytochemical contents to reduce heavy metal poisoning. This study aimed to examine ameliorative effects of moringa leaves extract on oxidative stress, hepcidin increasement and δ-alad level decline induced by lead poisoning in the blood of rat model. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was completely randomized posttest-control group design. Forty-eight males Rattus norvegicus Wistar strain rat were divided into 4 groups. The control group or G0 (given Pb orally doses of 750 mg/kgBW/day for 7 days and was not given 50% ethanol extract of moringa leaves/MLEE). Three treatment groups (G1, G2 and G3), all were given Pb at a dose of 750 mg/kgBW/day orally for 7 days, followed by administration of MLEE for 14 days at a dose of 250 mg/kgBW/day, 500 mg/kgBW/day and 1,000 mg/kg/day orally, respectively. Blood samples were taken one day after 14 days of MLEE treatment. Pb levels was examined by AAS and δ-ALAD levels, GSH levels, MDA levels and hepcidin levels examined by ELISA.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; MLEE doses 1,000 mg/kgBW/day for 14 days increased δ-ALAD levels, GSH levels, hepcidin levels and reduce MDA levels significantly compared to the control group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Moringa leaves ameliorate lead-induced poisoning by reducing oxidative stress, declining hepcidin, and increasing δ-ALAD in the blood of male Rattus norvegicus Wistar strains rats. Moringa leaves is beneficial to address Pb poisoning in the blood through antioxidants, anti-inflammation, and improving δ-ALAD level in the blood of Wistar strain rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">856</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agung Saprasetya Dwi Laksana&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Harianto Notopuro&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Arifa Mustika&lt;sup&gt;4,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47 Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Jenderal Soedirman University, Jl. Dr. Gumbreg No.1, Mersi, Purwokerto 53112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47 Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mayjen Prof. Dr. Moestopo 47 Surabaya 60131, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arifia Safira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinta Atsa Mahesa Rani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roro Ayu Puspitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anindyta Kirana Putri Ayuningtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yayang Amru Mahendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Purnomo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faisal Fikri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shekhar Chhetri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amino Acid and Proximate Analysis of Type-1 Collagen from Sea Cucumber and Tilapia-Skin and its Potential Application as Artificial Tendon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collagen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Key words: Artificial tendon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine biodiversity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sea cucumber</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tilapia-skin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">358-361</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Tendon injury is a medical indication that requires surgical therapy and prolonged recovery. Collagen plays a crucial role in the wound healing process. Collagen maintains homeostasis, interacts with platelets, and enhances cellular components. Most living organisms consist of collagen components as fibrillar proteins. In this study, the potential properties of type-1 collagen from sea cucumber and Tilapia-skin were evaluated depend on proximate analysis, amino acid composition, and moisture-absorption ability. The result showed that Tilapia-skin has a higher protein and fat composition compared to the sea cucumber. In contrast, moisture, ash, and yield composition showed higher for sea cucumber compared to Tilapiaskin. Meanwhile, based on amino acid analysis was revealed that proline, alanine, methionine, isoleucine, leucine, phenylalanine, and lysine were lower on sea cucumber compared to Tilapia-skin. In conclusion, both type-1 collagen material from sea cucumber and Tilapia-skin might be developed as a biomaterial for tendon injury. It is crucial that further studies be carried out to emphasize the potential of biodegradable and bio-replaceable materials using the&lt;em&gt; in vivo &lt;/em&gt;model.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">358</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arifia Safira&lt;sup&gt;1,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Cinta Atsa Mahesa Rani&lt;sup&gt;1,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Roro Ayu Puspitasari&lt;sup&gt;1,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Anindyta Kirana Putri Ayuningtyas&lt;sup&gt;1,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Yayang Amru Mahendra&lt;sup&gt;1,5,&lt;/sup&gt; Agus Purnomo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Faisal Fikri&lt;sup&gt;3,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Shekhar Chhetri&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama&lt;sup&gt;1,5,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Veterinary Anatomy, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Surgery and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Physiology and Pharmacology, Department of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources, Royal University of Bhutan, Lobesa, Punakha, BHUTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Science, School of Health and Life Sciences, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponco Birowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhuda Sahar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Muharam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Ari Pujianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalina Thuffi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi Kusmardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conny Riana Tjempakasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of LH Receptor Expression in the Testes of Infertile Azoospermic Non-Obstructive (NOA) Men at High Serum Prolactin Concentrations</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperprolactinemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LH receptor expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male infertility</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Non obstructive azoospermia (NOA).</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">462-468</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hyperprolactin is one of the endocrine disorders that causes male infertility (11%). The mechanism is not widely known; it is thought to occur through disruption of LH receptor activity on germ cells. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of study to compare the level of prolactin secretion with receptor expression in non-azoospermic infertile men (NOA). &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: During the period from July 2019 to July 2021, 40 samples of testicular tissue and serum were obtained from infertile NOA men, aged 25-50 years who were recruited from Ciptomangunkusumo Hospital (RSCM) Jakarta, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia and Bunda Hospital Jakarta. Subjects were divided into 4 groups based on prolactin levels (20 ng/ml, 20-50 ng/ml, 50-100 ng/ml and 100ng/ml). This group was tested for significance between groups and continued with a correlation test with the level of LH receptor expression. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: ANOVA test showed a significant decrease in LH receptor expression between prolactin levels &amp;lt; 20 ng/mL with levels of 50-100 ng/ml and prolactin levels &amp;gt; 100 ng/ml (P &amp;lt; 0.05). Furthermore, the results of the correlation test showed a significant decrease between prolactin levels and LH receptor expression (P &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The higher the level of prolactin secretion in this sample, there is a decrease in LH receptor expression, so that testosterone production decreases and the spermatogenesis process will be disrupted.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">462</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ponco Birowo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhuda Sahar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, R. Muharam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwi Ari Pujianto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosalina Thuffi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;5-8,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Conny Riana Tjempakasari&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Magister Program Biomedical sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, Jakarta, Indonesia, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Educational and Research Institute, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10340, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Human Cancer Research Cluster, Indonesia Medical Educational and Research Institute, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta 10340, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Programme Study of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Jl. Salemba Raya No.6, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puji Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luluk Yunaini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Anita Suryandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Widia Bela Oktaviani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahma Nur Istiqomah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Umiatin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis Protein APOB and TroponinT in Obese Mice (Musmusculus) Induced by Static Magnetic Field as a Marker of Coronary Heart</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardiovaskular</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Electromagnetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obesity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">627-631</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Obesity is closely related to cardiovascular disease. APOB protein was a better predictor of LDL particle count. Increased troponin T protein is also indicated as an indication of the risk of CHD disease. Static Magnetic Field (SMF) is an electromagnetic applied in therapy because only a simple magnetic disk is used to generate it both&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. The use of SMF is considered to affect the biological state of cells so that it can affect weight loss in mice. The method used was male c57bl/6j mice with groups of Obes0, Obes2, Obes7, Obes 14, and Obes21 fed high-fat diet and then exposed to SMF with an intensity of 2mT for 1 hour. The results obtained were that there was a significant difference p=0.015 (p&amp;lt;0.05) in the protein concentration of APOB and there was no significant difference in the concentration of cTnT taken from the blood serum of mice. The increase in APOB protein levels in each control group was not found to have an increase in cTnT protein so that the two proteins did not have a linear correlation between the two proteins 0.598 (p&amp;gt;0.05). Most of the protein concentrations of APOB and cTnT decreased in concentration at longer days. It can be seen morphologically in the heart there is a decrease in the number of adipose cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">627</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Puji Sari&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Luluk Yunaini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwi Anita Suryandari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Widia Bela Oktaviani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rahma Nur Istiqomah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Umiatin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Master’s Programme in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematical and Natural Science, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TAFT Anuar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IFM Suffian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AA Abdul Hamid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MN Omar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BE Mustafa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WAN Wan Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibition Activity by Syzygium polyanthum Wight (Walp.) Leaves: Mechanism and Specificity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76-84</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; One of the potential antihypertensive mechanisms include angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. So far, there is no in-depth study on the ACE inhibition activity of &lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt;, an ethnomedicinal plant used in treating hypertension. Thus, we aimed to study the ACE inhibition activity of&lt;em&gt; S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves by evaluating its potency, mechanism, and specificity.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves were macerated in a bath-sonicator with either water, methanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane producing aqueous (ASP), methanolic (MSP), ethyl acetate (EASP) and hexane (HSP) extracts. Each extract (100 μg/mL) were initially screened for ACE inhibition activity and then compared with standard drug, captopril (2.06 ng/mL), then the most active extract was further tested at 1 to 1000μg/ml. Inhibition mechanism was studied using zinc chloride and bovine serum albumin (BSA), while inhibition specificity was determined upon screening for α-chymotrypsin and trypsin inhibition activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; ASP at 100 μg/ mL exhibited the highest inhibition activity (69.43 ± 0.60 %) compared to MSP (41.63 ± 0.15 %), EASP (9.62 ± 1.60 %), and HSP (45.40 ± 0.15 %). ASP showed dose-dependent ACE inhibition activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 41 μg/mL. ASP’s ACE inhibition activity was significantly reduced in the presence of BSA, but not upon the presence of zinc chloride. ASP did not significantly inhibit α-chymotrypsin and trypsin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study showed that the enzyme inhibition activity by&lt;em&gt; S. polyanthum &lt;/em&gt;leaves was specific towards ACE. The ACE inhibition possibly occurs via protein precipitation and was non-dependent to the chelation with zinc at ACE active site.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Antihypertensive, ACE, Angiotensin converting enzyme, Hypertension, Syzygium polyanthum&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">76</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;A Ismail&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, TAFT Anuar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, IFM Suffian&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, AA Abdul Hamid&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, MN Omar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, BE Mustafa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, WAN Wan Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedicine Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Aji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Kumala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E Mumpuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D Rahmat</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity and Active Fraction of Zingiber officinale Roscoe, Zingiber montanum (J.Koenig) Link ex A., and Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Sm. Against Propionibacterium acnes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103-111</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Propionibacterium acnes is a commensal bacteria that play a role in developing acne vulgaris on the skin. Antibacterial activity assay in the last decades have shown that Propionibacterium acnes is resistant to several antibiotics. Potential zingiber genera such as &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt;, Z. montanum, and&lt;em&gt; Z. zerumbet&lt;/em&gt; have potential as antibacterial. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to compare the antibacterial activity of &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale,&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;Z. montanum&lt;/em&gt; and Z. zerumbet against Propionibacterium acnes, the active fraction, and the components of the active fraction of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Antibacterial activity test using agar diffusion method, extracts with high antibacterial activity were partitioned with water: n-hexane, n-hexane: methanol, water: ethyl acetate. The fraction was tested for antibacterial activity against P. acnes. The active fraction obtained was identified for its phytochemical content using TLC and GC-MS methods.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the antibacterial activity test of&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale &lt;/em&gt;extract had a larger inhibition zone. The test results of the active fraction&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; had a higher activity than the extract. The results of screening using the GC-MS method obtained that the main components identified from &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; were volatile oil components (α-curcumene, α-zingiberene and zingerone) and oleoresin (6-shogaol). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Extracts of &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Z. montanum &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Z. zerumbet &lt;/em&gt;had antibacterial activity against P. acnes. The highest antibacterial activity in&lt;em&gt; Z. officinal&lt;/em&gt;e both extract and ethyl acetate fraction which is known to contain terpenoids and oleoresin compounds (6-shogaol).&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words&lt;/strong&gt;: Antibacterial, Zingiber officinale, Zingiber montanum, Zingiber zerumbeth, Propionibacterium acnes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;N Aji&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, S Kumala&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, E Mumpuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D Rahmat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Poltekkes Kemenkes Tasikmalaya, Tasikmalaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiana Milanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raden Maya Febriyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Satria Wira Kusuma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajeng Diantini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activity of Selected Raw-Consumed Vegetables in West Java, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edible plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">West Java</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289-295</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Raw-consumed vegetables, known as lalapan, is famous among Sundanese community in West Java because of their heath benefits. In the present study, nine selected raw-consumed vegetables, namely &lt;em&gt;Vigna unguiculata, Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn, Psophocarpus tetragonolobus, Etlingera elatior, Abelmoschus esculentus, Oenanthe javanica, Centella asiatica, Pluchea indica&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pilea trinervia &lt;/em&gt;were screened for their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity. Antibacterial activity test were conducting using disc diffusion method against Serratia marcescens, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter cloacae. Whereas, the cytotoxic activity were examined using WST assay against lung cancer cell line A549. For the antibacterial activity, this study finds that &lt;em&gt;Ocimum tenuiflorum, Etlingera elatior and Pluchea indica&lt;/em&gt; have highest inhibition zone against tested bacteria. Furthemore, the results of the cytotoxicity assay indicated that among the nine plants tested, five plants showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; &amp;lt; 20 μg/mL, including &lt;em&gt;Vigna unguiculata, Ocimum tenuiflorum Linn, Etlingera elatior, Centella asiatica&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pilea trinervia &lt;/em&gt;with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value 13.71 μg/mL, 7.43 μg/mL, 12.45 μg/mL, 5.51 μg/mL and 18.84 μg/mL respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tiana Milanda&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raden Maya Febriyanti&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Satria Wira Kusuma&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ajeng Diantini&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor at Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Doctor in the field of Ethnopharmacy and Lecturer at Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;PhD Student in Molecular Bioscience Program Rutgers the State University of New Jersey, United States of America and lecturer at Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Professor in Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy at Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Em Sutrisna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aris Fitriani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Effect of Nigella sativa L. Seed from Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigella sativa L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus epidermidis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1029-1032</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa &lt;/em&gt;L. was allegedly to has antibacterial effect. The aim of this research is to investigate antibacterial effect of ethanolic extracts of 96% &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; L. from Indonesia toward &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus&lt;/em&gt; aureus, &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; and Streptococcus epidermidis. The Antibacterial activity of of &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; L toward &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;epidermidis &lt;/em&gt;using the well method. The 96% ethanolic extract of 12,5; 25;50 and 100% (mg/ml)inhibit growth of &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;aureus&lt;/em&gt; (with inhibition zone 11.06; 29.58; 28.22; 30.84 mm respectively) and &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus epidermidis&lt;/em&gt; (20.90; 31.90; 29.93; 33.07 mm respectively). Ethyl acetate fraction of 96% ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa &lt;/em&gt;concentration of 6,25; 12,5; 25;50 and 100% (mg/ml) inhibit growth of &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; (12.91; 15.06; 19.19; 37.48; 46.18 mm respectively and Streptococcus epidermidis (19.07; 19.21; 20.22; 21.62; 40.00 mm respectively). Ethanolic 96% extract and ethyl acetate fraction of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; have antibacterial effect toward &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus&lt;/em&gt; aureus and &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus epidermidis invitro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1029</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Em Sutrisna&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aris Fitriani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Politeknik Kesehatan Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syafira Amelia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypercholesterolemic Power of Red Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Peel Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atherosclerosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hylocereus polyrhizus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LDL cholesterol levels</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Red dragon fruit peel.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518-523</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The decoction of red dragon fruit peel contains chemical components with antioxidant activity of lowering blood LDL cholesterol levels. Objective: This research aimed to evaluate the antihypercholesterolemic power of red dragon fruit peel ethanolic extract.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 24 mice were divided into four treatment groups, each receiving distilled water at dose 0.39 ml/20 g body weight (A), red dragon fruit peel extract at dose 5.40 mg/20 g body weight (B) and 10.80 mg/20 g body weight (C), also simvastatin at dose 0.026 mg/20 g body weight (D). All experimental animals were given high fat intake in cow brain suspension for 60 days to increase LDL cholesterol levels in the blood. For 14 consecutive days, hypercholesterolemic mice were given test preparations. Mice were sacrificed on day 75 for blood and aortic samples. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The average blood LDL cholesterol levels in mice were 91.67 mg/dl, 63.23 mg/dl, 43.52 mg/dl, and 32.94 mg/dl (p&amp;lt;0.05%). Meanwhile, the average aortic score was 1.09, 0.79, 0.76, and 0.91 in the groups A, B, C and D, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Red dragon fruit peel extract at a dose of 5.4 mg/20 g and 10.8 mg/20 g body weight reduces blood LDL cholesterol levels and the risk of atherosclerosis&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">05</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">518</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan*, Syafira Amelia&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tanjungpura University. Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Bansir Laut, Kec. Pontianak Tenggara, Kota Pontianak, West Kalimantan 78124, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KA Radzun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MHH Rusmidi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Norisam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Iran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">F Pardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">WRWA Razak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SRA Hafid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effects of Astaxanthin Extracted from Microalgae Hematococcus pluvialis and Combinations with Palm Tocotrienol Rich-Fraction in RAW 264.7 Macrophages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">205-215</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Astaxanthin and tocotrienols, known as antioxidants derived from natural compounds and shown to have anti-inflammatory properties. This study aims to investigate the effects of a combination of astaxanthin extracted from&lt;em&gt; Hematococcus pluvialis&lt;/em&gt; microalga and palm tocotrienols rich-fraction (TRF) on inflammatory reaction in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse RAW 264.7 macrophages cells. MTT assay was used to test cell viability and nitrite oxide (NO) was determined using Griess assay. Isobologram confirmed that the combined treatment produced synergistic effect and measurement of inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin 6 (IL-6) and interleukin 12 (IL-12) through ELISA assay. Our results showed that the combination of astaxanthin and TRF exhibited inflammatory markers such as NO production. The concentration of astaxanthin ranging from 10 to 100 μg/mL and TRF at 4-25 μg/mL had no toxicity and achieved higher cell viability. The combination treatments led to more potent inhibition of NO production compared to single treatments. Combination Index (CI) was achieved from the combination treatments at IC80, resulting in synergism at a CI value of 0.81. Furthermore, ELISA showed that the combined treatment significantly further reduced the expression levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IL-12. Our findings suggest that the combination of astaxanthin and TRF enhanced anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities in stimulated macrophages and may act synergistically to produce health effects reducing inflammation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words: &lt;/strong&gt;Inflammation, Tocotrienol-Rich Fraction, Astaxanthin, Antioxidant, Combination, Macrophages&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">205</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;KA Radzun&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, MHH Rusmidi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, MAM Aini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, I Norisam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, N Iran&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, F Pardi&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, A Ismail&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, WRWA Razak&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, SRA Hafid&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Malaysian Palm Oil Board, No.6 Persiaran Institusi, Bandar Baru Bangi, Kajang Selangor D.E, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Institute for Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nia Yuniarsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afiat Berbudi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anas Subarnas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalaria Activities of Several Active Compounds from Medicinal Plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245-252</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The growth and spread of resistance to all first-line antimalarial drugs used in the treatment of malaria today has caused many problems in eradicating malaria in various countries in the world. Researchers have begun to look for candidates for new antimalarial drug compounds derived from natural products that have been scientifically proven to have antimalarial activity. This is done to replace antimalarial drugs that are currently experiencing resistance. Some active compounds that have been successfully isolated from various plants, including curcumin, kaempferol, piperine, andrographolide, α-mangostin, catechin, luteolin and betulinic acid, have been scientifically tested to have antimalarial activity with different mechanisms of action.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Malaria, Antimalarial, Curcumin, Kaempferol, Piperine, Andrographolide, α-Mangostin, Catechin, Luteolin, Betulinic acid.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%"> Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nia Yuniarsih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Afiat Berbudi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anas Subarnas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Buana Perjuangan Karawang University, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Parasitology Division, Faculty of Medicine, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rina Hidayati Pratiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eva Oktarina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wibowo Mangunwardoyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iman Hidayat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Saepudin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Compound from Endophytic Pseudomonas azotoformans UICC B-91 of Neesia altissima (Malvaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172-181</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Centrifugated extract of endophytic &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas azotoformans&lt;/em&gt; strain UICC B-91 has been observed for its antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli ATCC 8739,&lt;em&gt; Bacillus cereus &lt;/em&gt;ATCC 10876, &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;ATCC 6583, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923,&lt;em&gt; Salmonella typhimurium&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 25241, &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 15442, &lt;em&gt;Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 19659 and &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 10231, with minimum concentration in the range 250 μg/mL. But, the novel compound of the bioactive substances which relevant for antimicrobial activity have not been described. Further fractionation and identification of the extract by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and liquid chromatography mass spectrophotometry (LCMS-MS) detected several compound as futoamide (C&lt;sub&gt;18&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;23&lt;/sub&gt;NO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;), gentialutine (C9H11NO), gentiabetine (C&lt;sub&gt;9&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;11&lt;/sub&gt;NO2), 1-[(2E,4E)-2,4-decadienoyl]pyrrolidine (C&lt;sub&gt;14&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;23&lt;/sub&gt;NO), lycopodine (C&lt;sub&gt;16&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;25&lt;/sub&gt;NO) and dihydrolycopodine (C&lt;sub&gt;16&lt;/sub&gt;H&lt;sub&gt;27&lt;/sub&gt;NO). The majority compounds containing CHON elements with molecular weight approximately 100-450 Da.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Keywords:&lt;/strong&gt; Alkaloid, Antimicrobial compound, Extraction, P. azotoformans.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">127</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rina Hidayati Pratiwi&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Eva Oktarina&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Wibowo Mangunwardoyo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Iman Hidayat&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Endang Saepudin&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Education, Faculty of Post Graduated, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, South Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Education, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indraprasta PGRI, East Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Biomaterial, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Cibinong, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candra Irawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imalia Dwi Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maman Sukiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratna Komala Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anisa Lisandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrean Nur Pratama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP Methods, as well as Activity of Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibiting Enzymes from Tinospora crispa (L.) Stem Ultrasonic Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tinospora crispa (L.)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrasound-assisted extraction.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">511-520</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims: &lt;/strong&gt;The goal of this work was to get the stem extract of &lt;em&gt;Tinospora crispa&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;L&lt;/em&gt;.) using ultrasoundassisted extraction (UAE) with duration and amplitude changes to achieve optimal extraction conditions. The antioxidant potential of the extract as measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), CUPRAC (Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity), FRAP (Ferric Reducing Ability of Plasma), and its antidiabetic potential. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The third test of antioxidant methods showed that the measurement of antioxidant activity with, DPPH, CUPRAC, and FRAP gave significantly different results, but CUPRAC and FRAP gave the same response to the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Tinospora crispa&lt;/em&gt; stems, it can be concluded that the extract of &lt;em&gt;Tinospora crispa&lt;/em&gt; stems in all treatments had strong antioxidant activity using either the CUPRAC or methods FRAP. In addition, it is very active as an antidiabetic by inhibiting alpha glucosidase. The optimum extract selected was extract B (extraction time was 35 minutes and amplitude 65%) with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for antioxidant activity in the CUPRAC method of 72.53 ± 0.18 mg/L and the FRAP method of 152.29 ± 2.16 mg/L, while the inhibition of alpha glucosidase was 0.30 ± 0.006 mg/L.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">511</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Candra Irawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Imalia Dwi Putri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maman Sukiman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Andita Utami&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismail&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ratna Komala Putri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anisa Lisandi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andrean Nur Pratama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Nanotechnology, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Industrial Waste Treatment, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Analysis, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Research and Development Planning Agency, Tanggamus District, Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asep Sukohar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suharyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutyarso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hendri Busman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuning Nurcahyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Evi Kurniawaty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Melinjo (Gnetum gnemon L.) Seed Fractions on HeLa Cell Line an In Vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melinjo</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559-564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Medicinal plants have been investigated for possible anti-cancer effects. One of them is&lt;em&gt; Gnetum gnemon&lt;/em&gt; L (melinjo). This study aims determined&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant activity and the cytotoxic effects of polar, semipolar and non polar melinjo seed fractions againts HeLa cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The melinjo seed were extracted with ethanol as a solvent. Then, the fractionation was done using liquidliquid extraction method with three different polarity solvent. Cytotoxic activity was carried out using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) colorimetric assay in HeLa cell lines at concentrations ranging from 25 to 400 μg/mL. Antioxidant activity was determined by the diphenyl picryl hidrazil (DPPH) radical scavenging method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Phytochemical screening indicated the presence of phyto-constituents like flavonoids, terpenoid and tanin. The DPPH scavenging activity by the melinjo seed aqueous, ethyl acetate and N-hexane fraction was 733,12 ± 18,95 μg/mL; 68,40 ± 1,9 μg/mL and 2035,70 ± 65,59 μg/mL, respectively. The cytotoxic activity of the melinjo seed fractions showed that the ethyl acetate was the most active fraction against HeLa cell line with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value 45,27 μg/mL.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, we have observed that the melinjo seed fractions exhibited antioxidant and cytotoxic activity against HeLa cell lines. This is presumably due to the content of phytochemicals and stilbenoids such as resveratrol and gnetin C. Melinjo seeds are more potent as anticancer Compared with other plants that also contain RSV such as grape extract (&lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; L.) against lung cancer cells (A549). From the three fractions, the ethyl acetate fraction had the highest antioxidant and cytotoxic effect compared to the water and n-hexane fractions. &lt;em&gt;Gnetum gnemon&lt;/em&gt; L. can be considered as a potential source of anticancer agents. However, more research is needed to determine the mechanism of action.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Asep Sukohar1, Suharyani&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutyarso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hendri Busman&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nuning Nurcahyani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Evi Kurniawaty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Magister Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anindya Nariswari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Supriyanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hery Purnobasuki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hunsa Punnapayak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wichanee Bankeeree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sehanat Prasongsuk</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wiwied Ekasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Antiplasmodial Activities of Sonchus arvensis L. Leaf Ethyl Acetate Fractions</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biological activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia coli.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium falciparum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonchus arvensis L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993-998</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Infection is one of the health problems and a disease that mainly causes death. Malaria is a parasitic infection that is transmitted through the Anopheles sp. The female then causes infection and besides malaria, other contaminants that caused infection are bacteria such as&lt;em&gt; Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;. This study aims to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antiplasmodial activity of &lt;em&gt;Sonchus arvensis&lt;/em&gt; L. ethyl acetate fractions. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;antiplasmodial activity was carried out by Rieckman methods against Plasmodium falciparum strain 3D7&lt;em&gt;. In vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity was conducted by Prieto method against (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH). Then antimicrobial activity was performed using well diffusion method against &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus. &lt;/em&gt;Maceration of &lt;em&gt;S. arvensis&lt;/em&gt; L. dried leaves used n-hexane and ethyl acetate successively. Then the ethyl acetate extract was fractionated by vacuum column chromatography, using n-hexane and ethyl acetate as mobile phases. There are five fraction groups based on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) analysis. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of antioxidant and antiplasmodial activity showed that fraction IV was the lowest value and categorized as active for antioxidant (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=22.56 μg/mL), for antiplasmodial (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=12.07 μg/mL). Fraction IV also had antimicrobial activity, with diameter of inhibition zone (DIZ) of 19.22 mm against Escherichia coli and 17.167 mm against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwi Kusuma Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Anindya Nariswari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Supriyanto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hery Purnobasuki&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hunsa Punnapayak&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wichanee Bankeeree&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sehanat Prasongsuk&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wiwied Ekasari&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Airlangga University Surabaya, East Java, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Biomass Utilization Research Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University Surabaya, East Java, 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candra Irawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maman Sukiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imalia Dwi Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrean Nur Pratama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Ilham Kumala Zalni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity and Potential as an Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor in Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruit Peel Ultrasonic Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">305-312</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;(Scheff.) Boerl is native to the tropical region of Papua Island, Indonesia, and has traditionally been used as a herbal drink, either alone or in combination with other medicinal plants, to treat diseases such as cancer, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to obtain the fruit peel extract of &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (Scheff.) Boerl. through the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with variations in time and amplitude to produce optimal extraction conditions. The potential of the extract as an antioxidant using the cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, and its potential as an antidiabetic through alpha glucosidase inhibition. The optimum extract selected was extract C (extraction time was 45 minutes and amplitude 60%) with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for antioxidant activity in the CUPRAC method of 39.63 ± 0.009 mg/L and the FRAP method of 77.37 ± 0.8 mg/L, while the inhibition of alpha glucosidase was 0.45 ± 0.007 mg/L. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Phaleria macrocarpa &lt;/em&gt;fruit peel has the potential as a source of antioxidants and anti-diabetic.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">08</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">305</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Candra Irawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maman Sukiman&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ismail&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Imalia Dwi Putri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Andita Utami&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andrean Nur Pratama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Ilham Kumala Zalni&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Nanotechnology, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Industrial Waste Treatment, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Analysis, Politeknik AKA Bogor, Jalan Pangeran Sogiri, Tanah Baru, Bogor 16154, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Research and Development Planning Agency, Tanggamus District, Lampung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vera Ladeska</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content and Toxicity Assay of Ampelas (Tetracera macrophylla Wall.Ex Hook.F.&amp; Thoms) From Kalimantan-Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetracera macrophylla</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">642-648</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: High Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) contribute to disease pathogenesis. Phenolic compounds and flavonoids are effective as antioxidants. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This research aimed to measure the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid content and leaf toxicity of&lt;em&gt; Tetracera macrophylla.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;DPPH and FRAP were used to determine antioxidants, and the Folin–Ciocalteu method was used for total phenolic content, total flavonoid content with AlCl3 and toxicity with MTT assay against RAW 264.7 cells. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanol extract has antioxidant activity with IC50 = 81.582 μg/mL (DPPH) and 11840 mol/g (FRAP), total phenolic content of 353.781 mg GAE/g dry weight, and flavonoid content of 279.2 mg QE/g dry weight. The ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts had weaker antioxidant activity than the methanol extracts. The IC50 toxicity assay methanol extract and ethyl acetate extract respectively showed 288.792 μg/mL and 541.472 μg/mL.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Tetracera macrophylla&lt;/em&gt; showed the highest yield, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content and had the highest antioxidant activity. Methanol extract has low toxicity to RAW 264.7 cells.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">642-648</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vera Ladeska&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Science Muhammadiyah Prof.Dr. Hamka,13460, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian National Research and Innovation Institute, Serpong, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy University of Pancasila, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anatomic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jesús Rojas-Jaimes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marco Mesía-Guevara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Rojas-Puell</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Castañeda- Pelaez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiparasitic effect of Psidium guajava on promastigotes and axenic amastigotes of Leishmania</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amastigote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leishmania</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Promastigote</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Psidium guajava</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">973-977</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Leishmaniasis is a stigmatic and mutilating disease due to pathogenic species of the genus Leishmania which, depending on the species and the individual's immune status, may vary clinically from a cutaneous, mucosal, and visceral form, and for which there is no suitable treatment without significant side effects.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;To measure the effect of ethanolic and aqueous extracts of&lt;em&gt; Psidium guajava&lt;/em&gt; against axenic promastigotes and amastigotes of &lt;em&gt;Leishmania spp.&lt;/em&gt; Methods: The method of [3- (3,4 -dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5- diphenyltetrazolium bromide] was used to study the antiparasitic effects of ethanolic (100mg/mL) and aqueous (100mg/mL) extracts of &lt;em&gt;Psidium guajava&lt;/em&gt; on axenic amastigotes cultures (8.1 x103 parasite/mL) and promastigotes (12 x 104 parasite/mL) obtained from a patient with cutaneous&amp;nbsp;leishmaniasis, and the percentage of parasite death was evaluated in comparison with Glucantime (300mg/mL) and untreated parasite cultures. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Regarding parasite death in promastigotes, the ethanolic and aqueous extracts had a percentage of 22.58% and -45.16%, respectively, with no significant difference between treatments (N=3) (p= 0.058). In contrast, the ethanolic and aqueous extracts had an antiparasitic percentage of 91.67% and -70.83%, respectively, with a significant difference between treatments (N=3) (p&amp;lt;0.05).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Our study showed high and significant effectiveness in parasite death (91.67%) of &lt;em&gt;Leishmania&lt;/em&gt; axenic amastigotes of the ethanolic extract (100mg/mL) of &lt;em&gt;Psidium guajava,&lt;/em&gt; being this result promising and the basis for in vivo studies, using the ethanolic extraction of P. guajava&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">973-977</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jesús Rojas-Jaimes&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marco Mesía-Guevara&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maria Rojas- Puell&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Castañeda- Pelaez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Privada del Norte, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duc Minh Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quang Canh Tran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minh Trung Do</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duc Thinh Pham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thi Hong Hanh Le</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Duy Bac Nguyen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Van Thu Nguyen</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Ulcer Activity of Spray-dried Powders Prepared from Aerial Parts Extracts of Ampelopsis cantoniensis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ampelopsis cantoniensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiulcer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spray drying</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">276-281</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ampelopsis cantoniensis &lt;/em&gt;is called “Che day” in Vietnam and has been used as a traditional treatment for inflammatory diseases. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Plant material and hydroalcoholic extract were processed and analyzed for their physicochemical characteristics. A method using HPLC was validated to quantify ampelopsin. Hydroalcoholic extract was spray dried and the powder obtained was characterized in terms of its physicochemical parameters and potential for antiulcerogenic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The analytical method proved to be selective, linear, accurate, sensitive. &lt;em&gt;A. cantoniensiss&lt;/em&gt; pray dried extract (ACP) was obtained using colloidal silicon dioxide as adjuvant and was shown to possess 25.94 % ampelopsisn. It showed significant antiulcer activity in a model of an indomethacin-induced gastric lesion in rats and also produced a gastroprotective effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">276</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Duc Minh Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Quang Canh Tran&lt;sup&gt;2#&lt;/sup&gt;, Minh Trung Do&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Duc Thinh Pham&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Thi Hong Hanh Le&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Duy Bac Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;,*,Van Thu Nguyen&lt;sup&gt;3,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Traditional Medicine &amp;amp; Pharmacy Development and Application, National Hospital of Acupuncture, 49 Thai Thinh, Dong Da District, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Haiduong Medical Technical University, No 1 Vu Huu street, Thanh Binh ward, Hai Duong city, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Vietnam Military Medical University, 160 Phung Hung, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;Authors contributed equally&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miloud Chakit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rezklah Boussekkour</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aboubaker El Hessni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Youssef Bahbiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Redouan Nakache</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hicham El Mustaphi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhalim Mesfioui</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiurolithiatic Activity of Aqueous Extract of Ziziphus lotus on Ethylene Glycol-Induced Lithiasis in Rats </style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethylene glycol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urinary parameter</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ziziphus lotus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596-602</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In Morocco, &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; is commonly used as an urolithiatic agent in the traditional medicine. To confirm this effect, an aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Ziziphus lotus&lt;/em&gt; (AEZL) has been studied in ethylene glycolinduced urolithiasis model of rats. 30 male rats were randomly divided into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as a vehicle control and received distilled water (0.5 ml/100 g p.o.). All remaining groups received calculi inducing treatment for 28 days, comprised of 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol with 1% w/v ammonium chloride in drinking water ad libitum for 3 days followed by only 0.75% v/v ethylene glycol for 25 days. Group II served as lithiatic control and received distilled water (0.5 ml/100 g p.o.). Group III served as curative treatment group and received AEZL at doses of 150 mg/kg from 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day to 28&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day. Group VI served as preventive treatment group and received AEZL at doses of 150 mg/kg from 1st day to 28th day. Group V served as therapeutic and received a drug “Cystone” at dose of 750 mg/kg from 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day to 28&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;day. The extract treatment decreased the levels of oxalate and calcium in urine. Crystalluria analysis showed that untreated rats excreted large CaOx monohydrate and few dihydrate crystals while treated animals excreted mostly small CaOx dihydrate crystals. Significant similarity was observed between preventive and therapeutic anti-urolithiatic effect of AEZL and anti-urolithiatic effect of cystone (P&amp;lt;0.001). These results demonstrated that AEZL have an anti-urolithiatic effect with preventive and therapeutic treatments in this experimental condition.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">596</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Miloud Chakit*, Rezklah Boussekkour, Aboubaker El Hessni, Youssef Bahbiti, Redouan Nakache, Hicham El Mustaphi, Abdelhalim Mesfioui&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Biology and Health Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Ibn Tofail University, Kenitra, Morocco.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Napapat Rattanachitthawat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sirichet Rattanachitthawat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nichakan Peerakam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Wrinkle Activity of Clausena harmandiana Essential Oil and Development of a Bioactive Nano-Drug Delivery System for Cosmetic Applications</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti -hyaluronidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-collagenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Elastase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-wrinkle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clausena harmandiana</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microemulsions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">416-422</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Clausena harmandiana (Song Fa) leaves are a source of essential oil, in which the dominant compound is trans-anethole and reported the high antioxidant activity but the inhibition of biological enzymes related to anti-wrinkle activity is limit. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The objectives of this study are to investigate the ability of Song Fa leaf essential oil (SFEO) to inhibit enzymes that cause skin wrinkles and then to develop a bioactive ingredient in a nano-drug delivery system for anti-ageing cosmetic products.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fresh leaves of Song Fa were distilled and their essential oil obtained. Then, the anti-collagenase, elastase, and hyaluronidase activities were investigated and compared with those of an oleanolic acid standard. Then, SFEO was developed into a microemulsion by using Tween 80 as a surfactant and ethanol as a co-surfactant in a ratio of 1:1.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;SFEO presented the highest inhibitory activities against hyaluronidase and collagenase (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 10.94±1.06 and 19.06±0.06 μg/ml, respectively), which were close to those of oleanolic acid (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 7.43±0.58 and 16.75±0.14 μg/ml), followed by elastase (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 121.47±2.80 μg/ml). Two microemulsion formulas with different amounts of essential oil, 1% and 5% w/w, were formulated and evaluated for their enzyme inhibitory activities. The results showed that 5% Song Fa microemulsion inhibited collagenase and elastase (35.78% and 99.35%, respectively) by more than 1% Song Fa microemulsion (34.22% and 92.67%, respectively) and only the 5% Song Fa microemulsion formula exhibited anti-hyaluronidase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This information will benefit the development of essential-oil-based products and increase the utilization of medicinal plants in the cosmetic industry.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">24</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">416</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Napapat Rattanachitthawat&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sirichet Rattanachitthawat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nichakan Peerakam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Burapha University, Chonburi Province, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Agricultural Technology, Burapha University, Sakaeo Campus, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lurdes Tuesta-Collantes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic and Antidepressant-like Effects of Foeniculum vulgare Essential Oil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oils</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Foeniculum vulgare</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425-431</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: The aim of this research was to determine the anxiolytic and antidepressant-like effects of the essential oils from &lt;em&gt;Foeniculum vulgare &lt;/em&gt;aerial parts and seeds.&lt;strong&gt; Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The oils were extracted by hydro-distillation using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and chemical composition was performed by Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Furthermore, an experimental trial was conducted, where 117 participants were divided into three groups, comprising a waiting list control group and two experimental groups treated with essential oils. The anxiety and depression indexes were evaluated by Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;chemical analysis showed that trans- Anethole was the main component, both in the essential oil from aerial parts (35.5%) and seeds (79.2%). Anxiety and depression scores showed a decrease in posttest study phase in comparison with pretest in all experimental groups (p&amp;lt;0.05), except for depression scores in the group treated with essential oil from aerial parts (p&amp;gt;0.05). Small changes were found in the case of anxiety for group treated with essential oils from aerial parts (d = 0.41; Δ= 0.40) while moderate (d = 0.86; Δ = 0.85) and small (d = 0.38; Δ = 0.39) changes were found for anxiety and depression respectively, in the group treated with essential oil from seeds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The essential oil from &lt;em&gt;Foeniculum vulgare&lt;/em&gt; seeds is more effective to relief anxiety than depression while the essential oil from&lt;em&gt; Foeniculum vulgare&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts only exhibit small changes for anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">425</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado- García&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vasquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lurdes Tuesta-Collantes&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Medicina. Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustaqim Apriyansa Rahmadhan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wihasto Suryaningtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dyah Fauziah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Ketut Sudiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budi Utomo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquaporine 4 Expression on End Feet Astrocyte Before and After Cerebrospinal Fluid Drainage of Hydrocephalus Mice Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AQP4.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aquaporin 4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CSF</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drainage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocephalus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1054-1060</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aquaporin &lt;/em&gt;(AQP) is a family of integral membrane proteins that function as water channels. AQP facilitates the transport of water across the plasma cell membrane. AQP lining the periventricular wall in the presence of edema may impair the function of the AQP to prevent or facilitate proper movement of water. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;We analyze the effect of hydrocephalus and CSF drainage on the expression levels of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) end feet astrocytes in a hydrocephalus mice model. The test was carried out using a mice model of hydrocephalus induced with kaolin, then CSF drainage was performed on the 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; and 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, and compared the levels of AQP4 expression in each group. Data showed an increase in AQP4 excretion levels in astrocyte end feet along with the duration of hydrocephalus (p = 0.001) in comparison between hydrocephalus mice on the 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, and 21&lt;sup&gt;st&lt;/sup&gt; days. AQP4 before and after CSF drainage, comparison of the hydrocephalus group on day 21 with the group of mice undergoing CSF drainage (p&amp;lt;0.05). The results showed that the CSF drainage treatment was proven to reduce the level of AQP4. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is the first study to describe immunohistochemical distribution of AQP4 after drainage hydrocephalus model in mice end feet astrocyte. The AQP4 expression and distribution in after drainage hydrocephalus model was comparable 14&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;and 21&lt;sup&gt;st &lt;/sup&gt;day of hydrocephalus but 7 days after drainage. Larger studies are needed to substantiate the influence of breed and ageing on AQP4 expression after drainage of hydrocephalus model.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1054</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mustaqim Apriyansa Rahmadhan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Arifin Parenrengi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wihasto Suryaningtyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dyah Fauziah&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, I Ketut Sudiana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Budi Utomo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muthear N Dawood</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shaymaa AH. Jassim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maab Azmi Fadel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imad A. Thanoon</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artificial Sweeteners Perturbed Liver Enzymes in Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artificial Sweeteners</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bilirubin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver Enzyme</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">553-557</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In the recent time there has been an increased demand of low-fat or low calorie diet universally. In the mean while the availability of low calorie products has also increased like sugar free drinks, beverages, biscuits, jams and jellies. On contrary to this, some studies suggest that the prolong use of non-nutritive sweeteners alters the homeostasis of glucose and insulin. It results in fluctuation of glucose level in blood and increase in bodyweight. This study intends to evaluate the effect of non-nutritive sweeteners on the liver function test and record the alteration in the levels of ALP, AST and ALT. Seventy rats were divided into seven equal groups, controlled group received distilled water and the rest six were given NNS Sucrose, Stevia, Sucralose, Saccharine Aspartame and Acesulfame-k, respectively. On the evaluation of Alanine aminotransferase ALT, saccharine and aspartame markedly increased the level of ALT from 40U/L to 80 U/L. Both of these NNS have shown the most raised level of Alanine aminotransferase. This represents the stress on the liver associated with the use of NNS and suggests the use to be controlled in humans.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">553</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muthear N Dawood&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Shaymaa AH. Jassim&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maab Azmi Fadel&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Imad A. Thanoon&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;College of Medicine, Ninevah University, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, IRAQ. 4College of Medicine, University of Mosul, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annysa Ellycornia Silvyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratika Rahmasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica Hexane Extract: Potent Antibacterial Activity Against Propionibacterium acne and Identification of its Chemicals Content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Propionibacterium acne</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical content.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hexane extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">489-496</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Acne is a skin surface disease that appears when the excessive fat deposits clogged the skin pores, causes the growth of acne-causing bacteria and stimulates inflammation.&lt;em&gt; Propionibacterium acnes&lt;/em&gt; is one of common acne-causing bacteria which usually manage by synthetic chemical-based drug. However, the presence of its long- used side effects pointed the urgent need of new anti &lt;em&gt;P. acne&lt;/em&gt; drug discovery. &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica &lt;/em&gt;is a medicinal plant which empirically used as antibacterial. &lt;em&gt;A. indica &lt;/em&gt;leaves has been reported to exhibit activity against&lt;em&gt; P. acne &lt;/em&gt;but limited to ethanol extract. Thus, the evaluation of other extract- and identification of active compound(s) against&lt;em&gt; P. acne&lt;/em&gt; is needed to be explore.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; First, the microscopic morphology of &lt;em&gt;A. indica&lt;/em&gt; leaves were observed using Scanning Electron Microscope. The leaves were then extracted sequentially by hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvent using the ultrasonic assisted extraction method, followed by its in vitro anti- &lt;em&gt;P. acne&lt;/em&gt; activity evaluation. The most active extract was further evaluated for its chemical(s) content by LC-MS. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Scanning Electron Microscope identified the presence of oxalate in the leaves of &lt;em&gt;A. indica.&lt;/em&gt; Evaluation of the anti-&lt;em&gt;P. acne &lt;/em&gt;activity showed that the hexane extract had highest anti-&lt;em&gt;P. acne &lt;/em&gt;compared to others. Further chemical identification showed that hexane extract contains three steroids, one saturated acids and one phenolic compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A. indica&lt;/em&gt; hexane extract leaf is prospective to be developed as an acne antibacterial.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">02</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">489</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Annysa Ellycornia Silvyana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ratika Rahmasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemical, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alan Dharmasaputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Risma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annisa Ullya Rasyida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azasterol Inhibition and Pharmacokinetic Effects on Thymidylate Synthase-Dihydrofolate Reductase from T. gondii: In Silico Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azasterol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">in silico</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxoplasmosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TS-DHFR.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">571-575</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Toxoplasmosis is a disease that causes health problems and can be found worldwide with a percentage of more than 60%, especially in developing countries such as Indonesia. Pyrimethamine-resistant strains of &lt;em&gt;T. gondii &lt;/em&gt;have been found, and it may contribute to reducing therapeutic failure in the future. Azasterol is a synthetic analog of solacongestidine, which can potentially be used as a new anti-toxoplasma drug. Resistance to the anti-toxoplasma drug, Pyrimethamine, makes Azasterol a very profitable discovery as a new anti-toxoplasma drug. This study aimed to determine the inhibitory and pharmacokinetic effects of Azasterol compounds on the development of &lt;em&gt;T. gondii &lt;/em&gt;based on &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; studies. This oneshot experimental study analyzed the predicted inhibitory effect of Azasterol on Thymidylate synthasedihydrofolate reductase (TS-DHFR) from&lt;em&gt; T. gondii&lt;/em&gt; to observe the pharmacokinetic prediction and toxicity test of the Azasterol compound. Besides, this one-shot experimental study utilized the&lt;em&gt; in silico &lt;/em&gt;method. According to the results of molecular docking, Azasterol had an interaction with the TS-DHFR protein in the same binding area as the Pyrimethamine – TS-DHFR and Sulfadiazine – TS-DHFR complexes. Azasterol binding energy was higher than that of Pyrimethamine and Sulfadiazine. Azasterol had a good pharmacokinetic effect and had minimal toxic effects on the body.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">571</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alan Dharmasaputra, Risma*, Annisa Ullya Rasyida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rini Prastiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ema Dewanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cut Mauliza</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ester Hidayati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ita Anggraini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riska Anggraini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vera Ladeska</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Acute Toxicity of Ki Hampelas Leaves (Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ki Hampelas ( Sterculia rubiginosa Zoll. Ex Miq)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">570-576</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Ki Hampelas (&lt;em&gt;Sterculia rubiginosa&lt;/em&gt; Zoll. Ex Miq) is a medicinal plant with antioxidant and nephroprotective activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research aims to prove that Ki Hampelas leaves extract through an acute toxicity test. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used white male rats of the&lt;em&gt; Sprague-Dawley&lt;/em&gt; strain divided into four groups, the normal group and the 50 mg/ kg, 1000 mg/kg, 2000 mg/kg dose groups. For the acute toxicity test, a single dose with an observation of 14 days. After that, the surgery was done to see changes in the histopathology of the liver and kidneys. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The administration of Ki Hampelas leaf extract in the acute toxicity test did not cause death in the tested animals. There were no significant liver and kidney changes seen from the SGOT, SGPT, creatinine, urea, and histopathology. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Ki Hampelas leaves extract did not cause death and toxic effects in the acute toxicity test.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">570</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rini Prastiwi*, Ema Dewanti, Cut Mauliza, Ester Hidayati, Ita Anggraini, Riska Anggraini, Vera Ladeska&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;University of Mu- hammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka, Klender, Jakarta 13460, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intan Kris Prasetyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suharjono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADMET Prediction and In silico Analysis of Mangostin Derivatives and Sinensetin on Maltase-Glucoamylase Target for Searching Anti-Diabetes Drug Candidates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maltase-glucoamylase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangostin derivatives</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinensetin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">883-889</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complex chronic disease with hyperglycemia, which is glucose levels above normal whose number of sufferers is increasing. By inhibiting the human maltase-glucoamylase enzyme which is included in the starch-digestion pathway are used to delay glucose production and thus aid in the treatment of type II diabetes.&lt;strong&gt; Aims and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the potential of mangostin derivatives (alpha-mangostin, betamangostin, gamma-mangostin) and sinensetin as anti-diabetes through ADMET prediction and &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; tests against human maltase-glucoamylase targets using the docking method with miglitol was used as a control. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The ligands ɑ, β, γ-mangostin and sinensetin have good interactions with macromolecules and form hydrogen bonds also van der Waals on the macromolecule active side of human maltase-glucoamylase. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The ADMET of mangostin derivatives (ɑ, β, and γ), and sinensetin can be predicted by the pkCSM online tool, and they showed good affinity on maltase-glucoamylase target compared to standard drugs like miglitol.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">883</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Intan Kris Prasetyanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Suharjono&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Magister Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacist, Airlangga University, Campus C UNAIR Jl. DR. Ir. H Soekarno Mulyorejo 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacist, Airlangga University, Campus C UNAIR Jl. DR. Ir. H Soekarno Mulyorejo 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Practical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacist, Airlangga University, Campus C UNAIR Jl. DR. Ir. H Soekarno Mulyorejo 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raysa Y. Pratiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heri Setiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atini Solawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmalena</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alterations in Body Weight, Blood Glucose Levels, and Lipid Profiles in High-Fat Diet-Low Dose Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetic animal model</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High-fat diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin resistance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Low-dose streptozotocin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stable diabetes type 2 profile.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1562-1567</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;New preventive and therapeutic strategies to treat Type 2 diabetes (T2D) continue to be pursued, the complexity of this disease makes it imperative to establish preclinical animal models which must provide accurate similarities to the pathogenesis of diabetes in humans. Making a diabetic animal model using rats with high-fat diet (HFD)-streptozotocin (STZ) induction is popular because it is relatively low cost and simple. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to analyse the changes in body weight, blood glucose, and lipid profiles that occur in diabetic rat models created by induction of HFD in combination with lowdose STZ. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used forty male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-240 g). After the adaptation period, thirty rats were fed with HFD for 28 days (DM group), while the other ten rats continued to be fed with standard feed (NC group). After then, diabetes was induced to the DM group by low-dose STZ (35 mg/kg BW). The body weight of the rats was measured before and after diet manipulation periods. Blood samples were taken before and after STZ induction to determine lipid profiles and blood glucose levels.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; During the diet manipulation period, the HFD group experienced a significantly greater weight gain, higher blood glucose levels, and cholesterol (TC) levels. After STZ injection, rats’ blood glucose levels, TC, and triglycerides significantly increased.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; HFD feeding combined with a low-dose STZ effectively work to mimic specific condition that is similar to T2D, and the stability of the experimental animal conditions remains constant for up to 6 weeks.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1562</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raysa Y. Pratiwi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Heri Setiawan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Atini Solawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosmalena&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adrian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RA Syahputra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukirman Lie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SE Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PC Situmorang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amelioration of Cisplatin-Induced Kidney Injury by Pometia pinnata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cisplatin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pometia pinnata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1257-1268</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cisplatin is one of the most effective anticancer drugs. But using cisplatin can cause very serious nephrotoxicity and acute kidney injury (AKI). Pometia pinnata (PE) or commonly referred to as matoa is a typical plant, especially Papua, Indonesia. Pometia pinnata belongs to the Sapindaceae family. This study aimed to determined the nephroprotective activity of the extract ethanol pometia pinnata on rats induced cisplatin. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;30 rats are divided into six groups, each group were contained 5 rats. Group I was a normal group which rats only given CMC (carboxy methyl celluloce). Group II was a negative group which rats injected 7 mg / kgbw of Cisplatin in day 3. Group III was a positive group which rats given vitamin C 1% from day 1 to 7 and in day 3 rats were injected cisplatin. Group IV-VI were extract groups (100 mg / kgbb, 200 mg / kgb, 400 mg / kgbb) which rats orally given extract from day 1 to 7 and in day 3 rats were injected cisplatin. On day 8 rats were injected ketamine 1% which directly took the blood from the heart. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The result shows that EEPE on rats biochemical parameters including urea, creatinine, uric acid. Group II showed that there was a significant increase (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.05) compared to the normal group that was not given cisplatin and extracts. Whereas in the group given the extract in groups IV, V, and VI there was a reduction in biochemical parameters because the Pometia leaf extract had high antioxidant activity so that it had nephroprotective activity. extract ethanol pometia pinnata can reduced the level of sodium, potassium and chloride of each group after receiving cisplatin. Statistically group II that only given cisplatin has significantly different with group I (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0,05) and also statically different with group VI (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0,05).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1257</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adrian&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, RA Syahputra&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sukirman Lie&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, SE Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, PC Situmorang&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Prima Indonesia, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Akademi Keperawatan Colombia Asia, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangestuti Agil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hening Laswati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neny Purwitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Burhan Ma’arif</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Heavy Metal Contents of Marsilea crenata Presl. Leaves and Soils from East Java Province, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clover</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytoremediation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17-22</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Marsilea crenata &lt;/em&gt;Presl. grows in East Java Province, Indonesia, and showed several pharmacological activities due to its phytoestrogen content. Research indicated its phytoremediation property, and therefore has an impact on heavy metal accumulation in the plants. Lead, cadmium, and mercury are amongst heavy metals that are toxic to the human body. This study aimed to determine and compare Pb, Cd, and Hg mineral contents of soils and leaves of the plants grew in Batu, Pasuruan, Surabaya, and Kediri cities in the province. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; 10 g of dried powdered leaves and soils were put in separate crucible porcelains, and add 2ml of nitric acid. All were burnt in low heat until white smoke were not formed, and then stood to cool. Ashes obtained were examined using AA 6200 Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (AAS). &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;Showed that leaves samples from the areas showed no Pb and Hg mineral contents that exceeded the permissible limit. Batu City leaf sample had Cd heavy metal content of 2.79 ± 0.01 ppm, which exceeded the permissible limit. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Analysis of heavy metal contents of soils from all of the areas showed no exceed limit of Pb and Hg mineral concentrations. Cd soil contents of Surabaya and Kediri cities, were 0.73 ± 0.00 and 2.61 ± 0.08 ppm respectively.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mangestuti Agil&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hening Laswati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Neny Purwitasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Burhan Ma’arif&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty Medical and Health Science, Maulana Malik Ibrahim State Islamic University, Malang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karnirius Harefa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delmi Sulastri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ellyza Nasrul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syafruddin Ilyas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Several Inflammatory Markers Expression in Obese Rats given Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng Ethanol Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">immunohistochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Obese</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172-178</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Oxidative stress is one of the inflammatory events caused by obesity. This condition is characterized by an increase in various inflammatory markers, such as intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and a cluster of differentiation 40 (CD40). This study aimed to analyze the effect of Plectranthus amboinicus (Lour.) Spreng ethanol extract on ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and CD40 in obese rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study used a pure experimental method with a completely randomized design. There were 6 groups, namely, C− (negative control), C+ (positive control), CMC (soluble control), EE300 (P. amboinicus ethanol extract, 300 mg/kg body weight [BW]), EE600 (P. amboinicus ethanol extract, 600 mg/kg BW) and EE900 groups (P. amboinicus ethanol extract, 900 mg/kg BW). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed low levels of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the blood plasma, especially in the EE900 group, but the difference was not substantial. The same trend also occurred in the expression of CD40 in the tunica intima layer of the rat aorta. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Thus, the administration of 900 mg/kg BW P. amboinicus ethanol extract for 45 days has the potential to treat obesity in rats through the suppression of oxidative stress and inflammatory markers (ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and CD40).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">172</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karnirius Harefa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Delmi Sulastri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ellyza Nasrul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syafruddin Ilyas&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Study Programme of Biomedic, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Andalas, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences,Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maslichah Mafruchati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jonathan Makuwira</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of Three-Dimensional Protein Structure of CBAVD in Indonesia as a Basis for Immunotherapy to Ensure Maternal Health</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CBAVD</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dimensional structure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maternal health</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1282-1286</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Congenital Bilateral Advance Vass Deferens (CBAVD) is a birth defect characterized by azoospermia. Determine the protein structure by laboratory research was relatively difficult. The threedimensional structure of proteins is computationally analyzed as an excellent and cost-effective alternative to analyzing protein characteristics. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study has an objective to identify the three-dimensional protein structure of CBAVD in Indonesia so that it can be used to obtain drugs and immunotherapy. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;This study uses method of DNA extraction, PCR, and sequencing in collecting the data sample. The data was analyzed using using expasy software and Swiss prot. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study were found 6 CBAVD proteins, four to three dimensional CBAVD protein structures and 2 CBAVD proteins that have not been identified by the three dimensional protein structure. Further studies of CBAVD protein are needed, especially those related to protein isolation and crystallography. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The three dimensional protein can be used as immunotherapy to ensure the maternal health.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1282</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maslichah Mafruchati&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jonathan Makuwira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine (60115), Universitas Airlangga, Mulyorejo, C Campus, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Malawi University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 5196, Limbe, MALAWI.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Wardatun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yahdiana Harahap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noorwati Sutandyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun'im</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analyzing of Urine 3-Hidroxy Propil Mercapturic Acid on Cyclophosphamide Induced Rat to Determine Ameliorating Effect of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Seed Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-Hidroxypropil mercapturic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyclophosphamide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urine.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1549-1556</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;A 70% ethanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; Leucaena leucocephala &lt;/em&gt;(Lam.) de Wit seeds contain a certain amount of sulfhydryl active compounds and potential for ameliorated cyclophosphamide side effects. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to analyze of urine 3-hidroxy propil mercapturic acid (3-HPMA) in a rat model for cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis to determine the effect of&lt;em&gt; Leucaena leucocephala &lt;/em&gt;(Lam.) de Wit seeds extract.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The levels of urine 3-hidroxy propil mercapturic acid was measured using LCMS/MS. Urine preparation was carried out by dilution (1:5) with mobile phase and contained a deuteurated internal standard. The LC separation was performed using a C18 column (1.7 μm; 2.1 mm × 100 mm). The mobile phase consisted of formic acid (0.1%) and formic acid (0.1%) in acetonitrile (90:10 v/v), as a starting gradient at flow rate of 0.2 ml/min with total run 7 min. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The lower limit of quantification was 40 ng/ml and the linear extended to 20,000 ng/ml. The method has been successfully to be applied in determined of rat urine 3-HPMA. The results showed that the 70% ethanolic extract of seeds can increased the amount of 3-HPMA in rat urine. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The 70% ethanolic extract of seeds displayed a potential ameliorating effect against cyclophosphamide side effects.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1549</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Wardatun&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yahdiana Harahap&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Noorwati Sutandyo&lt;sup&gt;4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Mun'im&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Program Study of Pharmacy, Universitas Pakuan, Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Republic of Indonesia Defense University, Bogor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Dharmais, Cancer Hospital, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liudmyla Zotsenko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nataliia Nuzhyna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viktoria Kyslychenko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oksana Futorna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical and Ultrastructure Differences Between Some Species of the Genus Elsholtzia Willd. of Flora of Ukraine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsholtzia ciliate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsholtzia stauntonii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Petiole</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">977-987</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia&lt;/em&gt; species are very popular in Chinese, Tibetan and Vietnamese folk medicine to treat several diseases. Despite the wide range of biological activity and the study of the chemical composition of individual species, the microscopic characteristics of plants of this genus are insufficiently studied. In the article the anatomical structure of two species &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia &lt;/em&gt;Willd. of flora of Ukraine is represented. The sources of literature provide only a morphological description of &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;stauntonii&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia ciliate.&lt;/em&gt; We analyzed crosssections and ultrastructure of leaf blade, petiole, petal and stem, determined their anatomical features, and investigated the ultrastructure of seeds. We have compared the obtained data between this two species of this genus that grow on the territory of Ukraine under similar conditions. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Microscopic analysis was carried out by the well-known methods using the microscope XSP-146TR and ImageJ program. Anatomical structure of &lt;em&gt;Elsholtzia stauntonii&lt;/em&gt; Benth. and&lt;em&gt; Elsholtzia&lt;/em&gt; ciliate Thun. are studied and main diagnostic features are highlighted. The ultrastructure of the surface of the epidermal tissue of leaves, stems and seeds were studied additionally, using scanning microscopy methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The diagnostic microscopic distinguishing features of &lt;em&gt;E. ciliate &lt;/em&gt;raw material from &lt;em&gt;E. stauntonii &lt;/em&gt;are: the presence of small glandular triсhomes, singly placed on the veins and the presence of long non glandular triсhomes on the central vein of abaxial side. Non glandular triсhomes of &lt;em&gt;E. ciliate &lt;/em&gt;are three times longer compared to another investigated species. The presence of numerous triсhomes and massive clusters of stem sclerenchyma &lt;em&gt;E. stauntonii &lt;/em&gt;can be considered additional taxonomic criteria for comparing the studied species.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The practical significance of our research will use to develop of quality control methods for medicinal herbal raw material – «Herba &lt;em&gt;Elsholtziae&lt;/em&gt; Stauntonii», «Herba &lt;em&gt;Elsholtziae &lt;/em&gt;ciliate».&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">977</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Liudmyla Zotsenko&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nataliia Nuzhyna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Viktoria Kyslychenko&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Oksana Futorna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;State Laboratory of Quality Control of Medicines, State Institution, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, UKRAINE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;NSC &quot;Institute of Biology and Medicine&quot; Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kyiv, UKRAINE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;National University of Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, Kharkiv, UKRAINE.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ela Elisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eko Sri Wahyuni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Anthelmintic Activity of Cawat Anuman (Bauhinia Sp.) Leaves Against Ascaridia galli Worms</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ascaridia galli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauhinia sp. Leaves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">626-630</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Traditionally, the people in Anik Hamlet usually use the &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia&lt;/em&gt; sp. leaves as anthelimintic. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The research was conducted to observe the anthelmintic activity of the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;cawat anuman &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Bauhinia&lt;/em&gt; sp.) leaves against &lt;em&gt;Ascaridia galli&lt;/em&gt; by in vitro procedure. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Group I was treated with NaCl 0.9% as the negative control, also group II and III were treated with &lt;em&gt;cawat anuman&lt;/em&gt; leaves ethanol extract at dose of 25 mg/ml and 50 mg/ ml respectively, and group IV was treated with mebendazole at dose 5 mg/ml as the positive control.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Compared to the negative control, the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;cawat anuman&lt;/em&gt; leaves has activity as an anthelmintic (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), moreover the potency of leaves extract at dose 50 mg/ml as anthelmintic against&lt;em&gt; Ascaridia galli&lt;/em&gt; as strong as mebendazole at dose 5 mg/ml (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It concluded that the ethanol extract of&lt;em&gt; cawat anuman&lt;/em&gt; leaves at dose 50 mg/ml has anthelmintic potency as strong as mebendazole 5 mg/ml.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">626</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan*, Ela Elisa, Eko Sri Wahyuni &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tanjungpura University. Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Bansir Laut, Kec. Pontianak Tenggara, Kota Pontianak, West Kalimantan 78124, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hlapisi N</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maliehe TS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwafemi OS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Songca SP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linganiso L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Motaung TE</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activities of Cationic Porphyrins and Porphyrin Encapsulated Gold Nanorods on Bacterial Cell Lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Porphyrin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1086-1096</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Bacterial infections form part of the major causes of mortality and morbidity around the world more especially in developing and under-developed countries. Cationic porphyrins have been reported to display better efficacy in antimicrobial photodynamic therapy activity. The purpose of this study was to synthesise the cationic porphyrins; (TAP) and (TPyP) and evaluate their pharmacokinetics and metabolic interactions with the DNA gyrase subunit A. The antibacterial activity of the nano-conjugates was evaluated against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus &lt;/em&gt;(ATCC 25925), &lt;em&gt;Enterococcus faecalis &lt;/em&gt;(ATCC 29212) and &lt;em&gt;Klebsiella pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt; (ATCC 4352) using the micro-dilution assay without light. AutoDock Vina was used to assess the molecular interactions between ligands and the DNA gyrase subunit A. The SwissADME online tool was used to assess the pharmacokinetic properties of the nano-conjugates, while the ADMETlab online tool was used to assess the ability to inhibit the hERG gene, human hepatotoxicity and mutagenicity. The test nano-conjugates showed broad-spectrum antibacterial activity against all tested bacterial strains with the MIC values in a range of 0.42 ± 0.1 to2.6 ± 0.7 mg/ml. The nano-conjugates revealed good molecular interaction with DNA gyrase subunit A with their binding free energy in the range of -8.3 to -8.7 kcal/ mol. They are predicted to be P-glycoprotein (P-gp) substrates, able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier and non-inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (CYP) isomers (CYP 2C19, CYP 2C9 and CYP 2D6). Both nanoconjugates have the potential to cause cardiotoxic and mutagenic effects but not hepatotoxic effects. The results show that the synthesized compounds have the potential as anti-bacterial PDT agents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1086</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hlapisi N&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Maliehe TS&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Oluwafemi OS&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Songca SP&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Linganiso L&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Motaung TE&lt;sup&gt;4,5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, University of Zululand, Private Bag X 1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein 2028, South Africa, Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, University of KwaZulu Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, School of Science in the College of Science Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Preller Street, Muckleneuk Ridge, City of Tshwane, P.O. Box 392, UNISA 0003.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University, P.O. Box 94, Medunsa, 0204, South Africa&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eshetu Dagne</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Beyene Dobo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zufan Bedewi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Papaya (Carica papaya) Leaf and Seed Extracts Against Some Selected Gram-Positive and Gram- Negative Bacteria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacterial pathogens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carica papaya</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MIC.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1727-1733</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Medicinal plants are well-known natural sources of remedies, used in the treatment of innumerable diseases since antiquity. Wide range of medicinal plant extracts are used to treat several infections as they have potential antimicrobial activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was aimed to investigate antibacterial activity of Carica papaya leaf and seed with different solvents against Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria. The leaves and seeds of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya&lt;/em&gt; were dried, powdered and extracted with 80% of Acetone, Ethanol, Methanol and water. Disc diffusion method was used for the antibacterial assay and measuring the zone of inhibition, and the MIC was determined by broth macro dilution method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest percent yield of crude extract72.5% was obtained from Carica papaya leaf with Methanol, Ethanol and Acetone as solvents while, the lowest yield 24% was obtained from Carica papaya seed with Acetone extract. All Crude extracts from the different plant parts showed antibacterial activity. Accordingly, Carica papaya Seed with Ethanol extract exhibited the highest antibacterial activity 14.3±1.2 (mm) against &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; which was lower than standard antibiotic disc Ciprofloxacin with inhibition zone of 25.9 ±0.00 (mm), while the lowest inhibition of 3.8±0.5 (mm) was recorded from Carica papaya leaf with Ethanol crude extract against &lt;em&gt;E. coli&lt;/em&gt;. The MIC of 12.5mg/ml was observed from Ethanol crude extract of Carica papaya seed on &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;. Crude seed extract of Ethanol showed the highest antibacterial activity. The results of the antibacterial assay of the crude extract of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya&lt;/em&gt; (leaf and seed) with four different solvents showed zone of inhibition against all tested bacteria. However, among the plant parts of Carica papaya included in the current study, the seed of Carica papaya were found to be the best source of antibacterial agents. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, limited (only leaf and seed parts) of Carica papaya was tested for its antimicrobial activity. So, the same work should be carried out on different parts of C&lt;em&gt;arica papaya&lt;/em&gt; plant like; bark, root, flower and fruits on antibacterial activities so, as to have a clear picture of the spectrum of antibacterial activity of the plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1727</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Eshetu Dagne, Beyene Dobo*, Zufan Bedewi&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Biology, Hawassa University, ETHIOPIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waleed Khaled Al ani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ali Abdallah Alqudah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khaled. A. Tarawneh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Some Plants Selected from South Jordan</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peganum harmala</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">528-534</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Three Jordanian medicinal plants; Peganum harmala (&lt;em&gt;P. harmala&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Geropogon hybridus &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;G. hybridus&lt;/em&gt;), and Salvia officinalis (&lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt;) were selected from Al-karak region in order to investigate their antibacterial and antioxidant activities. The crude extract yield of all used plants were varied from 10.6% in Salvia officinalis and 15.6% in&lt;em&gt; P. harmala&lt;/em&gt;, to 18 % in&lt;em&gt; G. hybridus&lt;/em&gt;. The antibacterial activity of these plants was carried out on four bacterial strain (&lt;em&gt;S. aureus, E.coli, E. aerogenes and B. subtilis&lt;/em&gt;). These plant ethanol extracts have effects on the gram positive strains and gram negative bacteria except&lt;em&gt; S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; did not show activity against E. Coli. The minimal inhibition concentration (MIC) of &lt;em&gt;P. harmala&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;G. hybridus&lt;/em&gt; (MIC) ranged from 125 μg/ml to 500 μg/ml. The ethanol crude extract of &lt;em&gt;G. hybridus &lt;/em&gt;gave 10 fractions using TLC method, fraction 1,3 and 10 exhibited antibacterial activity against all bacterial strains. Their total phenolic contents were evaluated; the highest total phenol content was observed in &lt;em&gt;G. hybridus&lt;/em&gt; with 410 mgGAE/g plant extract followed by &lt;em&gt;P. harmal&lt;/em&gt;a and &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis &lt;/em&gt;with 305 and 203.7 mg/g plant extract, respectively. The antioxidant activity was estimated by using DPPH method. The highest antioxidant activity was obtained with &lt;em&gt;G. hybridus&lt;/em&gt; extract and found to be 0.89 mg Trolox/g plant extract. The lowest antioxidant activity was obtained with &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis&lt;/em&gt; which was 0.53 mg Trolox/g plant extract. The lowest IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (highest antioxidant activity) was observed in &lt;em&gt;G. hybridus &lt;/em&gt;with 0.83 mg/ml. Intermediate effect observed in &lt;em&gt;P. harmala&lt;/em&gt; with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 1.1 mg/ml. The lowest antioxidant activity was obtained in &lt;em&gt;S. officinalis &lt;/em&gt;with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 1.38 mg/ml.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">528</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Waleed Khaled Al ani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ali Abdallah Alqudah&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Khaled. A. Tarawneh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mu`tah University, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of applied Biology, Faculty of Science, Tafila Technical University, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wawan Sofwan Zaini</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Effectiveness of Morinda Citrifolia L. Extract on Salmonella Typhi Bacteria Using Serial Dilution Method with 15 - 60 Minutes Contact Time</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morinda citrifolia L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Typhi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serial dilution</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">839-843</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Noni fruit (&lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt; L.) contains phenol and flavonoid compounds which can function as natural antibacterials with the highest phenol content obtained from ripe &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia &lt;/em&gt;L. fruit. Phenolic compounds have been widely studied as disinfectants against broadspectrum antibacterials, namely Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the inhibitory power of ripe&lt;em&gt; Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt; L. extract against the growth of gastroenteritis-causing bacteria with the serial dilution method at concentrations of 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% with variations in a contact time of 15 ', 30', 45 'and 60'. Then proceed with a concentration of 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% with the same variation in contact time. The results showed that all concentrations of ripe &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt; L. extract and the variation in contact time could inhibit the growth of S.Typhi bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration at a concentration of 10% with a contact time of 15 minutes. It needs to be continued with a toxicity test before it is used in the community.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">839</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wawan Sofwan Zaini*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Poltekkes Kemenkes Banten, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Lalitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D Anusha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogeshkumar Murkunde</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Viji Devanand</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Maheshkumar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Cancer Activity of Cayratia Auriculata Ethanolic Extracts Against Cancer Cell Line A549  An In Vitro Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activity against cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell line cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">495-499</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anticancer activity of ethanolic &lt;em&gt;cayratia auriculata&lt;/em&gt; extracts using the A549 cell line MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Using Soxhlet apparatus, ethanolic extracts from &lt;em&gt;cayratia auriculata &lt;/em&gt;were prepared. The cancer cells were exposed to 12.5, 25, 50 , 100 , 150, 200 μg / mL and incubated for 24 h at different concentrations. Compared with control, &lt;em&gt;C. auriculata&lt;/em&gt; exhibited a cytotoxic effect. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;At 150 and 200μg / ml concentrations, with 61 percent and 73.7 percent respectively, the highest cytotoxicity was identified. The findings show that cytotoxicity is directly proportionate to the concentration of the extract. IC50 of the ethanolic extract value of &lt;em&gt;C. auriculata&lt;/em&gt; was found to be 102.9μg / ml against the A549 cell line. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present analysis, &lt;em&gt;C.auriculata &lt;/em&gt;ethanolic extract was shown to be a strong suppressant for cell division and proliferation. As for anti-tumor medicine, it can be a new source and can be effectively used as an immunological anti-malignant compound.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">495</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S. Lalitha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, D. Anusha&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Yogeshkumar Murkunde&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Viji Devanand&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, K.Maheshkumar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Demonstrator, Department of Physiology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research centre (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai -600116, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research centre (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai -600116, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Test Head Animal House/Facility Management (CEFT), Sri Ramachandra Medical College and Research Institute, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research centre (SRIHER), Porur, Chennai -600116, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;HOD &amp;amp; Professor, Department of Physiology, Stanley Medical College&amp;amp; Hospital, Royapuram, Chennai -600001, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Medical officer/Lecture Grade II, Department of Biochemistry and Physiology, Government Yoga and Naturopathy Medical college and Hospital, Chennai -600106, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Al-Hamwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maha Aboul-Ela</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdalla El-Lakany</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salam Nasreddine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer Activity of Micromeria fruticosa and Teucrium polium Growing in Lebanon</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103-109</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The anticancer activities of two Lebanese plant extract&lt;em&gt; Micromeria fruticose &lt;/em&gt;(A) and &lt;em&gt;Teucrium polium &lt;/em&gt;(B) and their fractions were tested against MCF7 and A549 cancer cell lines using MTT assay. Separation was carried out through column chromatography and TLC analysis. Results showed that both plants possess a promising and dose dependent inhibitory activity with IC50of extract A 28.52 and 26.47 μg/ml on MCF7 and A549 cells respectively, and that of extract B was 41 and 27.9 μg/ml on MCF7 and A549 cell lines, respectively. More interestingly, combination treatment with either extracts A or B and cisplatin, significantly boosted the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin against the two cancer cell lines. Further studies are recommended to determine the active components in both plants responsible for these activities and explore their interactions at molecular level.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">103</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohammad Al-Hamwi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Maha Aboul-Ela&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdalla El-Lakany&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salam Nasreddine&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Beirut, Lebanon, P.O. 11 5020, Beirut, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Group A nti-Cancer Therapeutic Approaches (ACTAC), Laboratory Rammal Rammal, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Lebanese University, LEBANON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sisilia Teresia Rosmala Dewi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Sabir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sesilia Rante Pakadang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sainal Edi Kamal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santi Sinala</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Cancer Potential of Nggorang Leaves Extract (Salvia Occidentalis SW.) as a Protein P53 Supressor in T47D Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nggorang Leaves Extract (Salvia occidentalis Sw)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein P53</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T47D</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1036-1045</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Breast cancer is one of the most common types of cancer in women. The high incidence of breast cancer has led to the development of anticancer drugs that are more selective against cancer cells without damaging normal tissues. One of the alternatives in cancer treatment by looking for natural sources that can be developed, Nggorang leaves (&lt;em&gt;Salvia occidentalis &lt;/em&gt;Sw.). This plant is found in Tenda Village, Langke Rembong District, Manggarai Regency, NTT Province, when the leaves are harvested for one year and are used as medicine. As a preventive, this leaf has been used for generations as an anticancer (7 leaves boiled with 200 ml of water to 100 ml and then drunk), for wounded breast cancer (crushed leaves and attached to the wound); stamina enhancer, cough, influenza, hemorrhoids, diarrhea, nosebleeds (Primary data, 2014). This study aims to prove the potential of EDG (Nggorang Leaves Extract) as an antiproliferative against Hela cancer cells and protein P53 suppressor. The method used is the Quasy experiment, because this study uses laboratory tests in sample testing. The results of the cytotoxic test of Nggorang Leaves Extract have the potential to be anti-proliferative against cancer cells T47D IC50 at 201 ppm and Nggorang Leaves Extract (EDG) has the potential to increase p53 gene suppression in T47D cancer cells by 94.13% at a concentration of 50 ppm.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1036</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sisilia Teresia Rosmala Dewi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M. Sabir&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sesilia Rante Pakadang&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sainal Edi Kamal&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Santi Sinala&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Health Polytechnic of the Makassar Ministry of Health, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine University of Tadulako Palu, INDONESIA. 3Polytechnic Sandi Karsa Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto O Ybañez-Julca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ivan M Quispe-Díaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daniel Asunción-Alvarez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kelly Sánchez-Muñoz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albert Vargas-Goñas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jazminy Morote-Guzman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronald Yaro-Marcelo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edmundo A Venegas-Casanova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedro Buc Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio Benites</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant-Like Behavioral and Spatial Memory Effects in Peruvian Red Maca (Lepidium meyenii)-Treated Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forced swimming test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lepidium meyenii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morris water maze test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Red Maca</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spatial memory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81-88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lepidium meyenii&lt;/em&gt;, known with the vernacular name of “Maca”, is a Brassicaceae family that has been widely used by Peruvian traditional medicine in cases of sexual dysfunction, memory loss, and several other diseases and pathologies. &lt;strong&gt;Objetive: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to test the potential effects of aqueous extract of Red Maca (AQ-RM) on antidepressant-like behavioral in male rats and spatial memory in ovariectomized (OVX) rats.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Forced swimming test was used to examine the potential antidepressant AQ-RM activity in male rats. Fluoxetine and amitryptiline were included as reference drugs. Morris Water Maze test was employed to examine the effect of AQ-RM on spatial memory in ovariectomized (OVX) rats. Such effects were compared to exogenous estradiol administration. The potential role of oxidative stress on spatial memory loss was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in rats brain homogenates.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;AQ-RM enhances swimming and climbing activities while reducing the time of immobility in male rats. Meanwhile, it prevents the decrease in the time spent in the target quadrant and displays higher values in the number of crossings in OVX-rats as compared to OVX-control rats. MDA levels in brain homogenates were decreased in OVX-rats receiving AQ-RM. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of AQ-RM has anti-depressive application in male rats; and increases the ability of learning and memory in OVX rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">81</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Roberto O. Ybañez-Julca&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ivan M. Quispe-Díaz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Daniel Asunción- Alvarez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kelly Sánchez-Muñoz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Albert Vargas-Goñas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jazminy Morote-Guzman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ronald Yaro- Marcelo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Edmundo A. Venegas- Casanova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pedro Buc Calderon&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Julio Benites&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Iquique, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Group in Metabolism and Nutrition, Louvain Drug Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, BELGIUM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zahra Fadhilah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heri Setiawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gumilar Adhi Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febrika Wediasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eem Masaenah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varda Arianti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity and Phytochemical Constituents of Syzygium cumini Leave in Kadipaten, Central Java Indonesia, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperglicemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasting blood glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzigium cumini</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1502-1508</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethnomedicaly, jamblang (java plum) has been used as antidiabetic treatment in Dayak Tribe. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and the safety of the jamblang leaf extract as an antidiabetic. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Evaluate Effecticity of &lt;em&gt;Syzigium cumini&lt;/em&gt; (java plum) as anti-diabetic herb. &lt;strong&gt;Method&lt;/strong&gt;: The antidiabetic activity test, used an animal model which gaven food a high fat diet High Fat Diet (HFD) then it was induced with Streptozotocin injected intraperitoneally. The subjects used in the study were male rats (&lt;em&gt;Ratus novergicus&lt;/em&gt;) Sprague-Dawley strain. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of jamblang extract has anti hyperglycemic activity through decrease of fasting blood glucose point significantly (dose 1, 50mg/ Kg Bw p: &amp;lt;0.0001, dose 2, 100 mg/Kg BW p: &amp;lt;0.0001).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1502</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zahra Fadhilah, Berna Elya*, Heri Setiawan, Gumilar Adhi Nugroho, Febrika Wediasari, Eem Masaenah, Varda Arianti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dani Sujana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dadang Muhammad Hasyim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mareetha Zahra Shafirany</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lela Sulastri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maya Arfania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dedy Frianto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhamzah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anggun Hari Kusumawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nia Yuniarsih</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata Leaves on Alloxan-induced Diabetic Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castanopsis costata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">North Sumatra.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1589-1593</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;In North Sumatra, Castanopsis costata is commonly used by traditional practitioners for the treatment of diabetes mellitus, however, no studies have been carried out to substantiate this practice. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate the anti-diabetic activity of extract and fractions of C. costata leaves in mice with alloxan-induced diabetes. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Swiss albino mice with alloxan-induced diabetes, were acquired and subjected to the experimental evaluations. Subsequently, the fasting blood glucose levels of the diabetic mice groups treated with glibenclamid, extract and fractions, as well as the untreated group, were evaluated after two weeks of therapy. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the results, the ethanolic extract of C. costata considerably reduced the mice’s blood glucose levels in a dose-dependent manner, at dosages of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kgBW (% DBGL: 21.10%, 46.36%, 58.94%, and 60.93%, respectively). In addition, the water fraction of C. costata leaves produced a greater reduction in blood glucose levels (% DBGL: 78.93%), compared to the ethyl acetate and n-hexane fractions (% DBGL: 67.06% and 58.83%), respectively. Meanwhile, treatment with the antidiabetic drug, glibenclamide (5 mg/kgBW) produced a 50.75% reduction in blood glucose levels. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the findings, the extract and fractions of C. costata leaves were concluded to exhibit significant anti-diabetic activity. This supported the claim that traditional practitioners in North Sumatra use the plant extract for diabetes treatment.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1589</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Dani Sujana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dadang Muhammad Hasyim&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mareetha Zahra Shafirany&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lela Sulastri&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Maya Arfania&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dedy Frianto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Farhamzah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anggun Hari Kusumawati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nia Yuniarsih&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Buana Perjuangan Karawang University, Karawang, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Diploma Program of Pharmacy, Karsa Husada Garut College of Health Sciences, Garut, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, School of Pharmacy Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Cirebon, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy Muhammadiyah Cirebon, Cirebon, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agus Astuti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity of the Leaf Extract of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack. in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blood glucose level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurycoma longifolia Jack. leaf.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1582-1588</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;One of the medication attempts in diabetes mellitus is by utilising plants that are potent as an antioxidant. Eurycoma longifolia Jack. known as “Longjack” in English, is a medicinal plant and reportedly effective as an antioxidant. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was aimed to examine the antidiabetic effectiveness of ethanol extract of longjack leaf in diabetes mellitus rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study used the total of 24 male white rats which were grouped into four. The normal and the negative control groups were administrated with CMC-Na 0.5% dose 2 ml/200 g body weight; one group was administrated with ethanol extract of longjack leaf dose 176.4 mg/200 g body weight; and the positive control group was administrated with glibenclamide dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight. Before the extract administration, all of the experimental animals were prior induced into diabetic condition with streptozotocin-nicotinamide. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The levels of blood glucose and malondialdehyde in rats after the 14-day extract treatments were 78.73 mg/dl and 1.13 nmol/ml, respectively in the normal control group; 285.84 mg/dl and 10.03 nmol/ml were in the negative control group; 156.77 mg/dl and 3.86 nmol/ml in the group with the administration of ethanol extract of longjack leaf; and 148.63 mg/dl dan 3.64 nmol/ml in the group of glibenclamide administration (p&amp;lt;0.05). The reduction of blood glucose and malondialdehyde levels in the groups of ethanol extract administration of longjack leaf dose 176.4 mg/200 g body weight was similar to the glibenclamide administration dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol extract of longjack leaf was effective as an antidiabetic.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1582</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Agus Astuti&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tanjungpura University. Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Bansir Laut, Kec. Pontianak Tenggara, Kota Pontianak, West Kalimantan 78124, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novitasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic Activity of the Red Dragon Fruit Peel (Hylocereus polyrhizus) in Ethanol Extract against Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetic rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hylocereus polyrhizus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1079-1085</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The red dragon fruit peel, which is rarely used in general, contains higher antioxidant properties compared to the flesh parts and has various secondary metabolites utilised in medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was aimed to determine the effects of ethanol extract administration of the red dragon fruit peel (&lt;em&gt;Hylocereus polyrhizus&lt;/em&gt;) against the decline of blood glucose levels in diabetes mellitus rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, the total of 24 male white Wistar rats (&lt;em&gt;Rattus novergicus&lt;/em&gt;) were divided into 4 groups. All experimental animals were induced to diabetic conditions by the administration of streptozotocin and nicotinamide dosages at 45 mg/kg body weight and 110 mg/kg body weight, respectively. For 14 days, each group was treated accordingly. The first group or negative control (NC) was treated with the administration of CMC-Na 0.5% dose 2 ml/200 g body weight; the second group or positive control (PC) was administrated with glibenclamide dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight; the third (E1) and fourth (E2) groups were administered with the ethanol extracts of the red dragon fruit peels at dosages of 37.44 mg/200 g body weight and 74.88 mg/200 g body weight, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; After the 14-day trial, the average levels of blood glucose on the negative control group (382.92 mg/dl) experienced no decline, and the blood glucose levels amongst groups were statistically different (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). Conclusion: The anti-diabetic activity of the red dragon fruit peel in the ethanol extract dose 74.88 mg/200 g body weight is statistically equal to the glibenclamide dose 0.09 mg/200 g body weight.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1079</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ruqiah Ganda Putri Panjaitan*, Novitasari&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biology Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tanjungpura University. Jl. Prof. Dr. H. Hadari Nawawi, Bansir Laut, Kec. Pontianak Tenggara, Kota Pontianak, West Kalimantan 78124, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charlotte Mungho Tata</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Constance Rufaro Sewani-Rusike</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Olukayode Aremu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh-Chungag</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive Effects of Osteospermum Imbricatum in Two Hypertensive Rat Models</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High blood pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spontaneously hypertensive rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744-751</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Osteospermum imbricatum &lt;/em&gt;is used traditionally in Eastern Cape, South Africa for the management of hypertension, chest and stomach complaints. This study was aimed at investigating the antioxidant and antihypertensive effects of this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Antioxidant capacity was determined by radical scavenging assays and ferric reducing antioxidant power. Antihypertensive effects after once off treatment with the leaf/root extracts (500 mg/kg) were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). The effect of the extracts on established hypertension was determined in Wistar rats treated with Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) (40 mg/kg/day) for 4 weeks followed by co-treatment with L-NAME and extracts (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) or amlodipine (5 mg/kg) or normal saline for 4 more weeks. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The concentration at which there was 50 % inhibition (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of DPPH radical by the extracts was lower for the leaf extract (0.79 mg/mL) compared to the root extract (1.15 mg/mL). The leaf extract significantly (p&amp;lt;0.01) decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures in both rat models. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The extracts of &lt;em&gt;Omsteospermum imbricatu&lt;/em&gt; have moderate antioxidants and antihypertensive properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">744</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Charlotte Mungho Tata&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Constance Rufaro Sewani- Rusike&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Olukayode Aremu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Opeoluwa Oyehan Oyedeji&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Benedicta Ngwenchi Nkeh- Chungag&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Human Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Fort Hare, PBX1314 Alice, 5700 Eastern Cape Province, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Walter Sisulu University, Mthatha 5117, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Budiastuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosy Dwi Nurcholida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riesta Primaharinastiti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Cinnamon Bark Oil (Cinnamomum burmannii (Nees &amp; T. Nees) Blume from Lombok Timur Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamomum burmannii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immunohistochemical staining</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammatory cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metabolites profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNF-α</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005-1013</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Research related to alternative medicine from natural ingredients that can relieve the effects of inflammation is important, especially to reduce the unwanted side effects of antiinflammatory drugs. &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum burmannii&lt;/em&gt; (Nees &amp;amp; T. Nees) Blume is a native Indonesian species which contains essential oils and reported for its anti-inflammatory effect. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the metabolite profile and anti-inflammatory effect of essential oil from the bark of&lt;em&gt; C. burmannii &lt;/em&gt;(CBO) from Lombok Timur Regency. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The metabolite profile of CBO was determined using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectra (GCMS). The anti-inflammatory test was conducted used male Wistar rats. A total of 30 male rats were divided into 5 groups, each group consisting of 6 rats. Rats were injected with carrageenan 1%/100μl/paw which had previously been given oral CBO at a dose of 30, 60, 90 mg/kg BW. Paw swelling was measured at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 hours after injection. The volume of edema was measured and the animals were sacrificed. The left leg was cut and preserved as material for Hematoxylin Eosin (HE) and Immunohistochemistry (IHC) preparations. The variables taken were the percentage of inhibition edema, the number of inflammatory cells by HE and the amount of TNF-α by IHC staining.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that there was a difference between negative control and positive control in the number of inflammatory cells and TNF-α observed in rat’s paw edema. The number was less in the positive control. Likewise, when administering CBO (60 mg/kg BW and 90 mg/kg BW) the number of inflammatory cells and TNF-α was lower than the negative control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;It can be concluded that CBO from Lombok Timur can be used as a natural anti-inflammatory agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1005</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Budiastuti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosy Dwi Nurcholida&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riesta Primaharinastiti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afriwardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahmatul Nazmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwisari Dillasamola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Badriyya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Pegagan Embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) Plant Extract on Topical Application</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exudate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ketoprofen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">411-417</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Pegagan embun (&lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam.) is traditionally known to have many benefits, including anti-inflammatory.&lt;strong&gt; Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to determine the activity of ethanol extract of Pegagan Embun as an anti-inflammatory using the granuloma pouch method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This experiment used 25 male white mice and were divided into five groups, namely, the positive control group, &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides &lt;/em&gt;Lam. extract group with concentration 0.5%; 1%; 2%, and the comparison group that given Kaltrofen® gel containing 2.5% ketoprofen. Experimental animals were given carrageenan 2% to induced the inflammation subcutaneously. The dosage form was given as much as 0.2 g topically for four days once a day. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the results of one-way ANOVA analysis and Duncan's test, there were significant differences in exudate volume and total leukocytes (p&amp;lt;0.05) in the positive control group, extract with concentration 0.5%, 1%, 2%, and the comparator. While the percentage of leukocyte cells showed that they were not significantly different (p&amp;gt;0.05), the number of neutrophil cells decreased. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the overall data obtained, it can be concluded that the extract of &lt;em&gt;Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides&lt;/em&gt; Lam. at concentration 0.5 %; 1%; 2%, has an anti-inflammatory effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">411</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Afriwardi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rahmatul Nazmi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dwisari Dillasamola&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Badriyya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nilda Lely</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helmi Arifin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Sri Wahyuni</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Methanol Extract, Hexane, Ethyl Acetate, and Butanol Fraction of Piper crocatum Ruiz &amp; Pav Leaves on Lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW 264.7 Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LPS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper crocatum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1341-1346</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum&lt;/em&gt; Ruiz &amp;amp; Pav is a traditional Indonesian plant that is empirically used to treat various diseases. Several studies have stated that &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract has anti-inflammatory effects.&lt;em&gt; Piper crocatum &lt;/em&gt;leaves contain different secondary metabolites alkaloids, flavonoids, tannin-polyphenols, steroids, terpenoids, and saponins. The purpose of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory effect of &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract and fraction on the production of nitric oxide in lipopolysaccharideinduced RAW 264.7 cells. Anti-inflammatory effect of methanol extract of&lt;em&gt; Piper crocatum&lt;/em&gt; leaves (MEPC), n-hexane fraction of &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum &lt;/em&gt;leaves (HFPC), ethyl acetate fraction of &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum &lt;/em&gt;leaves (EAFPC), and n-butanol fraction of &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum&lt;/em&gt; leaves (BFPC) against RAW 264 cell macrophages, 7 Lipopolysaccharide-induced (LPS). Extraction of &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum &lt;/em&gt;leaves was the maceration method. Cell viability was determined by the MTT method in the concentration range of 12.5;25;50;100;200 ug/ mL. The anti-inflammatory effects of MEPC, HFPC, EAFPC and BFPC were tested against nitric oxide (NO) production inhibition in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. NO levels were determined by the NO Colorimetric Assay Kit as measured by the ELISA plate reader. The viability test of MEPC, HFPC, EAFPC, and BFPC from &lt;em&gt;Piper crocatum&lt;/em&gt; leaves showed the concentrations that gave the percentage of viability above 80% were concentrations of 100, 50, and 25 g/mL. MEPC, HFPC, EAFPC, and BFPC at concentrations of 100, 50, 25 μg/mL could significantly inhibit NO production with p&amp;lt;0.05 (p=0.000). The highest NO production inhibition effect was on EAFPC. MEPC, HFPC, EAFPC, and BFPC have antiinflammatory effects, with the highest effect on EAFPC.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1341</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nilda Lely&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Helmi Arifin2, Yufri Aldi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatma Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat 25163, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Andalas, Padang, Sumatera Barat 25163, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;STIFI Bhakti Pertiwi Palembang. Jl. Ariodillah III No.22A, RT.27/RW.9, 20 Ilir D. IV, Ilir Tim. I, Kota Palembang, Sumatera Selatan 30128, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prawesty Diah Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herin Setianingsih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indira Firdha Syafitri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rico Pratama Wiyono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Anti-Malarial Effect of Thespesia populnea (L.) Soland ex Correa Extract Using Malaria Mice Model Infected with P. berghei</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BALB/C</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemoglobin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parasitemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thespesia populnea extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">585-590</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Malaria is a re-emerging disease that still causes high morbidity and mortality rates. Reports of malaria therapy, encouraging studies to find new therapies based on plants and adjuvant in malaria infection. &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; or portia tree leaf extract is a plant that has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and antifungal effects. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract as antimalarial levels, and and its effect on hemoglobin levels in BALB/C mice infected with&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;ANKA (PbA).&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The study was true experimental laboratories using post-test only group design. Using 27 mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group with aquades (G1), Group received Chloroquine (G2), and Group with 200 mg/kg bw of &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Soland ex Correa extract and Chloroquine (G3). The degree of parasitemia was observed serially from the first day to the fourth day. Observation of the number of leukocytes and hemoglobin on the fourth day after the mice were terminated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of statistical analysis showed that the administration of &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; leef extract 200 mg/kg bw with chloroquine had the effect of decreasing the degree of parasitemia and increasing hemoglobin significantly than G1 group, but there was no significant difference with G2 group, although descriptively there were differences. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; or portia tree leaf extract has an anti-malarial effect and can also significantly prevent anemia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">585</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Prawesty Diah Utami*, Herin Setianingsih, Indira Firdha Syafitri, Rico Pratama Wiyono&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hang Tuah, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aseel Aljaghwani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khaled S Allemailem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lujain F Aljaghwani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faris Alrumaihi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rejo Jacob Joseph</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amjad Ali Khan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad aljaghwani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arshad H Rahmani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Almatroudi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Effect of Different Types of Honey on Selected ATCC Bacterial Strains</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enterococcus faecalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talha honey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zahoor honey and Manuka honey</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">217-225</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Honey is a complex sweet highly viscous liquid and is composed of various ingredients such as sugar, proteins, minerals, and polyphenolic compounds. Honey is used in traditional medicine systems for centuries because of its ability to inhibit the pathogenesis of various diseases through modulating various biological activities. In this study, antimicrobial potential of different types of honey was tested against selected pathogenic bacterial strains through agar well diffusion method. Four types of honey were used in the present investigation, and the potential antimicrobial activities of these varieties were further compared with that of antibiotics commonly used against targeted microbial strains. Among all of the four tested honey, three types were classified as blossom honey, being Talha (&lt;em&gt;Acacia &lt;/em&gt;sp) honey (TH), Zahoor (mixed flower) honey (ZH), and Manuka (&lt;em&gt;Leptospermum &lt;/em&gt;based honey) honey (MH). Both gram positive and gram negative bacterial species were used for this investigation. The pathogenic gram-positive bacterial strains included&lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 29213, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212 and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus (MRSA) ATCC 43300. Three gram negative bacteria like &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 25922,&lt;em&gt; Klebsiella pneumonia&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 700603 and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 27853 were also used to confirm the antimicrobial activities. As reflected from our study, we found that three varieties of honey including TH, ZH, and MH (with different UMF +20, +16, +5) displayed a broad spectrum antibacterial activity against all tested microbial strains. However, all strains showed a high frequency of resistance to BF honey. Gram-positive (G+) bacteria were found to be more sensitive to all tested honey types except (BF) as indicated by significantly higher zone of inhibition (ZOI) values than those of gram-negative (G-) bacteria. As a conclusion, this study suggests that antimicrobial potential of honey types might be helpful in order to treat the pathogenic microorganisms threatening the public health and changing antibiotics into last-resort drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">217</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aseel Aljaghwani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khaled S Allemailem&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lujain F. Aljaghwani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Faris Alrumaihi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rejo Jacob Joseph&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Amjad Ali Khan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad aljaghwani&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Arshad H. Rahmani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Almatroudi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternity and Children Hospital, Buraydah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Health Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Buraydah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cardiovascular and Catheter Laboratory, Prince Sultan Center for Cardiac Medicine and Surgery, Buraydah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph M Kathare</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">James M Mbaria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph M Nguta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gervason A Moriasi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfred O Mainga</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Efficacy, Cytotoxicity, Acute Oral Toxicity, and Phytochemical Investigation of the Aqueous and Methanolic Stem Bark Extracts of Bridellia micrantha (Hochst.) Baill</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brine shrimp lethality Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Median lethal concentration (LC50)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">median lethal dose (LD50)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum inhibitory concentration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zone of Inhibition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1248-1256</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Microbial infections cause high morbidity and mortality in humans globally. Antimicrobial resistance, emergence of new strains, high costs of antibiotics, inaccessibility-especially in remote areas, and adverse effects, impede successful eradications of pathogens, hence the need for novel strategies. &lt;em&gt;Bridellia micrantha&lt;/em&gt; is used in traditional medicine to treat microbial infections; however, it has not been empirically validated.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of &lt;em&gt;Bridellia micrantha&lt;/em&gt; was investigated using the disk diffusion and broth microdilution techniques, described by the Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. The brine shrimp lethality assay technique was used to investigate the cytotoxic effects of the studied plant extracts in exposed nauplii. Acute oral toxicity effects of the studied plant extracts in Winstar rats were investigated following the up-and-down procedure described by the Organisation for Economic Development and Co-operation (OECD). Qualitative phytochemical screening was performed following standard procedures. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous and methanolic extract of B. micrantha indicated varied antimicrobial activities against &lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus,&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. albicans,&lt;/em&gt; with inhibition zones ranging from 6.00mm to 19.00mm. Furthermore, the studied plant extracts exhibited low MIC values (≤100 μg/ml) on selected microbes. Since the MIC values were much lower than 1000μg/ml (the cutoff for antimicrobial efficacy appraisal), it is anticipated that, the studied plant extracts can be strong antibiotics. The aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. micrantha&lt;/em&gt; were cytotoxic to brine shrimp nauplii, with LC50 values of 486.67±3.15 μg/ml and 458.33±2.87 μg/ml, respectively; however, these extracts did not elicit any observable signs of toxicity in rat models. Pharmacologically active phytochemicals, including flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenols, and anthraquinones were detected in the two studied extracts.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous and methanolic stem bark extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. micrantha&lt;/em&gt; have appreciable antimicrobial activity against &lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. typhimurium, S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Besides, the studied plant extracts are cytotoxic to brine shrimp nauplii; but they do not cause acute oral toxicity effects in rat models. Additionally, the studied plant extracts contain bioactive phytochemicals, with antimicrobial activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1248</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Joseph M. Kathare&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, James M. Mbaria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Joseph M. Nguta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gervason A. Moriasi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alfred O. Mainga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053- 00625, Nairobi, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Mount Kenya University, P.O. 342-01000, Thika, KENYA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustanir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurdin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binawati Ginting</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Identification of Annona Squamosa Leaves Methanolic Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona squamosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1746-1750</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;Annona squamosa &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;A. squamosa&lt;/em&gt;) leaf was carried out using methanol extract and fractionated extract namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate and residue. The antioxidant activity of methanol extract and fractionated was performed using the 1-diphenyl-2-Pycrilhydrazil (DPPH) method. The antioxidant activity test of methanol extract and fractionated n-hexane, ethyl acetate and residue yielded IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 6.87, 169.99, 31.55 and 44.75 ppm. The ethyl acetate fraction extract with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;31.55 ppm was performed by column chromatography using silica gel G60 as the stationary phase and n-hexane: ethyl acetate as the mobile phase. The results of column chromatography obtained 181 fractions and were combined based on the stain pattern into 4 subfractions. Antioxidant test of each subfraction showed that the ASE 3 subfraction had the strongest antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the subfraction was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). According, GC-MS data analysis showed that the third subfraction contained 19 phytochemical compounds, where 3 compounds having the highest concentration, namely 4,4'-((p-Phenylene)diisopropylidene) diphenol, dodecanoic acid, methyl ester and phthalic acid, isobutyl 2-methylpent-3-yl ester.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1746</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mustanir&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nurdin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Binawati Ginting&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitri Santy Budiarso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andy Howard Limengan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratika Rahmasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Methanol Fractions Stem Bark of Kayu Sarampa (Xylocarpus moluccensis (Lam.) M. Roen))</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kayu Sarampa</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1694-1701</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Methanol extract of X. moluccensis was found to be significantly effective in scavenging DPPH method. Therefore, this research is a follow-up research study from Budiarso et al (2020).. The methanol extract was then fractionated and tested for antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess antioxidants activity of methanolic fractions from stem bark of Kayu Sarampa. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The Stem bark was extracted with Reflux method using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as solvent. The methanolic extract was fractionated using a chromatographic column were subjected to the antioxidant activity assay by the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;F3 Fractions IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of &lt;em&gt;X. moluccensis &lt;/em&gt;exhibits the highest DPPH scavenging activity compared with F2, F3, ascorbic acis as control positif, F5, and F4, wich are 4.64, 6.79, 9.69, 10.49, and 227.44 respectively and Ferric reducing power from methanolic fraction of &lt;em&gt;X. moluccensis&lt;/em&gt; stembark F3 exhibits higher antioxidant power compared to F2, F1, F5, ascorbic acid and F4, respectively which are 667.8 μmol/gr, 607.8 μmol/gr, and 573.8 340.48 and 309.8 μmol/gr, respectively&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1694</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fitri Santy Budiarso1, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Andy Howard Limengan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ratika Rahmasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;National Research and Innovation Agency, University of Pancasila, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Ubaya University, Raya Rungkut, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bannan Muthi'atul Af-idah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor Screening of Merremia peltata L. as Potential Traditional Treatment for Diabetes Mellitus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Merremia peltata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">902-908</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Merremia peltata&lt;/em&gt; is ethnomedicine plant used as traditional medicine in Sulawesi, Sumatra, Maluku and Papua. &lt;em&gt;M. peltata&lt;/em&gt; is used for diabetic. Diabetes mellitus therapy with inhibit activity of alpha glucosidase enzyme could delay absorption of monosaccharides after a meal and interrupt glucose transport into the circulation. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This research purpose is to investigate in vitro antioxidant activity and alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibitor leaves and stem extract of &lt;em&gt;M. peltata.&lt;/em&gt; Method: The Stem and leaves of &lt;em&gt;M. peltata &lt;/em&gt;were extracted sequentially using the UAE method using hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol as mobile phase/solvent. The &lt;em&gt;M. peltata &lt;/em&gt;extracts were subjected to the antioxidant activity assay by the DPPH radical scavenging and FRAP method. Antidiabetic activity was determined by an enzymatic alpha glucosidase inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract which had best performance in antioxidant activity was stem ME with value of IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;in DPPH 47.41 μg/mL and total antioxidant power 340.04 μmol/g. This study showed that leaves and stem extract of M .peltata have potential alpha glucosidase inhibitors for diabetic therapy. Stem ME had the best activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value 47.44 μg/mL, almost two times better than acarbose as a positive control (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 98.38 μg/mL). Leaves ME, leaves EA, and stem EA also give better activity of alpha glucosidase inhibitors than acarbose with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value 67.24 μg/mL, 69.38 μg/mL, and 72.85 μg/mL, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;M. peltata &lt;/em&gt;has potential antioxidant and alpha glucosidase inhibitor activity for diabetic therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">902</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bannan Muthi'atul Af-idah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Indonesian Institute of Sciences and Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pancasila, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreas Susilo Adi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Bioassay on Blumeodendron toxbrai (Blume.) Stem Bark Hexane, Dichloromethane, and Methanolic Ekstract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticytotoxic DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blumeodendron toksbraii</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139-141</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Blumeodendron toksbrai&lt;/em&gt;i has the potential to be anti-HIV and anti α-glucosidase. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was conducted to examine the effects of antioxidant and cytotoxicity&lt;em&gt; in vitro &lt;/em&gt;from these compounds from methanolic stem bark extract. Method: Stem bark to be extracted with maceration using hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol solution. Extracts were quantified with respect to&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity using the 2.2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging. Anticytotoxic activity was determined by cytotoxicity assay using MCF-7 cell line with Alamar Blue method.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The observed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value from hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extract for antioxidant assay were 88.33 ± 0.19 μg/ mL, 74,54 ± 0,61 μg /mL and 94.1 ± 0.19 μg/mL respectively. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of anti-cytotoxic assay from hexane extract, dichloromethane and methanol extract is 121.24 ± 0.15 μg/mL, 55 ± 0,48 μg/mL and 70.71 ± 0.15 μg/mL. Conclusion: dichloromethane extract showed good promising result for anti-oxidant and cytotoxic assay, futher study needed to isolate compound from this plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">139</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andreas Susilo Adi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hanafi, M.Sc&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Kawasan PUSPITEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen R. Silva-Correa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Víctor E. Villarreal-La Torre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José L. Cruzado-Razco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William Antonio Sagástegui- Guarniz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María V. González-Blas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anabel D. González-Siccha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhel A. Calderón-Peña</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinthya L. Aspajo- Villalaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luz M. Guerrero-Espino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Del Rosario-Chávarri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julio Hilario-Vargas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activity of Ethanol Extract of Annona cherimola Mill. On Paracetamol-Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paracetamol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">874-882</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Annona cherimola&lt;/em&gt; Mill. (&lt;em&gt;A. cherimola&lt;/em&gt;) is mainly characterized by its antioxidant and cytoprotective properties due to their content of phenolic compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate antioxidant and hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of leaves from &lt;em&gt;A. cherimola &lt;/em&gt;against induced toxicity by paracetamol in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Amount of total phenolics compounds of ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;A. cherimola &lt;/em&gt;Mill. was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH method. Three doses of the ethanol extract of leaves of &lt;em&gt;A. cherimola&lt;/em&gt; (250, 500 and 750 mg/Kg/day) were administered to rats and it was evaluated biochemical blood parameters: aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured, liver tissue was removed for histopathological analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethanol extract of leaves from&lt;em&gt; A. cherimola &lt;/em&gt;had 41.26 mg GAE/g extract and antioxidant DPPH Scavenging Activity had 85.51%.&lt;em&gt; A. cherimola &lt;/em&gt;reduced blood levels of ALT, AST and ALP, compared to control group Paracetamol, ethanol extract, being more effective at doses of 750 mg/Kg/day. Histopathological evaluation suggested that &lt;em&gt;A. cherimola&lt;/em&gt; decreased hepatic necrosis and degenerative process induced by paracetamol. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatoprotective activity of ethanol extract of leaves of&lt;em&gt; A. cherimola&lt;/em&gt; was demonstrated, being hepatoprotective activity dose dependent and the mechanism may involve antioxidant activity and total polyphenols found in extract of this plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">874</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Carmen R. Silva-Correa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Víctor E. Villarreal-La Torre&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, José L. Cruzado-Razco&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, William Antonio Sagástegui-Guarniz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, María V. González-Blas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anabel D. González-Siccha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abhel A. Calderón-Peña&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Cinthya L. Aspajo-Villalaz&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luz M. Guerrero- Espino&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jorge Del Rosario- Chávarri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Julio Hilario-Vargas&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L S Ngidi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C I Nxumalo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J S Shandu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T S Maliehe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Rene</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Anti-quorum Sensing and Cytotoxic Properties of the Endophytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1 's Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-quorum sensing activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332-340</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Novel bioactive compounds are in high demand to combat challenges of microbial resistance. In recent years, secondary metabolites from endophytic bacteria have drawn attention from researchers due to their novel structures and significant biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed at extracting secondary metabolites from endophytic &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; CP043328.1 from &lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; leaves for their biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The anti-SMASH was used to predict the biosynthetic gene clusters of &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;CP043328.1. The bacteria was resuscitated on Nutrient agar. Ethyl acetate was used to extract the secondary metabolites. Chemical composition of the secondary metabolites was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods were used to analyze the scavenging activity. Anti-quorum sensing activity was investigated using &lt;em&gt;Chromobacterium violacuem &lt;/em&gt;ATCC 12472 as the biological indicator. Cytotoxicity assay was performed using a tetrozolium-based columetric (MTT) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The bacterium has 12 gene clusters that encode for secondary metabolites. The extract revealed 15 volatile constituents with diisooctyl phthalate (50.51%) and [1, 2, 4] oxadiazole, 5-benzyl-3 (10.44%) being the major compounds. The extract revealed scavenging capabilities with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.625 mg/ml for DPPH and 0.15 mg/ml for ABTS. It displayed anti-quorum sensing activity with 88% violacein inhibition at 3.31 mg/ml. According to MTT assay, the extract was found to be safe for use up to 2000 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;CP043328.1 shows a potential use as a source of pharmacologically important metabolites.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L. S. Ngidi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, C. I. Nxumalo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, J. S. Shandu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, T.S. Maliehe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K. Rene&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Justil-Guerrero Hugo Jesús</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chávez-Flores Juana Elvira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cárdenas-Orihuela Robert Armando</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramos- Jaco Antonio Guillermo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ñañez-del-Pino Daniel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vásquez-Quispe Ángel David</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rojas-Cardenas Nathalie Felicita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernández-Flores Nélber</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity and Protective Effect of Aqueous and Hydroalcoholic Extracts of Senecio rhizomatus Rusby &quot;Llancahuasi&quot; on Erythrocytes Subjected to Oxidative Stress</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoperoxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasma membrane redox system</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reactive Oxygen Species</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reduced glutathione</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">516-527</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective. &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the antioxidant capacity and protective effect of aqueous and hydroalcoholic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Senecio rhizomatus&lt;/em&gt; Rusby in rat erythrocytes subjected to oxidative stress with hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;). &lt;strong&gt;Methodology.&lt;/strong&gt; This study used an experimental design. The extracts were obtained through maceration with 96° ethanol (SeR96), 70° ethanol (SeR70), 50° ethanol (SeR50) and through infused water (SeRAc). Secondary metabolites were identified through colorimetric reactions and precipitation. In each extract, we could determine the capacity to eliminate 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), the reduction of ferric ion and the total polyphenol content. In addition, the activity on the plasma membrane redox system (PMRS) was evaluated in each extract. The protection against oxidative stress in erythrocytes was evaluated by determining the content of reduced glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA). &lt;strong&gt;Results.&lt;/strong&gt; Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenolic compounds, sesquiterpene lactones and sugars were identified in all the extracts. The total polyphenols content showed a correlation with the reduction of ferric ion (r=0.885) and with DPPH radicals elimination (r = -0.899), where the one with the highest antioxidant capacity was SeR50. Thus, the SeR50 (all concentrations) and SeR70 (100 μg/mL concentration) significantly increased the PMRS activity compared to the control group. After inducing oxidative stress in erythrocytes, all the extracts maintained the GSH level and inhibited MDA formation significantly compared to the H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion.&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant capacity of hydroalcoholic extracts (96°, 70°, 50°) and aqueous infusion of &lt;em&gt;Senecio rhizomatus &lt;/em&gt;Rusby is related to the content of polyphenols. They increase the plasma membrane redox system activity in rat erythrocytes and protect them from oxidative stress induced with H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, showing an increase in the concentration of reduced glutathione and a decrease in malondialdehyde.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">516</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Justil-Guerrero Hugo Jesús&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Chávez-Flores Juana Elvira&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cárdenas-Orihuela Robert Armando&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramos-Jaco Antonio Guillermo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ñañez-del-Pino Daniel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vásquez-Quispe Ángel David&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rojas-Cardenas Nathalie Felicita&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fernández-Flores Nélber&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Norbert Wiener, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hugo Jesús Justil-Guerrero</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Miriam Palomino- Pacheco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magaly Villena-Tejada</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilmer Atilio Segura Vílchez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity of Chuquiraga Spinosa Less. &quot;Huamanpinta&quot; and Prevention of Carrageenan-Induced Inflammation in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoperoxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1287-1296</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antioxidant capacity of &lt;em&gt;Chuquiraga spinosa &lt;/em&gt;extracts and prevention of carrageenan-induced inflammation in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Experimental design: plant species, erythrocytes and male BALB C53 mice, were considered as biological material. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated in 50%, 70%, 96% and aqueous ethanolic extracts by 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl reduction, malondialdehyde inhibition in oxidized erythrocytes with H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and correlating with polyphenol content equivalent to gallic acid/gram dry extract. Inflammation was evaluated by inoculating carrageenan 2% in &quot;subcutaneous air bag&quot; of mice: 1) White, 2) carrageenan, 3) dexamethasone 2 mg/kg, 4-6) ethanolic extract 70% doses 100, 250 and 500 mg/kg respectively; determining nitric oxide, malondialdehyde, total proteins, albumin, leukocytes in exudate and histological changes. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenes, phenolic compounds, tannins, carbohydrates, triterpenes, steroids and sesquiterpene lactones were identified; aqueous extract presented greater reduction of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (CI50 = 58.99 μg/mL), ethanolic extract 70% presented greater inhibition of malondialdehyde in erythrocytes (CI50 = 16.44 nm/mL); It was observed that the higher the amount of polyphenols, the greater the reduction of 2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl (r=-0.909) and the greater the inhibition of malondialdehyde (r=-0.781). With 500 mg/kg of 70% ethanolic extract there was greater anti-inflammatory effect inhibiting malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, albumin, total proteins and leukocytes in 55.55%, 81.92%, 41.20%, 31.51% and 32.45% (p&amp;lt;0.01) respectively and less infiltration of leukocytes and lymphocytes in air sac membrane. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The extracts of aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Chuquiraga spinosa&lt;/em&gt; showed antioxidant capacity correlated to polyphenol content. The 70% ethanolic extract prevented inflammation in mice in a dosedependent manner.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1287</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hugo Jesús Justil-Guerrero&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt; Miriam Palomino-Pacheco&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Magaly Villena-Tejada&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Wilmer Atilio Segura Vílchez&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacology Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Research Institute of the Faculty of Medicine of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Academic Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad del Cusco. Cusco, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Management of Forensic Thanatology of the Institute of Legal Medicine and. Forensic Sciences. Public Prosecutor's Office. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri Sagita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melati Raisa Noor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antioxidant Effects of the Ethanolic Extract of Binahong Leaves Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction Rat Model</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anredera cordifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binahong</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chronic kidney injury</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185-188</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Chronic kidney injury produced free radicals. In a previous study, the ethanolic extract of binahong leaves (&lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; (Ten.) Steenis) has a flavonoid content, quercetin, a protective free radical effect. This study aims to determine the impact of binahong leaves against chronic kidney damage in Sprague Dawley rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; To this end, we developed a chronic kidney injury animal model by Unilateral Ureteral Obstruction (UUO) method. We randomly divided rats into six groups. Group I is the Sham group; Group II is the negative control group; Group III is the positive control group (losartan 1.18 mg/kg BW); Group IV is Dose I of binahong leaves extract 75 mg/kg BW); Group V is Dose II binahong leaves extract 150 mg/kg BW); Group VI is Dose III binahong leaves extract 300 mg/kg BW). We administered losartan and binahong extracts on day 14 after UUO treatment. The plasma was examined for the superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzyme activity, catalase enzyme activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA). All statistical analyzes were processed using the Statistical Program of Social Sciences (SPSS) software for Windows, version 16. The measured values of the parameters were expressed in mean ± SD. The difference test between groups was evaluated by ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) followed by LSD (Least Significant Difference) with a degree of significance (p) &amp;lt;0.05 if the data distribution was normal and homogeneous. If the distribution of data is not normal and not homogeneous use non-parametric Kruskal Wallis analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that UUO produced high MDA levels, whereas SOD activity and catalase activity were decreased compared with the Sham group. Administration of binahong extracts could reduce the MDA amount and increased the SOD and catalase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Binahong leaves extracts showed antioxidant activity to prevent kidney injury in UUO model rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar*, Putri Sagita Utami, Melati Raisa Noor &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok, 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Noor Zarina Abd Wahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aziah Azizul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norhidayah Badya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nazlina Ibrahim</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral Activity of an Extract from Leaves of the Tropical Plant Cynometra cauliflora</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">(3-(4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide); virucidal.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cynometra cauliflora</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herpes simplex virus type 1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">plaque reduction assay</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">752-757</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cynometra cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; is a species of tree in the family Fabaceae and has been used in folk medicinal preparation. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, &lt;em&gt;Cynometra cauliflora &lt;/em&gt;methanolic leaves extract was tested against clinical isolate herpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves of &lt;em&gt;C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; plant was extracted using methanol extraction method. Cytotoxicity was assessed using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Plaque reduction assays were carried out to evaluate the antiviral activity of&lt;em&gt; C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; extract against HSV-1. These include post-treatment, pre-treatment and virucidal assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The value of cytotoxic concentration, CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of&lt;em&gt; C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; extract was 36 mg/ mL. High antiviral activity was observed in post-treatment. &lt;em&gt;C. cauliflora &lt;/em&gt;extract treatment was found to not interfere directly to infectious particle and confer mild protection when given as prophylaxis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study provides important novel insights on the phytomedicinal properties of &lt;em&gt;C. cauliflora&lt;/em&gt; extracts on HSV-1.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">752</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Noor Zarina Abd Wahab&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aziah Azizul1, Norhidayah Badya&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nazlina Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan, Bangi, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertha Mirella Alfaro-Ttito</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic-like Effect of Essential Oils Extracted from Lippia alba and Lippia citriodora</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oils</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lippia alba</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lippia citriodora</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1377-1383</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Essential oils from natural plants are widely use around the world to relief mental conditions. The aim of this investigation was to determine the anxiolytic-like effect of essential oils extracted from &lt;em&gt;Lippia alba &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Lippia&lt;/em&gt; citriodora. &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The oil was extracted by hydro-distillation for 3 hours using a modified Clevenger-type apparatus and then chemical composition was investigated by gas chromatography analysis (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Moreover, a randomized experimental trial was conducted, where 95 participants were divided into 3 groups, comprising a waiting list control group and two experimental groups treated with essential oils by inhalation. The anxiety index was evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Measures were taken two times: pretest and posttest. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: chemical analysis showed that carvone was the main component (64.5%) for Lippia alba essential oil and geranial (39.8%) for&lt;em&gt; Lippia citriodora&lt;/em&gt;. State and Trait anxiety scores showed a decrease in posttest study phase in comparison with pretest in all experimental groups (p&amp;lt;0.05). Cohen's D and Hedges’ G scores show a large size effect in state anxiety for experimental group treated with Lippia alba while moderate changes were found for the rest of variables in all experimental groups.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: the essential oils extracted from &lt;em&gt;Lippia alba &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Lippia &lt;/em&gt;citriodora may be useful as a mean to counteract anxiety, specifically state anxiety showing short-terms benefits.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1377</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado- García&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bertha Mirella Alfaro-Ttito&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Elda Maritza Rodrigo-Villanueva&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Medicina. Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Posgrado. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santiago M. Benites</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic-like Effect of Luma chequen Essential Oil: A Pilot Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiety</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Essential oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luma chequeen.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1607-1613</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Essential oils are complex substances used widely extended in the form of aromatherapy or phytotherapy, some of them as agents to relieve anxiety and stress. In this sense this study was conducted to examine the anxiolytic-like effect of Luma chequen essential oil. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The essential oil was extracted by steam distillation and the chemical composition was investigated by Gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection (GC-FID) and Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). Moreover, a randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted, where 48 participants were divided into two groups, comprising a control group (CG) treated with placebo, and an experimental group (EG) treated with aromatherapy based on Luma chequen essential oil. The anxiety index was evaluated by State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Measures were taken at two times: pretest and posttest.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The chemical analysis showed that α-pinene was the main component (56.5%). State and Trait anxiety scores showed a decrease in posttest study phase in comparison with pretest in experimental group compared to placebo (p&amp;lt;0.005 for state anxiety and p&amp;lt;0.05 for trait anxiety). Cohen`s d score was 0.84 in State anxiety, while it was 0.52 for Trait anxiety. Percentages of change showed reductions of anxiety variable ranging between 14.94% for State anxiety and 13.60% for Trait anxiety. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These results suggest that aromatherapy based on essential oil of Luma chequen was moderately effective in improving anxiety.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1607</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Marilú Roxana Soto-Vásquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Enrique Rosales-Cerquin&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Demetrio Rafael Jara-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Santiago M. Benites&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Escuela de Psicología. Lima, Perú.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica. Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, Trujillo, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Escuela de Medicina. Universidad César Vallejo, Trujillo, PERÚ. 4Universidad Autónoma del Perú. Lima, PERÚ&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candra Irawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Application of Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction on the Stem Bark of Rhinachantus Nasutus (L.) Kurz, Total Phenolic, and Its Potential as Antioxidant and Inhibitor of Alpha-Glucosidase Enzyme Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase enzyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhinachantus nasutus (L.) Kurz</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolics content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrasound-assisted extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1297-1303</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to obtain a stem bark extract of &lt;em&gt;Rhinachantus nasutus&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Kurz through the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and reveal: the total phenolic content in the extract; The extract's potential as an antioxidant with copper-reducing strength parameters, and its potential as an antidiabetic by inhibiting alpha-glucosidase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The crude ethanol extract of R. nasutus stem bark obtained from the UAE process was 7.4896 g with a yield of 4.99%. The high total phenolic content, namely 677.3343±0.0007 mg GAE / g sample, the antioxidant activity test using the CUPRAC method gave an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 18.43±0.20 mg / L. In addition, the ethanol extract of stem bark has a high ability to inhibit the activity of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 10.95±0.28 mg / L. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol extract of the stem bark of R. nasutus from UAE has the potential as a source of antioxidants and antidiabetic.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1297</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Candra Irawan&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadlina Chany Saputri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Analytical Chemistry; Politeknik AKA Bogor; Bogor 16154; INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Science, Serpong (LIPI Indonesia), INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanitsara Songtavisin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benjamart Pratoomthai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Warachin Gangnonngiw</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarinyaporn Naowaboot</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica (Neem) Water Leaf Extract Inhibits Melanin Production and Tyrosinase Activity in B16F10 Melanoma Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperpigmentation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melanogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosinase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1030-1035</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Abnormal melanin production can cause pigmentary disorder such as hyperpigmentation. Finding a potent medicinal plants that can prevent pigment disorder. Objective: This study was to investigate the potential of leaf extract from&lt;em&gt; Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; var &lt;em&gt;siamensis valeton&lt;/em&gt; to inhibit melanin formation or melanogenesis. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;A.indica&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract was tested for phenolic and flavonoid content assay. Tests using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were administered to determine the toxicity of &lt;em&gt;A.indica &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract in B16F10 melanoma cells. Melanin content and tyrosinase activity assays were used to determine the potential for the inhibition of melanogenesis. Data was analyzed using SPSS. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;It was found that &lt;em&gt;A.indica &lt;/em&gt;leaf extract per gram has a total phenolic content of 28.73 ± 0.30 mg gallic acid equivalents and flavonoid of 12.48 ± 0.00 mg rutin equivalent. In addition, we found that these herbal extracts decreased the melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells without any toxicity. This study suggested that the melanin content and intracellular tyrosinase activity in B16F10 melanoma cells were decreased without any cytotoxicity by the &lt;em&gt;A.indica&lt;/em&gt; leaf water extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings demonstrated that &lt;em&gt;A.indica&lt;/em&gt; leaf water extract inhibits melanin production through reducing tyrosinase activity. These results could be useful as a therapeutic treatment for skin hyperpigmentation disorders as well as an effective ingredient in whitening cosmetics.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1030</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Thanitsara Songtavisin&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Benjamart Pratoomthai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Warachin Gangnonngiw&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jarinyaporn Naowaboot&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Paholyothin Road, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12121, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Basic Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Navamindradhiraj University, Thanon Samsen, Dusit District, Bangkok 10300, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centex Shrimp, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama VI Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Klong Nueng, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12121, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santi Sinala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ismail Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alfrida Monica Salasa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Ability Free Radical Binding of Dengen’s Stem Bark Extract (Dillenia serrata) From Luwu District Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dengen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol Bark Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IC50</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1340-1345</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Degenerative diseases such as cancer, heart disease is one of the diseases caused by free radicals. Dengen (&lt;em&gt;Dillenia serrata&lt;/em&gt;) is one of Indonesia's endemic local plants that has the potential to bind free radicals. So far, only limited to the use of fruit and consumed directly. This study aims to determine the ability of dengen stem bark extract to bind to free radicals expressed in IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. In the initial research, the total content of polyphenols in dengen stem bark extract was 444.8 mg GAE / g or 44.48%. Dengen stem bark is extracted by maceration using 70% ethanol solvent. Antioxidant activity was calculated based on IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; (Inhibition Concentration) values using the DPPH method, and measured at a wavelength of 516 nm. Ethanol extract of dengen bark is made in 5 concentration series, namely 10 ppm, 20 ppm, 30 ppm, 40 ppm and 50 ppm. Ethanol extract of dengen bark has a very active antioxidant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 48.33 ppm. Whereas for comparison vitamin C has an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 15.448 ppm. From the results, it can be concluded that the ethanol extract of dengen bark has the ability to bind free radicals with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 48.33 ppm&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1340</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Santi Sinala*, Ismail Ibrahim, Alfrida Monica Salasa&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy Poltekkes Kemenkes Makassar, Baji Gau No.10, Mamajang, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yufri Aldi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elidahanum Husni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Relin Yesika</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Activity of Kincung Flowers (Etlingera Elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm.) on Total Leukocytes and Percentage of Leukocytes in Allergic Male White Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allergies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Etlingera elatior (Jack) R.M.Sm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kincung Flower</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukocyte Percentage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Leukocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Kincung Flower (&lt;em&gt;Etlingera elatior &lt;/em&gt;(Jack) R.M.Sm.) is a native herbal plant in Southeast Asia that traditionally used to many diseases, especially in Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was conducted to determine the activity of kincung (&lt;em&gt;Etlingera elatior&lt;/em&gt; (Jack) R.M.Sm.) on the total number of leukocytes and differential leukocyte cells in allergic mice.&lt;strong&gt; Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The semi-solid extract of Kincung flower (&lt;em&gt;Etlingera elatior &lt;/em&gt;(Jack) R.M.Sm.) was made by the maceration method using 70% ethanol solvent. The animals used were 20 male white mice that have allergies of skin that treated with 20% albumen antigens given on the first day 0.2 mL/20 g intraperitoneally, then on the seventh day are given antigens with the same dose subcutaneously. Allergic mice indicated by redness at the injection site. It divided into four groups: the negative control group and three dose groups (100; 300; and 1000 mg/kg). On the seventh day after administration of the extract, observed the value of total leukocytes and differential leukocyte cells in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results after administration of extracts in 3 dose groups (100; 300; and 1000 mg / kg) and the negative control group showed sequentially the total number of leukocytes was: 3.95; 4.73; 6.01; and 3.6 x103/μL and the percentage of leukocytes consisting of lymphocytes: 67.6%; 62.0%; 56.8% and 70.0%, neutrophils: 22.4%; 29.2%; 36.8% and 20.0%, eosinophils: 6.4%; 5.8%, 4.2% and 6.6%, monocytes: 3.6%; 3.0%, 2.2% and 3.4%, and basophils: 1.8%; 1.4; 0.8% and 2.0%. It concluded that kincung flowers could increase total leukocytes significantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), decrease lymphocytes, eosinophils, basophils significantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), increase neutrophils significantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), and reduce monocytes insignificantly (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Kincung flowers (&lt;em&gt;Etlingera Elatior&lt;/em&gt; (Jack) R.M.Sm.) can be used as an immunomodulator and decreasing the percentage of basophil cells, and eosinophils can used as an anti-allergic drug.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yufri Aldi*, Elidahanum Husni, Relin Yesika &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University Andalas, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imane Zakariya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omar Elhamdaoui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zineb ibn lahmar Andaloussi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhak Chergui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El Amine Ajal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khalid Taghzouti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rachid Nejjari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Diuretic Activity of the Aqueous Ethanol Root Extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia Pourr. In Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Corrigiola telephiifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diuretic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diuretic plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaliuresis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urine electrolytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1552-1558</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was undertaken to justify and validate a very frequent traditional use of a very well-known and widely used plant by a large part of the Moroccan population. It’s about &lt;em&gt;Corrigiola telephiifolia&lt;/em&gt;, and the activity in question is the diuretic activity.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous ethanol root extract of&lt;em&gt; CMethods:orrigiola telephiifolia&lt;/em&gt; (200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg, and 700 mg/kg) was orally administered to rats. The urinary excretion rate and pH, and electrolyte excretion were measured in the urine of saline-loaded rats. Negative control group received only an equivalent volume of distilled water, while the positive control groups received the diuretic drugs hydrochlorothiazide at dose 10 mg/kg. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that hydrochlorothiazide induced significant diuresis and electrolytes excretion at 1, 6 and 24 h after the treatment. Both the higher doses of the extract produced a significant increase in urine volume than the control from the first hour until the end of observation. However, the lowest dose increased significantly only at 24 h after the treatment. With regard to the electrolyte excretion, the tested doses of CTRE which have shown a significant increase in Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; and Cl&lt;sup&gt;-&lt;/sup&gt;excretion in comparison to normal control rats, are 400 and 700 mg/kg bw. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings collectively indicate that the extracts of&lt;em&gt; C. telephiifolia&lt;/em&gt; have a potential to induce diuresis markedly, and providing evidence, for its traditional use.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1552</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imane Zakariya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* , Omar Elhamdaoui&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zineb ibn lahmar Andaloussi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelhak Chergui&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Al amine Ajlal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Khalid Taghzouti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rachid Nejjari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of pharmacognosy, faculty of medicine and pharmacy, University Mohammed V, BP 6203, RABAT, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, faculty of science, University Mohammed V, BP: 1014, Rabat- MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tedjo Narko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marlia Singgih Wibowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sophi Damayanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indra Wibowo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Toxicity Tests of Fermented Robusta Green Coffee Using Zebrafish Embryos (Danio rerio)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green coffee</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kombucha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zebrafish embryos</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">485-492 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Green coffee beans are coffee beans of coffee fruit that have not yet been roasted. The use of green coffee beans as a weight-loss agent has been widely used worldwide, but nowadays there is a new way to enjoy coffee by adding kombucha culture to it, or what is known as kombucha coffee. The development of this fermented product preparation still requires a more in-depth study, one of which is related to the toxicity of the kombucha green coffee preparation. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was aimed to determine LC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;values for robusta green coffee fermented with kombucha culture using zebrafish (&lt;em&gt;Danio rerio&lt;/em&gt;) embryos using an &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study observed the development of 20 zebrafish embryos administered one of five different concentrations of kombucha coffee preparation 24 hours up to 96 hours, with the experiment repeated three times. The percentage of embryo deaths was observed and analyzed using a probit model for LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; concentration and analyzed using IBM SPSS Ver 23. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; An LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; for kombucha green coffee of 1294.29 ppm was obtained. Statistical tests on the concentration of kombucha coffee extracts were not significant differences with p-values &amp;gt; 0.05.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of robusta green coffee extract using zebrafish embryos of 1294.29 ppm included in the safe category.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">485 </style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tedjo Narko&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marlia Singgih Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sophi Damayanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Indra Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Bandung Institute of Technology, Jalan Ganesha 10 Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Poltekkes TNI AU, Jalan Ciumbuleuit No.203 Bandun0g, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dwi Susiloningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adita Ayu Permanasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrna Adianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lidya Tumewu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tutik Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulyadi Tanjung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aty Widyawaruyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achmad Fuad Hafid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Alkaloid Fraction from Melicope latifolia Leaves Inhibits Hepatitis C Virus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-HCV</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melicope latifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N-methylflindersine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">535-540 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is a major health problem, which infects approximately 170 million people among worldwide population. Moreover, there is no vaccine available to prevent HCV infection and the current anti-HCV drugs have not covered all the various genotypes and subtypes. Meanwhile, medicinal plants have been widely used to treat a variety of infectious disease. Our previous study reported that ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Melicope latifolia &lt;/em&gt;has been shown to exert anti-HCV activity towards a number of different virus genotypes with mainly inhibition mechanism at the entry step. Further separation was needed to purify and identify the active anti-HCV constituent using bioactivity-guided isolation method.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; Anti-HCV assay was performed using hepatocyte cell line (Huh7it) and HCV genotype 2a (JFH1). The purification of &lt;em&gt;M. latifolia &lt;/em&gt;ethanol extract (B1F) was done by liquid-liquid fractionation, vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC), and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The active fraction was further identified by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and the major constituent was determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectra data analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The fractionation of &lt;em&gt;M. latifolia&lt;/em&gt; leaves ethanol extract resulted an alkaloid fraction (B1F D2H.3) containing a major constituent N-methylflindersine. This alkaloid fraction was active to reduce HCV JFH1 with an inhibition concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) value of 6.21 µg/mL, a cytotoxicity concentration (CC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) value of 82.64 µg/mL, and a selectivity index value of 13.31. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;An alkaloid fraction of &lt;em&gt;M. latifolia&lt;/em&gt; (B1F D2H.3) was known to have major compound named N-methylflindersine. This alkaloid fraction exhibited strong anti-HCV against JFH1 &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;. The results indicated that this alkaloid fraction may a good candidate for anti-HCV agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">535</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dwi Susiloningrum&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adita Ayu Permanasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Myrna Adianti&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Lidya Tumewu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tutik Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mulyadi Tanjung&lt;sup&gt;2,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Aty Widyawaruyanti&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Achmad Fuad Hafid&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;,* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health, Traditional Medicine Study Program, Faculty of Vocational, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Herrera-Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnny Aldo Tinco-Jayo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdur Rauf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renán Hañari-Quispe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Linder Figueroa-Salvador</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victor Fernández-Guzmán</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameliorative Effect of the Oral Administration of Chuquiraga spinosa in a Murine Model of Breast Cancer Induced with 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticarcinogenic agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Breast tumor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preventive medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">562-568 </style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the ameliorative effect of the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Chuquiraga spinosa &lt;/em&gt;(ChS) on 7,12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA)-induced breast cancer in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;36 female Holztman rats were divided into 6 groups. I) The negative control group received physiological saline (PS). II) ChS-200 group received 200 mg/kg of ChS. III) DMBA group was induced with DMBA (20 mg/Kg) dissolved in PS and administrated orally for 15 weeks. IV) DMBA + ChS-50 group, V) DMBA + ChS-250 group, and VI) DMBA + ChS-500 group, which received the extract orally for 15 weeks after DMBA induction. All data were expressed as mean and standard deviation. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnet test was carried out to compare the mean value of different groups Histopathological analysis was evaluated by using Image J software. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Hematology showed that the triglyceride level was significantly lowered (P&amp;lt; 0.01) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level was significantly increased (P &amp;lt;0.01) in groups III, IV and V. Also, ChS extract significantly lowered the C reactive protein (CRP) level (P &amp;lt;0.01) and malondialdehyde level (P&amp;lt;0.05). There was a significant decrease in the frequency of DMBA-induced micronucleated polychromatic erythrocyte (P&amp;lt;0.01). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;strong&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Chuquiraga spinosa&lt;/em&gt; showed an ameliorative effect on DMBA-induced breast cancer in rats as well as antioxidant, antitumor and antigenotoxic properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">562</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jorge Luis Arroyo-Acevedo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Oscar Herrera-Calderon&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Johnny Aldo Tinco-Jayo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Juan Pedro Rojas-Armas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdur Rauf&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Renán Hañari-Quispe&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Linder Figueroa-Salvador&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Victor Fernández-Guzmán&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Experimental Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Academic Department of Pharmacology, Bromatology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Academic Department of Human Medicine, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Swabi-23430, KPK, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinic Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary medicine and Zootechnics, Universidad Nacional del Altiplano, Puno, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;School of Medicine, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School of Business, ESAN University, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Continental, Huancayo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erwin Mulyawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ramli Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Asadul Islam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muh Nasrum Massi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mochammad Hatta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syafri Kamsul Arif</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of GABRB3 Protein Level After Administration of Valerian Extract (Valeriana officinalis) in BALB/c mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BALB/c mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diazepam</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GABRB3 protein</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Valerian extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">821-827</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Valeriana officinalis is most commonly used as traditional medicine. Valerenic acid is the primary component of Valerian officinalis which inhibits the catabolism of enzyme induced breakdown of gamma amino butyric acid (GABA) in the brain, resulting in sedation. The aim of this study is to determine the level of GABRB3 protein, as part of major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, after administration of Valerian extracts in BALB/c mice. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This is an experimental study using animal model with post test-only controlled group design. Twenty healthy adult male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into four groups, negative control group (Aquadest), positive control group (Diazepam 0.025 mg/10 g), first treatment group (Valerian extract 2.5 mg/10 g) and second treatment group (Valerian extract 5 mg/10 g). The drugs were administered via gastric gavage for seven consecutive days. The blood was drawn from each mice on the first day (before treatment) and on the seventh day of experiment (2 hours after treatment). The blood sample was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine the GABRB3 protein level. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;GABRB3 protein level in BALB/c mice after administration of Valerian extract was increased significantly in both treatment group (&lt;em&gt;p &lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.0001). The highest increment in protein levels was found in the first treatment group with an increase of 2.988 μmol/L, compared with the second treatment group with an increase of 2.146 μmol/L. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;GABRB3 protein level in BALB/c mice were increased after administration of Valerian extract. Administration of higher dose does not yield in higher GABRB3 protein level nor sedative effect.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">821</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Erwin Mulyawan&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Ramli Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Andi Asadul Islam&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muh. Nasrum Massi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mochammad Hatta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Syafri Kamsul Arif&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care and Pain Management, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Molecular Biology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sujithra M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vimala KS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabitha M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">An Analytical and in-vivo Study to Evaluate the Effect of Triphala Kaṣāya Vāsita Godhūma (Triticum aestivum grains soaked in Triphala Kaṣāya) on its Glycemic Index compared to Raw Godhūma (Raw Triticum aestivum grains)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayurveda</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gluten</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycemic index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godhūma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prameha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Triphala kaṣāya</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">526-534</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Diabetes is generally referred to as a Metabolic Disorder or a Lifestyle Disorder, that is mainly characterized by the symptom of Hyperglycemia caused by the defective insulin secretion, congenital or acquired. Diabetes requires management of diet and lifestyle with or without medications to keep the blood sugar under control. Foods with medium Glycemic Index (GI) is best preferred for Diabetics, because high GI foods will rapidly increase the blood sugar level, and low GI will cause grave health issues. In practice, wheat is the highly recommended diet for diabetics as the GI is medium in comparison to rice that belongs to a high GI group. But wheat causes digestive problems, and flatulence in addition to the Gluten allergy that many people suffer from. However in Āyurveda, the Classical Text Aṣṭāṅga Hṛdaya (AH) mentions in Prameha Cikitsa Adhyāya (Chapter on Treatment of Diabetes) that Godhūma (grains of Wheat - Triticum aestivum L) has to be kept soaked in Triphala Kaṣāya (Decoction prepared with the fruits of Terminalia chebula, T. bellerica and Phyllanthus emblica) and then dried and powdered before being used as a diet for a diabetic. The grains of Godhūma were kept soaked in Triphala Kaṣāya and then dried and powdered. A comparative analytical study was done for the two samples- treated wheat grains (Triphala Kaṣāya Vāsita Godhūma) and untreated/raw wheat grains. An In vivo study was also done to assess the GI value of both the samples of wheat. The analytical and In vivo study results prove that while the GI is still maintained within medium range, the allergen gluten is completely eliminated, total fat and total protein have reduced while still maintaining the nutritive value, in the treated sample when compared to the raw sample. Based on the results obtained from the analytical and in-vivo study, it can be concluded that Triphala Kaṣāya Vāsita Godhūma becomes even more compatible and healthy for a diabetic, in gluten allergy and discomforts caused by wheat consumption, in comparison to the untreated wheat grains.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">526</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sujithra M&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Vimala KS&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sabitha M&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Priya S&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;PG Scholar, Department of Dravya Guna Vijnana (Ayurvedic Pharmacology), Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri; Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Dravya Guna Vijnana (Ayurvedic Pharmacology), Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri; Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Principal, Amrita School of Pharmacy, Cochin; Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;HOD &amp;amp; Professor, Department of Dravya Guna Vijnana (Ayurvedic Pharmacology), Amrita School of Ayurveda, Amritapuri; Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victoria Vladimirovna Fedotova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dmitry Alexeevich Konovalov</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical Characteristics of Leaves and Flowers of Cornus sanguine subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collenchyma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cornus sanguinea subsp. australis (C.A.Mey.) Jav.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-section</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mesophyll</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomatal anomocytic type</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vascular bundle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Т-shaped trichomes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">448-451</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cornus sanguinea &lt;/em&gt;subsp. &lt;em&gt;australis &lt;/em&gt;(C.A.Mey.) Jav. is a widespread plant of the Caucasus (Russia). This is a small decorative tree with a large mass of raw material of leaves and flowers, which contain phenolic compounds. Currently, this plant is used in traditional medicine in some countries. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;C. australis &lt;/em&gt;leaves, and flowers were collected during the flowering period on the Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk, Stavropol region, Russia in June 2019. The anatomical structure of &lt;em&gt;C. australis &lt;/em&gt;is considered in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; There are heavily sinuous walls of cells of the upper and lower epidermis in microscopy of the leaves of &lt;em&gt;C. australis,&lt;/em&gt; stomatal anomocytic type, Т-shaped trichomes, two types of mesophyll: palisade and spongy. In the vascular system of the leaf and petiole, there are two vascular bundles: small and larger. In the small vascular bundle, the xylem is located from the abaxial surface, the phloem – from the adaxial surface, in the big vascular bundle on the contrary. The lower epidermis of the petal and sepal is covered with T-shaped trichomes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Obtained anatomical signs are necessary for identification, authenticity, standardization for the use of &lt;em&gt;C. australis&lt;/em&gt; as raw materials for pharmaceutical purposes.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">448</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Victoria Vladimirovna Fedotova&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dmitry Alexeevich Konovalov&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, a Branch of Volgograd State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Kalinina 11, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P Praveen Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Prabhu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mallika Jain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Kalaivani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shruthi Dinakar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sampad Shil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Vijayalakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-arthritic Property of Sahacharadi Kashayam Against Freund's Complete</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-arthritic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arthritis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biomarkers</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sahacharadi Kashayam</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">459-464</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;The available modern molecular drugs for the therapy of Rheumatoid arthritis are beset with several side effects and alternative drugs are urgently needed. The present investigation was performed to evaluate the anti-arthritic activity of Sahacharadi Kashayam (SK), an Ayurvedic formulation, against Freund's complete adjuvant (CFA) - induced arthritis in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this experimental trial, SK was administered at doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 ml/kg body weight orally to adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritic rats. The anti-arthritic activity was evaluated by using paw volume, haematological parameters and arthritic biomarkers. The efficacy of the Kashayam was compared with the standard Leflunomide (10 mg/kg) drug. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Significant reduction in paw volume and thickness by SK (0.5 ml dose) has been found and there was considerably improvement in haematological parameters and arthritic markers in CFA rats till 14 days. After 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day SK treatment with doses (1.0 and 1.5ml), however, reoccurrence of inflammation and pathological changes were observed in rats.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study clearly indicated the anti-arthritic role of SK. Future studies, however, are warranted to provide a new approach in relation to the therapeutic dose and treatment period of SK which may eventually lead to the development of a new category of the anti-arthritic agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">459</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;P Praveen Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K Prabhu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudiganti Ram Krishna Rao&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mallika Jain&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, K Kalaivani&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Shruthi Dinakar&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Sampad Shil&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, N. Vijayalakshmi&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate Professor, Department of Anatomy, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Bharath University, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Scientist, Bright Care Research Private Ltd, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Indira Priyadarshini Dental College, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Ayurvedic Practitioner, Kottakkal Arya Vaidhya Sala, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Student, Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Budiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Lia Aulifa</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity and Mode of Action of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra) Fruits Extract Against Streptococcus mutans</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Black mulberry fruits extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cellular membrane damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus mutans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1722-1726</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Black mulberry was a member of the plant groups from genus Morus, which contains the highest total phenolic compounds compared to other species. It could be a potential source of antimicrobial agents. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the fruits extract against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus mutans.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Agar diffusion and microdilution methods were used for evaluation of the antibacterial activity and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the extract. Protein and ion leakage from the bacterial cells induced by the extract was analyzed spectrophotometrically. The morphological change was determined using Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Black mulberry (BM) fruits extract showed antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;S. mutans&lt;/em&gt; with MIC value of 8 mg/mL, as well as contributed to the aforementioned leakage. Meanwhile, cellular membrane damage was observed, indicating that the extract might inhibit growth of the bacteria. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;BM extract could be a potential raw material for herbal medicine, especially anticaries which has antibacterial activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1722</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arif Budiman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Diah Lia Aulifa&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21. INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia (Indonesian School of Pharmacy), Jl. Soekarno-Hatta No 354, Bandung 40266, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadzila Anindya Tejaputri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ade Arsianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fona Qorina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Qotrunnada Fithrotunnisa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Norma Nur Azizah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rista Putrianingsih</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer Activity of Ruellia britoniana Flower on Cervical HeLa Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cervical HeLa cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruellia brittoniana</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-34</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cervical cancer ranks 4&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; in terms of the mortality rates and incidence of all cancers in women (GLOBOCAN 2018). In last decade, there is a significance progress in cancer therapy followed by an increase in the cost of cancer treatment. Therefore, it is necessary to have therapeutic innovations that are expected to reduce the cost of cervical cancer therapy. One therapeutic innovation that is currently being intensively carried out is herbal medicine. Some researchers have found that some plant extracts have anti-cancer properties that can be an alternative treatment for cancer, such as some plants with the genus &lt;em&gt;Ruellia&lt;/em&gt;, such as &lt;em&gt;Ruellia tuberosa &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Ruellia squarrosa&lt;/em&gt;. However, research on the anticancer activity of the species of &lt;em&gt;Ruellia brittoniana&lt;/em&gt;, especially the flowers, is still limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Aim of this study is to examine anti-cervical cancer activity of &lt;em&gt;R. brittoniana&lt;/em&gt; flower. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;R.brittoniana&lt;/em&gt; flowers were obtained from Depok, West Java, Indonesia. The flowers are extracted gradually with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol solvents. The extracts were evaluated for anticancer activity by MTT method.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for ethanol extract, ethyl acetate extract and n-hexane extract of &lt;em&gt;R. brittoniana&lt;/em&gt; flowers are 116.55 ppm, 52.62 ppm, and 123.09 ppm, respectively, which indicating that ethanol extract has moderate anticancer activity, while ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract of &lt;em&gt;R. brittoniana&amp;nbsp;&lt;/em&gt;flowers have weak anticancer activity.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extract of &lt;em&gt;R.brittoniana&lt;/em&gt; flowers have a potential to become natural anti-cervical cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nadzila Anindya Tejaputri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ade Arsianti&lt;sup&gt;2,3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Fona Qorina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Qotrunnada Fithrotunnisa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Norma Nur Azizah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rista Putrianingsih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Research Cluster, Drug Discovery Division, Indonesia Medical Education and Research Institute (IMERI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Jalan Salemba Raya 6 Jakarta 10430, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratna Djamil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Deni Rahmat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarah Zaidan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maya Nur latifah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticholesterol Activity of Okra Fruit Extract (Abelmoschus esculentus (L) Moench) and Its Nanoemulsion in vivo</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypercholesterolemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticles</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Okra fruits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total cholesterol level</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">316-320</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Okra fruit has phytosterol, pectin that has the potential as an anticholesterol. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The purpose of this study was to obtain 70% (v/v) ethanol extract of okra fruit and its nanoparticles and to evaluate their anti-cholesterol activity&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Okra fruit was extracted by kinetic maceration and the produced extract was tested for phytochemical screening and anti-cholesterolemi activity &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. The nanoparticles was prepared using a cosolvention method. In this study, DDY white mice was divided into 5 groups, namely normal control, negative control, positive control (simvastatin), the extract (400 mg /kg BW), and the nanoparticles (~ 400 mg /kg BW) group. All groups except normal were fed for 14 days with high cholesterol diet. After 14 days, the induction of hypercholesterolemia was stopped and simvastatin was administrated to positive control and the test groups were treated with the extract and the nanoparticles for 7 days. Measurement of total cholesterol level was carried out by cholesterol stripe test method.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The nanoparticles used demonstrated particle size of 134.7 nm and zeta potential of -26.72. The results showed a decrease in total cholesterol levels in positive control, the extract and the nanoparticles group as many as 48.68%; 32.44% and 42.95%, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The nanoparticles can increase the activity of the extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">316</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ratna Djamil&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Deni Rahmat&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sarah Zaidan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maya Nur latifah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta,12640 INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory ofTechnology Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta,12640 INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta,12640 INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ace Baehaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herpandi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susi Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hendri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Febri Ariska</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity with N-Hexane, Ethyl-Acetate and Ethanol Extract of Halodule uninervis Seagrass</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haludule uninervis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seagrass</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805-808</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The purpose of this research was to observe the antidiabetic activity from N-hexane, ethylacetate and ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Halodule uninervis &lt;/em&gt;seagrass&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; The antidiabetic activity with extract concentrations of 125 ppm, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 1000 ppm and 2000 ppm from seagrass extract with ethanol solvent showed that it had the ability as an anti-diabetic agent stronger than seagrass extract with n-hexane and ethyl acetate solvents. Calculation of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of &lt;em&gt;Halodule uninervis&lt;/em&gt; seagrass with ethanol extract was 74.99 ppm and ethyl acetate was 1,517,05 ppm. Glukobay as control was 0.27 ppm.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">805</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ace Baehaki&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Herpandi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Susi Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hendri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Febri Ariska&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Fisheries Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Study Program of Marine Sciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, Indralaya, South Sumatera, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heru Sasongko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratih Guswinda Lestari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adi Yugatama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yeni Farida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sugiyarto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Effect Combination Vasconcellea pubescens A.DC. and Momordica charantia L. Extract in Alloxan- Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Momordica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Synergistic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasconcellea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311-315</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Mountain papaya (&lt;em&gt;Vasconcellea pubescens&lt;/em&gt; A.DC.) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) fruit extract have total flavonoids and some metabolite from its contains. The use of a single dose in the treatment of diabetes is often considered to lack a strong effect. Giving a combination of the compound is a solution to provide a synergistic effect in treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Rat were divided into eight groups (normal, negative control, glibenclamide as a positive control, and five dose extract group). The single dose mountain papaya extract (MPE) and bitter melon extract (BME) were given at 174 mg/kg b.w of MPE, and 380 mg/kg b.w of BME in oral administration. Combination of MPE:BME (25:75, 50:50, 75:25)% or (87:190; 44:285 and 130:95) mg/kg b.w in oral administration. Induction of diabetes used alloxan dose of 150 mg/kg b.w intraperitoneally. The treatment was performed for 21 days with a frequency of once a day. Blood sugar level was measured at pretest, 7&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 14&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, and 21&lt;sup&gt;st &lt;/sup&gt;days. At the end of the test, measurements of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and pancreatic morphology were measured. Data were analyzed by ANOVA statistic. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The single and combination of MPE-BME showed an decrease in blood glucose levels significantly compared with the negative control (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; ≤ 0.05). The same results from measurements of levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and pancreatic morphology. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the research, a combination of the MPE-BME had antidiabetic and antioxidant activity, but the activity was not significantly different from both single-dose extract (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt; 0.05).&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">311</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Heru Sasongko&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* , Ratih Guswinda Lestari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adi Yugatama&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yeni Farida&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sugiyarto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Jl. Ir. Sutami No. 36 A, Surakarta 57126, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fania El Ridhasya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Novia Rahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Almurdani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudi Hendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilwan Yuda Teruna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Constituents from Helminthostachys zeylanica (L) Hook (Ophioglossaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Helminthostacys zeylanica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ophioglossaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223-226</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The roots of tunjuk langit (&lt;em&gt;Helminthostacshys zeylanica&lt;/em&gt;) have been used traditionally in some villages in Indonesia, particularly in Riau Province. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study we reported two flavonoids and their antidiabetic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Isolation of the metabolites was based on polarity fractionation method. Purification processes were conducted by vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC). Chemical structures were elucidated based on spectroscopy characteristics, including FTIR and 1D/2D NMR. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The isolated compounds were identified as ugonin J and K. The antidiabetic activity was measured by &lt;em&gt;α&lt;/em&gt;-glucosidase inhibitor assay. The antidiabetic activity of ugonin J was found at IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 273,13±0,402 ppm and Ugonin K was found at IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;138,21±0,263 ppm (moderately active). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Therefore this plant can be used traditionally as antidiabetic medicine.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">223</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fania El Ridhasya, Novia Rahim, Muhammad Almurdani, Rudi Hendra, Hilwan Yuda Teruna* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Varda Arianti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iskandarsyah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Elastase, Antioxidant, Total Phenolic and Total Flavonoid Content of Wuru Ketek (Myrica javanica Reinw. ex Bl.) from Tangkuban Perahu, West Java - Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Elastase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiaging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrica javanica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TFC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TPC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">293-297</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of elastase and ROS can cause skin aging, phenolic compounds and flavonoids can be used to inhibit elastase activity and as an antioxidant. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This research aimed to evaluate the anti-elastase, antioxidant activities, TPC and TFC of extracts from&lt;em&gt; Myrica javanica.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;In this study, the leaves, stems and fruit of &lt;em&gt;Myrica javanica &lt;/em&gt;were macerated with 96% ethanol. The extracts obtained were analysed for anti-elastase and antioxidant activities. It was also evaluated for TPC and TFC. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; anti-elastase on leaves extract (LE), stems extract (SE), and fruits extract (FE) respectively showed 64.71 ppm, 197.49 ppm, and no activity. The anti-elastase result of three extracts are lower if compared with Myricetine (9.54 ppm). SE showed highest DPPH and TPC value (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=16.36 μg/mL; 307.00 mgGAE/g dry weight) and LE showed highest FRAP and TFC value (421.68 Mol/gram; 15.80 mgQE/g dry weight). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In summary, anti-elastase and antioxidant activity are influenced by differences in the content of compounds in the extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">293</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Varda Arianti, Berna Elya*, Iskandarsyah &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yesi Desmiaty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rini Prastiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Elastase, Anti-Tyrosinase and Anti-Oxidant of Rubus Fraxinifolius Stem Methanolic Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Elastase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-tyrosinase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubus fraxinifolius stem</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">271-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Some Rubus were reported had anti-skin aging activity. &lt;em&gt;Rubus fraxinifolius &lt;/em&gt;was one of Rubus genus which lives in Indonesian highland.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was to examine elastase, tyrosinase, and oxidant inhibitory activity of &lt;em&gt;R. fraxinifolius &lt;/em&gt;stem (RFS) extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Extraction was done by a Soxhlet apparatus using methanol as solvent. Elastase inhibition activity was determined, which based on the formation of p-nitroaniline. Tyrosinase inhibition activity evaluated based on inhibition of mushroom tyrosinase by the sample with L-DOPA as substrate. The activity of antioxidant was determined using the DPPH radical scavenger method. LC-MS was used for prediction of naturally occurring phytochemicals. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The RFS extract yield was 9.03 %. The RFS extract revealed inhibition activity against elastase and tyrosinase with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 128.85 ppm, and 155.19 ppm, respectively. DPPH radical scavenging activity gave IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 63.04 ppm. Total phenolic content of the extract was 387.99+3.21 mg GAE/g extract. The LC-MS analysis showed the presence of at least 13 different organic compounds in RFS extract, which might contribute to the bioactivity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Therefore, this experiment further proved that RFS extract might be useful as a natural product ingredient of anti-photoaging skincare products because of its ability to inhibit elastase, tyrosinase, and as an antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">271</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yesi Desmiaty&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fadlina Chany Saputri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rini Prastiwi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila Univercity, Jakarta, 12640, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry Research Centre, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), PUSPIPTEK Serpong, 15314, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr Hamka, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syamsurizal Syamsurizal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harizon Harizon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiana Milanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imam Adi Wicaksono</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal Activity of Neolignan Derivatives from Eusideroxylon zwageri Against Pathogenic Fungus Microsporum gypseum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eusiderin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eusideroxylon zwageri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microsporum gypseum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993-999</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Bulian wood (&lt;em&gt;Eusideroxylon zwageri&lt;/em&gt;) known as iron wood. It was known as wood source which fungi and insect resistant. These effects were interconnected with secondary metabolites contained within. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Eusideroxylon zwageri&lt;/em&gt; wood powder was macerated with methanol and fractinated with n-Hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate. Eusiderin I and Compound B were isolated from n-hexane fraction, while Compound C were isolated from dichloromethane fraction. Eusiderin I, compound A and Compound B were characterized using melting point, UV spectroscopy and compared with previous data. Antifungal activity test was conducted with &lt;em&gt;Microsporum gypseum&lt;/em&gt; using paper disc method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A research on antifungal activity of Neolignan derivatives from &lt;em&gt;Eusideroxylon zwageri &lt;/em&gt;against pathogenic fungus &lt;em&gt;Microsporum gypseum &lt;/em&gt;had been carried out. Eusiderin I, Compound B and Compound C were isolated from wood of &lt;em&gt;Eusideroxylon zwageri&lt;/em&gt;. All three compounds are white crystals with melting point in such 99-100 oC, 110-112 oC, 98-99 oC, respectively and UV spectrum data is similar to reference. The antifungal activity test of Eusiderin I, Compound B and Compound C from Bulian wood (&lt;em&gt;Eusideroxylon zwager&lt;/em&gt;i) to phatogen fungus of &lt;em&gt;Microsporum gypseum &lt;/em&gt;showed that with five different concentrations (5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 ppm), Eusiderin I was a potent antifungal because it had a strong activity in inhibiting the&lt;em&gt; Microsporum gypseum &lt;/em&gt;growth. The 5 days incubation test result showed that 50 ppm Eusiderin I could inhibit the &lt;em&gt;Microsporum gypseum&lt;/em&gt; colony growth. The 100 ppm Eusiderin I gave the most effective inhibition precentage because it could inhibit the &lt;em&gt;Microsporum gypseum &lt;/em&gt;colony growth (= 93.9%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Based on this data, Eusiderin I can be indicated an antifungal candidate.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">993</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhaimin Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Syamsurizal Syamsurizal&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Harizon Harizon&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tiana Milanda&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Imam Adi Wicaksono&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutic and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafik Monir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asmaa S Abd Elkarim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Fouad Shalaby</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alsayed Ahmed Zaki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Samah Shabana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Hypertensive Activity of Punica granatum peels Ethyl Acetate Extract on Fludrocortisones Induced Hypertension in Wistar Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Punica granatum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ursolic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1135-1142</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Pomegranate (&lt;em&gt;Punica granatum &lt;/em&gt;Linn.) has several medicinal properties. Pomegranate juice has been reported to be an effective source of high amounts of phyto-constituents with many health and nutritional benefits. This work assessed the possible effect on blood pressure (B.P) and heart rate of &lt;em&gt;P. granatum&lt;/em&gt; peel ethyl acetate extract (PGE) at a dosage of 400 mg / kg / day on hypertension-induced fludrocortisone Wistar rats. PGE therapy substantially lowered the B.P of hypertensive rats treated with salt fludrocortisones, but the mean blood pressure and heart rate in normotensive rats were not altered. In isolated aortic strip, the contractile reactions to noradrenalin of PGE-treated hypertensive rats have been substantially reduced. The active fraction was purified by successive chromatographic techniques resulted in isolation of quercetin and ursolic acid, this bioactive mixture induced a significant decrease in the blood pressure of hypertensive rats as compared to hypertensive control rats at a concentration of 10 mg/kg.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1135</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rafik Monir&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Asmaa S. Abd Elkarim&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mohamed Fouad Shalaby&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Alsayed Ahmed Zaki&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Samah Shabana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, MUST, 6th October City, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Tanning Materials and Leather Technology Department, National Research Centre, 33 El Bohouth st. (former EL Tahrir st.)-Dokki-Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee medical college for science and technology, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA. 4Faculty of Medicine Al-Azhar University, Nasr city, Cairo, EGYPT&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aprilita Rina Yanti Eff</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hermanus Ehe Hurit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Teguh Rahayu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Unggul Januarko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putu Gita Maya WM</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Indonesian Traditional Medicine</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACE inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jamu</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1623-1629</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Indonesian people have long used herbal medicine (jamu) to overcome various diseases, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are two diseases that are directly related and require proper and thorough management. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study investigated the antihypertensive, antidiabetic, and cytotoxic activities ethanol extracts of Indonesian traditional medicine (jamu). Material and Methods: Jamu was extracted by maceration using ethanol. Antihypertensive and antidiabetic activity investigated by measurement of ACE inhibitor, an alpha-glucosidase inhibitor, and antioxidant activity at a concentration ranging from 125-1000 μg/mL, respectively, by in vitro method. Cytotoxic evaluation of the extract was carried out using Brine Shrimp Lethality Test (BSLT). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; measurements of ACE inhibitors, alpha-glucosidase inhibitor and antioxidant activity showed that herbal extracts had ACE inhibitors, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 292.15 μg/mL, 36.13 μg/mL, and 24.43 μg/mL respectively. Ethanol extract of herbal medicine (jamu) exerts a cytotoxic effect on larvae of shrimp &lt;em&gt;Artemia salina&lt;/em&gt; with an IC50 value of 215.04 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Jamu extract has antihypertensive and antidiabetic activity in vitro and cytotoxic effects.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1623</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aprilita Rina Yanti Eff&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hermanus Ehe Hurit&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Teguh Rahayu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Unggul Januarko&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Putu Gita Maya WM&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Health Science, Esa Unggul University, Jakarta, 1150, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Management Faculty Economics and Bussiness, Esa Unggul&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azlini Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erlena Nor Asmira Abdul Rahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Nor Omar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive Assay-Guided Fractionation of Syzygium polyanthum Leaves and Phenolics Profile Analysis Using LCQTOF/ MS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioassay-guided</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LCMS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzygium polyanthum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenol content (TPC)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1670-1692</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Syzygium polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract that contains gallic acid as the major phenolic compound has shown significant antihypertensive effect, however the amount of gallic acid was inversely-related with magnitude of this effect. This study aimed to conduct bioassay-guided fractionation of &lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves with gallic acid as a reference compound, and to screen for other possible compounds responsible for the antihypertensive effect. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum &lt;/em&gt;leaves were extracted using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, methanol, and water. The most active crude extract was fractionated using column chromatography and analyzed for total phenolic content (TPC) (n=3). Crude extracts and the derived fractions were intravenously administered into pentobarbital-anaesthetized Spontaneously Hypertensive rats (n=5) for recording of blood pressure parameters. Liquid Chromatography-Quadruple Time-Off-Flight/Mass Spectrometry was used for determination of chemical composition. One-way and two-way ANOVA were used for statistical analysis using GraphPad® PRISM Version 6. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Fractionation of aqueous &lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract (ASP) afforded nine fractions, later combined into three fractions (F1ASP, F2ASP, and F3ASP) based on the thinlayer chromatography profiles. ASP has the highest TPC while F2ASP has the lowest TPC. All fractions exhibited significant antihypertensive property, but F2ASP was the most active fraction. Few phenolics with related antihypertensive effects such as 1-galloyl glucose (a gallic acid-derivative majorly found in F2ASP and F3ASP), and other compounds such as polydatin, sesamol, brazilin, eugenol, ellagic acid, kukoamine A, and cyclocurcumin were found across all active fractions. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These phenolics may partly contribute to the antihypertensive effect of &lt;em&gt;S. polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; leaves, thus further isolation study is recommended.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">167</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Azlini Ismail&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Erlena Nor Asmira Abdul Rahim&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Nor Omar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kuliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Kuliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurul Qurrota Ayun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kusmardi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurhuda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammation of Soursop Leaves (Annona muricata L.) Against Hemorrhoids in Mice Induced by Croton Oil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona muricata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COX-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Croton oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemorrhoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TNFα</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">784-792</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hemorrhoids are rectoanal venous plexus swelling that causes inflammation, pain, and bleeding. Plants with phenolic compounds are known to improve venous tone and anti-inflammation. Soursop leaves (&lt;em&gt;Annona muricata&lt;/em&gt; L.) known contain phenolic compounds and have been used to cure inflammation. However, studies on anti-inflammatory soursop leaves for hemorrhoids are still limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to analyze the effect of Soursop Leaves Ethanol Extract (SLEE) on the histopathological features and expression of COX-2 and TNFα in rectoanal tissue. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Swiss mice 20 weeks induced 3 times with 6% croton oil through the anus. SLEE doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg and aspirin as a positive control were given orally for 7 days. Histopathological examination of the rectoanal tissue of mice was assessed by counting cell necrosis, inflammation, vasodilation, and edema using hematoxylin-eosin. Positive cells expressing COX-2 and TNFα were counted on inflammatory epithelial cells using immunohistochemistry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Administration of SLEE at all doses showed different levels of inflammation, necrosis, vasodilatation and edema in histopathology of rectoanal tissue &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.00. All three doses of SLEE show significant anti-inflammatory effects on hemorrhoidal tissue. SLEE doses of 200, 400 mg/Kg significantly decreased COX-2&lt;em&gt; P &lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05 compared to negative controls, and SLEE doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/Kg significantly decreased TNFα &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.05 compared to negative controls. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;SLEE can reduce inflammation and has the potential to be developed as a natural remedy for hemorrhoids.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">784</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nurul Qurrota Ayun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kusmardi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurhuda&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Programme of Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orapan Ayameang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruchilak Rattarom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catheleeya Mekjaruskul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanida Caichompoo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory Activity and Quantitative Analysis of Major Compounds of the Mixtures of Derris scandens (DZSS) Formula</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Compound D</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Derris scandens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">genistein</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric Oxide (NO)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">828-834</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The mixtures of &lt;em&gt;Derris scandens &lt;/em&gt;(DZSS) formula is a Thai traditional medicine, which consists of 4 medicinal plants, including &lt;em&gt;Derris scandens &lt;/em&gt;(Roxb.) Benth. (D) &lt;em&gt;Zingiber cassumunar&lt;/em&gt; Roxb. (Z), &lt;em&gt;Suregada multiflora &lt;/em&gt;Baill. (S) and &lt;em&gt;Siphonodon celastrineus&lt;/em&gt; (S). The DZSS formula has been used in an oral dosage form for the treatment of muscle pain. However, the phytochemical profiles and the pharmacological activities of the combined DZSS formula have not been clearly investigated. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profiles and the anti-inflammatory activity of the DZSS formula. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The ethanolic extracts of the formula (50% and 95% ethanolic extracts) were prepared by using soxhlet extraction and which were analyzed by using HPLC. The anti-inflammatory activity of the DZSS formula was tested for its inhibitory effect against nitric oxide (NO) production in Raw 264.7 cells macrophage.The cytotoxic effect of the formula was determined by using the MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The 95% ethanolic extract of the DZSS formula exhibited a pronounced anti-inflammatory activity with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 40.08 ± 2.78 μg/mL. The 95% ethanolic extract possessed a more potent anti-inflammatory activity than that of the 50% ethanolic extract and with no cytotoxicity. HPLC analysis indicated that the 95% ethanolic extract also had a higher yield of genistein and compound D, which are obtained the amount of 0.71 ± 0.00 and 18.89 ± 0.24 mg/g extract, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our data suggest that the 95% ethanolic extract of the DZSS formula possessed a significant anti-inflammatory activity but which is still required to investigate about biological activity &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;and clinical study.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">828</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Orapan Ayameang&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ruchilak Rattarom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Catheleeya Mekjaruskul&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanida Caichompoo&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master degree student, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham Province 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham Province 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheik Shehensha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M Vijaya Jyothi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Nigella sativa oil Mediated Silver Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti- Inflammatory effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigella sativa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rananculaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SEM analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silver nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1086-1092</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to employ &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; oil in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of the&lt;em&gt; Nigella sativa &lt;/em&gt;oil mediated silver nanoparticles. &lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The introduction of Nanoparticles (NPs) has transFigured many fields like medicine, nutrition and electronics. The usage of nanotechnology in medicine particularly for drug delivery is revealed to have numerous benefits. Nanoparticles are being used to decrease toxicity and side effects that drugs may impose to the patient. &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; is considered as a miracle seed. It has been reported to have anti-inflammatory, diuretic, and antihypertensive activity. Plant mediated biological synthesis of nanoparticles is simple and eco-friendly method. This work therefore was aimed to synthesize &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; oil mediated silver nanoparticles and evaluate its anti-inflammatory activity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; oil mediated silver nanoparticles were synthesised by short term (1 day) interaction of &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; seed extract (1 ml) with 2mM AgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; solution and centrifuged to obtain silver nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were characterised by UV-Visible spectrophotometer, FTIR and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). Further the oil mediated AgNPs were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; in vivo &lt;/em&gt;methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; oil mediated AgNPs were biofabricated with ease and exhibited good anti-inflammatory activity compared to standard. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study concludes that &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; seed oil mediated silver nanoparticles have the potential to be used as an effective antioxidant. Hence, it may be used in many medicinal applications to treat inflammation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1086</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sheik Shehensha&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, M.Vijaya Jyothi&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Anantapur, Anantapuramu. Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Department of Pharm. Chemistry, Raghavendra Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Anantapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Twinkle Francis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Rajeshkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anita Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T Lakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory and Cytotoxic Effect of Arrow Root Mediated Selenium Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brine shrimp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green synthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Selenium nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1363-1367</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Nanoparticles serve to reduce toxicity, enhance bioactivity and improve targeting. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are explored because of it’s unique characteristics and various known therapeutic benefits such as antioxidants activities and reducing risk of cancer. In this study, arrow root which is a starch obtained from tapioca or cassava is mediated with SeNPs and studied for it’s anti-inflammatory and cytotoxic effect. The plant extract of arrow root was prepared and mixed with the sodium selenite solution. The solution is kept in a magnetic stirrer while being observed for any colour change. The synthesis of nanoparticles is observed using UV-vis spectrophotometry. Then the anti-inflammatory activity is observed using albumin denaturation assay and cytotoxic analysis conducted on brine shrimp nauplii. The results showed that there was a lower toxicity rate of SeNPs and significant anti-inflammatory activity which concludes that these nanoparticles can be used in various drug designing aspects in future.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1363</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Twinkle Francis, S Rajeshkumar*, Anita Roy, T Lakshmi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Nanobiomedicine Lab, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, SIMATS, Chennai – 600077, TN, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agriana Rosmalina Hidayati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aty Widyawaruyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilkatul Ilmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mulyadi Tanjung</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tri Widiandani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siswandono</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Din Syafruddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achmad Fuad Hafid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial Activity of Flavonoid Compound Isolated from Leaves of Artocarpus altilis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Artocarpus altilis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cysteine protease inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dihydrochalcones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. falciparum 3D7</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">835-842</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Artocarpus altilis&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract has previously been reported as a potential antimalarial drug. Inhibition concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) against &lt;em&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/em&gt; and effective dose values (ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) against P. berghei have been reported at 1.32 μg/ml and 0.82 mg/kg, respectively. The aim of this study is to identify the active compound from the ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;A. Altilis&lt;/em&gt; leaves against &lt;em&gt;P. falciparum.&lt;/em&gt; Materials and Methods: The isolation of the active compound from the ethanol extract of&lt;em&gt; A. altilis &lt;/em&gt;were conducted using chromatography methods, and the chemical structure of the isolated compounds was determined based on NMR and MS spectra data. Antimalarial assay was determined using microscopic method against &lt;em&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/em&gt; 3D7 and molecular docking studies was performed using Molegro Virtual Docker version 5.5 program. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A flavonoid compound, class of dihydrochalcone was finally isolated from &lt;em&gt;A. altilis &lt;/em&gt;and identified as&lt;em&gt; 1-(2,4-dihydroxy phenyl)-3-[8-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-(4-methyl-3- pentenyl)-2H-1-benzopyran-5-yl]-1-propanone&lt;/em&gt; (Compound-1). Antimalarial activity test revealed that the compound strongly inhibited &lt;em&gt;P. falciparum&lt;/em&gt; growth, with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 1.05 μM. An in silico study to determine the mechanism of action of the compound revealed the existence a 3.BPF receptor that possesses a cysteine protease inhibitor of falcipain-2. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Compound-1 were isolated from the leaves of &lt;em&gt;A. Altilis&lt;/em&gt; is a good candidate of new source in the development of antimalarial drugs. An animal study using this compound is recommended before a clinical trial.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">835</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Agriana Rosmalina Hidayati&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aty Widyawaruyanti&lt;sup&gt;3,4,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hilkatul Ilmi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mulyadi Tanjung&lt;sup&gt;4,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Tri Widiandani&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Siswandono&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Din Syafruddin&lt;sup&gt;7,8&lt;/sup&gt;, Achmad Fuad Hafid&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Post Graduate Student of Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Mataram, Mataram 83125, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60826, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmaceutical Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar 90245, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abel Narcisse Messi Betene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick Valere Tsouh Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jean Hubert Donfack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marius Jaurès Tsakem Nangap</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albertine Ngako</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto Fokou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariscal Brice Tchatat Tali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Florence Ngueguim Tsofack</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Théophile Dimo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabrice Fekam Boyom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial Effects of the Aqueous Extract of Entandrophragma angolense Bark on Plasmodium berghei Infection in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">E. angolense</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria infection</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. berghei</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687-698</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Research for new antimalarial drugs remains a permanent quest for the control of malaria. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study investigates the effects of the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Entandrophragma angolense&lt;/em&gt; bark on&lt;em&gt; P. berghei-&lt;/em&gt;induced malaria in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Eight weeks old mice, were intraperitoneally infested with 200 μl of blood, containing 1x10&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. berghei&lt;/em&gt;-infected-erythrocytes. Parasitaemia was determined using a 10% giemsa stained blood smear read under optical microscope (x100). The infected animals were randomized into 5 groups of 10 animals each and daily treated for 5 days with the plant extract at 125, 250 and 500 mg/kg. The normal control and malaria control received water while the chloroquine control was treated with 10 mg/kg of chloroquine. Body weight, parasitaemia and survival time were monitored daily during treatment and follow up periods. Five animals from each group were sacrificed under anaesthesia at the end of treatment (d8) and after the follow up period (d28). Venous blood was used for haematological and biochemical tests. Organs (liver, kidneys and spleen) were also collected for biochemical and histological analyses. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Administration of the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;E. angolense &lt;/em&gt;bark to infected mice significantly inhibited parasite development (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.001) with ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; estimated at 25.32 mg/kg. The extract prevented animal from death, body weight loss, anaemia, leucocytosis, high transaminases (ALT and AST), high bilirubin, creatinine and MDA levels, oxidative stress and anatomical alteration in organs as compared to the malaria control.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;E. angolense &lt;/em&gt;bark possesses antimalarial properties, supporting its use in traditional medicine to treat malaria.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">687</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raceline Gounoue Kamkumo&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abel Narcisse Messi Betene&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patrick Valère Tsouh Fokou&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jean Hubert Donfack&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marius Jaurès Tsakem Nangap&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Albertine Ngako&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Roberto Fokou&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mariscal Brice Tchatat Tali&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Florence Ngueguim Tsofack&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Théophile Dimo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fabrice Fekam Boyom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaoundé, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Bamenda, P.O. Box 39, Bamenda, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, CAMEROON.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Víctor Eduardo Villarreal-La Torre</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">William Sagástegui Guarniz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carmen Silva-Correa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lizardo Cruzado- Razco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raúl Siche</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Activity and Chemical Composition of Momordica Charantia: A Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charantin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucurbitaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucurbitane</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213-222</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Momordica charantia&lt;/em&gt; L. (bitter melon) is a plant belonging to the Cucurbitaceae family and is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical areas around the world, mainly in Asia, India, China and Brazil, where it is traditionally used as a medicinal plant, and the fruits of some varieties of &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt; are consumed as food. Studies have determined that this plant contains a great diversity of bioactive compounds with therapeutic potential like charantin, α-momorcharin and MAP30, and highlighting its properties as antidiabetic, antiulcer, antioxidant, antimicrobial, anthelmintic, antihyperglycemic and anticancer. Review shows the complete botanical description of the plant (fruits, leaves, stem, etc.), the bioactive chemical compounds reported in the plant species, the antimicrobial activity of the extracts or fractions of &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt;, emphasizing the antibacterial and antifungal activities, with respective values of MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) reported according to the methodology used in each study. The review seeks to update the phytochemical and pharmacological knowledge of &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt;, which would be useful for researchers in their search for new chemical compounds of the plant, studies of its safety and efficacy, as well as the evaluation of its possible synergistic action in combination with other antimicrobials, in order to find new therapeutic alternatives against bacterial resistance.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Víctor Eduardo Villarreal-La Torre&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, William Sagástegui Guarniz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Carmen Silva-Correa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lizardo Cruzado-Razco&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raúl Siche&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Nacional de Trujillo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Shanthi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R. Radha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-microbial and Phytochemical Studies of Mussaenda frondosa Linn. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mussaenda</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">630-635</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mussaenda frondosa&lt;/em&gt; L (Rubiaceae) has been traditionally used in the treatment of White leprosy, eye troubles, skin infections, tuberculosis, jaundice, ulcers, wounds, cough and Bronchitis. The current study investigated antimicrobial effects of &lt;em&gt;Mussaenda frondosa &lt;/em&gt;L against bacteria and fungus. In addition, Phytochemical profiling of the methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Mussaenda frondosa&lt;/em&gt; was done using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC). The antimicrobial activity of Methanol (MEMF), Ethyl acetate (EEMF), Chloroform (CEMF) and Hexane (HEMF) extracts of &lt;em&gt;Mussaenda frondosa&lt;/em&gt; leaves were tested against nine bacterial and four fungal strains. The Methanol extract showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activity than hexane, Chloroform, Ethyl acetate extracts which could be attributed to the presence of phenols, flavonoids and the other bioactive compounds identified through phytochemical screening. The findings in the present study offer a scientific support to the ethno medicinal use of the plant by the traditional healers.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">630</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S.Shanthi&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, R.Radha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and research, porur, chennai-600 116, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Madras Medical College, Chennai- 600 003,Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malatee Tayeh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poonsit Hiransai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hathaichanok Kommen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramida Watanapokasin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-migration and Anti-invasion Abilities of Methanolic Leaves Extract of Clerodendrum Inerme on Lung Cancer Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-invasion</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-migration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clerodendrum inerme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Human lung adenocarcinoma</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1024-1031</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Clerodendrum inerme &lt;/em&gt;is a folk medicinal plant used in the treatment of various illnesses such as a cough, scrofulous infection, venereal infection, skin diseases and tumors. It exhibited many pharmacological effects including hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, anti-oxidant and anticancer properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of methanolic extract of&lt;em&gt; C. inerme&lt;/em&gt; leaves on migration, invasion and adhesion activities on human lung adenocarcinoma. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Cytotoxicity, cell motility, migration, invasion and adhesion abilities were detected by MTT, wound healing, trans-well mobilization, modified Boyden chamber and cell adhesion assay, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results demonstrated that up to 400 μg/mL methanolic leaves extract has low toxicity on A549 cells showing more than 50% cell viability. At non-cytotoxic and sub-toxic doses (200 and 400 μg/mL) of methanolic leave extract significantly suppressed cell motility, migration, invasion and cell adhesion compared with the untreated control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results suggested that methanolic leaves extract of &lt;em&gt;C. inerme &lt;/em&gt;inhibited migration, invasion and adhesion of A549 cells. These findings showed new therapeutic potential for &lt;em&gt;C. inerme&lt;/em&gt; in anti-metastatic therapy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1024</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Malatee Tayeh&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Poonsit Hiransai&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hathaichanok Kommen&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramida Watanapokasin&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Srinkharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rini Prastiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yesi Desmiaty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antioxidant Activity of Sterculia stipulata Korth Woods and Leaves by FRAP Method</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sterculia stipulata Korth</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236-239</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Phenol compounds and flavonoids are known have antioxidant activity. &lt;em&gt;Sterculia &lt;/em&gt;genus has secondary metabolite rich of phenols and flavonoids. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study of the activity antioxidants of &lt;em&gt;Sterculia stipulata&lt;/em&gt; Korth. Woods and leaves by FRAP method. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction done using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. The methanol extract was determined antioxidant activity using the FRAP method and also determined the total phenols content, total flavonoids, and phytochemical screening. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activity of wood extract was 4.74 ± 1.03 FeEAC (mol/g) while leaves extract 41.17 ± 1.99 FeEAC (mol/g). Total phenols content for wood extract 16.46 ± 3.51 mg GAE/g, for leaves extract 141.62 ± 10.54 mg GAE/g. The total flavonoids content for woods extract was 27.99 ± 0.62 mg QE/g for leaf extract 41.45 ± 5.83 mg QE/g. The compounds of woods and leaves are the same; it is consist of terpenoids, alkaloids, phenols, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, and negatives for anthraquinone. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The antioxidant activity of the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Sterculia stipulata&lt;/em&gt; Korth. is greater than its wood activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rini Prastiwi&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Yesi Desmiaty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rani Sauriasari&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Science Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka University, 1340 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Science, Serpong (LIPI Indonesia), INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila, Jakarta, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Indonesia University, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bianca Priscilia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Media Fitri Isma Nugraha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hessy Novita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antibacterial Assay Against Fish Pathogen Bacteria of Kjellbergiodendron celebicum (Koord.) Merr. Leaf Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aeromonas hydrophila</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwardsiella ictaluri</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavobacterium columnare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maceration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical compound</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">173-179</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum&lt;/em&gt; (Koord.) Merr. (local name: tombe uwa) is a plant endemic to Sulawesi, Indonesia, and grows around lakes or aquatic environments where fish live. Based on phytochemical screening in previous studies, i.e. methanol extract and ethyl acetate fraction from the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum&lt;/em&gt; (Koord.) Merr., the methanol extract gives positive results containing polyphenol compounds in the flavonoid group which have been known to have strong antioxidant and antibacterial properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To test the effectiveness of the comparison of the natural content in the compounds (antibacterial and antioxidant properties) and the total content of phenol in &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum &lt;/em&gt;(Koord.) Merr., which was extracted using two methods, i.e. maceration and Ultrasonic- Assisted Extraction (UAE), in fish-disease bacteria. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves were separated to be extracted with two different methods: maceration and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE). Extracts were first screened qualitatively for antioxidant activity and then quantified with respect to &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;antioxidant activity using the 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay and the ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Antibacterial activity was determined by the paper disc diffusion method and microdilution.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;70% Ethanol in leaves extract of &lt;em&gt;Kjellbergiodendron celebicum&lt;/em&gt; (Koord.) Merr. The extract which has the highest activity based on the DPPH test and FRAP test is the extract from UAE extraction with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 9.81512 μg/mL and ferrous equivalent antioxidant capacity (FeEAC) value of 1.661.3 μmol/gr. UAE method also has a higher potential in antibacterial activity based on the diffusion method of paper discs and microdilution with the MIC obtained as much as 390.6 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; the UAE extraction method is better at scanning polyphenol compounds compared to the conventional maceration extraction method. Therefore, the results of the antioxidant and antibacterial activity using the UAE method are better than the maceration method.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">173</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bianca Priscilia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Media Fitri Isma Nugraha&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Hessy Novita&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Indonesian Research Institute for Ornamental Fish Culture – the Ministry Marine and Fisheries, Jl. Perikanan No 13 Pancoran Mas Depok 16438 PO BOX 06 West Java INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Installation Pathology and Fish Disease – Ministry Marine and Fisheries. Jl Perikanan No 13 A Pancoran Mas Depok West Java INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Almurdani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adel Zamri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titania T Nugroho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jasril Karim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yum Eryanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rudi Hendra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hilwan Yuda Teruna</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Activities of Mempening (Lithocarpus bancanus) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lithocarpus bancanus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Talang Mamak Tribe</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">328-334</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Lithocarpus bancanus &lt;/em&gt;or commonly called as mempening in Talang Mamak Tribe, Indonesia is a plant that is used as a traditional medicine.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aim to evaluated antioxidant and antidiabetic activities of &lt;em&gt;L. bancanus&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract was obtained by maceration of the leaves. The n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions were prepared by successive partition process of the methanol extract. Antioxidant activities were evaluated by various antioxidant assays, including DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl), FRAP (ferric reducing antioxidant power), CUPRAC (&lt;em&gt;cupric reducing antioxidant capacity&lt;/em&gt;), and ABTS (&lt;em&gt;2,2’-azonobis 3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid&lt;/em&gt;) method. Total phenolics were estimated based on the Folin–Ciocalteu method, while, aluminum chloride methods were employed to estimate total flavonoids. Antidiabetic activies was determined by inhibiting the activity of α-glucosidase method. Results: antioxidant activity assay against DPPH radical as well as the total phenolic and flavonoid content of &lt;em&gt;L. bancanus&lt;/em&gt; leaves showed that the methanol extract possessed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 39.469 ± 0.273 μg/mL with total phenol and flavonoid were 11.426 ± 0.432 mg GAE/g dry weight sample and 15.423 ± 0.213 mg QE/g respectively. The FRAP, CUPRAC and ABTS values of methanol extract were 3494.302 ±0.456, 26665.501 ± 5.940 and 2857.977 ± 0.715 μM TE/g dry weight sample respectively. Antidiabetic activity of methanol extract with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 30.565 ± 0.331 μg/mL. Conclusion: It could be concluded that leaves of &lt;em&gt;L. bancanus&lt;/em&gt; have antioxidant and antidiabetic properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">328</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Almurdani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adel Zamri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Titania T. Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jasril Karim&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yum Eryanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rudi Hendra&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hilwan Yuda Teruna&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru 28293, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Balasubramaniam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maithili Varadarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Strobilanthes kunthianus against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon tetrachloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Strobilanthes kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; Nees T Anders (Neela kurinji) is a shrub in the grasslands of Nilgiris, Western Ghats in India. It is well known for many biological properties including antioxidant. However, there is no &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities has been carried out previously on&lt;em&gt; S. kunthianus. &lt;/em&gt;Objectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of methanolic flower extract of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; (MFESK) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The Wistar rats were divided into six groups comprising six animals to each. Group I was served as normal control and group II as CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; treated. Both these groups were received sodium CMC (0.3%, 5 ml/kg). Groups III, IV and V animals were treated with MFESK at different dose levels (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg). Group VI was treated with standard silymarin (100 mg/kg). All these treatments were given orally for eight consecutive days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day of treatment, except the normal group I, all the other group of animals from III to VI were received CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in liquid paraffin (1:1, 1 ml/kg, i.p., single dose) after 1 h of the vehicle. On the 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, the animals were anesthetized and blood was collected from the abdominal artery, then the serum was separated and used for the biochemical estimations. Serum marker enzymes such as ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, CR, TP, TC, TB and albumin were measured using Ecoline kits by using autoanalyzer. Further, blood serum and the supernatant solution of homogenized liver and kidney were used for the estimation of antioxidant parameters such as CAT, SOD and TBARS by spectrophotometrically. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The administration of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; caused a significant increase (P&amp;lt;0.001) in the levels of ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, TC, TB and TBARS and decrease in the levels of CR, TP, Albumin, CAT and SOD in serum. A significant (P&amp;lt;0.001 and P&amp;lt;0.01) restoration of these values towards the normal level was observed in all the three tested doses of MFESK. Similar results were observed for CAT, SOD and TBARS in both liver and kidney tissues. These results designated the strong antioxidant and hepatoprotective nature of MFESK. The histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues also confirmed the observed activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings afford incitement for the development of a novel hepatoprotective herbal drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geetha Balasubramaniam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maithili Varadarajan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Rocklands, Udhagamandalam – 643001, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh – 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Padmavathi College of Pharmacy, Dharamapuri – 635205, Tamilnadu, INDIA. 5Chaitanya Vikas Yoga &amp;amp; Nature Cure Centre, Rajatgiri, Dharwad – 580004, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Geetha Balasubramaniam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahendran Sekar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maithili Varadarajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shrishailappa Badami</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hepatoprotective Activities of Strobilanthes kunthianus against Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon tetrachloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver disease</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strobilanthes kunthianus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Strobilanthes kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; Nees T Anders (Neela kurinji) is a shrub in the grasslands of Nilgiris, Western Ghats in India. It is well known for many biological properties including antioxidant. However, there is no &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities has been carried out previously on&lt;em&gt; S. kunthianus. &lt;/em&gt;Objectives: The present study was aimed to evaluate the antioxidant and hepatoprotective activities of methanolic flower extract of &lt;em&gt;S. kunthianus&lt;/em&gt; (MFESK) against carbon tetrachloride (CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)-induced hepatotoxicity in experimental rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The Wistar rats were divided into six groups comprising six animals to each. Group I was served as normal control and group II as CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; treated. Both these groups were received sodium CMC (0.3%, 5 ml/kg). Groups III, IV and V animals were treated with MFESK at different dose levels (100, 150 and 200 mg/kg). Group VI was treated with standard silymarin (100 mg/kg). All these treatments were given orally for eight consecutive days. On the 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day of treatment, except the normal group I, all the other group of animals from III to VI were received CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; in liquid paraffin (1:1, 1 ml/kg, i.p., single dose) after 1 h of the vehicle. On the 9&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day, the animals were anesthetized and blood was collected from the abdominal artery, then the serum was separated and used for the biochemical estimations. Serum marker enzymes such as ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, CR, TP, TC, TB and albumin were measured using Ecoline kits by using autoanalyzer. Further, blood serum and the supernatant solution of homogenized liver and kidney were used for the estimation of antioxidant parameters such as CAT, SOD and TBARS by spectrophotometrically. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The administration of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; caused a significant increase (P&amp;lt;0.001) in the levels of ASAT, ALAT, ALP, TGL, TC, TB and TBARS and decrease in the levels of CR, TP, Albumin, CAT and SOD in serum. A significant (P&amp;lt;0.001 and P&amp;lt;0.01) restoration of these values towards the normal level was observed in all the three tested doses of MFESK. Similar results were observed for CAT, SOD and TBARS in both liver and kidney tissues. These results designated the strong antioxidant and hepatoprotective nature of MFESK. The histopathological investigation of liver and kidney tissues also confirmed the observed activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings afford incitement for the development of a novel hepatoprotective herbal drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Geetha Balasubramaniam&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Mahendran Sekar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Maithili Varadarajan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Shrishailappa Badami&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Swamy Vivekanandha College of Pharmacy, Elayampalayam, Tiruchengode – 637205, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Rocklands, Udhagamandalam – 643001, Nilgiris, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh – 30450, Perak, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Padmavathi College of Pharmacy, Dharamapuri – 635205, Tamilnadu, INDIA. 5Chaitanya Vikas Yoga &amp;amp; Nature Cure Centre, Rajatgiri, Dharwad – 580004, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ronald Silva-Rivas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natalia Bailon-Moscoso</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Cartuche</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Properties and Phytochemical Profile of Clusia latipes Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type 2 diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase inhibitory activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">144-149</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The prevalence of diabetes has increased more rapidly in low and middleincome countries than in high-income countries. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), which is the most common form of diabetes, is caused by the inefficient use of insulin in the body and is characterized by disrupted insulin action or secretion. Also, oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of disease. The goal of this study is to identify the antioxidant and hypoglycemic properties of &lt;em&gt;Clusia latipes,&lt;/em&gt; an endemic species of Central and South America. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The antioxidant and hypoglycemic capacity of the extracts (hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol) of the leaves and stems of &lt;em&gt;Clusia latipes&lt;/em&gt; were evaluated. From the most potent extract, the phytochemical study was carried out and fractionated. Antioxidant activity was measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS), while hypoglycemic capacity was measured by alpha-glucosidase inhibition. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts with the highest antioxidant capacity are the extracts with the highest α-glucosidase inhibition activity. Inhibitory activity increased in samples extracted with medium polar (ethyl acetate) and polar (methanol) solvents. Phytochemical screening of these extracts revealed the presence of alkaloids, carbohydrates, flavonoids/xanthones, quinones, saponins, and tannins. The highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity was detected in the ethyl acetate fraction obtained from leaf methanol extract, with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) value of 0.90 μg/ml. The major constituent isolated from the same fraction was isoquercitrin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">144</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ronald Silva-Rivas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Natalia Bailon-Moscoso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Luis Cartuche&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Juan Carlos Romero-Benavides&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Química y Ciencias Exactas, Sección de Química Básica y Aplicada, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, ECUADOR.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Sección de Genética Humana, Microbiología y Bioquímica Clínica, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja, ECUADOR.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Howaida Ibrahim Abd-Alla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Magda Tohamy Ibrahim</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanan Anwar Aly Taie</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marwa Abas Hasan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagwa M M Shalaby</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and the Efficacy of Sophora secundiflora and Methoxyisoflavones in the Immune Function of Pigeons Vaccinated against Paramyxovirus Serotype-1</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiradical effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Immune</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isoflavones</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paramyxovirus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pigeons</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sophora secundiflora</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1276-1288</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present work investigated the effect of oral administration of hydroalcoholic (70% aqueous ethanol) extract (TeE) of &lt;em&gt;Sophora secundiflora&lt;/em&gt; leaves and its organic fractions n-hexane (HeE), ethyl acetate (EaE) and n-butanol (BuE) and major isolated methoxyisoflavones &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt; and&lt;strong&gt; 2,&lt;/strong&gt; on the cellular and humoral immune responses to live attenuated avian paramyxovirus-1 (APMV-1) vaccines in pigeons. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The structures of six isolated compounds were elucidated on the basis of chromatographic, chemical, and spectroscopic methods. The samples antioxidative and radical scavenging capabilities of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation and ferric reducing power were determined. Total phenolic, tannin and flavonoid contents of EaE extract were evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Six compounds were isolated. Three were the methoxyisoflavones5- 7-dihydroxy-4′-methoxyisoflavone &lt;strong&gt;(1),&lt;/strong&gt; 7-hydroxy-4′methoxyisoflavone&lt;strong&gt; (2),&lt;/strong&gt; 5,4'-dihydroxy-7- methoxy-isoflavone&lt;strong&gt; (3),&lt;/strong&gt; along with isorhamnetin &lt;strong&gt;(4)&lt;/strong&gt; and two quercetin derivatives quercetin 3-glucoside &lt;strong&gt;(5) &lt;/strong&gt;and quercetin 3-rutinoside &lt;strong&gt;(6) &lt;/strong&gt;were isolated. The hydroalcoholic extract, fractions and 4'-methoxyisoflavones showed radical scavenging effect in the order of EaE &amp;gt; TeE &amp;gt; BuE &amp;gt;compound&lt;strong&gt; 1&amp;gt;&lt;/strong&gt;compound&lt;strong&gt; 2&amp;gt;&lt;/strong&gt; HeE. Stimulation of both sero-responses was observed, especially this of EaE. The results showed an increase of macrophage cells, lymphocyte and antibody titers in blood. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of 5-hydroxyl group at A-ring may be important to show the immunostimulant and antioxidant activity of compound &lt;strong&gt;1&lt;/strong&gt;vs compound &lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;. The present results showed the potential abilities of EaE as antioxidant and immunomodulator agent and these would impart healthy economic benefits in vaccinated birds.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1276</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Howaida Ibrahim Abd-Alla&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Magda Tohamy Ibrahim&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hanan Anwar Aly Taie&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Marwa Abas Hasan&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nagwa M. M. Shalaby&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry of Natural Compounds, National Research Centre, El-Bohouth Street, National Research Centre, Giza-Dokki 12622, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Kantara Branch, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Plant Biochemistry Department, National Research Centre, Giza-Dokki 12622, EGYPT. 4Bab El-Shaariya University Hospital, Cairo, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moragot Chatatikun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitaksit Supjaroen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patcharaporn Promlat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chantanapa Chantarangkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sutida Waranuntakul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jiraphat Nawarat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitbanjong Tangpong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitbanjong Tangpong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitory Properties of an Aqueous Extract of Garcinia atroviridis Griff. ex. T. Anderson Fruit Pericarps</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">B16F10 cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia atroviridis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melanin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tyrosinase activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-MSH</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-78</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is the major cause for hyperpigmentation, and to prevent this natural products are increasingly being explored as potential skin whitening agents. The aim of this study was to determine the total phenolic and flavonoid content, free radical scavenging activity, anti-tyrosinase activity and the inhibition of melanin content in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 melanoma cells of an aqueous extract of&lt;em&gt; Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; Griff. ex. T. Anderson fruit pericarps. Methods: The aqueous extract was prepared by extraction with distilled water at 105oC for 60 min. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods, respectively. Scavenging activity was assessed using 2,2-Diphennyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS). Tyrosinase activity and melanin content were determined spectrophotometrically.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; fruit pericarps had a phenolic (26.33 ± 0.77 mg GAE/g plant extract) and flavonoid content (9.31 ± 0.40 mg QE/g plant extract). The aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; significantly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 40.72 ± 1.83 μg/mL) and cellular tyrosinase activity (at a concentration of 125 μg/mL) in α-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced B16F10 melanoma cells. The &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis &lt;/em&gt;extract also suppressed melanin content at concentrations of 31.25-125 μg/mL. Correlations of mushroom tyrosinase inhibition with DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities were 0.8673 and 0.9468, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Our findings show that an aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; fruit pericarps is a source of natural compounds and antioxidant capacity which can inhibit tyrosinase activity and melanin content. Thus, aqueous extracts of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia atroviridis&lt;/em&gt; may be a potential source of skin whitening agents for hyperpigmentation.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Moragot Chatatikun&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Pitaksit Supjaroen&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Patcharaporn Promlat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chantanapa Chantarangkul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sutida Waranuntakul&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jiraphat Nawarat&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Jitbanjong Tangpong&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Anchalee Chiabchalard&lt;sup&gt;5,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Product, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Excellence Research for Meliodosis (CERM), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Physical Therapy, School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80161, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Suman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SV Suresh Kumar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiurolithiatic Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Piper cubeba Dried Fruits: An in-vitro and in-vivo Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">calcium oxalate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethylene glycol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1289-1296</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Piper cubeba &lt;/em&gt;is a well-known traditional plant used in unani medicine belonging to the Piperaceae family and has been examined for the treatment of urolithiasis produced by calcium oxalate.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Piper cubeba &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;EEPC&lt;/em&gt;) dried fruits was subjected to phytochemical analysis and HPTLC fingerprinting. An in vitro antiurolithiatic analysis took place through conductometric titrations of CaCl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; with Na&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;C&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;. Acute toxicity studies conducted as per OECD guidelines. Urolithiasis was established in rats by supplementing 28 days with 0.75% ethylene glycol in the ingesting water. Beside ethylene glycol, &lt;em&gt;EEPC&lt;/em&gt; (100, 200 and 400 mg/kg) was given orally from 15 - 28 days, serum and urine were collected from individual animals and biochemical parameters like BUN, creatinine along with uric acid in serum as well as calcium, oxalate and phosphate in urine the kidney homogenate have been measured on 28&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; day. Kidney sections have been organized and histopathologically tested for calcium oxalate crystals. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical analysis of &lt;em&gt;EEPC &lt;/em&gt;disclose the presence of phenolics, tannins, steroids, terpenoids and flavonoids and HPTLC fingerprinting shows the presence of 7 terpenoids, 2 flavonoids when scanned at 540nm and 366nm. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;studies showed reduction in CaOx crystal aggregation and promoted nucleation after treatment with&lt;em&gt; EEPC&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;em&gt; In vivo &lt;/em&gt;studies also showed reduction in elevated levels of serum creatinine, BUN, uric acid, and levels of calcium, oxalate and phosphate in urine and kidney homogenate as compared to disease control rats. The results were supported by histopathological studies.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The EEPC have shown significant antiurolithiatic activity by reducing calculi.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1289</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;S. Suman&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, S.V. Suresh Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Jawaharlal Nehru technological University Anantapur, Ananthapuramu-515002, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Creative Educational Society’s college of Pharmacy, NH-7, Chinnatekur, Kurnool-518218, Andhra Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tutik Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adita Ayu Permanasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aty Widyawaruyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hak Hotta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chie Aoki-Utsubo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achmad Fuad Hafid</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiviral Activity of Indonesian Medicinal Plants against Hepatitis B Virus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcuma xanthorhiza</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatitis B Virus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthus niruri</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1108-1114</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infects more than 300 million people globally and is a common cause of liver cancer. Current therapy using reverse transcriptase inhibitors require long-term treatment and the potential risk of development of drug-resistant viruses remains an important issue to be considered. Hence, the development of new drugs is critical. Traditional medicinal plants used for the treatment of infectious diseases may provide a viable option for the discovery of anti-HBV drug candidates. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study examined anti-HBV activity of 31 kinds of Indonesian plants. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Crude extracts of various part of plants, leaves and stem, were obtained using dichloromethane and ethanol solvent. The effect on viral entry was examined by determining levels of HBsAg expression in the supernatants of HBV-infected HepG2-NTCP cells by ELISA. The effect on HBV replication was determined by measuring HBV DNAs amounts in Hep38.7-Tet cells by quantitative real-time PCR.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The extracts of &lt;em&gt;Phyllantus niruri&lt;/em&gt; leaves and &lt;em&gt;Curcuma xanthorrhiza &lt;/em&gt;showed reduction of strong HBsAg production from HepG2-NTCP cells with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 170.48 and 270.51 μg/mL, respectively. Treatment of HepAD38.7-Tet cells with &lt;em&gt;P. niruri &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorhiza &lt;/em&gt;at the highest concentration while avoiding cytotoxicity reduced extracellular HBV DNA levels by 70% and 30 % of the untreated control respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;P. niruri &lt;/em&gt;inhibited both the entry and HBV replication, thus &lt;em&gt;P. niruri &lt;/em&gt;is a promising candidate for anti-HBV drug development.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1108</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tutik Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Adita Ayu Permanasari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aty Widyawaruyanti&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt; Hak Hotta&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Chie Aoki-Utsubo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Achmad Fuad Hafid&lt;sup&gt;1,2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Tropical Disease, Universitas Airlangga, Jl. Mulyorejo, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Konan Women’s University, 6-2-23 Morikitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe 658-0001, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, 7-10-2, Tomogaoka, Suma-ku, Kobe 654-0142, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nadilla N Atikasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory, Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Content and Total Flavonoid Content of Ethyl Acetate Extract of Caesalpiniaturtuosa Roxb Stem Bark</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpiniaturtuosa Roxb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227-231</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The purpose of this study is to investigate arginase inhibition, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpiniaturtuosa &lt;/em&gt;Roxb. &lt;strong&gt;Material and method: &lt;/strong&gt;stem bark of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpiniaturtuosa &lt;/em&gt;Roxb was extracted using hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol subsequently. The ethyl acetate extract was fractioned. Then, the fractions were subjected to arginase inhibition, antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid assay. Correlation was considered by statistical analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Result: &lt;/strong&gt;Out of eight fractions, two fractions have no activity. Two fractions (3 and 6) have strong activity in arginase with inhibition 90.72 % and 91.41% respectively. Fraction 3 and 6 have strong antioxidant activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 25.98 μg/mL and 48.01 μg/mL respectively. Statistical analysis shows arginase inhibitor activity was not related with antioxidant activity, total phenolic content and total flavonoid content in this plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Activity in arginase inhibition of fraction from ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpiniaturtuosa &lt;/em&gt;Roxb are not related to antioxidant, total phenolic and flavonoid content.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nadilla N. Atikasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI), Serpong, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ribhu Ray</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amrita Pal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santanu Paul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of the Impact of Wild Stinkhorn Mushroom Extracts on Different Cancer Cell Proliferation and Study of Primary Metabolites</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS•+</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT Assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phallus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">699-708</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Present study aims to evaluate the efficacy of methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of wild mushroom &lt;em&gt;Phallus&lt;/em&gt; sp. on cell proliferation of both normal and cancer cells. This study also looked at anti-oxidant potentiality of methanolic extract and also unravels the phytochemical profiling of both extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Anti-proliferative activity was assessed by MTT assay on different human cancer cell lines such as MCF-7, MOLT-4, REH and Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells or PBMC isolated from a healthy donor. Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used for comparative assessment of phytochemical constituents of both extracts. The anti-oxidant profile of methanolic extract was also evaluated by DPPH and ABTS&lt;strong&gt;•+&lt;/strong&gt; assays. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results indicated that the both methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts of &lt;em&gt;Phallus&lt;/em&gt; sp. showed appreciable anti-proliferative activity against breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 8.544±2.812 μg/mL and 35.279±2.863 μg/mL respectively. Both of the extracts also showed its moderate impact on human B cell precursor leukemia cell line (REH) with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 25.987±2.696 μg/mL for methanol and 51.484±1.480 μg/mL for ethyl acetate extract respectively. No effect was observed in MOLT-4 cell line. Methanolic extract was selected as better anti cancer extract over ethyl acetate extract. No significant anti-proliferative activity was observed in normal PBMC by both extracts. GC-MS analysis indicated that 43 and 114 compounds were identified from methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts respectively. Among them nine compounds shared its existence in both of the extracts. Different derivatives of ergosterol and several fatty acid esters ware identified as major components from both of the extracts. Methanolic extracts of the &lt;em&gt;Phallus&lt;/em&gt; sp. showed its effectiveness on both of DPPH and ABTS&lt;strong&gt;•+ &lt;/strong&gt;free radical, and result indicated that it contain more flavonoid content than phenol. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Phallus&lt;/em&gt; sp. show very specific anti-proliferative effect on MCF-7 with moderate anti-oxidant activity and holds a great promise for isolation of bio molecules for treating Breast Cancer. Several derivatives of ergosterol identified as probable anti-cancer compound.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">699</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ribhu Ray, Amrita Pal, Santanu Paul* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, Kolkata 700019, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wulan Christijanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achmad Zulfa Juniarto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lisyani B. Suromo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aloe Vera Peel Extract Administration Increased Antioxidant Enzyme Levels of Serum and Seminal Plasma in Type 2 Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aloe vera peel extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seminal Plasma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">962-967</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as a complex metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia.&lt;strong&gt; Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of&lt;em&gt; Aloe vera&lt;/em&gt; peel extract on the antioxidant levels of serum and seminal plasma of type 2 diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Male Wistar rat was injected by 65 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) combined with 230 mg/kg of Nicotinamide acid (NA) intraperitoneally. The rats were declared to have diabetic with fasting blood glucose level &amp;gt; 200 mg/dl 72 hours after induction. Diabetic rat samples were divided into four groups, control group (diabetes without treatment) and three groups were treated by &lt;em&gt;Aloe vera&lt;/em&gt; peel extracts orally: 100 mg (P.1), 200 mg (P.2), and 400 mg/kg body weight (P.3), respectively. Antioxidant levels of serum and seminal plasma, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione (GSH) were examined after 28 days of treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The levels of SOD, CAT, and GSH in the group receiving &lt;em&gt;Aloe vera &lt;/em&gt;peel extract were statistically significant (p &amp;lt;0.05) higher than the control. There were also significant differences between the dose variations group.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Aloe vera&lt;/em&gt; peel extract can significantly increase antioxidant levels in serum and seminal plasma of type 2 diabetic mice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">962</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wulan Christijanti&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Achmad Zulfa Juniarto&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lisyani B. Suromo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program of Medical/Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Biology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Diponegoro University Semarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Welly Ratwita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elin Yulinah Sukandar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">I Ketut Adnyana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neng Fisheri Kurniati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha Mangostin and Xanthone Activity on Fasting Blood Glucose, Insulin and Langerhans Islet of Langerhans in Alloxan Induced Diabetic Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasting blood glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin plasma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Langerhans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-mangostin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-68</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research elaborated role of alpha mangostin and xanthone on fasting blood glucose, insulin and langerhans islet in alloxan induced diabetic mice. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fasting blood glucose, insulin and langerhans islet test were conducted using male &lt;em&gt;Mus musculus&lt;/em&gt; mice, divided into 10 groups randomly, which were normal, control (alloxan induced only), glibenclamide, various doses of α-mangostin and xanthone (5, 10, 20 mg/kgbw). Mice were treated for 21 days. Overnight-fasted mice (12 h) were sacrificed by cervical decapitation on day 21st, following the ethical norms granted by the ethics committee. Fasting blood glucose and insulin plasma were checked. Pancreatic tissues were excised from sacrificed animals, and then fixed in 10 % (v/v) neutral buffered formalin. Histologic observations for Langerhans area were performed after staining using Gomori staining method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The effects of alpha mangostin and xanthone on fasting blood glucose different significantly to control, and were not significantly different from glibenclamide and metformin. Increasing alpha mangostin/xanthone dose from 5 mg/kgbw to 20 mg/bw also did not cause significant differences, although the best results were obtained at a dose of 20 mg/kgbw. Insulin plasma analize showed that there were no significant difference between alpha mangostin/xanthone to normal group, except xanthone 10 mg/kgbw. Langerhans area showed significant difference between alpha mangostin/xanthone to control group. But there’s still had significant difference if we compare to glibenclamid/metformin group.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Alpha mangostin and xanthone are two substances that showed antidiabetic effect on fasting blood glucose level, insulin plasma and Langerhans islet.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Welly Ratwita&lt;sup&gt;*,1&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Elin Yulinah Sukandar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; I Ketut Adnyana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; Neng Fisheri Kurniati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Jenderal Achmad Yani University-Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avilekh Naryal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pushpender Bhardwaj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anil Kant</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OP Chaurasia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsering Stobdan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Altitude and Seed Phenotypic Effect on Amygdalin Content in Apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.) Kernel</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bitterness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyanide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elevation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladakh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seed Coat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweetness</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year></dates><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xx-xx</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Genetic component influencing amygdalin content in apricot kernel is well documented. This study aims to evaluate influence of altitude and seed phenotypic characters on amygdalin content in apricot kernel. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Fruits from 126 genotypes differing in kernel taste and seed coat colour were collected from seven locations from 3008-3346 m asl in trans-Himalaya. Amygdalin content in kernel was determined. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Amygdalin content in bitter kernel was significan tly higher (44.6±9.0 mg.g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) than that of sweet kernel (3.1±1.8 mg.g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) with brown seed coat. The geographical elevation had no influence on kernel amygdalin content. Similarly, seed and kernel physical characters, except seed coat color, had no significant effect on kernel amygdalin content. High variability within genotypes was observed suggesting that genotype played significant role on amygdalin content in apricot kernel. Low amygdalin content (2.4±1.2 mg.&lt;sup&gt;g-1&lt;/sup&gt;) in apricot kernel with white seed coat phenotype confirmed our earlier finding that the white phenotypic marker is associated with sweet kernel. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The geographical elevation had no influence on kernel amygdalin content. White seed coat phenotype can be taken as a marker for low amygdalin content in future studies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xx</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Avilekh Naryal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pushpender Bhardwaj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anil Kant&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, OP Chaurasia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tsering Stobdan&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Defence Institute of High-Altitude Research, Defence Research and Development Organisation, Leh-Ladakh-194101, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Jaypee University of Information Technology, Wakhnaghat, Solan-173215, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laís Emanuelle Bernardo Vieira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafaela Damasceno Sá</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karina Perrelli Randau</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical and Histochemical Characterization of Leaves of Luffa cylindrica (L.) M. Roem</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cucurbitaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luffa cylindrica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">511-514</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Luffa cylindrica&lt;/em&gt; (L.) M. Roem. (Cucurbitaceae) is an herbaceous plant used for food as compose salads and do sweets and also used in traditional medicine as treat parasitic infections and intestinal diseases. Although this information, there are not many relates about anatomic characters for use in your quality control. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim was investigating the anatomical characters of petiole and leaf blade and characterizing the metabolites in the leaf blade of &lt;em&gt;L. cylindrica&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Semipermanent histological slides were prepared for analysis of petiole and leaf blade in optical microscopy. Histochemical tests were also performed in the leaf blade. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The anatomical study revealed information about the type of trichomes, cuticle, vascular bundles and arrangement of the tissues that determine the botanical identity of this species. It was also identifying, for the first time, the presence of two types of trichomes in both of leaf blades faces. The histochemistry allowed determining which metabolites are in the leaf blade and also their location. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study described new characters for &lt;em&gt;L. cylindrica&lt;/em&gt; and the results provide support to quality control of the species.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">511</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Laís Emanuelle Bernardo Vieira, Rafaela Damasceno Sá, Karina Perrelli Randau* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Arthur de Sá, Cidade Universitária, Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">VV Fedotova</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DA Konovalov</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">АА Kruglaya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical Study of Pachyphragma macrophyllum (Hoffm.) N. Busch</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Collenchyma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cross-section</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mesophyll</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Outgrowths on the edge of the leaf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pachyphragma macrophyllum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stomata anisocytic type</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vascular bundle</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1587-1590</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pachyphragma macrophyllum &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;Hoffm&lt;/em&gt;.) N. Busch is not studied endemic of the Caucasus (Russia) and Turkey. Now in medicine, it is not applied yet, but preliminary data confirm potential use of this plant. For this purpose, it is necessary to carry out the analysis of &lt;em&gt;P. macrophyllum,&lt;/em&gt; and we began with morphological, anatomic studying. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; P. macrophyllum&lt;/em&gt; herb was collected during the flowering period on the Mount Mashuk in Pyatigorsk, Stavropol region, Russia in April 2019. The anatomical structure of &lt;em&gt;P. macrophyllum &lt;/em&gt;is considered in accordance with the requirements of the State Pharmacopoeia XIV. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The main morphological signs of &lt;em&gt;P. macrophyllum: &lt;/em&gt;basal leaves have petioles; cordate or reniform. Stem leaves oval, petioles short. The leaves have a serrated margin. The inflorescences grow in a raceme. Fruit cordate silicula. Microscopic signs: on the edge of the leaf blade are outgrowths, walls of cells of the upper and lower epidermis heavily sinuous, stomata as a rule anisocytic type. In cross-section of the leaf, two types of mesophyll: palisade and spongy; vascular bundle collateral round shape. On the cross-section of the stem, the epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma, collateral vascular bundles are located around. Cells of epidermis of a petal and sepal of a flower polygonal. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The received standards will provide reference information for identification, purity, standardisation for the use of &lt;em&gt;P. macrophyllum &lt;/em&gt;as raw materials for medicines.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1587</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;VV Fedotova, DA Konovalov*, АА Kruglaya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Botany and Technology of Phytopreparations, Pyatigorsk Medical and Pharmaceutical Institute, a Branch of Volgograd State Medical University Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, Pyatigorsk, 357532, Kalinina 11, RUSSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kholhring Lalchhandama</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic Activity of Millettia pachycarpa Root Bark Extract on an Intestinal Roundworm, Ascaridia galli</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ascaridia galli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cuticle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Millettia pachycarpa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roundworm</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1428-1433</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Millettia pachycarpa &lt;/em&gt;Benth. is member of the family Fabaceae and is a wellknown traditional medicinal plant used for different health conditions. Its roots and seeds are rich in bioactive compounds such as chalcones, isoflavones and rotenoids, which are attributed to the anticancer, antiparasitic and insecticidal properties of the plant. In Mizo traditional medicine, the root bark is also used for parasitic infections. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The study was designed to understand the anthelmintic efficacy and effects of &lt;em&gt;M. pachycarpa&lt;/em&gt; on an intestinal roundworm, &lt;em&gt;Ascaridia galli. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The methanolic extract of the root bark was prepared and survival test was performed against &lt;em&gt;A. galli&lt;/em&gt;. The structural effects were studied using scanning electron microscopy and histological preparations. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The roundworm showed extensive structural changes and damages. The cuticle showed extensive shrinkage and cracks. Lacerations and scars distorted the fine transverse rings. The mouthparts collapsed with shrunken lips and degenerated denticles. Internal tissues such as musculature and reproductive organs were also impaired. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The findings indicate that the plant extract is effective against parasitic roundworms.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1428</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kholhring Lalchhandama* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl 796 001, Mizoram, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zulhabri Othman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamimi Rasyiqah Hassan Khalep</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azrina Zainal Abidin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Halijah Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santosh Fattepur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Anti-Angiogenic Properties of Morinda citrifolia. L (Mengkudu) Leaves Using Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) Assay</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-angiogenesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morinda citrifolia. L leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">White Leghorn eggs</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12-15</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Anti-angiogenesis or inhibition of blood vessel formation is the best way to prevent the growth and metastasis of tumors. The use &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolis.&lt;/em&gt; L extracts have been reported to exhibit a broad range of therapeutic effects, including antibacterial and antitumor. Objective: This study aims to investigate the anti-angiogenic properties of &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt;. L leaves extracts using Chicken Chorioallantoic Membrane (CAM) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The Fertile White Leghorn eggs were divided into five groups which were control, Bevacizumab drug and treatment groups with 25%, 50% and 75% of &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt;. L leaves extracts respectively. The reduction of the blood vessel was counted after 12 h and 24 h post-treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Analysis have shown significant differences (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05) in the reduction of the blood vessel between each group at 24 h post-treatment. The group with 75% extracts showed 37.1% reductions of blood vessel compared to groups 50% and 25% extracts which showed 4% and 12.8% respectively. The phytochemical screening has showed that &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt;. L leaves extracts was positive for flavonoid, phenols and phytosterols. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Morinda citrifolia&lt;/em&gt;. L leaves extracts consist of the phytochemical compounds that have the ability to inhibit the angiogenesis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Zulhabri Othman&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamimi Rasyiqah Hassan Khalep&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Azrina Zainal Abidin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Halijah Hassan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Santosh Fattepur&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Diagnostic and Allied Health Science, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Management and Science University, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Graduate Studies, Post-Graduate Centre, Management and Science University, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Management and Science University, 40100 Shah Alam, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Srividya Lonkala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. Rama Narsimha Reddy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Carica papaya Leaves and Allium sativum Cloves Alone and in Combination against Multiple Strains</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Allium sativum cloves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacillus cereus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carica papaya leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">crude extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia coli</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salmonella typhi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600-602</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Screening of natural extracts is a focused intensive study that aims to find active principles sorted from plant resources both safe and environmental friendly. The present study was aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of direct crude extracts of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;leaves and &lt;em&gt;Allium sativum cloves&lt;/em&gt; alone and in combination against multiple drug resistant strains. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Two Gram positive (&lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus&lt;/em&gt;) and three strains of Gram negative (&lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli, Salmonella typh&lt;/em&gt;i and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;) bacteria were used to evaluate the antibacterial activity of &lt;em&gt;Carica papaya &lt;/em&gt;leaves and &lt;em&gt;Allium sativum&lt;/em&gt; using Agar Disk Diffusion Method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study showed that both extracts showed moderate antibacterial activity against the test bacterial strains and the potency of the extracts was increased when these two extracts were combined. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These extracts directly can be used as natural alternative preventives to control various food poisoning diseases and preserve food stuff avoiding healthy hazards of chemically antimicrobial agent applications.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">600</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Srividya Lonkala *, A. Rama Narsimha Reddy &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Beside LMD Police Station, Thimmapur, Karimnagar-505481, Telangana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andi Hamdillah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alim Isnansetyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indah Istiqomah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indun Dewi Puspita</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Desy Putri Handayani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Takushi Kaneko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Coastal Plants and Marine Sponges from Kei Island Indonesia against Bacterial Fish Pathogens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bacteria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coastal plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fish pathogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marine sponge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolite</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">812-817</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to investigate the antibacterial activity of coastal plants and marine sponges extracts against fish bacterial pathogens. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples were extracted by maceration and the extracts were examined for their antibacterial activities against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus&lt;/em&gt; sp. BJ0509, &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 6538,&lt;em&gt; Aeromonas hydrophila&lt;/em&gt; BA03 and &lt;em&gt;Vibrio parahaemolyticus&lt;/em&gt; 29S by means of paper disc diffusion method. Active extracts were partitioned and purified by column chromatography. The purified substance was tested for Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) against seven bacterial fish pathogens namely&lt;em&gt; Streptococcus &lt;/em&gt;sp., &lt;em&gt;Vibrio parahaemolyticus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;V. alginolyticus, V. harveyi, Photobacterium damselae, Aeromonas hydrophila and A. dhakensis.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The highest antibacterial activity against all bacteria used in the assay was demonstrated by OKA 6, a bark extract sample of a coastal plant, &lt;em&gt;Diospyros maritima.&lt;/em&gt; It showed a diameter of inhibition zones against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus &lt;/em&gt;sp. BJ0509, &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 6538, &lt;em&gt;A. hydrophila&lt;/em&gt; BA03 and &lt;em&gt;V. parahaemolyticus&lt;/em&gt; 29S of 19, 33, 18, and 18 mm, respectively. The column chromatography fraction of OKA 6 inhibited the growth of &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; ATCC 6538 with MIC of 3.125 μg/mL. The MIC of this fraction against seven bacterial fish pathogens ranged &amp;lt; 0.098 to 3.125 μg/mL. The antibacterial activity of partially purified substance obtained from column chromatography fractionation of OKA 6 was higher than those of oxytetracycline and kanamycin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;This result indicates that antibacterial activity of the partially purified substance is potentially higher than those of the commercial antibiotics tested. It further indicates that OKA 6 extract from &lt;em&gt;D. maritima&lt;/em&gt; can serve as a promising resource for the development of therapeutic agents against bacterial infections in aquaculture.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">812</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Andi Hamdillah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alim Isnansetyo&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Indah Istiqomah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Indun Dewi Puspita&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Desy Putri Handayani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Takushi Kaneko&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Global Alliance for TB Drug Development, Research and Development, 40 Wall Street, 24&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; Floor, New York, NY, USA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed Al-Ghamdi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanaa Elkholy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahd Abuhelal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hatim Al-Abbadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dina Qahwaji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nahlaa Khalefah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hanaan Sobhy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammad Abu-Hilal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Antifungal Activity of Jojoba Wax Liquid (Simmondsia chinensis)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jojoba oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simmondsia chinesisis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191-194</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;/strong&gt;: Plants are a rich source of bioactive compounds. &lt;em&gt;Simmondsia chinensis&lt;/em&gt;, also known as Jojoba, is the sole member the Simmondsiaceae’s family and has been known traditionally for many medical uses. Objectives: Herein we evaluate the value of crude jojoba oil (J.O) as an antimicrobial agent in vitro.&lt;strong&gt; Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: J.O was tested for potential antimicrobial activity against &lt;em&gt;Bacillus subtilis&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus, Proteus vulgaris, P. mirabilis, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Asperigillus flavus&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: Our results did not show any effect on fungi or yeast. However, a significant antibacterial activity was observed against &lt;em&gt;B. subtilis, S. aureus, P. vulgaris, P. mirabilis&lt;/em&gt;. A high activity was observed for J.O at Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) level of 12.5 mg/ml. Interestingly, &lt;em&gt;S. typhimurium, E. coli and Ps. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; were found to be highly resistant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: Our findings suggest that J.O may have a medicinal potential as natural antibacterial agent.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">191</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ahmed Al-Ghamdi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Thanaa Elkholy&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shahd Abuhelal&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hatim Al-Abbadi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Dina Qahwaji&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Nahlaa Khalefah&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Hanaan Sobhy&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammad Abu-Hilal&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Al-Azhar University, Al Mokhaym Al Daem, Cairo, Cairo Governorate, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King’s College London, Franklin-Wilkins building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 8NH, UNITED KINGDOM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Consultant General Laparoscopic Surgeon, King Abdulaziz University, University Hospital, Director of Experimental Surgery Unit, KFMRC*, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Departments of Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdul-Aziz University, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Head of Pharmacology Unit, -Biochemical, and Toxicology and Food Deficiency.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Consultant Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, University Hospital, Southampton University, UNITED KINGDOM.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanvi Pingale</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pallavi Duse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunita Ogale</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Antifungal Approaches of Ficus racemosa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthraquinone glycosides.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ficus racemosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moraceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soyabean casein digest agar</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355-357</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ficus racemosa&lt;/em&gt; also called as Ficus glomerata Roxb. is a species of plant in the family Moraceae. Popularly known as the Audumbar, cluster fig tree, Indian fig tree or goolar (gular). Different parts of plant shows Antibacterial, Antitussive, Anthelmintic, Antidiarrhoeal, Anticancer, Anti-inflammatory activities etc. on various extracts. Latest and previous studies have concluded the beneficial aspects of fruit of the plant shows Antimicrobial, Antibacterial and Antifungal activity using different cultures and extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The method was adopted for preparation of plant extracts. The media used for antibacterial test was Nutrient agar/broth. The culture medium was inoculated with the microorganism separately suspended in nutrient broth. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by measuring the diameter of zone of inhibition observed. The broth dilution method was adopted for determination of MIC value against the pathogens. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanoic and ethyl acetate extract showed more promising antimicrobial activity as compared to Water, Hexane and Chloroform extract. In well diffusion method, the ethyl acetate extract had showed significant bactericidal activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">355</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tanvi Pingale&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Pallavi Duse&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunita Ogale&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor in Pharmacology, VIVA Institute of Pharmacy, Virar, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor in Quality Assurance, VIVA Institute of Pharmacy, Virar, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;VIVA Institute of Pharmacy, Virar, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcos Ignacio Jimenez Zuniga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alejandro Jonathan Hurtado Mariles</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jose Luis Castrejon Flores</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jose Antonio Mondragon Herrera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Guadalupe Ramirez Sotelo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Genaro Ivan Ceron Montes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yolanda de las Mercedes Gomez y Gomez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant-Like Effects of Dracocephalum moldavica L. in Mouse Models of Immobility Tests</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dracochepalum moldavica L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forced swim test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tail suspension test</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">976-983</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the antidepressant activity of the ethanolic extracts of “toronjil azul”(&lt;em&gt;Dracocephalum moldavica&lt;/em&gt; L.). &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; The forced swimming test (FST) and tail suspension test (TST) were performed on CD-1 mice to evaluate the antidepressant activity of the ethanolic extracts. The ethanolic extracts were administered orally at an 80 and 100 mg/kg. The animals were dosed 1, 6 and 24 h before initiating the FST assay and 40 minutes before for the TST assay. Imipramine and fluoxetine were dosed at 15 mg/kg, while the flavonoid quercetin was given an a lower concentration of 10 mg/kg as a positive controls. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of &lt;em&gt;Dracocephalum moldavica&lt;/em&gt; L. and significantly decreased the immobility time in the FST and TST assays when compared with the negative control and reported similar values than those obtained with the positive controls. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained indicate that extract of &lt;em&gt;Dracocephalum moldavica&lt;/em&gt; L. have antidepressant effect similar to those obtained by.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">976</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Marcos Ignacio Jiménez Zúñiga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Alejandro Jonathan Hurtado Mariles&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, José Luis Castrejón Flores&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, José Antonio Mondragón Herrera&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, María Guadalupe Ramírez Sotelo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Genaro Iván Cerón Montes&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Yolanda de las Mercedes Gómez y Gómez&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorio de Biotecnología Molecular y Cultivo Celular, Av. Acueducto, La Laguna Ticomán, C.P.: 07340, Gustavo A. Madero, Ciudad de México, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Hospital de Cardiología, Laboratorio de Patología Molecular, Avenida Cuauhtémoc 330, Doctores, C.P.: 06720, Cuauhtémoc, Ciudad de MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Tecnológica de Tecámac, Laboratorio de Bioprocesos, Carretera Federal México-Pachuca, Km. 37.5, Predio Sierra Hermosa, C.P. 55740. Tecámac, Estado de México, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adelina Simamora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kris Herawan Timotius</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adit Widodo Santoso</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Different Extracts from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr Seeds</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Additive inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brucea javanica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mixed type inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">479-485</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The seeds of &lt;em&gt;B. javanica&lt;/em&gt; are known as herbal material for anticancer, antimalaria and antiamoeba. Limited report is available on their antidiabetic and antibacterial properties. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanol (ME) and Ethyl acetate extracts (EAE) were studied for their inhibition activities on α-glucosidase &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;, including combination of ME with acarbose and inhibition mechanism. Antibacterial activity was tested by well diffusion and microdilution methods. The extracts were evaluated for their &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant property by DPPH assay, as well as their phenolic and flavonoid contents. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; ME exhibited a strong α-glucosidase inhibition activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 271.97 &lt;em&gt;μ&lt;/em&gt;g/ml) compared to EAE and acarbose (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 1745.05 and 823.99 &lt;em&gt;μ&lt;/em&gt;g/ml, respectively). A low dose of ME gave an additive inhibition on α-glucosidase when combined with acarbose. By a kinetic analysis, ME was found to inhibit α-glucosidase in a mixed-type inhibition. Both ME and EAE showed strong antibacterial activities against gram negative and positive bacteria. The strongest inhibition was observed against &lt;em&gt;C. violaceum&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;S. mutans&lt;/em&gt; for ME (MIC of both 0.387 mg/ml) and &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; for EAE (MIC 2.938 mg/ml). Both extracts showed weaker antioxidant activities than standards; IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 664.73 and 4225.40 μg/ml, respectively. ME was rich in phenolics (277.54 mg GAE/100 g DW), unlike EAE (1.86 mg GAE/100 g DW). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study can recommend &lt;em&gt;B. javanica&lt;/em&gt; seeds as a source for antidiabetic and antibacterial agents. Combination with acarbose may have important role for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">479</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Adelina Simamora&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kris Herawan Timotius&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Adit Widodo Santoso&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta- 11510, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Herbal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Krida Wacana Christian University, Jakarta- 11510, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Chaudhary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Harish Chandra Verma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mandeep Kumar Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hitesh Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudhansu Ranjan Swain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh Kumar Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdel-Nasser El-Shorbagi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Aptitude of Cordia sebestena and its Outcome on Biochemical Parameters, Serum Electrolytes, and Hematological Markers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cordia sebestena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucose</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">418-423</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study investigated the antidiabetic outcome of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Cordia sebestena&lt;/em&gt; fruit (EECSF) in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetogenic rodents and evaluated its consequence to improve the level of biochemical parameters, serum electrolytes level, and hematological indices along with its impact on body weight. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The albino rodents were selected to observe oral glucose tolerance test by oral intake of aqueous glucose solution (4 g/kg, body weight) in normal rodents and assessment of blood glucose level after administration of EECSF at 100 and 200 mg/kg and standard drug glibenclamide at 0.6 mg/kg, body weight. Antidiabetic activity was estimated in the chronic biological model by STZ (65 mg/kg/i.p.)-induced diabetes in rodents escorted by the determination of blood glucose. Further pharmacological research was carried out to explore the effect of EECSF on body weight, variations in biochemical parameters including aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, and total protein, transformations in serum electrolytes such as Na&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, K&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;, Cl&lt;sup&gt;−&lt;/sup&gt;, and Ca&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; along with estimation of hematological indices such as red blood cells, white blood cells, hemoglobin, lymphocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; It was discovered that EECSF significantly lowered the blood glucose level of diabetic rodents along with enhancement in body weight. Correspondingly, EECSF significantly ameliorated the biochemical parameters, serum electrolytes, and hematological indices. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results demonstrated the antidiabetic potential of EECSF in STZ-induced diabetes in rodents, and it could be selected to benefit from diabetes and its affiliated complexities inclusive of anemia, diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, neuropathy, and hepatitis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">418</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sachin Chaudhary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Harish Chandra Verma&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mandeep Kumar Gupta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hitesh Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sudhansu Ranjan Swain&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh Kumar Gupta&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdel-Nasser El-Shorbagi&lt;sup&gt;1,3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Pharmaceutics, Moradabad Educational Trust, Group of Institutions, Faculty of Pharmacy, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UNITED ARAB EMIRATES.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shambaditya Goswami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravindra Pal Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Potential and HPTLC Fingerprinting of Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoglycemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schleichera oleosa (Lour) Oken</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">469-474</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Schleichera oleosa&lt;/em&gt; (Lour) Oken., also known as Lac tree, is a traditional plant used to treat different ailments since ancient time. The folkloric use of this plant as hypoglycemics is still un-revealed scientifically. So, the present study includes the &lt;em&gt;in-vivo &lt;/em&gt;evaluation of hypoglycemic activity with HPTLC fingerprinting, qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of the extracts of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanolic extract of the plant (SOE) was subjected for phytochemical screening and HPTLC finger printing (using CAMAG LINOMAT 5 instrument). For the evaluation of hypoglycemic activity Streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats were treated with glibenclamide (0.5mg/kg body weight) and ethanolic extract (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight) of the plant. Acute and chronic studies were performed for the evaluation of blood glucose levels.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The presence of alkaloids, tannins, phenolics and flavonoids were confirmed in the preliminary phytochemical screening. Quantitative screening of total tannins (6.15±4.20), total flavonoids (25.13±3.21) and total phenolic compounds (48.09±2.58) were reported. HPTLC fingerprinting analysis of SOE affirmed the presence of quercetin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The positive outcome was observed in the results of hypoglycemic activity, as all the treatments significantly decreased blood glucose level. During the study, SOE and glibenclamide maintained the body weight of the rats while diabetic control reduced the body weight by 11.33%. In support of its traditional use &lt;em&gt;Schleichera oleosa&lt;/em&gt; (Lour) Oken. was proved to be a potent antidiabetic herbal plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">469</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shambaditya Goswami&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravindra Pal Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isni Rizqi Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosita Handayani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Elastase Activity of Rumput Teki (Cyperus rotundus L.) Rhizome Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyperus rotundus L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elastase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Skin ageing</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">754-758</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) often trigger the activation of elastase to degrade the elastin, an extracellular matrix (ECM) protein that provides resilience and elasticity of the skin. Therefore, the inhibition of elastase could reduce the wrinkles formation in the skin. Rumput teki (&lt;em&gt;Cyperus rotundus &lt;/em&gt;L.) is used empirically to increase the skin elasticity but the scientific justification was still limited. This study aimed to determine the activity of&lt;em&gt; Cyperus rotundus &lt;/em&gt;L (CyR) in inhibiting the elastase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction of CyR was performed by maceration method using 70% ethanol. The inhibition percentage and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; were determined by the colorimetric method using porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE) and N-Succ-(Ala)3-p- nitroanilide (SANA) as substrate. Phytochemical screening, determination of Total Phenolic content (TPC), and Total Flavonoid Content (TFC) were also performed to calculate the level of phenolic and flavonoid content in the sample.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The extract of CyR rhizomes contained TPC and TFC of 62.72 mgGAE/g and 10.72 mgEQ/g extract respectively and showed an inhibitory activity on elastase with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 178.72 μg/mL, smaller than IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of quercetin as reference drug (200.00 μg/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This finding suggested that extract of CyR rhizomes could be used as elastase inhibitor but the further research still needs to be developed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">754</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Isni Rizqi Putri, Rosita Handayani, Berna Elya*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rohan S. Phatak</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chitra C. Khanwelkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somnath M. Matule</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kailas D. Datkhile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anup S. Hendre</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperlipidemic Activity of Murraya koenigii Leaves Methanolic and Aqueous Extracts on Serum Lipid Profile of High Fat-Fructose Fed Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atherogenic index</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High fat-fructose diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hyperlipidemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lipid profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murraya Koenigii</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">836-841</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Dyslipidemia has been considered as one of coronary risk factors contributing to the cardiovascular diseases. The beneficial effects of &lt;em&gt;Murraya koenigii&lt;/em&gt; leaf on HFFD induced hyperlipidemia in rats has been very less reported in the recent review of literature.&lt;strong&gt; Aim and Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To study the hypolipidemic activity of &lt;em&gt;Murraya koenigii&lt;/em&gt; leaves on the serum lipid profile in HFFD rat model. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Thirty-six rats of either sex were randomly divided into six groups of six animals each. HFFD was fed p.o to all rats from Groups I, II, IV, V and VI except Group III throughout the period of 14 weeks. Group III rats received normal diet and water &lt;em&gt;ad libitum &lt;/em&gt;only. Group I, II, IV and V were treated respectively with AEMK (200 mg/kg/day, p. o), MEMK (200 mg/kg/day, p. o), MET (50 mg/kg/day, p. o) and ATO (10 mg/kg/day, p. o). On the last day of experimental study, blood was collected by retro-orbital puncture method. BSL and lipid profile were assessed. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Elevated levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, VLDL-C and diminished level of HDL-C were observed in group VI. &lt;em&gt;Murraya koenigii&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract exhibited significant hypolipidemic effect on serum TC and LDL-C in rats owing to its hypocholesterolemic properties. AIP was highly significant in both of AEMK and MEMK extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Results of the present study have suggested that the antihyperlipidemic activity of &lt;em&gt;Murraya koenigii&lt;/em&gt; leaves leading to decrease in serum lipid parameters mainly TC, LDL-C along with atherogenic risk might be due to its presence of bioactive compounds.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">836</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rohan S. Phatak&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Chitra C. Khanwelkar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Somnath M. Matule&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kailas D. Datkhile&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anup S. Hendre&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad-415110, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad-415110, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad-415110, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luján-Carpio Elmer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medina-Salazar Henry</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mayor-Vega Alexander</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medrano-Canchari Karola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mazuelos-Rivas María</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lizarraga-Castañeda Zaida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pante-Medina Carlos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salazar-Granara Alberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory and Neurobehavioral Effects of the Leaves from Maytenus macrocarpa (Ruiz and Pavon) Briquet in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diclofenac</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maytenus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neurobehavioral manifestations</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75-80</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (Chuchuhuasi) has long been employed in Peru as a traditional alternative therapy for several diseases, including cancer, arthritis and diarrhea. Recent studies show that several species of Maytenus have effects on nociceptive and inflammatory signaling, as well as toxic effects on behavioral neuronal pathways.&lt;strong&gt; Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects and neurobehavioral side manifestations of the leaf of&lt;em&gt; Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (Ruiz and Pavón) Briquet. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Materials:&lt;/strong&gt; Experimental study, double blind. 60 male albino mice strain Balb/c were divided in ten groups and each group, was orally feed with different doses of ethanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (500, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 mg/kg), others group received distilled water, caffeine 32 mg/kg, diazepam 32 mg/kg, diclofenac 15 mg/kg and the last group without substance. Neurobehavioral effects were assessed by the Irwin test. The anti-inflammatory activity was measured by the Carrageenan paw oedema test. Statistical analysis was performed with ANOVA test and Fisher exact test. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Anti-inflammatory effects of &lt;em&gt;M. macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; were observed in a non-significant trend of dose dependent form. &lt;em&gt;M. macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; displayed an anti-inflammatory effect at 1250 mg/kg and these effects were higher in comparison with diclofenac (74.14% vs 58.62%, one way ANOVA, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). Neurobehavioral side effects secondary to &lt;em&gt;M. macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; therapy were also identified, these included excitation, abnormal gait, abdominal cramps, piloerection, stereotypes and scratching (Fisher exact, p&amp;lt;0.05, CI 95%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;M. macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; leaves presented anti-inflammatory activity and concomitants neurobehavioral side effects.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Luján-Carpio Elmer&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Medina-Salazar Henry&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mayor-Vega Alexander&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Medrano-Canchari Karola&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mazuelos-Rivas María&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Lizarraga-Castañeda Zaida&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pante-Medina Carlos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salazar-Granara Alberto&lt;sup&gt;1,2,* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad de San Martín de Porres. Facultad de Medicina Humana. Instituto de Investigación, Centro de Investigación de Medicina Tradicional y Farmacología. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de la Universidad de San Martin de Porres. Lima, PERÚ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Em Sutrisna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maryati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanti Azizah S</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effect of Phyllanthus niruri L. from Indonesia (Pre-clinical Study)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carrageenan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthus niruri L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1347-1350</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Indonesian people often use &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus niruri&lt;/em&gt; L. (&lt;em&gt;P. niruri&lt;/em&gt; L.) to treat pain. Pain is the one of symptoms of inflammation. Some people take traditional medicine to treat this pain, because some analgesic drugs have several adverse effects. The aim of this research is to explore the anti-inflammatory effect of ethyl asetat fraction of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P. niruri&lt;/em&gt; L. (EAPN) from Indonesia in rats induced by carrageenan. A total of 25 rats were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 (diclofenac sodium 50 mg/kgbb), group 2 (aqueous extract), groups 3,4and 5 were ethyl asetat fraction at dosage of 250; 500 and 1000 mg/kgbw respectively. Group 1 was treated by diclofenac sodium at dose of 50 mg/kgbw, group II was treated by aqueous 2mL/rats, groups III, IV and V were treated by EAPN at dosage of 250; 500 and 1000mg/kgbw respectively. Thirty minutes later, all rats were injected by carrageenan 0,1 mL 1% w/v sub cutaneous into back rat’s left paw. Paw volumes were measured by Plethysmometer on minutes 0, 60, 90, 150, 210, 330. Area under the curve (AUC) were calculated from these results (AUC 0-30; AUC 0-90; 0-150; AUC 0-210 and AUC 0-330). The AUC of EAPN at dosage of 250; 500 and 1000mg/ kgbw smaller than negative control significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). EAPN contains alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and triterpens. EAPN has anti-inflammatory effect in rats induced by carrageenan.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1347</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Em Sutrisna&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Maryati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tanti Azizah S&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical faculty of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacy faculty of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mathews Meriam Leya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roy Anitha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effect of the Aqueous Fruit Pulp Extract of Tamarindus indica Linn in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">iNOS expression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oral squamous cell carcinoma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodontitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamarind indica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">669-673</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the aqueous fruit pulp extract of &lt;em&gt;Tamarind indica &lt;/em&gt;Linn on NO production and iNOS expression in LPS stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. &lt;strong&gt;Material&amp;nbsp;and Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The efficacy of tamarind extract on nitric oxide production was determined using RAW macrophages. RT - PCR was used to examine the expression of the iNOS gene in activated macrophages. The Statistical analysis for multiple comparisons was evaluated by one way ANOVA followed by the Dunnett’s test when significant differences were detected. The data were considered to be statistically significant at &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.001, &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.01 and &lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt; 0.05.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;LPS stimulated RAW macrophages strongly up regulated the iNOS gene expression levels. The iNOS levels were significantly suppressed in the presence of different concentrations of tamarind extract, compared to LPS treatment alone. The tamarind extract also exhibited dose – dependent decrease in the production of NO. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;was found to be 35.69 μg/ml. LPS stimulated group showed 89.61 ± 0.47 % of NO. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Nitric oxide production is found to be more in conditions such as periodontitis, oral squamous cell carcinoma and many other diseases. This study could prove the ability of tamarind fruit pulp extract to inhibit the production of nitric oxide and the iNOS gene expression. Hence, &lt;em&gt;Tamarind indica&lt;/em&gt; Linn pulp extract may be used as a good anti-inflammatory agent in periodontitis as well as in conditions associated with over production of nitric oxide in different cancers such as oral squamous cell carcinoma.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Research Study</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">669</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mathews Meriam Leya, Roy Anitha*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endang Ariyani Setyowati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alim Isnansetyo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial Activity of Microalgae Extracts Based on Inhibition of PfMQO, a Mitochondrial Plasmodium falciparum Enzyme</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microalgae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P falciparum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1477-1482</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Malaria is an important global disease that threatened human life. The resistance&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium &lt;/em&gt;sp. to the available medicines encourages the search for new antimalarial substances based on new mechanisms on the inhibition of PfMQO (the mitochondrial&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; enzyme). &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The purposes of this study was to screen antimalarial substances from microalgae based on the inhibition of PfMQO. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Five microalgae were extracted by maceration using chloroform pa and ethanol pa. These ten crude extracts obtained were tested for the inhibitory activity against the PfMQO enzyme. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The highest inhibitory activity against PfMQO enzyme was chloroform extract of &lt;em&gt;S. costatum&lt;/em&gt; with 91.050% of inhibition and 0.043 μg/mL of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. The ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;S. platensis &lt;/em&gt;showed 91.999% and 5.25 μg/mL of inhibition and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;, respectively. These results indicated that the two extracts provide high antimalarial activity exceeded a theoretical standard of antimalarial bioactive compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Chloroform extract of &lt;em&gt;S. costatum&lt;/em&gt; and ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;S. platensis &lt;/em&gt;are promising sources of antimalarial compounds based on the inhibition of PfMQO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1477</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Endang Ariyani Setyowati&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alim Isnansetyo&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Tjut Sugandawaty Djohan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raden Wisnu Nurcahyo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Erwahyuni Endang Prabandari&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Jenderal Soedirman, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Flora, Bulaksumur, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Parasitology,, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jl. Fauna 2, Karangmalang, Yogyakarta 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Biotech Center, Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abreu MM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nobrega P De A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sales PF</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oliveira FRDe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nascimento AA</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial and Antidiarrheal Activities of Methanolic Fruit Peel Extract of Pouteria caimito</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abiu</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiarrheal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sapotaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">944-950</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Pouteria caimito&lt;/em&gt; is a native Amazonian fruit specie, popularly known as &quot;abiu&quot;, that belongs to the Sapotaceae family. It has a wide popular use to relieve diarrhea, cough, fever and inflammation, among other purposes. However, few reports in the scientific literature deal with its phytochemical composition and biological activity. This study aimed to evaluate the antidiarrheal and antimicrobial activity of &lt;em&gt;Pouteria caimito&lt;/em&gt; fruit peel extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated in mice, using modulation models of normal defecation, cathartic agent-induced diarrhea and stimulated intestinal transit. Antimicrobial activity was, in turn, analyzed against strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria (&lt;em&gt;E. coli, S. epidermidis, S. aureus, Klebsiella pneumonie, E. faecalis and Salmonella tiphy&lt;/em&gt;) through the determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) by the microdilution in broth method. Results: This study showed that there was no antidiarrheal activity in the experimental models analyzed and that the methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P. caimito&lt;/em&gt; (MEPC) can positively modulate normal defecation. Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the crude extract and the ethyl acetate fraction presented a satisfactory action against most of the strains evaluated except for &lt;em&gt;Enterococcus faecalis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Salmonella tiphy&lt;/em&gt;. Conclusions: The MEPC did not present any measurable antidiarrheal activity, but more possibly a laxative effect. The extract and acetate fraction showed antimicrobial activity against strains of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The activity of the crude extract was more potent than the results obtained by the use of acetate fractions; the fractions with lower polarity did not present any relevant antimicrobial activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">944</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abreu MM&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nobrega P De A&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sales PF&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Oliveira FRDe&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nascimento AA&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Federal University of Amapá, Postgraduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Federal University of Amapá, Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Quality Control, Bromatology and Microbiology, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camilla Filippi dos Santos Alves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pauline Cordenonsi Bonez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcia de Souza Ebling</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camila Casagrande</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Litiane Freitas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carolina Dolwitsch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fernanda Pires</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Michele Rorato Sagrillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gerson Fernandes de Brum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roberto Christ Vianna Santos</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial, Cyto and Genotoxic Activities of Equisetum hyemale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Equisetum hyemale</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1563-1571</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The popular use of natural products has great benefits for the health of the human population. In this study we highlight &lt;em&gt;Equisetum hyemale&lt;/em&gt;, belonging to the phylum Sphenophyta and the family Equisetaceae. Popularly, the stems of this plant are used for their diuretic, digestive, anti-anemic, and anti-inflammatory properties. Given this context, and the fact that the growth of antimicrobial resistance is a serious problem for global public health, this plant could be used as an alternative, to increase our therapeutic arsenal. Therefore, it is important to more clearly elucidate the complex structures present in plants, because these substances are mainly responsible for their beneficial and/or toxic effects. Thus, the objective of this study was evaluate the antimicrobial activity, cytotoxic and genotoxic potential of the phenolic compounds separately. The substances luteolin, ferulic acid and coumarin were identified at high concentrations by ultra-high performance chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (UPLC-ESI-MS). Antimicrobial activity was elucidated through microdilution in broth; the phenolic compounds were able to inhibit the visible growth of the standard bacterial strains at low concentrations. Cytotoxicity was evaluated by MTT and genotoxicity was analysed through cellular damage using a Comet assay; the results showed that it did not present cytoxicity or genotoxicity at the corresponding concentrations. With this, we suggest that &lt;em&gt;E. hyemale&lt;/em&gt; may be an alternative for the treatment of infections by microorganisms that are resistant to synthetic drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1563</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Camilla Filippi dos Santos Alves&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Pauline Cordenonsi Bonez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Marcia de Souza Ebling&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Camila Casagrande&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Litiane Freitas&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Carolina Dolwitsch&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Fernanda Pires&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Michele Rorato Sagrillo&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Gerson Fernandes de Brum&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marli Matiko Anraku de Campos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roberto Christ Vianna Santos&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Oral Microbiology Research Laboratory, Microbiology and Parasitology Department, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program in Nanoscience, Franciscan University (UFN), Santa Maria, RS, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Cell Culture Laboratory, Universidade Franciscana (UFN), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Renita Dewi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiosteoporosis Effects of 70% Ethanolic Extract Combination of Dayak Onion Bulbs (Eleutherine bulbosa (Mill.) Urb) and Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) on the Hypoestrogen Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiosteoporosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone calcium</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone marrow fat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bone weight</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cowpea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dayak onion bulbs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raloxifene</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632-638</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Cowpea and Dayak onion bulbs extracts were proven to have an effect on bone, cause by the content of daidzein and eleutherinol which has been known to have an affinity to bind with estrogen receptor selectively. The objective of this study to determine the effects of Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea extract combination on the level of bone calcium, bone weight, and the scoring of bone marrow fat in the hypoestrogen rats compared with the single dose of cowpea extract. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study used 32 female, white Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups. The SHAM group was given CMC 0.5%; the negative group was given CMC 0.5%, the positive group was given raloxifene 1.08 mg/200 g BW, cowpea group was given cowpea extract 100 mg/200 BW. The dose variation was given 70% ethanolic extract combination of Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea with four doses variation 36 mg/200 g; 100 mg/200 g BW, 18 mg/200 g; 100 mg/200 g BW, 9 mg/200 g; 100 mg/ 200 g BW, and 4.5 mg/200 g; 100 mg/200 g BW. Ovariectomy was performed on all groups except the SHAM to obtain the condition of hypoestrogen. Four weeks after the surgery, the rats were treated with an oral administration of extract daily for 28 days. Determination of the levels of tibia bone calcium, tibia bone weight, and the scoring of tibia bone marrow fat counted on day 29. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result showed that Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea extract combination were able to elevate the level of bone calcium and bone weight significantly, and reduced the scoring of bone marrow fat higher than a single dose of cowpea extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that Dayak onion bulbs and cowpea extract combination could be developed to be a drug for osteoporosis in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">632</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anton Bahtiar*, Renita Dewi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI, Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kartini Kartini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christina Avanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chutima Phechkrajang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Omboon Vallisuta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, HPTLC Fingerprint and Discriminant Analysis of Plantago major Leaves from Diverse Origins in Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemometrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal medicines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pattern-oriented</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PLSDA</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1483-1489</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Plantago major &lt;/em&gt;L. (&lt;em&gt;Plantaginaceae&lt;/em&gt;) is a perennial herb having contribution to the folk medicine all around the world, including Indonesia with wide geographical distribution. Plant materials origin is one factor that significantly influences the quality of herbal medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this paper, High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) method using pattern-oriented approach has been employed to evaluate the quality of &lt;em&gt;Plantago major&lt;/em&gt; leaves collected from seven origins in Indonesia. To differentiate the antioxidant capacities of those plant materials, the crude extracts were tested using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), total phenolics, and total flavonoids assay methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that radical scavenging activity, total phenolics, and total flavonoids of plant material from seven origins were significantly different. Moreover, HPTLC fingerprints analyzed with chemometrics showed an ability to discriminate the leaves samples from various origins as well as detect chemicals responsible for discrimination. Two models using principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS-DA) were built in chemometrics test. The PCA model was able to describe the studied samples by using four principal components with a value of explained variance of 95%, whereas PLS-DA model accurately classified the leaves samples with prediction ability of 100%. In the PCA, loading plot of the first PC showed that peaks number 10 and 12 are the most important peaks for clustering of the samples. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Plantago major &lt;/em&gt;collected from different origins revealed different radical scavenging activity and concentration of total phenolics as well as total flavonoids. HPTLC fingerprints coupled with chemometrics analysis can be used as an alternative to marker-oriented method for the quality control of &lt;em&gt;Plantago major&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1483</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kartini Kartini&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Christina Avanti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chutima Phechkrajang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Omboon Vallisuta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut Road, Surabaya 60293, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutic, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Surabaya, Raya Kalirungkut Road, Surabaya 60293, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayudhaya Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagarajan Keerthiga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roy Anitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Rajeshkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thangavelu Lakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Cumin Oil Mediated Silver Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AgNP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cumin oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">787-789</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to employ cumin oil in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and check the antioxidant activity of the cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles. &lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The introduction of Nanoparticles (NPs) has revolutionized every field including medicine, nutrition and energy. The use of nanotechnology in medicine especially for drug delivery is shown to have various benefits. Nanoparticles are being used to reduce toxicity and side effects that drugs may impose to the patient. Cumin (&lt;em&gt;Cuminum cyminum&lt;/em&gt;) is a common spice used for its distinct aromatic effect. Plant mediated biological synthesis of nanoparticles has been gaining importance due to its simplicity and eco friendliness. This study therefore was aimed to synthesize cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles and assess its antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles were initially synthesised and characterised by UV-Visible spectrophotometer and TEM. Further the cumin oil mediated AgNPs were subjected to DPPH assay to determine the antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Cumin oil mediated AgNPs were biosynthesised with ease and showed good antioxidant activity compared to standard. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study conclude that cumin seed oil mediated silver nanoparticles have the potential to be used as an effective antioxidant. Hence, it may be employed in large scale production and may be used in many medicinal applications where there is a need for antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Research Study</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">787</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nagarajan Keerthiga, Roy Anitha*, S Rajeshkumar, Thangavelu Lakshmi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karmika Indarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Fitria Apriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Eru Wibowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Partomuan Simanjuntak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract and Various Fractions from Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethyl acetate fraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green tea leaves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">771-776</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Free radicals are one of the causes that can cause premature aging and degenerative disease. To overcome this problem, the body needs antioxidant intake. Green tea (&lt;em&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/em&gt; L.) leaves are one of the plants known as antioxidant agent due to its flavonoids and phenolic compounds or better known as catechin compounds. Catechin is polar flavonoid compounds so it is necessary to separate it from non-polar compounds so their antioxidant activity becomes effective. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of green tea leaves and its fractions namely ethyl acetate and water fraction, and measure the total flavonoid content, total phenolic content and catechin content. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Green tea leaves extracted using maceration method with 96% ethanol. Fractionation was conducted using liquid-liquid extraction using a solvent of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. Screening of flavonoid and phenolic and antioxidant activity was performed against the ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method using ultravioletvisible spectrophotometry with ascorbic acid as standard.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction contains flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction were 9.017; 3.926 and 7.408 μg/mL consecutively. The ethyl acetate fraction also showed better antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid (4.855 μg/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction showed very powerful antioxidant activity but ethyl acetate fraction has the best antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">771</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karmika Indarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Fitria Apriani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agung Eru Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Partomuan Simanjuntak&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Magister of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, South Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Agency for the Assessmenet and Application of Technology (BPPT) Puspiptek Serpong, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enrique Javier Aguilar-Felices</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marta Romero-Viacava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwin Enciso-Roca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Herrera-Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pablo Común-Ventura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luz Chacaltana-Ramos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertha Pari-Olarte</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of the Germinated Seed of Four Varieties of Amaranthus Caudatus L. from Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amaranthus caudatus L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Germinated seeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">588-593</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of four varieties of germinated seeds of Centenario, Cristalino, Oscar Blanco and Taray of &lt;em&gt;Amaranthus caudatus&lt;/em&gt; L. compared to non-germinated seeds. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The determination of total phenols was carried out by using Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoids by the method of aluminum chloride and the antioxidant activity by the methods of DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Cristalino variety had the highest germination (3.0 cm of height) and all varieties had a 50% germination rate. Cristalino and Taray varieties had the highest content of total phenolics (GAE 32.92 and 35.00 mg/g sample), Cristalino variety had higher content of flavonoids (580.95 mg QE/g) (P &amp;lt; 0.05); Cristalino and Taray varieties showed greater scavenging activity of DPPH radical (151.85 and 151.38 mg TE/g sample), ABTS (178.09 and 180.18 mg TE/g sample); and reducing capacity of the ferric ion (FRAP) (132.75 and 136.42 mg TE/g of sample). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Sprouts of Cristalino and Taray varieties had higher antioxidant activity than non-germinated seeds and they are directly related to higher content of total phenols and flavonoids.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">588</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enrique Javier Aguilar- Felices&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marta Romero- Viacava&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Edwin Enciso-Roca&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Oscar Herrera-Calderon&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;*, Pablo Común-Ventura&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Yuli-Posadas&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Luz Chacaltana-Ramos&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Bertha Pari-Olarte&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Continental, Huancayo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Milena Aguiar Braga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amanda Ribeiro de</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greyce Luri Sasahara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thiago Dias de Vasconcelos Araújo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gilvandete</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria Pinheiro Santiago</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leôncio Mesquita de Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jarbas Lima de Carvalho</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">do Nascimento</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aparecida Tiemi Nagao-Dias</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Bauhinia ungulata L. (Fabaceae) on LPS-Stimulated RAW 264.7 Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauhinia ungulata; RAW 264.7 cells; Lipopolysaccharide; Free radicals; Antioxidant activity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to investigate the antioxidant, immunomodulatory and antimicrobial activities of &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; L.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; A flavonoid-rich fraction was obtained from the &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; L stem, called the ethyl acetate fraction of &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia ungulata&lt;/em&gt; (FABU). The total antioxidant capacity of the FABU was determined through the phosphomolibdenium reduction method. For the evaluation of its antioxidant activity on a cell culture model, LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells were treated with different concentrations of FABU and the reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen peroxide (H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) production levels were measured. For the analysis of its immunomodulatory capacity, TNF-α, TGF-β and IL-10 levels were determined in the culture supernatant. In order to determinate the antimicrobial activity of FABU, antifungal and antibacterial susceptibility testing was performed against &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt;, methicillinsensitive &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus,&lt;/em&gt; methicillin-resistant &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; strains. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The FABU demonstrated neither significant antimicrobial activity nor immunodulatory capacity; on the other hand, its potential antioxidant activity was demonstrated by the phosphomolibdenium reduction assay. Also, FABU treatment inhibited the ROS, NO, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and TBARS levels in the supernatant of LPS-stimulated cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; A significant reduction in the amount of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) was observed, in addition to lipid peroxidation inhibition. Our data suggest that the FABU is a natural antioxidant complex that may interfere in the cascade of cell damage caused by free radicals and a promising potential drug in chronic disease models in which immunopathogenicity involves high levels of RONS.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">37</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raphael de Oliveira Rodrigues&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Juliana Navarro Ueda Yaochite&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Milena Aguiar Braga&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amanda Ribeiro de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Greyce Luri Sasahara&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Said Gonçalves da Cruz Fonseca&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Thiago Dias de Vasconcelos Araújo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gilvandete Maria Pinheiro Santiago&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Leôncio Mesquita de Sousa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jarbas Lima de Carvalho&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Francisca Bruna Stefany Aires do Nascimento&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Hélio Vitoriano Nobre Júnior&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aparecida Tiemi Nagao-Dias&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Analysis and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Rua Capitao Francisco Pedro 1210, 60430-370 Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Rua Capitao Francisco Pedro 1210, 60430-370 Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry, Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Ceara (UFC), Campus do Pici 12.200, 60021-940, Fortaleza, CE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dawa Lhendup Lepcha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abhijit Chhetri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhani Raj Chhetri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Attributes of Paris polyphylla Smith from Sikkim Himalaya</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paris polyphylla</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikkim Himalaya</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">705-711</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Paris polyphylla &lt;/em&gt;Smith is a high value medicinal plant available in Sikkim Himalaya which is well known in local traditional medicine system. Scientific study to ascertain its claimed biological activity is lacking. The objective of this work was to determine the antioxidant and anticancer activity of &lt;em&gt;Paris polyphylla&lt;/em&gt; rhizomes. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytochemical analysis were carried out by standard methods. Antioxidant activity of the methanolic extract was carried out by DPPH, ABTS, OH-radical and Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt;chelating activity assays. Cytotoxicity of the extract was determined by MTT assay on three cancer cell lines: HeLa, HepG2 and PC3. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Of the &lt;em&gt;P. polyphylla&lt;/em&gt; from two altitudinal zones, &lt;em&gt;P. polyphylla&lt;/em&gt; from Tholung (PPT), the one from the higher altitude showed higher total phenolic contents in methanolic extracts of rhizomes as compraed to that from the lower altitude i.e., &lt;em&gt;P. polyphylla&lt;/em&gt; from Uttaray (PPU). PPT also showed a higher content of total falvonoid and total flavonols. Both types of plant were excellent scavenger of DPPH and ABTS radical and Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; chelator. A trend of a relatively greater antioxidant activity of PPT was established through these assay methods. In MTT assay, both the extract showed significant dose-dependent inhibition of HeLa cell growth after 72 hrs of treatment, while the extract had a moderately positive effect on the inhibition of PC3 and HepG2 cells growth.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The study suggested a strong antioxidant activity and appreciable cytotoxic activity of&lt;em&gt; P. polyphylla &lt;/em&gt;from Sikkim Himalaya. Of the two varieties, PPT was more pronounced in both type of activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">705</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dawa Lhendup Lepcha, Abhijit Chhetri, Dhani Raj Chhetri* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Botany, Sikkim University, 6&lt;sup&gt;th &lt;/sup&gt;Mile-Samdur, P.O. Tadong, Gangtok, Sikkim -737102, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diani Mega Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effionora Anwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurjanah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayun Erwina Arifianti</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Tyrosinase Inhibitor Activities of Ethanol Extracts of Brown Seaweed (Turbinaria conoides) as Lightening Ingredient</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lightening agent</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phloroglucinol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Turbinaria conoides</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">379-382</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Turbinaria conoides&lt;/em&gt; is one of abundant brown macroalgae in Indonesian oceans contains phenolic derivatives. Phloroglucinol is a multifunctional phenolic derivative in brown algae. Phloroglucinol has been known to have activity inhibitor tyrosinase, because phloroglucinol is copper chelating agent. The antioxidant and the tyrosinase inhibitor activities are parameters of the skin lightening active ingredient. The mechanism of tyrosinase inhibitors is to decrease skin pigmentation by inhibit the catalytic steps of the enzyme to the pigmentation associated with melanin production in the pathway of melanogenesis. Antioxidant activity protects skin against oxidative stress mediated by UVR. Numerous report have determine phenolic compound of &lt;em&gt;T. conoides&lt;/em&gt; as antioxidant but none is reported as tyrosinase inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study is to determine the activities of &lt;em&gt;T. conoides&lt;/em&gt; as antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Turbinaria conoides&lt;/em&gt; were extracted with ethanol with different concentration (30%, 50% and 70%) by maceration method. Crude ethanolic extracts of&lt;em&gt; T. conoides&lt;/em&gt; were determined its total phenolic content, antioxidant activity (DPPH) and tyrosinase inhibitor. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; E50 showed the highest total phenolic content (27.63±1.05 mg PGE/g extract). Antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor activities of E50 showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 215.96 μg/mL and 188.85 μg/mL, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanol extract of&lt;em&gt; Turbinaria conoides&lt;/em&gt; is potential as antioxidant agent and tyrosinase inhibitor.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">379</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diani Mega Sari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Effionora Anwar&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurjanah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ayun Erwina Arifianti&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Student at Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Department of Aquatic Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Master at Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonam Chorol</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Content in Different Parts of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) from Cold Arid Ladakh region of Trans- Himalaya (Jammu and Kashmir)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heirloom</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raphanus sativus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root vegetable</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1064-1070</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Raphanus sativus&lt;/em&gt; (radish) which is consuming in Ladakh from many decades coming as one of the heirloom root vegetables. It is consumed mostly during winter where there is scarcity of vegetables due to prolong cut off from the rest of the world. The aim of this study was done to investigate the phenolic and antioxidant profile in different parts of radish (root. leaf, peel and seed). The aerial part leaves and peel of root of &lt;em&gt;Raphanus sativus &lt;/em&gt;L. are always discarded which possess the potent antioxidant properties. The combine (Methanolic and acetone) extract of radish- Sprout was showing the maximum TPC in all the three radish cultivars of &lt;em&gt;Gya Labuk&lt;/em&gt;- 34.5 ± 4.9 mgGAE/g DW, &lt;em&gt;Tsentay Labuk&lt;/em&gt;- 38.5 ± 6.3 mgGAE/g DW and Pusa Himani- 39.4 ± 2.6 mgGAE/g DW) minimum values was for the peel (&lt;em&gt;Gya Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-1.7 ± 0.1 mgGAE/g DW, &lt;em&gt;Tsenaty Labuk&lt;/em&gt;- 1.8 ± 0.1 mg GAE/g DW and Pusa Himani-1.9 ± 0.3 mgGAE/g DW statistically significant at p˂0.05. FRAP- The maximum values were for the leaf of &lt;em&gt;Gya Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-50.1 ± 6.1 9 FeSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.7 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O mmol/g, &lt;em&gt;Tsentay Labuk&lt;/em&gt;- 61.5 ± 5.8 FeSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.7 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O mmol/g and Pusa Himani- 8.2 ± 0.0 FeSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.7 H2O mmol/g and minimum values were for the peel of &lt;em&gt;Gya Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-2.8 ± 0.9 FeSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.7 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O mmol/g, &lt;em&gt;Tsentay Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-2.9 ± 1.5 FeSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.7 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O mmol/g, Pusa Himani-0.6 ± 0.2 FeSO&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;.7 H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O mmol/g statistically significant at p˂0.05 and in case of DPPH maximum values were for leaf of &lt;em&gt;Gya Labuk&lt;/em&gt;- 2.10 ± 0.16 DPPH mg/ml, &lt;em&gt;Tsentay Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-1.77 ± 0.09 DPPH mg/ml, Pusa Himani- 0.25 ± 0.04 DPPH mg/ml and minimum values were for the peel of &lt;em&gt;Gya Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-0.06 ± 0.01 DPPH mg/ml, &lt;em&gt;Tsentay Labuk&lt;/em&gt;-0.06 ± 0.03 DPPH mg/ml, Pusa Himani-0.02 ± 0.01 DPPH mg/ml statistically significant at p˂0.05. Epidemiological evidence suggests that consumption of vegetables can prevent degenerative diseases caused by oxidative stress. Considering the less data available on antioxidant activity of roots vegetables consumed in area where there is very less production of vegetables due to harsh climatic condition that prevail in the high mountain area such as Ladakh mostly root vegetables are consumed during the winter season as there used to be no vegetables outside only those vegetables having long shelf life is consumed during winter like radish, turnip, carrot, swede, cabbage, etc. Hence leaves and peel which were often discarded possessed a considerable amount of antioxidant and phenolic and can be used as an ingredient in foods.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1064</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sonam Chorol&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;DIHAR, DRDO, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yusnaidar Yusnaidar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilda Syahri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riski Dwimalida Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andita Utami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreas Yoga Aditama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josephine Elizabeth Siregar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial Activity of Ethanolic Extract of Macaranga Gigantea Leaf and Its Major Constituent</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ex vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macaranga gigantea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium berghei</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1181-1188</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;This research main goal is to study the antiplasmodial activity of &lt;em&gt;Macaranga gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaf ethanolic extract and its major components on malaria parasites using &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt; model. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was conducted by extraction of&lt;em&gt; M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves using ethanol and isolation of its major constituent. The extract and isolate were tested &lt;em&gt;ex vivo &lt;/em&gt;on Balb-C mice’s blood after i.p. administration of &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;strain ANKA. Antiplasmodial activity was observed from mice blood treated by various concentration of either extract or isolate and the parasitaemia percentage were determined by calculating infected blood cell after 24 h of the treatment. It is expressed as decreased of parasitaemia levels and percent of inhibition. Qualitative analysis of active fraction were tested by HPLC method. Chemical structure of isolate were characterized by using UV, IR,&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;H-NMR,&lt;sup&gt; 13&lt;/sup&gt;C-NMR and MS spectrophotometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ex vivo &lt;/em&gt;antiplasmodial study gave the percent inhibition as much as 92.1; 85.7; 64.1; 41.5 and 21.7% at extract concentrations of 300, 100, 30, 10 and 3 μg/ mL respectively. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of the extract was 27.1 μg/ml. With respect to the percent of inhibition, at the same concentration, the isolate showed activity as much as 70.2; 62.5; 39.1; 21.7 and 10.8%. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of the isolate was 60.2 μg/ml. At the same concentration with extract and Isolate, Pyrimethamine as positive control gave percent inhibition of 94; 87.5; 44.8; 15.; and 12%, with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 31.4 μg/ml. The results showed that major constituent of &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves is flavonoid. HPLC analysis using a photo diode-array detector showed that the active fraction have same retention time with that of apigenin as standard. Based on instrumental analysis data and compared with literature, a flavonoid derivate known as apigenin can be said has been isolated.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It can be concluded that either &lt;em&gt;M. gigantea&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract or isolated active constituent known as apigenin have potent antiplasmodial property.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1181</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhaimin Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Yusnaidar Yusnaidar&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilda Syahri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riski Dwimalida Putri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Andita Utami&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andreas Yoga Aditama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Josephine Elizabeth Siregar&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Mitochondria and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhaimin Muhaimin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madyawati Latief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Riski Dwimalida Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andreas Yoga Aditama</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Normalita Eka Pravitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Josephine Elizabeth Siregar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiplasmodial Activity of Methanolic Leaf Extract of Mangrove Plants against Plasmodium berghei</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ex vivo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangrove</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium berghei</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonneratia alba</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929-935</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; A mosquito-borne disease infected by &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium&lt;/em&gt; is named as Malaria. Some drugs subjected to be active againts protozoans has developed resistance. It is very urgent to find alternative sources of new antimalarial agent. The main aim of this research was to study the activity of methanolic extracts of the leaf from mangrove plants on &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei&lt;/em&gt; by using &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt; model. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Screening of antiplasmodial activity from methanolic leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia alba&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Acanthus ilicifolius&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; against &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;was carried out in this study. Antiplasmodial study was subjected &lt;em&gt;ex vivo&lt;/em&gt; against &lt;em&gt;P. berghei &lt;/em&gt;strain ANKA infected into Balb-C mice. Calculation of the percentage of parasitemia after 24 h observed in the model and a decrease in parasitemia level and inhibitory propagation were defined as the results. Results: Potential antiplasmodial activity shown by a decrease in parasitemia level and high inhibitory percentage was revealed by &lt;em&gt;S. alba&lt;/em&gt; leaf methanolic extract at concentrations of 300, 100, 30, 10 and 3 μg/mL which provide the inhibition percentage of 95.5; 92,9; 78.7; 42.7 and 18.8%, respectively. Antiplasmodial activity can also be identified by the life cycle inhibition of &lt;em&gt;plasmodium&lt;/em&gt;. Methanolic leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;S. alba&lt;/em&gt; showed inhibition activity in the development of ring stage at minimum extract concentration of 300 μg/mL. At lower concentrations, trophozoites and schizones persisted with defects in morphological conditions. Moreover, Antiplasmodial activity of methanolic extracts of S. alba leaf was better than methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;A. Ilicifolius&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; leaf. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of this study indicated that among the mangrove plants have been studied, &lt;em&gt;S. alba&lt;/em&gt; mangrove exhibited the highest antisplasmodial activity which moreover assumed as a potential source for natural antimalarial drug candidate.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">929</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhaimin Muhaimin&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Madyawati Latief&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Riski Dwimalida Putri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anis Yohana Chaerunisaa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Andreas Yoga Aditama&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Normalita Eka Pravitasari&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Josephine Elizabeth Siregar&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry Education, Faculty of Education, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361 INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Jambi, Jambi, 36361, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Padjadjaran University, Jatinangor, 45363, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Mitochondria and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology, Jakarta, 10430, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Namrita Lall</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marco Nuno De Canha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karina Szuman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zoubida Charrouf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lester M. Davids</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunelle Rademan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Anti-proliferative and Anti-bacterial Activity of Argan oil and Crude Saponin Extract from Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acne</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Broth microdilution method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cutibacterium acnes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prevotella intermedia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XTT assay</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26-31</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Argan oil is a well-known cosmeceutical that is commercially available. It is traditionally used for the treatment of acne and skin inflammation among others. The objective of this study was to assess the anti-proliferative and antibacterial activities of argan oil and a crude saponin extract from the argan tree (&lt;em&gt;Argania spinosa&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Skeels) that is endemic to Morocco. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The anti-proliferative activity of argan oil and the crude saponin extract was assessed by the 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium- 5-carboxanilide (XTT) assay on A431; HaCat; HeLa; MCF-7 and UCT-Mel 1 cells. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by the broth microdilution method against two species of bacteria: &lt;em&gt;Cutibacterium acnes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Prevotella&lt;/em&gt; intermedia. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study indicated that the argan oil sample did not inhibit the cell growth of the specified cell lines up to 1000μg/ml, while the crude saponin extract had low anti-proliferative activity. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for both the argan oil and the crude saponin extract were found to be 500μg/ml against Cutibacterium acnes. No antibacterial activity from the argan oil or the crude saponin extract was evident against Prevotella intermedia up to a concentration of 12.5mg/ml.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of this study indicated that argan oil and the crude saponin extract might have direct inhibitory effects on the growth and proliferation of Cutibacterium acnes. This finding supports the use argan oil as a treatment for acne vulgaris.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Namrita Lall&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marco De Canha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Karina Szuman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zoubida Charrouf&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Lester M. Davids&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunelle Rademan&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria- 0002, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Plant Chemistry, Université MohammedV‐Agdal, Rabat, Morocco, NORTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Bio-Skin Laboratory, Department of Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, 7535, Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, 9301, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuriza Ulul Azmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astari Rachma Nityasa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic Effect of Mucuna pruriens L. and Coriandrum sativum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bleeding time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">collagen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coriandrum sativum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mucuna pruriens L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival rate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">413-417</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Mucuna pruriens&lt;/em&gt; (MP) L. and Coriandrum sativum (CS) have been found for in vitro antithrombotic activity. However, the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; studies for both plants have not been discovered yet. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the study is to prove the efficacy of MP L. and CS by conducting &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antithrombotic activity test with bleeding time and survival rate as the parameters. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; MP and CS extracts with three different doses were given orally to the experimental animals for 7 days. Aspirin was used as a positive control. The bleeding time was observed on mice tail that had been cut, and the survival rate was determined by inducing thrombosis with collagen–epinephrine injection. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Seven-day treatment of plant extracts significantly prolonged the bleeding time of the treated group compared to the normal control group. The result demonstrated the increasing number of survived animals in the treated group compared to the negative control group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Both extracts had shown antithrombotic activity by significantly prolonged the bleeding time and increased the survival rate.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">213</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nuriza Ulul Azmi, Astari Rachma Nityasa, Fadlina Chany Saputri &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godishala Shirisha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kiranmai Mandava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Uma Rajeswari Batchu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kesava Rao Thammana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijaya Laxmi Turpu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antitumor and Antioxidant Effects of Flavonoid Fraction of Citrus sinensis peel Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dalton lymphoma ascites</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethidium bromide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methotrexate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orange peel flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tryphan blue</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57-63</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and globally the numbers of cases of cancer are increasing gradually. However, surgeries, chemotherapies have become safer, but these treatments have debilitating side effects. Flavonoids present in the human diet comprise many polyphenolic secondary metabolites with broad-spectrum pharmacological activities including their potential role as anti-cancer agents. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the present study was to extract, orange peel flavonoids (Orange Peel Extract) and to screen anticancer potential of OPF. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study tryphan blue dye exclusion, clonogenic assay and nuclear damage studies by ethidium bromide staining were performed to estimate &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antitumor properties of Orange Peel Extract and subsequently &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; studies also performed using the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) tumor model in Swiss albino mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; In vitro&lt;/em&gt; studies revealed the moderate toxicity, high regenerative capacity of Orange Peel Extract and also showed changes in nuclear morphology similar to that of apoptotic cells which is one of the important aspect of an anticancer drug. &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; studies confirmed the anticancer activity of Orange Peel Extract and has increased the average life span of treated animals and restored the antioxidant enzyme levels and hematological parameters to normal which was comparable to that of standard methotrexate. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Overall, these findings have proved that out of the two doses (50mg/kg bw and 200mg/kg bw) employed for the study lower dose (50mg/kg) was found to be more effective than higher dose (200mg/ kg). Hence flavonoid fraction of orange peels can be the better alternative to treat cancer.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">57</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Godishala Shirisha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kiranmai Mandava&lt;sup&gt;*2&lt;/sup&gt;, Uma Rajeswari Batchu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kesava Rao Thammana&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vijaya Laxmi Turpu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, JSS College of Pharmacy, Ootacamund Tamil nadu 643001, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Bharat Institute of Technology, Ranga Reddy District, Telangana 501510, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasmita Jena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durga Madhab Kar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diptirani Rath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaushik Sur Roy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goutam Ghosh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiulcer Property of Mussaenda philippica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-secretory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastric volume</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mussaenda philippica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pylorus ligation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">603-607</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Mussaenda philippica &lt;/em&gt;(Rubiaceae) is a shrub distributed in all the planes of India, Philippines and South-East Asia. Its synonyms are &lt;em&gt;M. grandiflora, M. acutifolia, M. frondosa&lt;/em&gt; etc. The plant is preferred as medication for the treatment of jaundice, dysentery, stomachache and influenza. The current study was based on the evaluation of antiulcer property of &lt;em&gt;M. philippica &lt;/em&gt;leaves extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The methods used were pylorus ligated, ethanol induced and 0.2(M) NaOH induced ulcer in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In pylorus ligation model, aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) produced a substantial reduction in ulcer index followed by decrease in gastric volume, total acidity associated with a raise in pH, which, confirmed that tested extract of the plant act by altering the mucosal barrier Thus, the gastro protective effect of this extract may be due to the presence of flavonoid in the plant. In the same way, aqueous extract of the plant showed significant effect against ethanol induced gastric ulcer in rat as compared to methanol-treated group, which, may be due to leukotriene antagonistic effect or the inhibition of 5-lipooxygenase pathway. In NaOH induced ulcer model, aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;M. philippica &lt;/em&gt;revealed significant antiulcer effects on the basis of pH effect and ulcer index in rats. The anti-ulcerogenic and anti-secretory effect of the tested &lt;em&gt;M. philippica&lt;/em&gt; leaves extracts point out its possible cyto-protective effect. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;M. philippica &lt;/em&gt;leaves possess potential antiulcer activity in experimental rat models.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">603</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rasmita Jena*, Durga Madhab Kar, Diptirani Rath, Kaushik Sur Roy, Goutam Ghosh &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, S ‘O’ A Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha– 751003, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Henny Lucida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poppy Agustin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suhatri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Assay of Quercetin Solid Dispersion as a Potential Nephronprotector in Acute Renal Failure Induced Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute renal failure mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nephron-protector</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solid dispersion</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">907-912</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Quercetin has been used with other nutraceutical components to improve renal function. Its potential to be developed as an active pharmaceutical ingredient, however, is limited by poor aqueous solubility and low rate of dissolution leading to low bioavailability in rats (&amp;lt; 17%) and in human (1%). Solid dispersion of quercetin with PVP K30 has increased its solubility 13.24 times and the amount dissolved (95.12 ± 1.83%) in comparison to pure quercetin. This study aimed to determine the nephron-protection effect of the solid dispersion on Acute Renal Failure (ARF) mice. The animals were divided into 6 groups, normal mice as a negative control group (G1), ARF induced mice as a positive control group (G2), ARF induced mice given pure quercetin 50 mg/kg BW (G3), ARF induced mice given solid dispersion containing 10 mg/ kg BW (G4), 5 mg/kg BW (G5) and 2.5 mg/kg BW (G6) quercetin respectively. The ARF was induced by injection of gentamycin sulphate 100 mg/kg BW for 7 days consecutively. Renal function was monitored by measuring the serum creatinine at day 8&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;. The protection effect was also observed from the histopathology score of the nephrons. Results showed that ARF induction increased serum creatinine above normal. Solid dispersion doses variations significantly influence the serum creatinine (p &amp;lt; 0.05). The stage of renal impairment based on histopathology score was significantly influenced by the doses of quercetin in solid dispersion (p &amp;lt; 0.05). It was concluded that solid dispersion containing quercetin at doses 2.5 and 5.0 mg/ kg BW respectively did not effective as a nephron-protector. The solid dispersion containing quercetin 10.0 mg/kg BW was effective to reduce the serum creatinine and showed a nephronprotection effect on the ARF induced mice.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">907</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Henny Lucida&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Poppy Agustin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suhatri&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Andalas, Kampus Limau Manih, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Andalas, Kampus Limau Manih, Padang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susha Antony</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunnambath Krishna Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jalaja Sudhi Menon</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Phyto-Constituents by GC-MS and Anti-Tumour Activity of Garlic Grown in Different Altitude: A Comparative Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-tumour</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garlic oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyto-constituents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">350-354</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Garlic (&lt;em&gt;Allium sativum&lt;/em&gt; L.) is most important spice containing highest sources of total phenolic compounds. It has been used as a component of traditional and modern medicine. Pharmacological properties of garlic is mainly depend on its phyto-constituents content, which varies between geographical regions. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the phyto-constituents content of garlic sample collected from high ranges of Idukki (Kanthallur) with that of Tamil Nadu (Mettupalayam market) garlic sample. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; garlic clove sample were collected from high ranges of kanthallur region (GSK) and Mettupalayam region (GSM). The garlic oil was extracted from the collected garlic sample by solvent extraction method. The phytochemical study of extracted garlic oil were conducted using standard methods of analysis and subjected GC-MS analysis. Further, the extracted oil samples were studied for their anti-tumour activity against Dalton Lymphoma Cell Lines (DLA) in an &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; model. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The obtained results revealed that garlic oil of GSK showed highest percentage of yield of oil (1.1%) than garlic oil of GSM (0.6%). The phytochemical screening of GSK indicated the presence of alkaloids and flavonoid, whereas GSM showed presence of alkaloids only. GC-MS analysis of garlic oil study indicated that garlic oil of GSK was found to have eugenol as a novel source compared with garlic oil of GSM. Garlic oil of GSK showed significant anti-tumour activity against DLA cells, compared with garlic oil of GSM.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Garlic oil of GSK exhibited potential anti-tumour activity against DLA cells due to presence of eugenol compound as novel source.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">350</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Susha Antony&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kunnambath Krishna Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1,2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Jalaja Sudhi Menon&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, St James College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chalakudy, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;St James Hospital Trust Pharmaceutical Research Centre (DSIR Recognized), Chalakudy, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Kerala Agriculture University, College of horticulture, Vellanikkara, Trissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Herrera-Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kainat Ejaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahnoor Wajid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muzzamil Shehzad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Johnny Aldo Tinco-Jayo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwin Enciso-Roca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">César Franco-Quino</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Victor Chumpitaz-Cerrate</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica: Antibacterial Activity of Neem Against Different Strains of Bacteria and their Active Constituents as Preventive in Various Diseases</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azadirachta indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural antibiotics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Natural products</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1597-1604</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Neem has become valuable plant in the world which shows the solutions for hundreds to thousands problems. &lt;em&gt;Azadirachta indica&lt;/em&gt; (Neem) is a rapidly growing evergreen well known tree found Pada generally in various regions of world like America, Africa and India. It has been widely used in Chinese, Ayurveda and Unani medicines across the world especially in Asians countries for the prevention and treatment of diseases. The different parts of neem plant contain biological compounds responsible for antibacterial, antiviral and antifungal activities. It is considered as safe medicinal plants and modulates the numerous biological processes without any adverse effect. Neem tree produces some active compounds which contain biological activities, parts of neem tree such as Root, bark, leaf, flower, seed and fruit together possesses biological activities. Various compounds have been obtained from various parts of neem. Biological activities of few of them have been studied. Hence, the article is aims to utilize the medicinal properties of whole neem plant in various disorders of mankind.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1597</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oscar Herrera-Calderon&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Kainat Ejaz&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahnoor Wajid&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muzzamil Shehzad&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Johnny Aldo Tinco- Jayo&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Edwin Enciso-Roca&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Cesar Franco-Quino&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Victor Chumpitaz-Cerrate&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Sardar Bahadur Khan Women’s University, Balochistan, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, University of Central Punjab, Lahore, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Faisalabad Institute of Research Science and Technology, Faisalabad, PAKISTAN.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;School of Public Health and Administration, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Continental, Huancayo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tri Rini Nuringtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accumulation of Potential Photo-Protective Compound Groups in Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler.) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photo-protective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/527</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">576-580</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the accumulation of potential photo-protective compound groups, include phenol, flavonoid, and tannin in the leaf tissues of &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The research used &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler leaves as materials. The total of compound groups and photo-protective ability level of each tissue was measured using spectrophotometry, while detection of compound group accumulations in the leaf tissue were observed using histochemical assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Epidermis extract contained the highest content of total phenolic compounds (phenol, flavonoid, and tannin), followed by those of mesophyll and whole leaf. Moreover, Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of epidermis was also higher than those of mesophyll and whole leaf, considering that there were no significant difference of SPF value between mesophyll and whole leaf. Result of histochemical assay of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; fresh leaf sections showed that phenol, flavonoid, and tannin were highly accumulated in the epidermis and some parts of mesophyll. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Potential photo-protective compound groups of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; leaves were accumulated in epidermis and mesophyll. However, epidermis showed the highest level of potential photo-protective compound groups than those of other tissues. Photo-protective ability of epidermis also showed higher value than those of mesophyll.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">576</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah, Tri Rini Nuringtyas, Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tri Rini Nuringtyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Accumulation of Potential Photo-Protective Compound Groups in Mangrove (Sonneratia caseolaris (l.) Engler.) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leaf anatomy.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photo-protective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolite</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sonneratia caseolaris (L.) Engler</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SPF</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX-XX</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To analyze the accumulation of potential photo-protective compound groups, include phenol, flavonoid, and tannin in the leaf tissues of &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The research used &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler leaves as materials. The total of compound groups and photo-protective ability level of each tissue was measured using spectrophotometry, while detection of compound group accumulations in the leaf tissue were observed using histochemical assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Epidermis extract contained the highest content of total phenolic compounds (phenol, flavonoid, and tannin), followed by those of mesophyll and whole leaf. Moreover, Sun Protection Factor (SPF) value of epidermis was also higher than those of mesophyll and whole leaf, considering that there were no significant difference of SPF value between mesophyll and whole leaf. Result of histochemical assay of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; fresh leaf sections showed that phenol, flavonoid, and tannin were highly accumulated in the epidermis and some parts of mesophyll. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Potential photo-protective compound groups of &lt;em&gt;S. caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; leaves were accumulated in epidermis and mesophyll. However, epidermis showed the highest level of potential photo-protective compound groups than those of other tissues. Photo-protective ability of epidermis also showed higher value than those of mesophyll.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sonneratia caseolaris&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Engler, Secondary metabolite, Photo-protective, SPF, Leaf anatomy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Haviah Hafidhotul Ilmiah, Tri Rini Nuringtyas, Laurentius Hartanto Nugroho&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Biology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Jalan Teknika Selatan, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, 55281, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azlini Ismail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurul Syahida Ramli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahaneem Mohamed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Sub-Acute Antihypertensive Effects of Syzygium polyanthum Leaf Extracts with Determination of Gallic Acid using HPLC Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihypertensive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gallic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syzygium polyanthum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/647</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">663-671</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Aqueous decoction of &lt;em&gt;Syzygium polyanthum&lt;/em&gt; (ADSP) leaf is one of Malay traditionalremedial- preparations for hypertension. Intravenous ADSP reduced blood pressure of anesthetized Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) and Spontaneously-Hypertensive rats (SHR); however, acute and sub-acute effects of oral ADSP on conscious rats and its bioactive compound(s) are not comprehensively studied. This study aims to examine the acute and sub-acute effects of ADSP in comparison to methanol extract (MESP) on systolic blood pressure (SBP) of conscious WKY and SHR rats, as well as to identify their major phenolic-compound using highperformance- liquid-chromatography (HPLC). &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; For acute study, SHR and WKY rats were gavaged with single-dose of ADSP or MESP (2.00, 2.50 or 3.00 g/kg), vehicles, or losartan (0.01 g/kg). SBP was measured after 1, 3, 5, 6 and 24 hr-post-administration. For subacute experiment, SHR rats were gavaged once-daily with ADSP or MESP (2.50 g/kg/day), vehicles, or losartan (0.01 g/kg/day) for 3-week and their SBP was weekly-measured. Phenolic compounds were screened using ferric-chloride test, then gallic acid was determined using HPLC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Acute administration of ADSP (2.50 to 3.00 g/kg) and MESP (2.00 to 3.00 g/ kg) significantly reduced SBP of SHR, but not of WKY rats. Repeated-daily-dose administration of MESP (2.5 g/kg/day) significantly reduced SBP of SHR after 2-week and sustained until 3-week, while ADSP (2.5 g/kg/day) significantly reduced SBP only after 3-week. Gallic acid was the major phenolic-compound in ADSP (157.09 &amp;plusmn; 4.18 ppm) and MESP (134.04 &amp;plusmn; 10.30 ppm). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral ADSP and MESP that contain gallic acid possess acute and sub-acute antihypertensive effects in SHR, but MESP&amp;rsquo;s effect was more prominent than ADSP&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">663</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Azlini Ismail&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurul Syahida Ramli&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahaneem Mohamed&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Wan Amir Nizam Wan Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Dentistry, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan Campus, Indera Mahkota, Kuantan, Pahang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedicine Program, School of Health Sciences, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, School of Medical Sciences, Health Campus, University Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salah Eddine Marref</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Naima Benkiki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Akram Melakhessou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumia Bouzidi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute Toxicity, Anti-ulcer and Anti-inflammatory Effects of Methanol Extract of Gladiolus segetum in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiulcer genic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gastric ulcer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gladiolus segetum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/665</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">758-762</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; anti-ulcer and anti-inflammatory activities of methanol extract of the aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; First methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt; was subjected to the acute oral toxicity test according to the OECD, guideline no 423.The anti-ulcer activity of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt; was investigated by ethanol induced gastric ulcer in Wistar rats. Methanol extract was administered by gavage one hour before ethanol to the different groups at a dose corresponding of 100,250 and 500 mg/kg body weight. The control group received normal saline in comparable volume (10ml/kg body weight) by the same route. The anti-inflammatory activity of the tested extract was evaluated in adult wistar rats by the egg albumin induced paw edema method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A significant reduction (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt; &amp;lt;0.001) was observed in the results of the present study, revealed that methanol extract possessed gastroprotective activity and exerts a topical anti-inflammatory effect &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results suggest that methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Gladiolus segetum&lt;/em&gt; may represent an important clinical alternative in anti-inflammatory and antiulcer genic therapeutics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">758</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Salah Eddine Marref*, Naima Benkiki, Mohamed Akram Melakhessou, Soumia Bouzidi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Mol&amp;eacute;cules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire. Universit&amp;eacute; de Batna-2, 05000, ALG&amp;Eacute;RIE.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BM Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KK Mueen Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SM Dhawan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ritu Gupta</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aloe Vera (Medicinal Plant) Research: A Scientometric Assessment of Global Publications Output during 2007-16</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aloe vera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bibliometrics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Global research output</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scientometrics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/356</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The paper examines 1988 global publications on Aloe Vera research, as covered in Scopus database during 2007-16. The Aloe Vera research registered 3.91% growth and averaged its citation impact to 9.57 citations per paper. The top 12 most productive countries individually contributed global share 5.36% to 52.17%. India accounted for the largest global publication share (32.55%), followed by USA (11.52%), Iran (8.15%), China (4.63%) etc. Together, the top 12 countries accounted for 79.18% global publications share and 84.94% global citation share during 2007-16. Seven of top 12 countries scored relative citation index above the world average i.e. 1.04: U.K. (1.82), Thailand and USA (1.63 each), Spain (1.23), Pakistan and China (1.15 each) and Italy (1.12) during 2007-16. The country share of international collaborative publications across top 12 most productive countries varied from 5.36% to 52.17%, in Aloe Vera research during 2007-16. Medicine, among other subjects, accounted for the highest publications share (40.90%), followed by pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (35.16%), agricultural and biological sciences (23.09%), biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (20.27%), chemistry (7.90%), immunology and microbiology (6.24%) and engineering (5.38) during 2007-16. The top 20 most productive research organizations and the authors collectively contributed 11.47% and 8.55% respectively global publication share and 12.87% and13.82% respectively global citation share during 2007-16. The journals medium accounted for the largest 79.08% global share with top 15 journals accounting for just 16.01% of total output that was reported in journals during 2007-16. Only 18 papers in Aloe Vera research registered 100 plus citations between 104 to 242 citations per paper, and together these papers cumulated 2656 citations, averaging to 147.55 citations per paper. These 18 highly cited papers involved the participation of 66 authors and 41 organizations and were published in 15 journals.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Invited Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BM Gupta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, KK Mueen Ahmed&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, SM Dhawan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ritu Gupta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;1173 Sector 15, Panchkula 134 113, Haryana, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Phcog.Net and SciBiolMed. Org, Bengaluru, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;114 Dayanand Vihar, Delhi-110092, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;1K/A Arjun Nagar, Safdarjang Enclave, New Delhi-110029, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hadi Kuncoro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aty Widyawaruyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taslim Ersam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-Mangostin Effect on Inhibition Development Stadium and Globin Accumulation Against Plasmodium falciparum</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Development stage inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia tetrandra</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium falciparum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SDS-PAGE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-mangostin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/670</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">783-788</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;alpha;--Mangostin is a widely reported group of Xanthone compounds from the Clusiaceae family of 40 genera and over 1000 species spread across the tropics and subtropics area. The Objective for determine effect of &amp;alpha;-mangostin from &lt;em&gt;Garcinia tetrandra&lt;/em&gt; Pierre stem bark against development stadium inhibition and globin accumulation of &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt;. Inhibition stadium development assay used based on the Rosenthal method. &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; parasitic globin accumulation assay. Globin accumulation assay used the highest concentration of in vitro antimalarial test using SDS-PAGE with positive control E-64 and &amp;alpha;-mangostin were incubated together with the malaria parasite during 24 h. Result of Inhibition stadium development of Plasmodium falciparum against &amp;alpha;-mangostin show inhibition from development stadium of the malaria parasite &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt;, Electrophoresis show globin accumulation from electrophoresis followed by staining using &lt;em&gt;Coomassie brilliant blue&lt;/em&gt;. &amp;alpha;-mangostin showed inhibition the growth of malaria parasite &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum&lt;/em&gt; with dose 10 &amp;mu;g/ml is expected to occur a large accumulation of globin, which can be viewed both morphologically and by the method of SDS-PAGE.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">783</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hadi Kuncoro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aty Widyawaruyanti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Taslim Ersam&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorium Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kefarmasian FARMAKA TROPIS, Fakultas Farmasi, Mulawarman University, Samarinda 75119, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, 60286, Indonesia, Center for Natural Product Medicine Research and Development, Institute of Tropical Disease, Airlangga University, Surabaya 60115, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh November, Kampus ITS-Sukolilo, Surabaya 60111, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amira Kamalrudin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malina Jasamai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahanem Mat Noor</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameliorative Effect of Moringa oleifera Fruit Extract on Reproductive Parameters in Diabetic-induced Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes mellitus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasting blood glucose level</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Male reproductive</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa oleifera fruit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sperm quality</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s54-s58</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus negatively impact the male reproductive parameters. The ability of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit to improve the reproductive parameters in diabetic-induced male has yet to be documented. Aim: To investigate the anti-hyperglycaemic potential of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract and its effect on reproductive parameters in diabetic-induced male rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; A total of 20 male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups; normal control (without diabetic induction), negative control (diabetes without treatment), positive control (diabetes with metformin) and treatment group (diabetes with 500 mg/kg &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract). Treatments were given&lt;em&gt; via&lt;/em&gt; oral gavage for 21 consecutive days. Analysis of fasting blood glucose level, sperm quality, testicular histology and relative testis weight were performed. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The administration of &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract exhibited a significant reduction in fasting blood glucose level and a pronounced increase in sperm quality (sperm count, motility, viability and morphology) compared with the negative control group. &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit extract restored the histology of the testes as they were seen to be packed with sperms and showed an organised spermatogenesis. The relative testis weight showed no significant difference between all groups. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained suggested that &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; fruit aqueous extract possessed an antihyperglycaemic property and improved the reproductive parameters in diabetic-induced rats&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s54</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amira&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;strong&gt; Kamalrudin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Malina Jasamai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahanem Mat Noor&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug and Herbal Research Centre, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nandan Padmanabha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nirupama Muralimunglimane</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakshmi Kodavanji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jyoti Ramnath Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roopesh Poojary</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameliorative Role of Vitamin D on Prenatal and Postnatal Exposure of Monosodium Glutamate Induced Steatohepatitis in Rat Pups</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gestation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glutamate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MSG</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Steatohepatisis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitamin D</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/493</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">371-375</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a widely used flavor enhancer has been linked to obesity and metabolic syndrome, including progressive liver disease. Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is the most common hepatic disorder with an etiology related to changes in diet and lifestyle. Prenatal and postnatal exposure to MSG been shown to affect developing tissues in growing animals. Increased Risk of Non-alcoholic Steatohepatitis has been associated with Vitamin D deficiency. The present study was aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of vitamin D on MSG induced animal models of steatohepatitis in neonatal rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Eighteen nulliparous female wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=6/group). Group-I received a daily oral dose of 5g/kg body weight of MSG. Group-II received the same dose of MSG along with calcitriol (0.2&amp;mu;g/kg BW). Group-III was treated with saline served as the control. The rats could mate, and treatment was given for the entire period of gestation and thirty days thereafter, during lactation. The histological changes in the liver was observed. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Pan-lobular microvesicular steatosis, lobular inflammation and ballooning of hepatocytes was observed in the MSG-treated group. These histotoxic changes were ameliorated in the vitamin D treated group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Vitamin D might be beneficial in the protection of the pre-and postnatal exposed MSG induced steatohepatitis. Further, induction of steatohepatitis in a shorter period could also make it an ideal study model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">371</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nandan Padmanabha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nirupama Muralimunglimane&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;*, Bhagyalakshmi Kodavanji&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jyoti Ramnath Kini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Roopesh Poojary&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Final MBBS-1, Kasturba Medical College Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Mangalore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Senior Research Fellow, Department of Physiology. Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iwara A. Iwara</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Godwin O. Igile</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Friday E. Uboh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mbeh U. Eteng</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrick .E. Ebong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analysis of bioactive constituents of n-hexane and methanol fractions of Vernonia calvoana Extracts using Gas Chromatography- Mass Spectrometry</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive constituents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n-hexane</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernonia calvoana</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">854-858</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Bioactive constituents of n-hexane and methanol fractions of &lt;em&gt;Vernonia calvoana&lt;/em&gt; (VC) leaves were evaluated using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaves were harvested, cleaned and air dried for 7 days. They were ground to yield 5kg weight powder which was macerated and extracted in 8000 mL of 80% ethanol for 48 hours, yielding 310.3g (6.2%) of crude extract after evaporation of the solvent. The paste (251.8g) was subjected to column chromatography over silica gel (mesh 60 &amp;ndash; 120&amp;mu;m) and eluted with 1.5L of n-hexane and methanol respectively. The fractions were analyzed for bioactive constituents using Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (30m x 0.25mm ID x 0.25&amp;mu;m film thickness). &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of GC-MS analysis showed the presences of twelve compounds with phytol (46.67%), 8,11,14-eicosatrienoic acid (33.40%), octadecanoic acid (11.25%), pentadecane carboxylic acid (10.69%), 9, 12, 15-octadecatrien-1-ol (8.12%) and ethyl palmitate (7.68%) in the n-hexane fraction, while methanol fraction was observed to have 14 compounds with oleic acid (33.40%), hexadecanoic acid (12.49%), 2-butanone (14.32%), palmitadehyde (8.36%), 11-octadecenoic acid (5.56%), Z-4-nonadecen-1-ol-acetate (5.36%) and limonene Oxide (4.37%) as well as other compounds in trace concentrations. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; it may be concluded from the results that, extracts of Vernonia calvoana contain various bioactive components that may be exploited as a good source of new drug for pharmaceutical industries.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">854</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iwara A. Iwara*, Godwin O. Igile, Friday E. Uboh, Mbeh U. Eteng, Patrick .E. Ebong &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P.M.B 1115, Calabar, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafaela Damasceno Sá</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marília Barbosa Cadena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rafael José Ribeiro Padilha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luiz Carlos Alves</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karina Perrelli Randau</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomical Study and Characterization of Metabolites in Leaves of Momordica charantia L.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anatomy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bitter melon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crystals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histochemistry</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melão-de-São-Caetano</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">823-826</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Momordica charantia&lt;/em&gt; L. (Cucurbitaceae), is an herbaceous plant used for food and traditional medicine. It presents a proven antidiabetic activity in the literature, being a promising species for the development of phytotherapics. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective was performing an anatomical study and characterizing the metabolites in leaves of &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Semipermanent histological slides were prepared for analysis of petiole and leaf blade in optical, polarization and scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometry. Maceration and histochemical tests were also performed in the leaf blade. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The anatomical characterization revealed information about the type of trichomes, cuticle, vascular bundles and arrangement of the idioblasts and tissues that determine the botanical identity of this species. The histochemistry allowed determining the location of the metabolites and, along with the chemical microanalyses, to identify the type of crystal in the leaf blade. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study described new characters for &lt;em&gt;M. charantia&lt;/em&gt; and the results provide support to quality control of the species.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">823</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rafaela Damasceno S&amp;aacute;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mar&amp;iacute;lia Barbosa Cadena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rafael Jos&amp;eacute; Ribeiro Padilha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; , Luiz Carlos Alves&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Karina Perrelli Randau&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Farmacognosia, Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Professor Arthur de S&amp;aacute;, Cidade Universit&amp;aacute;ria, Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Setor de Microscopia Eletr&amp;ocirc;nica, Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Imunopatologia Keizo Asami, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swadesh Sarkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya K Gopal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santanu Paul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide Induced Apoptosis in NALM-6 Cells Mediated Through the Cell Cycle Arrest and Nuclear Fragmentation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacog Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographis paniculata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Andrographolide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cell cycle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leukemia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January-2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/466</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210-214</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; is an herb widely cultivated in South and Southeastern Asia. It has been traditionally used to treat infections and other Physiological disorders for several hundreds. We investigated the anti-leukemic potential of Andrographolide (AGP) isolated from the leaves of this plant against an array of cancer cells to investigate its most efficacies in a particular cancer type. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; AGP was isolated from &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; leaves by using column chromatography. The structure was further determined by LC-MS, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. AGP was initially tested against four different cancer cell lines, namely NALM-6 (pre B-ALL), K562 (CML), A549 (lung carcinoma) and MCF-7 (breast carcinoma) using MTT assay at different time points and different concentrations. The effect of the isolated biomolecule was also investigated in inducing apoptosis through the study of cell cycle progression using flow cytometry by PI staining and nuclear fragmentation pattern by DAPI staining and fluorescence microscopy.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; the spectral analysis of the isolated bio-molecule assured that the compound was AGP. MTT assay data indicated that AGP was most potent to induce cytotoxicity in NALM-6 cells. Further investigation revealed that it effectively induced apoptosis by arresting cell cycle progression and increased the nuclear break down in NALM- 6 leukemic cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study efficiently demonstrated that the AGP isolated from &lt;em&gt;Andrographis paniculata&lt;/em&gt; induced apoptosis in NALM-6 cells, which could be used in the therapeutic intervention of leukemia in the future.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">210                         </style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Swadesh Sarkar&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Priya K Gopal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Santanu Paul&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Chandernagore College, Chandernagore, Hoogly- 712136, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, Department of Botany, 35 Ballugunge Circular Road, University of Calcutta, Kolkata- 700019, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jasmin T Tutor</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christine L Chichioco-Hernandez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibition of Fractions from Eleusine indica Leaf Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High-blood pressure</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant extracts</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/360</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25-28</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Solvent fractions and decoction of &lt;em&gt;Eleusine indica&lt;/em&gt; leaves were tested for their ability to inhibit angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an important component of the Renin-Angiotensin- Aldosterone System which is a critical regulator of arterial blood pressure. The ACE inhibitory activity of each fraction was measured by employing a colorimetric assay based on the hydrolysis of histidyl-hippuryl-leucine (HHL) by ACE. Preliminary assay results revealed that the ethyl acetate fraction exhibited the highest antihypertensive activity with a percent inhibition of 51.51%. This fraction was considered for further isolation using a bioassay-guided fractionation scheme.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">25</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jasmin T Tutor, Christine L Chichioco-Hernandez* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines,&amp;nbsp;Diliman, Quezon City-1101, PHILIPPINES&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnaprasad Ganapati Koorse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sujith Samraj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preethy John</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priya Manakkulaparambil Narayanan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi SS</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Usha PTA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surya Sunilkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gleeja VL</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthelmintic Activity of Fruit Extract and Fractions of Piper longum L. In vitro</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adulticidal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GCMS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">IC50</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Larvicidal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ovicidal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piper longum.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/487</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333-340</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The present study was aimed to assess the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal activity of methanolic extract and its fractions from fruits of &lt;em&gt;Piper longum&lt;/em&gt; against strongyle ova, larvae and adult amphistomes respectively. The fruits of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt; was identified and the accession number 006 was obtained. The phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, glycosides, phenolics, diterpenes and triterpenes in extract and fractions of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt;. The extract and fractions were diluted serially in 6.25 per cent tween 80 to obtain concentrations of 500, 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, 15.63, 7.81, 3.91 and 1.95 mg/mL. Ivermectin and thiabendazole at 10 &amp;mu;g/mL acted as positive controls and 6.25 per cent tween 80 as negative control. The methanolic extract was highly active against ova with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.026 mg/mL. The n-hexane fraction was potent in inducing larval mortality with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.383 mg/mL while chloroform fraction inhibited larval migration with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 1.796 mg/mL. Amphistomes were highly sensitive for methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt; which possessed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 5.493 mg/mL Based on IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values, the methanolic extract was found to be most potent while chloroform fraction was effective against ova, larvae and also adults. GCMS analysis of potent methanolic extract revealed the presence of piperidinone, hydrocinnamic acid, ethylhexahydro azepine, methyleugenol, hexadecanoic acid and caryophyllene oxide which may have contributed for the anthelmintic activity. The acute oral toxicity study revealed mild vascular changes in liver. From the present study, it can be concluded that chloroform fraction of &lt;em&gt;P. longum&lt;/em&gt; possessed maximum broad spectrum anthelmintic activity comparable to controls.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">333</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Krishnaprasad Ganapati Koorse&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sujith Samraj&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Preethy John&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Priya Manakkulaparambil Narayanan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Devi SS&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Usha PTA&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Surya Sunilkumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Gleeja VL&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;3Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Statistics, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Mannuthy, Thrissur, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subehan Lallo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masteria Yunovilsa Putra</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tri Aryono Hadi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibrahim Jantan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Cytotoxic Activities of Sponges Collected off the Coast of Togean Islands, Indonesia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MTT</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sponges</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Togean Islands</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">988-992</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Marine sponges (Porifera: Demospongia) have astonishing structural diversity and broad biological activities.&lt;strong&gt; Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of five sponges collected off the coast of Togean Islands, Indonesia, identified as &lt;em&gt;Spheciospongia inconstan, Melophlus sarasironum, Oceanapia amboinensis, Biemna&lt;/em&gt; sp and &lt;em&gt;Axinella&lt;/em&gt; sp. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; All dried sponges materials were extracted by maceration method using methanol and then evaporated by the rotary evaporator to obtain viscous extracts. The determination of antibacterial activity was performed by well agar diffusion method against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt; while the cytotoxic activity was determined by MTT methods on human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) and human colon colorectal carcinoma (HCT-116), followed by determination of the apoptosis mechanism by Annexin V-FTIC assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; M. sarasinorum and Axinella&lt;/em&gt; sp showed strong inhibition against S.aureus and E.coli with the diameter of inhibition of 14.21 &amp;plusmn; 0.92 mm and 14.36 &amp;plusmn; 0.92 mm, and 10.01 &amp;plusmn; 2.65 mm and 12.07 &amp;plusmn; 1.54 mm, respectively. Moreover, they also exhibited potent cytotoxicity on HCT-116 with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 0.002 and 8.518 &amp;mu;g/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, on MCF-7, only M. sarasinorum showed moderate inhibition with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 87.35 &amp;mu;g/mL. Annexin V-FTIC assay clearly showed that the cytotoxic mechanism of &lt;em&gt;M. sarasinorum and Axinella&lt;/em&gt; sp on HCT-116 and MCF-7 was via apoptosis induction. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The sponges of &lt;em&gt;M. Sarasinorum and Axinella&lt;/em&gt; sp are undergoing further analysis to identify the active constituents which could be developed as potential antibacterial and anticancer agents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">988</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Sulaiman Zubair&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Subehan Lallo&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Masteria Yunovilsa Putra&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tri Aryono Hadi&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ibrahim Jantan&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Sciences, Tadulako University, Kampus Bumi Tadulako, Palu, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Centre for Oceanography, Indonesian Institute of Sciences, Jl. Pasir Putih I, Ancol Timur, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Drug and Herbal Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, National University of Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravikumar Shivakumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishna Venkatarangaiah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sudhesh Shastri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravishankara Burladinni Nagaraja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajith Sheshagiri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Property and Molecular Docking Studies of Leaf Calli Phytochemicals of Bridelia scandens Wild.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ADMET</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bridelia scandens</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA Gyrase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1221-1229</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bridelia scandens&lt;/em&gt; Wild. (Euphorbiaceae) leaves are widely used to cure asthma, bronchitis pleurisy, exudation, sores in mouth and genital cancers. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate antibacterial activity of the leaf calli methanol extract (LCME). &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Mass production of leaf calli was established on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L 2, 4-D. Methanol extract of the dried calli was subjected to HR-LCMS analysis, antibacterial screening of the extract was carried out against human pathogenic clinical isolates. Molecular docking study of HR-LCMS identified compounds was performed by docking with bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; HR-LCMS analysis of LCME shows that the compounds azaperone bifonazole, fusidic acid, lasalocid and quinine as the major constituents. The antibacterial screening of LCME against clinical pathogens showed significant bactericidal activity against the strains Staphylococcus aureus (17.67&amp;plusmn;0.88 mm.d.), &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumonia&lt;/em&gt; (13.67&amp;plusmn;0.33), &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; (16.33&amp;plusmn;0.67), &lt;em&gt;Salmonella typhi&lt;/em&gt; (17.67&amp;plusmn;0.33), and Vibrio cholera (15.33&amp;plusmn;0.33) as compared to the standard drug ciprofloxacin. The molecular docking of lasalocid against the bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase exhibited good binding affinity of -4.9 kcal/mol, good drug likeness (2.5589), 2 hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic interaction with 7 amino acid residues, so that lasalocid processes good inhibitor as compared to other 4 compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; LCME of &lt;em&gt;Bridelia scandens&lt;/em&gt; showed significant antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Salmonella typhi&lt;/em&gt;. Lasalocid is the major phytocomponent of LCME which exhibited good inhibitory activity against bacterial enzyme DNA gyrase. This investigation supported traditional claim of LCME as potential antibacterial drug.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1221</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ravikumar Shivakumar, Krishna Venkatarangaiah, Sudhesh Shastri, Ravishankara Burladinni Nagaraja, Ajith Sheshagiri &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;Department of PG Studies and Research in Biotechnology, Kuvempu University, Shankaraghatta, Shivamogga, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tácuna-Calderón Ana Lucia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Huaccho-Rojas Juan Jesus</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zimic-Zare Carolina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pante-Medina Carlos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Salazar-Granara Alberto</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidepressant and Antipsychotic-like Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of the Leaves of Maytenus macrocarpa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chuchuhuasi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Depression</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fluoxetine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Forced swim test</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haloperidol</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s33-s37</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (Chuchuhuasi) is an Amazonian Peruvian traditional plant, traditionally used as anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, antihemorrhagic and antidiarrheic agent. Also, chuchuhuasi is known as a master plant, attributing to it properties in the central nervous system. In addition, depression is a disorder of the mood that cause disability to millions of people around the world. For this reason, the aim of this study was to determinate the antidepressant and antipsychotic-like activity of the ethanolic extract of Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;strong&gt;. Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; It was used the ethanolic extract of the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; (EELMM) in female mice at the experimental model of the Forced Swim Test described by Porsolt. As control, it was used distillate water, fluoxetine and haloperidol. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The immobility time of the groups of EELMM has a mean of 38.26 &amp;plusmn; 21.57, 84.32 &amp;plusmn; 26.68 and 32.17 &amp;plusmn; 25.55 for the doses of 750, 1000 and 1250 mg/Kg respectively; and the immobility time had a median of 7.5 [4.07 &amp;ndash; 20.3] and 20.93 &amp;plusmn; [17.63 &amp;ndash; 23.75] for the doses of 500 mg/Kg and 1500 mg/Kg. It was seen a positive dose-response between the dose of 500 to 1000 mg/Kg (Pearson correlation of r=0.8339 and R=0.6954) and a negative dose-response between the dose of 1000 to 1500 mg/Kg. (Pearson correlation of r= -0.7590 and R= 0.5760). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It was demonstrated the antidepressant-like activity of the ethanolic extract of the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Maytenus macrocarpa&lt;/em&gt; with a dose of 500 mg/kg and an antipsychotic-like activity with a dose of 1000 mg/kg.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s33</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;T&amp;aacute;cuna-Calder&amp;oacute;n Ana Lucia&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Huaccho-Rojas Juan Jesus&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Zimic-Zare Carolina&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pante-Medina Carlos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Salazar-Granara Alberto&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 1&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad de San Martin de Porres, Facultad de Medicina Humana, Centro de Investigaci&amp;oacute;n de Medicina Tradicional y Farmacolog&amp;iacute;a, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Facultad de Ciencias y Filosof&amp;iacute;a, Secci&amp;oacute;n Bioqu&amp;iacute;mica, Biolog&amp;iacute;a molecular y Farmacolog&amp;iacute;a, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 3&lt;/sup&gt;Sociedad Peruana de Farmacologia y Terap&amp;eacute;utica Experimental (SOPFARTEX), Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lia Ardiana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic Activity Studies of White Tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze) Ethanolic Extracts in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camellia sinensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catechin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypoglycemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">White tea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/417</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">186-189</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The high polyphenol content of white tea exhibits antiseptic and antioxidant properties that can prevent free radicals, inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation associated with various diseases such as obesity, diabetes and other degenerative diseases. Oral administration of white tea ethanolic extract (WTE) is expected to use as an alternative in the treatment of diabetes mellitus. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to evaluate the effect of WTE on reducing fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. Methods: Antidiabetic activity study of white tea extract performed on diabetic Sprague-Dawley male rats induced &lt;em&gt;streptozotocin-nicotinamide&lt;/em&gt; for 14 days of oral administration. The antidiabetic effect compared to normal control, diabetic control, and standard control groups. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The administration of WTE for 14 days showed decreased fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats. The dose of 100 mg/kg BW of WTE has the highest effect on reducing fasting glucose level significantly compared to negative control group (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). The content of flavonoids, especially catechin compounds are suspected to play a role in lowering fasting blood glucose levels. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The administration of WTE for 14 days has potentially antidiabetic activity in diabetic rats induced &lt;em&gt;streptozotocin-nicotinamide&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">186</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lia Ardiana, Rani Sauriasari*, Berna Elya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaurav Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Megha Sharma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Navneet Upadhyay</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zabeer Ahmed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neeraj Mahindroo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Diabetic, Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Adipogenic Potential of Quercetin Rich Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Prunus persica</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-adipogenic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prunus persica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/509</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">463-469</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Diabetes mellitus is enfeebling threatening diseases with continuously increasing rates of incidence and mortality and it may rise tremendously by 2025. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Quercetin rich ethyl acetate fraction (PP-EtOA) of leaves of &lt;em&gt;Prunus persica&lt;/em&gt; was evaluated for antidiabetic, anti-oxidant and anti-adipogenic activities. Material and Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rat model, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and normalglycemic rat models were investigated at the doseof 100 and 200 mg/kg,&lt;em&gt;p.o&lt;/em&gt;. of PP-EtOA. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; At 200 mg/kg, significant anti-hyperglycaemic activity(&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05) was observed in all the rat models. In STZ induced diabetic rat model, improvement in body weight and lipid profile was also observed.DPPH (2,2&amp;rsquo;-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical scavenging method showed dose dependent scavenging. Preadipocyte differentiation assay (3T3-L1) showed significant inhibition of differentiation. HPLC fingerprinting analysis of fraction was also performed. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; PP-EtOA possesses potent free radical scavenging property. Its antihyperglycemic and antiadipogenic activities may be due to quercetin (flavonoid) and may prove to be effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus and diabetes driven dyslipidemic conditions.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">463</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gaurav Sharma&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Megha Sharma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,&amp;nbsp;Navneet Upadhyay&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Zabeer Ahmed&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Neeraj Mahindroo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Parasitology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Pharmacology, Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Jammu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Al Mukhlas Fikri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmad Sulaeman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Anna Marliyati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mokhamad Fahrudin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiemetic Activity of Trigona spp. Propolis from Three Provinces of Indonesia with Two Methods of Extraction</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiemetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Propolis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Retching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stingless bee</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trigona spp</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/407</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">120-122</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Propolis is a resinous substance collected by bees to protect their hives. One of the least explored function of propolis is its antiemetic activity. The present study aimed to investigate the antiemetic activity of &lt;em&gt;Trigona &lt;/em&gt;spp. propolis from three provinces of Indonesia. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Ultrasound-assisted extraction using two kinds of solvent, water and ethanol was conducted to extract propolis from South Sulawesi, South Kalimantan and Banten. Antiemetic activity was observed on copper sulfate&amp;ndash;induced emesis in young chicks. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; All propolis indicated antiemetic activity, in which water extract had higher activity than ethanol extract. Regardless the type of solvents, propolis from South Sulawesi showed higher antiemetic activity than others. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study demonstrated that propolis has antiemetic activity, in which propolis from South Sulawesi showed the highest activity and water extraction is recommended.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">120</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Al Mukhlas Fikri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmad Sulaeman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sri Anna Marliyati&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mokhamad Fahrudin&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Community Nutrition, Faculty of Human Ecology, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bogor Agricultural University, Bogor 16680, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjana Goel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aditya Saxena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashok Kumar Bhatia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiepileptic Effect of Nux vomica, Homeopathic Remedy, Against Strychnine-Induced Seizers</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticonvulsant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Epilepsy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nux vomica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Strychnine</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/473</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the antiepileptic effect of homeopathic remedy Nux vomica on mice and its comparison with standard therapeutic diazepam. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; BALB-c mice were taken and divided into three groups comprising ten mice in each group. The first group was treated as control; the second group received standard therapeutics (diazepam, i.p.) and the third group received Nux vomica CH7. All groups were treated with strychnine intra peritoneally. Following parameters were observed; start time of convulsions, the number of animals had convulsions, and survival time until death. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Nux vomica CH7 homeopathic preparation was found effective in suspending onset of convulsions (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;˂ 0.01), and extending survival time until death (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;˂ 0.01) in comparison to control mice. It also increased percentage survival in comparison to control as well as diazepam treated animals. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study demonstrated efficacy of Nux vomica in epilepsy management.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">245</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anjana Goel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Aditya Saxena&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashok Kumar Bhatia&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, 17Km stone, NH#2, Mathura-Delhi Road, PO Chaumuhan, Mathura-281406(U.P.), INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Applied Sciences and Humanities, GLA University, Mathura, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oukacha Amri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abderrahmane Zekhnini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellah Bouhaimi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saida Tahrouch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhakim Hatimi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanolic Extract from Pistacia atlantica Desf. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plantar edema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/369</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of the &lt;em&gt;Pistacia&lt;/em&gt; species are known for their anti-inflammatory activity, including fruits and oil of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica.&lt;/em&gt; However, the inflammatory effect of the methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica&lt;/em&gt; leaves has not been studied. This work aimed at assessing the antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract in relation to phytochemical studies of flavonoids. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract was obtained using sonication of leaves powder in 80 % methanol. The analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by the reduction of carrageenaninduced hind paw edema in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The TLC revealed 3 glycosylated flavonoids and gallic acid derivatives. The flavonoids identified corresponded to rutin, quercetrin and other heterosides of quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin. Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were comparable for the male and female trees. The antioxidant activity did not show a significative difference between the two sexes, except for that evaluated by the FRAP assay which was significantly greater for the male tree leaves extract. The leaves extract permitted significative reduction of the edema at h3 and 6 in a dose-dependent manner (100 and 250 mg/kg), while diclofenac used as control reduced the edema at h 1.5. This difference could be explained by the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of diclofenac and &lt;em&gt;P. atlantica &lt;/em&gt;leaves compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. atlantica&lt;/em&gt; has a strong anti-inflammatory activity and constitutes a potential source for the development of new treatments.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oukacha Amri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abderrahmane Zekhnini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abdellah Bouhaimi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Saida Tahrouch&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelhakim Hatimi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologies V&amp;eacute;g&amp;eacute;tales, Facult&amp;eacute; des Sciences, 80 000 Agadir, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire des Syst&amp;egrave;mes Aquatiques, Facult&amp;eacute; des Sciences, 80 000 Agadir, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Melakhessou Mohamed Akram</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benkiki Naima</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marref Salah Eddine</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bouzidi Soumia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory, Anti-pyretic and Acute Toxicity Effects of n-Butanol Extract of Atractylis flava Desf in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atractylis flava desf</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brewer’s yeast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Egg albumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pyrexia</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/666</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">763-767</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was aimed to explore the antipyretic and anti-inflammatory effects of &lt;em&gt;n&lt;/em&gt;-butanol etract of &lt;em&gt;Atractylis flava &lt;/em&gt;Desf &lt;em&gt;(A. Flava)&lt;/em&gt; using experimentally induced inflammation and pyrexia models in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In the acute toxicity study, a single oral dose of 2000 mg/kg of&lt;em&gt; n&lt;/em&gt;-butanol extract was given to rats. The antipyretic activity was evaluated using brewer&amp;rsquo;s yeast induced pyrexia in rats. In addition, albumin induced rat paw edema was performed by the injection of 100 &amp;mu;L undiluted fresh egg albumin to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the plant. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the present study revealed that&lt;em&gt; n&lt;/em&gt;-butanol extract of &lt;em&gt;A. Flava&lt;/em&gt; significantly (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) reduced fresh egg albumin-induced rat paw edema and also inhibited fever significantly in brewer&amp;rsquo;s yeast induced pyrexia. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the present study indicated that &lt;em&gt;A. flava&lt;/em&gt; possesses antipyretic and anti-inflammatory activity in the models studied.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">763</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Melakhessou Mohamed Akram*, Benkiki Naima, Marref Salah Eddine, Bouzidi Soumia &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologie des Mol&amp;eacute;cules Bioactives et de la Physiopathologie Cellulaire. Universit&amp;eacute; de Batna-2, 05000, ALGERIE.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jancy Varghese</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. Rajamani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Betty Daniel</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Potential of Crude Extracts of Thespesia populnea L. Flower on Multiple Drug Resistant Opportunistic Pathogens in HIV/AIDS</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibiogram</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biofilm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Multidrug Resistant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Opportunistic Pathogens</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/530</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">590-597</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; L. commonly known as tulip tree or &amp;lsquo;portia&amp;rsquo; tree has been traditionally used for different illnesses. &lt;em&gt;Thespesia populnea&lt;/em&gt; L. is considered to have high tannin content and have high therapeutic value. &lt;strong&gt;Purpose:&lt;/strong&gt; The antifungal and antibacterial potential of &lt;em&gt;T. populnea&lt;/em&gt; L. should be checked on multiple drug resistant opportunistic pathogens &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; in HIV/AIDS patients. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In order to check the effect of antibiotics antibiogram was studied with antibiotic sensitivity discs. To study the major factor affecting resistance test on formation of biofilm was done by tube and plate methods. The dried flower powder was subjected to sauxlaut hot extraction and the crude extract was analysed by Gas Chromatography and Mass Spectrophotoscopy. Antimicrobial potential of the ethyl acetate extract of the flower was checked by well agar diffusion, UV Spectrometry for growth rate and docking of selected compounds on the microbes of our study by the application of a software. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The tested extracts and the selected compounds have showed significant results in the antimicrobial activities against the opportunistic pathogens in human. Higher the concentration of the extracts better is the inhibition of microbes. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides a scientific rationale for the traditional use in the management of opportunistic pathogens which are multidrug resistant.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">590</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jancy Varghese&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, S Rajamani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Betty Daniel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Scholar, Bharathiar University Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Associate professor, PG and Research Centre, St.Joseph&amp;rsquo;s College Bangalore University, Karnataka INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Head of the Department and Associate professor, PG and Research Centre, Karnataka St.Joseph&amp;rsquo;s College Bangalore University, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristiane Coimbra de Paula</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira Martins</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karuppusamy Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sikiru Olaitan Balogun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quessi Irias Borges</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marcelo Garcia Picone</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wander Miguel de Barros</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regilane Matos da Silva Prado</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Screening of Medicinal Plants Popularly used in Mato Grosso for Treating Infections: Advances on the Evaluation of Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist in vitro and in vivo Antibacterial Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Conyza bonariensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mato Grosso</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preliminary phytochemistry</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s152-s166</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to screen a group of medicinal plants&amp;rsquo; extracts used in the treatment of ailments related to infections in the Brazilian popular medicine. And to carry out &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; toxicity and antibacterial studies on &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis &lt;/em&gt;(Asteraceae) leaves and roots methanolic extracts selected based on the screening. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Eleven methanolic extracts obtained from nine plants, reportedly used in the treatments of infections from the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil, were initially screened for their in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities employing disc diffusion and broth micro dilution assays. Preliminary phytochemical analysis was carried out. The most promising extract based on our results and previous literature reports was then evaluated in the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activities using mouse model of bacterial infection induced by &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli.&lt;/em&gt; In addition, &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; acute toxicity was conducted to evaluate the safety profile of the extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All of the extracts tested were active against at least one of the bacterial and fungal strain tested with activities ranging from moderate to weak. Phytochemical analyses of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r demonstrated the presence of free steroids and coumarins in ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and flavonoids, tanins, free steroids, reduced anthraquinones and coumarins in ME&lt;em&gt;CB&lt;/em&gt;r. Oral administration of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r up to 5000 mg/kg did not provoked any toxicological events in the mice, thus suggesting that the LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; is higher than 5000 mg/kg. &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial assay demonstrated superior prophylactic activity of ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l compared to ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r are safe when administered acute orally at doses up to 5000 mg/kg. Methanolic extracts of &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis &lt;/em&gt;possessed in vitro antibacterial and antifungal activities. Considerable &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activities were observed in bacterial infection model for both ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;l and ME&lt;em&gt;Cb&lt;/em&gt;r, effects comparable to that of meropenem, in some cases. Both extracts present in common free steroids and coumarins. The current&lt;em&gt; in vivo&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity study further lend supports to the use of &lt;em&gt;Conyza bonariensis&lt;/em&gt; in the treatment of infections in many traditional medicines.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s152</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristiane Coimbra de Paula&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Domingos Tabajara De Oliveira Martins&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Karuppusamy Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sikiru Olaitan Balogun&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Quessi Irias Borges&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marcelo Garcia Picone&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wander Miguel de Barros&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Regilane Matos da Silva Prado&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&amp;Aacute;rea de Farmacologia, Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias B&amp;aacute;sicas de Sa&amp;uacute;de, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso (UFMT), Cuiab&amp;aacute;, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculdade Noroeste do Mato Grosso - AJES, Avenida Gabriel Muller, s/n, Centro, Ju&amp;iacute;na, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Ci&amp;ecirc;ncia e Tecnologia de Alimentos, Instituto Federal de Educa&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o, Ci&amp;ecirc;ncia e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso (IFMT), Cuiab&amp;aacute;, Mato Grosso, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Centro Universit&amp;aacute;rio Cat&amp;oacute;lica de Quixad&amp;aacute; (UNICATOLICA), Quixad&amp;aacute;, Cear&amp;aacute;, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buavaroon Srichaikul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activities, Acute Toxicity and Chemical Profiling of Torch Ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack.) Inflorescent Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activities</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torch ginger</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoid contents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenolic Contents</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">979-982</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim/Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The objectives of the study were to determine total phenolic contents, flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities and assess acute toxicity of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack.) inflorescent hydroethanolic extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The analysis of total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activities were analyzed spectrophotometrically using micro-titer plate reader. With regard to acute toxicity assessment, Wistar rats were fed with a single dose of torch-ginger either 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0 g extract/kg body weight in comparison with control group.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Total phenolic contents, flavonoid contents of the extract were 0.17&amp;plusmn;0.02 mM gallic acid equivalent/g extract and 0.30&amp;plusmn;0.01 mM quercetin equivalent/g extract, respectively. The antioxidant evaluation using DPPH radical scavenging assay, FRAP assay and ABTS radical scavenging assay were 0.14&amp;plusmn;0.08 mg/ml (EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;), 0.13&amp;plusmn;0.01 mmol Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; equivalent/g extract and 0.30&amp;plusmn;0.12 mM trolox equivalent/g extract, respectively. According to acute toxicity, no mortality or bizarre behavior had been observed throughout 14 days. Clinical chemistry including blood glucose, AST, ALT, BUN, creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, total serum protein, albumin, globulin and total bilirubin were in normal ranges and comparable to the control (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). In conclusion, phenolic compounds and flavonoids of torch-ginger could be measured and indicated the quality of the extract as well as antioxidant activities. Regarding acute toxicity assessment, the extract was safe for experimental animals up to 2.0 g extract/kg body weight. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Torch-ginger extract exhibited high amounts of phenolic contents, flavonoid contents, antioxidant activities and was safe in animal model.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">979</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bunleu Sungthong&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Buavaroon Srichaikul&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Product Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Public Health, Mahasarakham University, Kantharawichai, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladachart Taepongsorat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Asparagus racemosus Roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compound</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1129-1132</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt; (AR) is commonly known as shatavari, satawar or satmuli in India and in Thailand it is call sam-sib or rak-sam-sib. The dried root of AR is used in Ayurveda as an antiulcerous and antiinflammatory and has medicinal/pharmacological value. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the antioxidant activities of &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt; root extracts via total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Methods: Antioxidant capacity measurements were carried out by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract possessed higher antioxidant capacities than the aqueous extract in the three antioxidant assays (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05).These results have shown high phenolic and flavonoid contents. The ethanolic extract of AR root possessed higher amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents than the aqueous extract.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extract was higher than that in the aqueous extract.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1129</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ladachart Taepongsorat&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;2, 3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Greeshma Geetha Mohandas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murugan Kumaraswamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activities of Terpenoids from Thuidium tamariscellum (C. Muell.) Bosch. and Sande-Lac. a Moss</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moss</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terpenoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thuidium tamariscellum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/644</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">645-649</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Thuidium tamariscellum&lt;/em&gt; is a small creeping epiphytic moss growing on trunks and branches of trees as well as on moist shady rocky surface at high altitudes areas.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was undertaken to analyze the phytochemicals in the species and its antioxidant potentialities interms of DPPH, ABTS, H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;, FRAP and metal chelating ability. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Total terpenoids level was remarkable. Interestingly, a concentration dependent free radical scavenging potential was noticed and was comparable with the synthetic antioxidant ascorbate. Further, the FTIR analysis of petroleum ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract confirmed the presence of alcohols/phenols, primary, secondary amines, amides, alkanes, aldehydes, saturated aliphatic alkenes aromatics and aromatic amines, nitro compounds, carboxylic acids, esters, ethers, aliphatic amines, alkyl halides and carbonyls in the moss indicating the presence of medicinally important compounds like flavonoids, terpenoids and alkaloids in the various solvent extracts of the moss. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The overall result of the present study showed that the moss is rich in important pharmaceutical compounds and was reflected as its antioxidant potential. Further studies are warranted to isolate, identify and purify the lead terpenoid present in the moss.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">645</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Greeshma Geetha Mohandas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Murugan Kumaraswamy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, University College&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany and Biotechnology, Govt. Arts College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nita Triadisti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Fractions from Garcinia hombroniana Pierre Leaves Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Column chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spectrophotometric thin layer chromatography</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/650</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">682-685</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Radicals were compounds that generated in normal metabolism and create cell damage. A significant increase of free radical and decreased radical elimination can lead to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress plays an important role in the development of many diseases. Enhanced supply of antioxidants will help prevent the morbidity of many diseases. &lt;em&gt;Garcinia hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre has potency as an antioxidant, but study to evaluate the active fractions as an antioxidant has not been done. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the study was to evaluate antioxidant activity of fractions separated from ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and methanol (MeOH) extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; leaves and to obtain active fractions to facilitate finding a pure antioxidant compound. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract was fractionated using column chromatography, while antioxidant activity assay was conducted &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; using spectrophotometric methods with DPPH and FRAP method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; EtOAc extract of &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; leaves yielded EA-8 with radical scavenging percentage 32.67% (10 ppm, with DPPH method) and EA-11 with antioxidant activity percentage 25.73% (10 ppm, with FRAP method) as the most active fraction from EtOAc extract, while MeOH extract yielded M-3 with radical scavenging percentage 37.42% (10 ppm, with DPPH method) and 26.70% (10 ppm, with FRAP method) as the most active fraction from MeOH extract &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Most active fractions has good antioxidant activity, worthy for further study to isolate antioxidant compound which is responsible for antioxidant activity. However, the percentage of radical scavenging or antioxidant activity of all active fractions were smaller than quercetin as a positive control.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">682</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nita Triadisti&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rani Sauriasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muhammadiyah Banjarmasin, 70114, Banjarmasin, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lok Ranjan Bhatt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bina Wagle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minu Adhikari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santoshi Bhusal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjana Giri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shandesh Bhattarai</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Berberis aristata DC. and Berberis thomsoniana C.K. Schneid. from Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nepal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s167-s171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants are the major sources of the crude drugs and natural antioxidants. &lt;em&gt;Berberis&lt;/em&gt; species have been used in the treatment of various ailments around the world including Nepal. However, systematic study on phytochemistry and pharmacology of&lt;em&gt; Berberis&lt;/em&gt; species from Nepal is lacking. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of &lt;em&gt;Berberis&lt;/em&gt; aristata and &lt;em&gt;Berberis thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; from Sagarmatha National Park. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity was measured through 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated using Folin&amp;ndash;Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride method respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging activity. Radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extracts of different parts of &lt;em&gt;B. aristata&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; ranged from 19.38 to 98.47%, with leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; showing the strongest activity. The total phenolic content of the samples varied from 11.04 to 65.30 mg GAE g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; dry weight whereas total flavonoid content was in between 2.4 to 16.46 mg quercetin/g dry weight. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Among the tested samples, leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; showed the strongest antioxidant activity and contained the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s167</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lok Ranjan Bhatt*, Bina Wagle, Minu Adhikari, Santoshi Bhusal, Anjana Giri, Shandesh Bhattarai &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Biological Resources unit, Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siti Nur Dalila Mohd Zain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wan Adnan Wan Omar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic Content and Total Flavonoid Content of Water and Methanol Extracts of Phyllanthus species from Malaysia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/649</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">677-681</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; The effects of 2 types of solvents, water and methanol were investigated to determine the presence of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) from three &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus&lt;/em&gt; species namely, &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus urinaria, Phyllanthus niruri &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus debilis&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;and&amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activities were measured using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,20- azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The chemical contents of the &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus&lt;/em&gt; sp. were presented as total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC).&lt;strong&gt; Statistical analysis used:&lt;/strong&gt; All statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS for Windows, Version 22. All data were presented as mean &amp;plusmn; standard deviation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Our result showed that &lt;em&gt;P. urinaria &lt;/em&gt;showed higher TPC, followed by &lt;em&gt;P. debilis &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;P. niruri &lt;/em&gt;for both methanol and water extracts. Similarly, &lt;em&gt;P. urinaria&lt;/em&gt; showed higher TFC than &lt;em&gt;P. debilis &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;P. niruri.&lt;/em&gt; The antioxidant activity by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrydydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of samples ranged from 15.8 to 29.3 &amp;mu;g/mL for methanol extract and 33.5 to 73.0 &amp;mu;g/mL for water extract. The 2,20- azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assay showed EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; ranges which were from 11.2 to 26.0 &amp;mu;g/mL for methanol extract and 13.5 to 37.4 &amp;mu;g/mL for water extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanol extract showed higher TPC, TFC value and lower EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values for antioxidant activities when compared to water extract. In both methanol and water extracts, &lt;em&gt;P. urinaria&lt;/em&gt; had higher TPC and TFC value and lower EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; for both DPPH and ABTS assay followed by &lt;em&gt;P. debilis &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; P. niruri.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">677</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siti Nur Dalila Mohd Zain, Wan Adnan Wan Omar &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia,&amp;nbsp;Kepala Batas, Penang, MALAYSIA.&lt;/div&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mansauda Karlah Lifie Riani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effionora Anwar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tati Nurhayati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anti-Collagenase Activity of Sargassum Plagyophyllum Extract as an Anti-Wrinkle Cosmetic Ingredient</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-collagenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-wrinkle</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sargassum plagyophyllum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">932-936</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Sea algae are widely used as food and cosmetics in the world. There are several algae including brown algae which are us for human used to maintain health and skin care. Brown algae have various potential biological activities because contain substantial phytochemical constituent. Numerous report has identified phytochemical compound of Sargassum sp. extract but the activity as anti-collagenase almost none. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To study the antioxidant, and anti-collagenase activity of &lt;em&gt;Sargassum plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt; extract as active pharmaceutical ingredient for anti-wrinkle cosmetics. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Sargassum plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt; obtained from Pasauran Beach, Banten, West Java, Indonesia. The extract &lt;em&gt;Sargassum&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt; extracted with three concentration ethanol-water: (E1) ethanol 25%, (E2) ethanol 50% and (E3) ethanol 75%, by using maceration extraction method for 24 h, thrice. The extract was evaluated include total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, and the best extract was tested for the anti-collagenase activity.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Total phenol in the extract were 0.588 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 (E1), 0.272 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 (E2), and 0.220&amp;plusmn; 0.03 (E3) mg PGE/ 100 g extract, respectively. Antioxidant activity of the extract (50 mg/mL) was 41,61&amp;plusmn;0,02% (E1), 39,16&amp;plusmn;0,01% (E2), 37,58&amp;plusmn;0,03% (E3) and ascorbic acid 78.03&amp;plusmn;0,65 % (22.44 &amp;mu;g/mL) as a standard. The best extract (E1) had inhibited the activity of collagenase by 54.46 &amp;plusmn; 0.37%.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The brown seaweed (&lt;em&gt;Sargassum plagyophyllum&lt;/em&gt;) extract can be used as an active pharmaceutical ingredient for anti-wrinkles cosmetic&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">932</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mansauda, Karlah Lifie Riani, Effionora Anwar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nurhayati, Tati&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master Student at Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Faculty of Pharmacy, Doctor of Food Chemistry, University of Indonesia, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor at Department of Aquatic Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Bogor Agricultural University, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yayu Mulsiani Evary</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amir Muhammad Nur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antidiabetes Capacity of Hexane, Ethylacetate and Ethanol Extracts of Durio zibethinus Murr. Root</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Durio Zibethinus Murr.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">roots</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">937-940</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Active natural products from medicinal plants are good sources for the antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. Natural antioxidants protect human health against oxidative stress and free radicals which cause degenerative disease such as diabetes.&lt;strong&gt; Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was conduct to try one approach to treat diabetes that is to reduce gastrointestinal glucose absorption through the inhibition of the &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzyme. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; We make three different root extracts from &lt;em&gt;Durio zibethinus&lt;/em&gt; Murr. The extracts were examined for their DPPH radical scavenging activity, antioxidant activity using &amp;beta;-carotene-linoleic acid assay, and their &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity by a standard method. Additionally, we have also determined their total polyphenols and total flavonoids quantitatively using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The root extracts&lt;em&gt; Durio zibethinus&lt;/em&gt; Murr. were effectively scavenged DPPH radicals in varied rate. The hexane (EHD), ethyl acetate (EEAD), and ethanol (EED) extracts revealed DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 541.28, 83.95 and 11.24 &amp;mu;g/ml respectively and their &amp;beta;-carotene-linoleic acid assay showed activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 273.58, 139.53, and 166.83 &amp;mu;g/ml, respectively. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; assay of the &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the EHD, EEAD, and EED extracts showed an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 119.84, 23.69, and 3.35 &amp;mu;g/ml, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclution:&lt;/strong&gt; In this present study, we found that ethanol extract revealed the most active antioxidant activity and the highest inhibitory activity against &amp;alpha;-glucosidase enzyme. The total phenolics and total flavonoids contents of the extracts were studied, where the ethanol extracts were found to have the highest than that of other extracts. This study proofs the medicinal potencies of &lt;em&gt;Durio zibethinus&lt;/em&gt; Murr. root extracts.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">937</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yayu Mulsiani Evary&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Amir Muhammad Nur&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ilyas Yusuf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Susanty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruslan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muammar Fawwaz</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Antidiabetic Potential of Galing Stem Extract (Cayratia trifolia Domin)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galing stem</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/651</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">686-690</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Galing (&lt;em&gt;Cayratia trifolia&lt;/em&gt; Domin.) have been used empirically to treat various diseases, one of them is antidiabetic. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine the phytochemical content and the activity of the ethanol extract of the galing stem as antioxidant and antidiabetic. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The galing stem extract was investigated for phytochemical by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) and its antioxidant activity using DPPH scavenging activity assay. &lt;em&gt;In vivo,&lt;/em&gt; antidiabetic test was conducted by animal diabetes modeling that has given streptozotocin 150 g/kg BW and 10% of sucrose solution intraperitoneally. The average level of fasting blood glucose at 307 mg/dL. Mice were divided into 6 groups, normal control group, diabetes induction group, positive group (treated by glibenclamide) and treatment group consisted of three groups were treated by ethanol extract of galing stem in dose 400, 500, and 600 mg/kg BW, respectively. Mice treated with appropriate doses of each treatment once a day for 7 days. The measuring blood glucose level was using a photometer 5010V5+. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol extract of galing stem contained the alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and triterpene. It is potential as an antioxidant with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 61,52 mg/L which indicated that the extract had strong antioxidant. The antidiabetic activity showed that the effect of extract 400 and 500 mg/kg BW are not different significantly with glibenclamide in reducing blood glucose levels subset of the statistics ANOVA (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol extract of galing steam is potent as an antioxidant due to the phytochemical content inside particularly the flavonoid compound.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">686</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muhammad Ilyas Yusuf&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sri Susanty&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ruslan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muammar Fawwaz&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Haluoleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Haluoleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Universitas Haluoleo, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Muslim Indonesia, Makassar, South Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flaviana Alves dos Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marina Ferraz Cordeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrícia Danielle Oliveira de Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leoneide Érica Maduro Bouillet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Guilherme Soares Maia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosa Helena Veras Mourão</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous Extract of Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrtaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedra-ume-caá</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s135-s140</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethnobotanical studies report that &lt;em&gt;Myrcia guianensis&lt;/em&gt; (Myrtaceae), belonging to a group of plants known as pedr&amp;aacute;-ume-ca&amp;aacute; or insulin plant, is used as a tea to treat various diseases, including diabetes, a metabolic disorder that leads to the constant production of free radicals. The objective of this work was to determine the antioxidant capacity and the cytotoxicity of the AEMg. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The content of phenolic compounds in AEMg was determined by colorimetric assays. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; tests of the antioxidant capacity of AEMg, in the sequestration of DPPH radicals, in &amp;beta;-carotene bleaching, in the FRAP, as well as in human fibroblast cells of the MRC-5 lineage, were performed. The cytotoxic activity of AEMg was evaluated in assays with eukaryotic cells from yeast &lt;em&gt;Saccharomyces cerevisiae&lt;/em&gt; and in PBMC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the AEMg is rich in phenolic compounds, presenting high antioxidant potential in all the tests carried out, including in human fibroblast cells of the MRC-5 lineage, besides not being toxic to eukaryotic cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The AEMg, rich in antioxidant compounds and no toxicity, can be used as source of natural antioxidant in the treatment of metabolic diseases to combat free radicals.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s135</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Flaviana Alves dos Santos&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo R&amp;ecirc;go&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marina Ferraz Cordeiro&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Patr&amp;iacute;cia Danielle Oliveira de Almeida&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Leoneide &amp;Eacute;rica Maduro Bouillet&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; Guilherme Soares Maia&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosa Helena Veras Mour&amp;atilde;o&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amaz&amp;ocirc;nia Legal (Bionorte), Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 60077-000 Manaus, AM, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Bioprospec&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par&amp;aacute;, 68135-110 Santar&amp;eacute;m, PA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Recursos Naturais da Amaz&amp;ocirc;nia, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par&amp;aacute;, 68135-110 Santar&amp;eacute;m, PA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 4&lt;/sup&gt;N&amp;uacute;cleo de Pesquisa para Inova&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o Terap&amp;ecirc;utica Suely Galdino, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670- 901 Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Universidade Federal do Vale do S&amp;atilde;o Francisco, Colegiado de Medicina, Campus Paulo Afonso, 48607-190, BA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Atividade Biol&amp;oacute;gica, 60077-000 Manaus, AM, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisma Malik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inayatullah Tahir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reiaz Ul Rehman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Potential and Ionomic Analysis of Two Buckwheat Species from Kashmir Region</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aqueous extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckwheat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX-XX</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Buckwheat in the past had been the staple food for many regions in the Himalaya&amp;rsquo;s and its utilization has declined with time. In recent times buckwheat gained a lot of attention as it has been placed in the list of underutilized crops by FAO. There is a strong sentiment and realization for buckwheat revival because of its neutraceutrical properties due to which it provides the consumers with extra choice for his food basket. In this context the present investigation aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential and mineral element analysis of two buckwheat species grown in Kashmir region. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; To achieve this goal, antioxidant potential of two buckwheat species was done by using standard protocols. For ionomic analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was done to unravel the macro-and micro-nutrient composition. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Fagopyrum tataricum&lt;/em&gt; exhibits higher TPC (159.51&amp;plusmn;10.3 mg gallic acid equivalent g-&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; DW) and TFC (79.49&amp;plusmn;9.76 mg rutin equivalent g-&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; DW). The &lt;em&gt;F. tataricum&lt;/em&gt; samples exhibit high radical scavenging activity (RSa&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=26.67&amp;mu;g ml-&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;) as compared to &lt;em&gt;F. kashmirianum&lt;/em&gt; (RSa&lt;sup&gt;50&lt;/sup&gt;=34.15&amp;mu;g ml-&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;). Elemental analysis revealed that calcium (Ca) was found high in &lt;em&gt;F. tataricum&lt;/em&gt; (5125&amp;plusmn;56.76ppm) while as the iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were found in high concentration in &lt;em&gt;F. kashmirianum&lt;/em&gt; (1122.5&amp;plusmn;25.77ppm) and (122.75&amp;plusmn;12.34ppm) respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings suggested that buckwheat extract possess excellent antioxidant property and is rich source of minerals indispensable for human health. Thus, buckwheat could be a promising alternative in functional food sector for improving the social well-being and diminishing malnutrition especially for the impoverished community.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Aqueous extract, Antioxidants, AAS, Buckwheat, DPPH, FRAP.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">x</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">XX</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bisma Malik&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Inayatullah Tahir&lt;sup&gt;1, 2&lt;/sup&gt;, Reiaz Ul Rehman&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bisma Malik</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inayatullah Tahir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reiaz Ul Rehman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Potential and Ionomic Analysis of Two Buckwheat Species from Kashmir Region</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aas</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aqueous extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Buckwheat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s83-s88</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Buckwheat in the past had been the staple food for many regions in the Himalaya&amp;rsquo;s and its utilization has declined with time. In recent times buckwheat gained a lot of attention as it has been placed in the list of underutilized crops by FAO. There is a strong sentiment and realization for buckwheat revival because of its nutraceutrical properties due to which it provides the consumers with extra choice for his food basket. In this context the present investigation aimed to evaluate the antioxidant potential and mineral element analysis of two buckwheat species grown in Kashmir region. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; To achieve this goal, antioxidant potential of two buckwheat species was done by using standard protocols. For ionomic analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS) was done to unravel the macro-and micro-nutrient composition. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Fagopyrum tataricum&lt;/em&gt; exhibits higher TPC (159.51&amp;plusmn;10.3 mg gallic acid equivalent g-1 DW) and TFC (79.49&amp;plusmn;9.76 mg rutin equivalent g-1 DW). The &lt;em&gt;F.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;tataricum&lt;/em&gt; samples exhibit high radical scavenging activity (RSa50=26.67&amp;mu;g ml-1) as compared to &lt;em&gt;F. kashmirianum&lt;/em&gt; (RSa&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=34.15&amp;mu;g ml-1). Elemental analysis revealed that calcium (Ca) was found high in &lt;em&gt;F. tataricum&lt;/em&gt; (5125&amp;plusmn;56.76ppm) while as the iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) were found in high concentration in &lt;em&gt;F. kashmirianum&lt;/em&gt; (1122.5&amp;plusmn;25.77ppm) and (122.75&amp;plusmn;12.34ppm) respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings suggested that buckwheat extract possess excellent antioxidant property and is rich source of minerals indispensable for human health. Thus, buckwheat could be a promising alternative in functional food sector for improving the social well-being and diminishing malnutrition especially for the impoverished community.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s83</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tanveer Bilal Pirzadah&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bisma Malik&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Inayatullah Tahir&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Reiaz Ul Rehman&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bioresources, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, University of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, INDIA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rekha Durgadas Kini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nayanatara Arun Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anupama Noojibail</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bhagyalakhshmi K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sneha Shetty Bhoja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pratik Kumar Chatterjee</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Role of Beta Carotene: Protection against Cadmium Induced Testicular Toxicity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide demutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s66-s70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Cadmium (Cd) is an industrial pollutant that affects the male reproductive system. The purpose of present study was to investigate the protective role of Beta carotene on cadmium induced testicular damage. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was conducted following approval from Institutional Bioethical Committee and strict internationally accepted guidelines, for the usage of animals in experimental study were. Rats were divided into four groups with 8 rats in each.The Gr. I rats were administered with the single dose of normal saline intraperitoneally. Group II received Beta carotene (10 mg/kg bw) orally for 30 days. Group III received a single dose of 1 mg/kg bw cadmium chloride and Group IV received Beta carotene for 30 days prior to cadmium administration. After the desired protocol, rats were sacrificed and both the testes were removed for biochemical and histopathological evaluation. One testis was fixed in Bouvins fluid and processed or histopathological studies. The levels of lipid peroxides (LPO) and glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected in the tissue homogenates of other testis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, the level of lipid peroxidation (LPO) was significantly high and GSH and SOD (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) were low in cadmium treated rats compared to normal control. Pre-treatment with beta carotene showed a protective effect by decreasing LPO and increasing GS Hand SOD level (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001). The morphological changes like atrophy of tubules, edema and decreased spermatogenesis in the testis of rats exposed to cadmium chloride. But, antioxidant showed the normal architecture of the testis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Results of the present study showed the antioxidative role of beta carotene in protecting the testis from cadmium induced toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s66</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rekha Durgadas Kini&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nayanatara Arun Kumar, Anupama Noojibail, Bhagyalakhshmi K, Sneha Shetty Bhoja, Pratik Kumar Chatterjee &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Physiology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Mangalore, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwatosin Debbie Imiere</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwatosin Adeyonu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Israel Olayide</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adewale Fadaka</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidative Properties of Blighia sapida K.D. Koenig Stem Bark Extract and Inhibitory Effects on Carbohydrate Hydrolyzing Enzymes Associated with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blighia sapida K D Koenig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amylase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/494</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">376-383</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; In Africa, the fruit, seed, leaf, and stem of &lt;em&gt;Blighia sapida&lt;/em&gt; K.D. Koenig are used as remedy for a range of diseases. This study characterized the phytochemicals, assessed the antioxidant and inhibitory properties of the stem bark of &lt;em&gt;Blighia sapida&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples were consecutively extracted using ethanol solvent and investigated for phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging abilities, iron chelation, reducing power, &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase activities as markers of &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anti-diabetic activities. Phytochemicals were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract had radical scavenging capabilities, iron chelation and reducing power. Furthermore, the results reveal the extract had considerably high &amp;alpha;-glucosidase and &amp;alpha;- amylase inhibitory activities as the concentration increases with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 4.17 &amp;plusmn; 0.24 mg/mL and 5.30 &amp;plusmn; 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. Enzyme kinetic studies indicated that the extract displayed uncompetitive inhibitor for &amp;alpha;-glucosidase and was a competitive inhibitor of &amp;alpha;-amylase. The ethanolic extract is rich in several aromatic phenolic compounds and long chain aliphatic acids. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results reveal the bark possessed antioxidant as well as &amp;alpha; -glucosidase and &amp;alpha; -amylase inhibitory activities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">376</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo*, Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye, Oluwatosin Debbie Imiere, Oluwatosin Adeyonu, Israel Olayide, Adewale Fadaka &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">BiYun Gu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Joseph Shalom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ian E. Cock</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Proliferative Properties of Terminalia sericea Burch. Ex Dc Leaf Extracts Against Caco2 and HeLa Cancer Cell Lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiproliferative Activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Combretaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silver Cluster Leaf</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/499</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">408-415</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Terminalia&lt;/em&gt; spp. are characterised by their high levels of antioxidant phytochemicals and several species have anticancer activity. This study examines the anti-proliferative activity of &lt;em&gt;T. sericea&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts against Caco2 and HeLa carcinoma cell proliferation. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Solvent extracts were prepared from &lt;em&gt;T. sericea&lt;/em&gt; leaves and their antioxidant capacities were determined by the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Anti-proliferative activities against Caco2 and HeLa cancer cells were determined by an MTS based cell proliferation assay. Toxicity was determined using the &lt;em&gt;Artemia franciscana&lt;/em&gt; nauplii bioassay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanolic and aqueous &lt;em&gt;T. sericea&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts displayed high antioxidant capacities (equivalent to 150 and 340 mg of ascorbic acid per gram of plant material extracted respectively). In contrast, the ethyl acetate, chloroform and hexane extracts had relatively low antioxidant contents (&amp;le;5 mg of ascorbic acid equivalents per gram of plant material extracted). The antioxidant contents of the &lt;em&gt;T. sericea&lt;/em&gt; leaf extracts correlated with the ability of the extracts to inhibit proliferation of Caco2 and HeLa cancer cell lines. The high antioxidant methanolic and aqueous extracts were potent inhibitors of cell proliferation, with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values 120-1400 &amp;mu;g/mL. The aqueous &lt;em&gt;T. sericea&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract was particularly effective, with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 528 and 120 &amp;mu;g/mL against Caco2 and HeLa cells respectively. The methanolic extract also displayed good, albeit substantially less potent, antiproliferative activity against HeLa cells, with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 1358 &amp;mu;g/mL. In contrast, the lower antioxidant content extracts generally did not inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Cell imaging studies detected morphological features consistent with apoptosis in Caco2 cells exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of the methanolic and aqueous T. sericea leaf extracts, indicating that these extracts are functioning by cytotoxic mechanisms. The aqueous &lt;em&gt;T. sericea&lt;/em&gt; leaf extract displayed low to moderate toxicity in the &lt;em&gt;Artemia franciscana&lt;/em&gt; bioassay, with an LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 737 &amp;mu;g/mL. All other extracts were nontoxic. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The antiproliferative activity and low toxicity of the &lt;em&gt;T. sericea &lt;/em&gt;methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts extracts against HeLa and Caco2 cancer cell lines indicates their potential in the treatment and prevention of some cancers.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">408</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;BiYun Gu&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Joseph Shalom&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ian E. Cock&lt;sup&gt;1,3* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;School of Natural Sciences, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, CHINA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Environmental Futures Research Institute, Nathan Campus, Griffith University, 170 Kessels Rd, Nathan, Queensland 4111, AUSTRALIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raghavendra H.L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prashith Kekuda T.R</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiradical and Lipid Peroxidation Inhibitory Activity of Ripe and Unripe Fruit of Rubus steudneri Schweinf. (Rosaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipid peroxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maceration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rubus steudneri Schweinf</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/677</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">818-822</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; A free radical is a molecular species characterized by the presence of an unpaired electron in its outer orbital. Free radicals are highly reactive and are known to damage biomolecules including lipids resulting in a myriad of pathophysiological conditions. The present investigation was carried out to screen antiradical and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity of ripe and unripe fruit of R. steudneri. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The powdered ripe and unripe fruit materials were extracted by maceration process using methanol. Antiradical activity of extracts was evaluated by DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Lipid peroxidation inhibition assay was carried out by estimating the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances. Both ripe and unripe fruit extracts were screened for the presence of phytochemicals viz. alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, phenolic compounds, saponins, glycosides, sterols and triterpenoids by standard tests. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Preliminary phytochemical analysis indicated that both ripe and unripe fruit extracts contain saponins, alkaloids, phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, sterols and triterpenoids. When compared to unripe fruit extract, ripe fruit extract displayed marked scavenging of DPPH and hydroxyl radicals and inhibition of lipid peroxidation as indicated by lower IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Overall, ripe fruit extract displayed marked free radical scavenging and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity. The presence of phenolic and flavonoid compounds in the extracts might be responsible for observed bioactivities of ripe and unripe fruit of &lt;em&gt;R. steudneri&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Short Communication</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">818</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Raghavendra H.L&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Prashith Kekuda T.R&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia, EAST AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, S.R.N.M.N College of Applied Sciences, N.E.S Campus, Balraj Urs Road, Shivamogga, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Christine May Gaylan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">John Carlo Estebal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elena M. Ragragio</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Staphylococcal and Antioxidant Properties of Crude Ethanolic Extracts of Macrofungi Collected from the Philippines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mushrooms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philippines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/405</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106-109</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Macrofungi have been used in the Philippines as source of food and traditional medicines. However, these macrofungi in the Philippines have not yet been studied for different biological activities. Thus, this research determined the potential antibacterial and antioxidant activities of crude ethanolic extracts of seven macrofungi collected in Bataan, Philippines. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay and broth microdilution method were used to screen for the antibacterial activity and DPPH scavenging assay for the determination of antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;F. rosea, G. applanatum, G. lucidum &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; P. pinisitus&lt;/em&gt; exhibited zones of inhibition ranging from 6.55 &amp;plusmn; 0.23 mm to 7.43 &amp;plusmn; 0.29 mm against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus, D. confragosa, F. rosea, G. lucidum, M. xanthopus &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; P. pinisitus&lt;/em&gt; showed antimicrobial activities against &lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; with an MIC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; ranging from 1250 &amp;mu;g/mL to 10000 &amp;mu;g/mL. &lt;em&gt;F. rosea, G. applanatum, G. lucidum, M. xanthopus&lt;/em&gt; exhibited excellent antioxidant activity with &lt;em&gt;F. rosea&lt;/em&gt; having the highest antioxidant activity among all the extracts tested (3.0 &amp;mu;g/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the results, these Philippine macrofungi showed antistaphylococcal activity independent of the antioxidant activity. These can be further studied as potential sources of antibacterial and antioxidant compounds.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">106</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Christine May Gaylan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, John Carlo Estebal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ourlad Alzeus G. Tantengco&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Elena M. Ragragio&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, University of the Philippines Manila, Padre Faura Street, Ermita, Manila, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;College of Medicine, University of the Philippines Manila, Pedro Gil Street, Ermita, Manila, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chavella Avatara</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic Effect of Kaempferia galanga L. and Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. on Collagen-epinephrine Induced Thromboembolism In Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antithrombotic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bleeding time</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kaempferia galanga L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Survival rate</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1149-1153</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga&lt;/em&gt; L. and &lt;em&gt;Curcuma xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; Roxb. have been proven to possess antiplatelet activity &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;. The aim of this study is to investigate the antithrombotic effect of the rhizome extracts of &lt;em&gt;Kaempferia galanga&lt;/em&gt; L. and &lt;em&gt;Curcuma xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; Roxb in a mouse thrombotic model. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;K. galanga&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; were orally administered with three different doses (7, 14 and 28 mg/20 g BW) in two experimental mouse models. Bleeding time prolongation was observed on mice tail that had been cut and the survival rate of mice was observed after thromboembolism induction by collagenepinephrine. These two experiments were observed after 7 days extracts pre-treatment and compared to the positive control, aspirin. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; A potent effect of &lt;em&gt;K. galanga&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; extracts were demonstrated through significant bleeding time prolongation compared to control group. &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; extract exhibited better activity than &lt;em&gt;K. galanga&lt;/em&gt; extract. Moreover, both &lt;em&gt;K. galanga&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; extracts significantly protected mice from thromboembolic death, where the protective effect of &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; extract was stronger than &lt;em&gt;K. galanga&lt;/em&gt; extract in a dose-dependent manner.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;K. galanga&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. xanthorrhiza&lt;/em&gt; extracts have a potential to be developed as antithrombotic agents against platelet thromboembolism.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1149</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fadlina Chany Saputri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Chavella Avatara&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Development Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sweta Bawari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archana Negi Sah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devesh Tewari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiurolithiatic Activity of Daucus carota: An In vitro Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aggregation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FT-IR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nucleation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urolithiasis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">880-884</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Urolithiasis is a polygenic disorder with complex etiology and even complicated treatment outcomes. Daucus carota is a widely cultivated crop with traditional claims for its antiurolithiatic potential. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study was an attempt to investigate the antilithic potential of D. carota root extract (DCRE) against calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis by employing &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; methods.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Nucleation, growth and aggregation assay of CaOx crystallization were used. FT-IR analysis was used for characterizing CaOx crystals. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; DCRE exhibited significant inhibition of nucleation, growth and aggregation of CaOx crystals. It produced a favorable morphological transformation of CaOx crystals from calcium oxalate monohydrate to calcium oxalate dihydrate. FT-IR analysis confirmed formation of calcium oxalate monohydrate crystals to be utilized for growth and aggregation assays. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; DCRE possesses significant antiurolithiatic activity against CaOx urolithiasis&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; which could be attributed to its saponins, tannins, flavonoids and polyphenolic content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">880</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sweta Bawari, Archana Negi Sah&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Devesh Tewari&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Technology, Bhimtal Campus, Kumaun University, Nainital &amp;ndash; 263136, Uttarakhand, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Devi Indriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory Activity and Total Flavonoid Content on Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart Stem Bark Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia ferrea C. Mart</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1180-1183</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Flavonoids, polyphenolic compounds that are ubiquitous in nature, have been known for their pharmacological as antifungal, diuretic, antihistamin, antihypertension, insecticide, bactericide, antiviral, antioxidant, and enzim inhibitor. Flavanones found in all parts &lt;em&gt;Scutellaria indica&lt;/em&gt;, has the ability to inhibit arginase, flavanols found in the seeds of &lt;em&gt;Theobroma cacao&lt;/em&gt; L. Previous study showed that &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; C. Mart stem bark contains flavonoid compound.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study to analyze arginase inhibitory activity and to determine the total flavonoid content of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; C. Mart stem bark by using AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; colorimetric method. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Dried Caesalpinia&lt;/em&gt; ferrea stem barks were refluxed with three different solvent with gradual gradient polarity i.en-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was tested to determine arginase inhibitory activity. Total flavonoid content was determined on extract showed the highest arginase inhibitory activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic extract showed arginase inhibitory activity of 12.81% and flavonoid content was 2 mgQE/g. Phytochemical screening on &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; stem bark ethyl acetate extract showed that it contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and terpenoids, meanwhile &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; stem bark methanolic extract contains flavonoids, tannins, saponins, and steroids. Conclusion: &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia ferrea&lt;/em&gt; C. Mart stem bark extracts were not potential to inhibit arginase.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1180</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Devi Indriani, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arini Wulansari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. Bark Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. coriaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicalscreening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1174-1179</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the arginase inhibitory and the antioxidant activities of the bark extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia coriaria&lt;/em&gt; (Jacq.) Willd. (Dewi tree). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The bark of Dewi tree was extracted successively under reflux condition with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was tested for its activity in inhibiting arginase activity by measuring the quantity of urea produced in the reaction mixture using a microplate reader. The active extracts were determined for their total flavonoid content followed by antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry with ascorbic acid as standard. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Arginase inhibitory activity test showed that the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts have average inhibition values of 14.43 and 33.59%, respectively, at concentration of 100 &amp;mu;g/mL. The total flavonoid content of the methanol and ethyl acetate extract were 7.75 and 6.30 mgQE/g sample, respectively. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed antioxidant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 4.720 and 3.647 &amp;mu;g/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and steroid, while the methanol extract contained flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, &lt;em&gt;C. coriaria&lt;/em&gt; bark extracts possessed low arginase inhibitory activity. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts have good antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1174</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arini Wulansari, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rini Prastiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rani Sauriasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Hanafi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yesi Desmiaty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory, Antioxidant Activity and Pharmacognosy Study of Sterculia macrophylla Vent. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sterculia macrophylla</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1109-1113</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The purpose of this study was to investigate the arginase inhibitory activity, antioxidant activity, and also pharmacognostical study of &lt;em&gt;Sterculia macrophylla&lt;/em&gt; leaves. The main component of genus &lt;em&gt;Sterculia&lt;/em&gt; was flavonoid that was well known to demonstrate arginase inhibitory activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sample was extracted gradually using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol solvents, subsequently. The n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract were determined for their arginase inhibitory activity. The most active extract was methanol extract. This extract was determined for its antioxidant activity, arginase inhibitory activity, identification of chemical compound, chromatogram profile and determined the content of total flavonoid. The leaves and powder of &lt;em&gt;Sterculia macrophylla&lt;/em&gt; were identified with microscopic and macroscopic evaluation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The most active extract was methanol extract with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 114,659 &amp;mu;g/mL for arginase inhibitory activity and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 78.47 &amp;mu;g/mL for DPPH scavenging activity. The secondary metabolite of methanol extract presence compound of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, terpene, and glycoside. The total flavonoid content was 141.10 mg/gram extract. The star-shape trichoma was identified as a specific fragment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Sterculia macrophylla&lt;/em&gt; showed activity as arginase inhibitor and antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1109</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rini Prastiwi&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rani Sauriasari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Hanafi&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Yesi Desmiaty&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universities Indonesia, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Science Muhammadiyah Prof. Dr. Hamka University, 1340 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy Indonesia University, Depok 16424, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Science, Serpong (LIPI) INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Pancasila, Depok, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darshanaa Arunachalam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sheeja Varghese</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lakshmi Thangavelu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Anti-Protease Property of Nutmeg in Causing Delayed Disintegration of Platelet Rich Fibrin – an in vitro Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myristica fragrans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodontal guided tissue regeneration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Periodontitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Platelet-rich fibrin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Proteolysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/648</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">672-676</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Platelet-rich fibrin is a second generation platelet concentrate enhances tissue healing and is in predominant use as a barrier membrane in periodontal regeneration. However, a normal PRF membrane has rapid degradability (1-2 weeks). Myristica fragrans (nutmeg) has been found to have antiprotease property. It was hypothesized if this property helps in inhibiting degradation of PRF. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; To assess whether nutmeg has any effect in inhibitingdegradability of PRF membrane and to compare the degradability of PRF at different concentrations (200mg, 100mg, 50mg) of ethanolic and crude extracts of nutmeg. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; PRF was procured from 30 ml blood from 5 different donors were cut to equal sizes into 35 pieces. They were measured at baseline and dropped in 7 sets of ependorphs containing PBS, PBS containing 200 mg, 100mg and 50 mg crude extract of nutmeg, PBS containing 200 mg, 100mg and 50 mg ethanolic extract of nutmeg. After 1 week the PRF were retrieved and measured. The percentage of remaining PRF was calculated and data analysed. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; It was found that there was a difference in percentages of remaining PRF between all the groups when compared to the control group, out of which, crude extract of nutmeg 200 mg group alone had a significantly lesser % of remaining PRF than the control. All ethanolic extract groups had a significantly greater % of remaining PRF when compared to that of the control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Nutmeg is effective in inhibiting the degradation of PRF membrane.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">672</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Darshanaa Arunachalam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sheeja Varghese&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Lakshmi Thangavelu &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Post graduate student, Department of Periodontics,Saveetha Dental College,SIMATS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Head of the Department,Department of Periodontics, Saveetha Dental College,SIMATS.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmacology,Saveetha Dental College,SIMATS.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Titik Tri Handayani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Attenuation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Virulence by Some Indonesian Medicinal Plants Ethanolic Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-pathogenic drugs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quorum quenching</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quorum sensing inhibitor</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">983-987</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; One strategy to address the emergence of infectious diseases supported by the increasing cases of microbial antibiotic resistance is the development of anti-pathogenic drugs, a quorum quenching compound(s) capable of inhibiting microbial communication (quorum sensing inhibitor). &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; is one of the most common source of chronic opportunistic infections, which demonstrates the most consistent resistance to antimicrobial agents. Quorum sensing (QS) controls secretion of virulence factors in &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to discover quorum sensing inhibitors (QSI) from some Indonesian medicinal plants ethanol extract to analyze their inhibitory activities against QS-mediated virulence factors in&lt;em&gt; P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Settings and Design:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In-vitro&lt;/em&gt; experimental study-laboratory setting &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Indonesian medicinal plant ethanolic extracts were tested for their capability to inhibit &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; motility, biofilm formation using microtiter plate method, pyocyanin and LasA production using LasA staphylolytic assay. Statistical analysis used: Statistical significance of the data were determined using one way ANOVA, followed by Dunnett&amp;rsquo;s test. Differences were considered significant with P values of 0.05 or less. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;T. catappa&lt;/em&gt; leaves and &lt;em&gt;A. alitilis&lt;/em&gt; flower capable to inhibit &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; motility as well as pyocyanin production and biofilm formation. Both extracts also showed capability in reducing LasA protease production. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;T. catappa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;A. alitilis&lt;/em&gt; are an interesting sources of innovative plant derived quorum quenching compound(s), thus can be used in the development of new antipathogenic drug.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">983</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sylvia Utami Tunjung Pratiwi&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Titik Tri Handayani&lt;sup&gt;1,2&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Natural Anti-infective Research (CNAIR), Faculty of Pharmacy, Gadjah Mada University, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Catty Amalia Yaricsha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rissyelly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACE Inhibitory Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.) Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACE inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Watercress (Nasturtium officinale R. Br.)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/309</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">249-251</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Hypertension is the main risk factor for cardiovascular disease. There are many developed antihypertension drugs, one of them is focusing in ACE (Angiotensin Converting Enzyme) inhibition activity. ACE inhibition activity known can decrease vasoconstriction effect and also can decrease bradykinin degradation (vasodilator) by creating NO (nitric oxide). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, we conducted an &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; ACE inhibition activity test which was obtained from watercress on 70% ethanolic extract and each fraction (n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results of the study showed that ethanolic extract of watercress had ACE activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value was 19.05 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL and the highest IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of each fraction is ethyl acetate with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value was 2,303 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ mL. n-butanol fraction had the highest total phenolic content with 15.798 mg GAE/g of the extract, while the highest total flavonoid content was obtained on ethyl acetate fraction with 82.847 mg QE/g of the extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest that Watercress (&lt;em&gt;Nasturtium officinale&lt;/em&gt; R. Br.) possess ACE inhibitory activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">249</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Catty Amalia Yaricsha, Rissyelly*, Katrin &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarlina Jihan Lusiyanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rissyelly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuraini Puspitasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putu Gita Maya Widyaswari Mahayasih</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACE Inhibitory Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Pereskia saccharose Griseb. Leaves Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ACE inhibitor</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pereskia saccharose Griseb</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/316</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">285-287</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are drugs that can control hypertension. &lt;em&gt;Pereskia saccharose&lt;/em&gt; Griseb. leaves have been used traditionally as antihypertensive. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to determine the antihypertensive activity through inhibition of ACE activity, the total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Pereskia saccharose&lt;/em&gt; Griseb. leaves and its fractions. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction was done by maceration with 80% ethanol and fractionation performed by liquid-liquid partition. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; ACE inhibitory activity assay of the ethanolic extract using ACE Kit-WST Dojindo had IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 3.448 &amp;mu;g/mL and ethyl acetate fraction had IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 1.714 x 10-3 &amp;mu;g/mL. Ethyl acetate contained the highest amounts of both TPC (72.991 &amp;plusmn; 0.932 mg GAE/g sample) and TFC (61.337 &amp;plusmn; 1.612 mg QE/g sample). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest that &lt;em&gt;Pereskia saccharose&lt;/em&gt; Griseb. possess ACE inhibitory activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">285</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sarlina Jihan Lusiyanti, Katrin, Rissyelly*, Nuraini Puspitasari &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arshad Husain Rahmani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Ali Alsahli</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saleh Abdulrahman Almatroodi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Active Constituents of Pomegranates (Punica granatum) as Potential Candidates in the Management of Health through Modulation of Biological Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heptoprotective Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuroprotective Effect and Anti-microbial Effects</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pomegranates</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.109/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689-695</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pomegranates fruits have innumerable health benefits and its implication in diseases cure have been widely recognized since ancient time. Moreover, pomegranate fruits, seeds and peels are intensively used in traditional medicine as a natural therapy. It contains numerous valuable ingredients such as flavonoids, ellagitannin, punicalagin, ellagic acid, vitamins and minerals. The principal constituents including punicalagins and ellagitannin are responsible for immeasurable health benefits due to its strong antioxidant activity. Additionally, constituents of pomegranate show health promoting effect through the modulation of physiological and biochemical pathways. Recent evidences suggested that pomegranates fruits, peels and seeds illustrate therapeutics implications in health management via inhibition of free radical effect and modulation of enzymes activity linked with diseases development and progression. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic role of pomegranate fruits, seeds and peels in the health managements based on &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo &lt;/em&gt;studies.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">689</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arshad Husain Rahmani, Mohamed Ali Alsahli, Saleh Abdulrahman Almatroodi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Departments of Medical Laboratories College of Applied Medical Sciences, Qassim University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teeraporn Katisart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirapha Butiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Sub-acute Toxicities of Thai Silkworm Powder (Bombyx mori Linn.) From Three Races in Male Wistar Rats and In vitro Antioxidant Activities</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activities.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hematological parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">lipid profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silkworm</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">toxicities</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.87</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">541-545</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The silkworm powder from Japanese and Korean races has a high biological activity. However, there was less scientific evidence regarding bioactivities in Thai silkworm races. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This research was interested in toxicity and antioxidant activities of Thai silkworm races. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The 5th instar, 3rd day of growth stage of Thai traditional silkworm (Nanglai, Nangnoi and Samrong races) were lyophilized by freeze dryer and ground as silkworm powder. The acute and sub-acute toxicities studies were carried out in male Wistar rats. The antioxidant capacities of silkworm powder were investigated with DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The acute toxicity in rats by single dose oral administration show that the high dose at a concentration of 2,000 mg/kg b.w. did not have toxicity in rats. The sub-acute toxicity in rats by oral administration showed that the high dose concentration at 2,000 mg/kg body weight for 6 weeks had no toxicity in all group either. In addition, the hematological parameters and lipid profiles of treated group and control groups were not significantly different. The antioxidant study showed that silkworm powders were not significant difference in all groups of samples in three assays (DPPH, ABTS and FRAP). However, significant difference had been found in comparison to ascorbic acid (p &amp;lt; 0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Silkworm powder from three races of Thai silkworm did not produce any toxicity in male rats. In addition, the silkworm powder also exhibited antioxidant activities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">541</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Teeraporn Katisart&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bunleu Sungthong&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Chirapha Butiman&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Silk Innovation Center, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basah Katrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmalena Sofyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan Adi Chandra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloid from Phoebe declinata Nees Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7 cell line.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phoebe declinata nees</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/165</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">713-720</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Genus Phoebe have been reported to produce isoquinoline alkaloids as aporphines, noraporphines, and benzylisoquinolines. Many of these isolates exhibit diversified biological activities, including cytotoxic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study is to determine cytotoxic activity of compound isolated from &lt;em&gt;Phoebe declinata&lt;/em&gt; againts MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction was done by reflux using n-hexane, antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method and reducing power method, cytotoxic activity measured by MTT assay using MCF-7 cell line, struture eucidation was confirmed by NMR. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activity measured using DPPH method for 1 and 2 showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 6.42 and 11.80 &amp;mu;g/mL respectively and using reducing power method for 1 and 2 showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 7.02 and 13.74 &amp;mu;g/mL respectively. Compound (1) and (2) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 82.978 and 93.179 &amp;mu;g/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Compound (1) and (2) exhibited antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">713</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Basah Katrin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosmalena Sofyan&lt;sup&gt;3,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sup&gt;Ryan Adi Chandra&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok,16424.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Study on Natural Products, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok,16424.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI depok, 16424.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ea Kristine Clarisse B. Tulin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ma Theresa P. Loreto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edgardo E. Tulin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and Fractionation of Bioactive Compounds from bark Extracts of Sibucao (Caesalpinia sappan L.) In the Philippines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia sappan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fractionation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Type II diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.60</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">356-360</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people around the world. Although conventional medicine is available, it is usually accompanied by serious side effects such as gastrointestinal problem. Thus, the search for alternative medicine from natural sources is of primary importance. &lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; The study is concerned with &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan L.&lt;/em&gt; found in the vicinity of Baybay City, Leyte Philippines. Furthermore, it deals with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the bark only. It was conducted to determine the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of C. sappan to provide evidence to support its efficacy as a folkloric medicinal plant. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This work aimed to evaluate the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of aqueous and ethanolic bark extracts of Sibucao (&lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan L.&lt;/em&gt;) and to partially fractionate its bioactive compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Settings and Design:&lt;/strong&gt; Extracts were prepared in increasing concentration to get IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values. Samples were analysed in triplicate both for extracts and fractions collected from chromatography. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan L.&lt;/em&gt; bark samples were collected from the vicinity of Visayas State University. Plant materials were dried, weighed and stored. Aqueous and ethanolic bark extracts were prepared using water and 20% ethanol. The total phenolic content of the extracts were determined and the &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity of crude bark and aqueous extracts were measured using the method of Kim &lt;em&gt;et al&lt;/em&gt;., 2011. Partial fractionation of bioactive compounds was done successively using gradient elution. The &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity of fractions were then determined and Rf values of active compounds were measured using thin layer chromatography (TLC). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results revealed that aqueous extract (2000 ppm) and ethanolic extract (2000 ppm) show high &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 100% and 59% respectively. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of aqueous and ethanolic extract were found to be 300.52 &amp;plusmn; 1.467 ppm and 1560.81 &amp;plusmn; 2.582 ppm, respectively. TLC of fractions show 7 peaks for aqueous extract and 6 peaks for ethanolic extract in which compound with Rf value 0.70 had the highest inhibitory activity of 65%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; Taken together, the high &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts support the effectiveness of C. sappan L. bark decoctions. In addition, results from bioassay-guided fractionation can be used as an effective tool for further isolation and characterization of &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitors from Caesalpinia sappan L. in the Philippines.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">356</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ea Kristine Clarisse B. Tulin, Ma Theresa P. Loreto, Edgardo E. Tulin &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Visayas State University, President, Visayas State University,PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jia P. Marcellano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alyssa S. Collanto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rolly G. Fuentes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Endophytic Fungi Isolated from the Bark of Cinnamomum mercadoi</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cinnamon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Escherichia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fusarium</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.69</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">405-409</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum mercadoi&lt;/em&gt; is a medicinal tree endemic to the Philippines. &lt;em&gt;Cinnamomum &lt;/em&gt;species have been extensively studied for their endophytic fungi with pharmacological importance. This study aims to isolate and evaluate the antibacterial activity of endophytic fungi associated with the bark of &lt;em&gt;C. mercadoi&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Endophytic fungi were isolated from surface sterilized bark samples aseptically. The pure isolates were identified through their morphological characteristics. Agar plug diffusion assay was employed in the primary screening of their antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Bacillus cereus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli &lt;/em&gt;and&lt;em&gt; Pseudomonas aeruginosa.&lt;/em&gt; Four active endophytes were fermented and extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc). The antibacterial activity of the EtOAc extracts was screened using the disk diffusion assay. The minimum inhibitory activity (MIC) was evaluated using the microdilution method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Twelve (12) endophytes were isolated from the bark of &lt;em&gt;C. mercadoi&lt;/em&gt;. All endophytes exhibited antibacterial activity on at least one of the test pathogens. However, only two of the four endophytes subjected to the secondary screening showed wide-spectrum activity and inhibited the growth of all test bacteria. &lt;em&gt;Fusarium&lt;/em&gt; sp. 2 was identified to have the most promising activity with MIC values ranging from 2.1 - 4.2 mg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;C. mercadoi&lt;/em&gt; harbors endophytes, particularly &lt;em&gt;Fusarium&lt;/em&gt; sp. 2, which possess antibacterial activity and thus a potential source of antibacterial compounds.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">405</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Jia P. Marcellano, Alyssa S. Collanto, Rolly G. Fuentes &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Division of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, University of the Philippines Visayas Tacloban College, 6500 Tacloban City, PHILIPPINES.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toru Konishi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masaaki Minami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toshiaki Makino</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity Of Shin’iseihaito (Xinyiqingfeitang) And its Components Against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scutellaria baicalensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shin’iseihaito</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinusitis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.53</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">310-314</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Shin&amp;rsquo;iseihaito (xinyiqingfeitang in Chinese, SSHT), a formula in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and Chinese medicine comprising nine crude drugs, Gypsum, Ophiopogon Tuber, Scutellaria Root (SR, root of &lt;em&gt;Scutellaria baicalensis&lt;/em&gt;), Gardenia Fruit, Anemarrhena Rhizome, Lilium Bulb, Magnolia Flower, Loquat Leaf, and Cimicifuga Rhizome (CR, rhizome of &lt;em&gt;Cimicifuga heracleifolia&lt;/em&gt;), is commonly used to treat sinusitis associated with purulent nasal discharge and reddish nasal mucosa. We evaluated anti-bacterial activity of SSHT extract on methicillin-resistant &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; (MRSA), one cause of bacterial sinusitis. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Sterile paper disks impregnated with SSHT extract, the combination of crude drugs composing SSHT according to the traditional pharmacological theory, or each component were placed on Mueller-Hinton agar plates inoculated with several strains of MRSA isolated from the patients. The diameter of inhibitory zone was measured after 18&amp;ndash;24 h incubation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; SSHT extract showed antibacterial activity against 128/190 (66.8%) MRSA clinical isolates. The effect of the extract of SSHT without heat-clearing drugs (SSHT&amp;ndash;HC) or without exterior-releasing drugs (SSHT&amp;ndash;ER) were significantly lower than that of SSHT extract. Each water extract of SR, Loquat Leaf, Magnolia Flower and CR showed significant anti-MRSA activity, and SR extract exhibited the largest inhibitory zone. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; SSHT has antibacterial activity against MRSA clinical isolates, and SR mainly contributes to the antibacterial activity of SSHT against MRSA clinical isolates.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">310</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Toru Konishi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Masaaki Minami&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Toshiaki Makino&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, JAPAN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Budiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Lia Aulifa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arif Satria Wira Kusuma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Astri Sulastri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activity of Black Mulberry (Morus nigra L.) Extract for Acne Treatment</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti acne</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morus Nigra Extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Propionibacterium Acnes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Staphylococcus Epidermidis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.97/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">611-614</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Black mulberry is rich in phenols and is hence usable in the treatment of acne. It also contains anthocyanin, a well-known antioxidant. This study aimed to examine the antibacterial and antioxidant properties of black mulberry (&lt;em&gt;Morus nigra L.&lt;/em&gt;) extract as a potential raw material for use in beauty care products. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Fruit extract was obtained using maceration method with 96% ethanol. The antibacterial activity of the extract was determined by disc diffusion method, while the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by microdilution method. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of the extract was tested by DPPH method. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed a 2.5% MIC against &lt;em&gt;S. epidermidis&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;P. acnes,&lt;/em&gt; confirming the antibacterial activity of black mulberry extract. The MBC values for the respective bacterium were 2.5% and 5%. Regarding antioxidant activity, the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of black mulberry extract was 146.731 mg/mL, suggesting its medium potential. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Morus nigra&lt;/em&gt; extract has antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;S. epidermidis &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;P. acnes&lt;/em&gt;, and has medium potential as antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">611</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arif Budiman&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Diah Lia Aulifa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Arif Satria Wira Kusuma&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Astri Sulastri&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departement of Pharmaceutical and Technology Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sekolah Tinggi Farmasi Indonesia, Jl. Soekarno Hatta No. 354, Bandung, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sri Raghava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sharanaiah Umesha</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibrucellosis Activity of Medicinal Plants from Western Ghats and Characterization of Bioactive Metabolites</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibrucellosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioactive compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/393</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s122-s128</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent bacterial zoonosis which is transmitted to humans from animals. As an alternative to conventional antibiotics, medicinal plants are valuable resources for new agents against antibiotic-resistant strains. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antibrucellosis activity of different medicinal plants collected from the Western Ghats against &lt;em&gt;Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis&lt;/em&gt;. Identification and characterization of the bioactive metabolites of the potent antibrucellosis agent by Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antibacterial assay was carried for the ethanolic extract of different medicinal plants, the potential and effective medicinal plants extract was subjected for purification by TLC and the bioactive metabolites were characterized by the GC MS analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Acacia nelotica&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Terminalia arjuna&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Eugenia jambolana&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Callistemon citrinus&lt;/em&gt; showed the antibrucellosis activity comparatively &lt;em&gt;Callistemon citrinus &lt;/em&gt;had the strong antibrucellosis activity. Further the crude sample was purified by TLC profiling, compounds with different retention factor were screened for antibrucellosis activity, and the bioactive metabolites were identified by GC-MS analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; For the first time the different medicinal plants from Western Ghats were screened for the antibrucellosis activity. The crude and TLC purified &lt;em&gt;Callistemon citrinus&lt;/em&gt; ethanolic extract exhibited strong antibrucellosis activity. The bioactive compounds identified were reported for the first time and the bioactive metabolites identified exhibited as potential antibacterial agents against brucellosis and other Human pathogens.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s122</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sri Raghava, Sharanaiah Umesha* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Studies in Biotechnology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore-570006, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajendra Prasad Gujjeti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Estari Mamidala</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-HIV Activity of Phytosterol Isolated from Aerva lanata Roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aerva lanata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Characterization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HIV-1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytosterols</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reverse transcriptase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Structural elucidation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112-116</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; AIDS in humans, which is caused by the HIV remains among the leading causes of death worldwide. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The study was undertaken to investigate the HIV-RT inhibitory activity of Phytotesrols extracted from roots of &lt;em&gt;Aerva lanata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Sequential maceration method was performed for preparation of extracts using hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol solvents. RetroSys HIV-1 RT (Innovagen, Sweden) kit was used to determine the HIV-RT inhibitory activity of all solvents extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Results &amp;amp; Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;All extracts showed significant inhibitory activity. Chloroform extracts shows highest inhibition of recombinant HIV-RT (89.0%) at 2 and mg/ml concentration. Phytosterols isolated from chloroform extracts. These results were remarkable and can be used to develop a new drug for HIV treatment or other infectious diseases caused by the pathogenic micro-organisms, for which plant sterols may play a distinctive role. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Further work is in progress to evaluate the advanced spectroscopic studies are required for the structural elucidation, identification and characterization of the active compound from this plant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajendra Prasad Gujjeti and Estari Mamidala* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Zoology, Infectious Diseases and Metabolic Disorders Research Lab, Kakatiya University, Warangal-506009, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patcharee Poolsil</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilawan Promprom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chusri Talubmook</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-hyperlipidemic Effects of Extract from Houttuynia cordata Thumb. in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Hyperglycemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Hyperlipidemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Houttuynia cordata Thumb</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.65</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">382-387</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; Various properties of &lt;em&gt;Houttuynia cordata&lt;/em&gt; Thumb. has been reported. However, few studies on its pharmacological effects have been documented. To elucidate whether there are more pharmacological effects of this plant, this study was therefore, carried out to determine the anti-hyperglycemic and anti-hyperlipidemic effects of 80% ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;H. cordata&lt;/em&gt; (HCE). Their antioxidant activity and acute toxicity were also conducted. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; HCE at a dose of 250 mg/kg was oral given to Streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats daily for 8 weeks. DPPH assay and HCE at the doses of 1,000, 2,000 and 3,000 mg/kg were employed in antioxidant and acute toxicity studies. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; HCE lowered FBG in the diabetic, but not in the normal treated rats. HCE did not affect the body weight of all rats, but recovered TP, Alb, Glob, BUN, CREA, UA, TB, AST, ALT, ALP, and reduced the elevated CHO, TG and LDL in the diabetic rats. HCE possessed relatively low antioxidant activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 115.98&amp;plusmn; 0.82 &amp;mu;g/mL compared to Vitamin C (42.54+1.37 &amp;mu;g/ml), but did not produce any symptoms of acute toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract of &lt;em&gt;H. cordata&lt;/em&gt; may have beneficial properties and is a new agent for diabetic treatment and improve renal and hepatic functions.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">382</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Patcharee Poolsil&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Wilawan Promprom, Chusri Talubmook &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Sciences, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham Province 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Teeraporn Katisart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chirapha Butiman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperglycemic Effect of Silkworm Powder, Fibroin and Sericin from Three Thai Silkworm (Bombyx mori Linn.) in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperglycemic effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetic rats</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fibroin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sericin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silkworm</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.89</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559-564</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was aimed to investigate the antihyperglycemic activities of Thai silkworm (&lt;em&gt;Bombyx mori &lt;/em&gt;Linn.) powder, fibroin and sericin from three races of Thai silkworm including Nangnoi, Nanglai, and Samrong in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; All rats were daily and orally administered with silkworm powder (5&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;-instar, 3&lt;sup&gt;rd&lt;/sup&gt;-day), fibroin, and sericin at a dose of 250 mg/kg for 6 weeks. After that, various parameters including body weight, blood glucose, hematological and biochemical parameters were determined. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results revealed that fasting plasma glucose level in 6&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; week of Nanglai fibroin, Nangnoi fibroin and Nangnoi sericin expressed a better reduction of FPG in diabetic rats compared with diabetic control groups (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). All hematological parameters of each group were not different within those values (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt;0.05). In case of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and alkaline phosphatase value showed that some of treated groups was different from diabetic control (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05), while all of treated groups showed different in cholesterol and high density lipoprotein value (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Silkworm powders, fibroin and sericin of three races exhibited a therapeutic potential for the reduction plasma glucose level. Treatments of silkworm powder, fibroin and sericin did not have any effect on hematological parameters. Improvement of blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase values and lipid profiles also were also observed in the treatment groups.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">559</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Teeraporn Katisart&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chirapha Butiman&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Bunleu Sungthong&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Silk Innovation Center, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Daud Ahmad Israf Ali</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nordin Hj. Lajis</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dachriyanus</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory activity of isolated compounds from the stem bark of Garcinia cowa Roxb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia cowa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">rubraxanthone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">tetrapreniltoluquinone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-mangostin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-57</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To find the anti inflammatory active compounds from methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia cowa&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the inhibitory activity of isolated compounds on nitric oxide (NO) production, culture media was assayed using Griess reaction. An equal volume of Griess reagent (1% sulphanilamide and 0.1% N-(L-naphthyl)-ethylene diamine dihydrochloride, dissolved in 2.5% H3PO4) was mixed with culture supernatant and color development was measured at 550 nm using a micro plate reader. The amount of nitrite in the culture supernatant was calculated from a standard curve (0&amp;ndash;100 &amp;mu;M) of sodium nitrite freshly prepared in deionized water. Percentage of the NO inhibition was calculated by using nitrate level of IFN-&amp;gamma;/LPS-induced group as the control. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Isolated compounds, tetraprenyltoluquinone, rubraxanthone and &amp;alpha;-mangostin from stem bark of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia cowa&lt;/em&gt; Roxb were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity. Only &amp;alpha;-mangostin exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity with 83.42 % inhibition of NO and without inducing severe cytotoxicity at 50&lt;em&gt; &amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M. Rubraxanthone showed weak inhibition of NO with 23.86 % inhibition of NO while maintained 77.32 % of cell viability. TPTQ also showed the strong inhibition of NO with 80.98 % inhibition but unfortunately this compound also induced severe cytotoxicity with 39.62% viability. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &amp;alpha;-Mangostin exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity without inducing severe cytotoxicity at 50 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;M. Rubraxanthone showed weak inhibition of NO while Tetraprenyltoluquinone also showed the strong inhibition of NO however this compound also induced severe cytotoxicity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fatma Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Daud Ahmad Israf Ali&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nordin Hj. Lajis&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Dachriyanus&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Kampus Limau Manis, Padang, West Sumatra, Indonesia, 25163 &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia &lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural Products, Institute of Bioscience, University Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunday Adeleke Adesegun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Celestina Ifeoma Orabueze</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbert Alexander Babatunde Coker</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial and Antioxidant Potentials of Extract and Fractions of Aerial part of Borreria ocymoides DC (Rubiaceae).</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimalarial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Borreria ocymoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasmodium berghei</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solvent fractions</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.86</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">534-540</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Borreria ocymoides&lt;/em&gt; (Burm F) DC is a weak, erect and decumbent herb that has several folkloric, ethno medicinal uses and is included in antimalarial preparations by some traditional healers. It is also used in treatment of ring worm, eczema and microbial infections. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate antimalarial activity of extract and fractions of &lt;em&gt;Borreria ocymoides&lt;/em&gt; in &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei &lt;/em&gt;infected mice and to investigate their antioxidant activity using 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazile (DPPH). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract of aerial part of &lt;em&gt;B. ocymoides&lt;/em&gt; and the solvent fractions obtained from partition between organic solvents were assessed for antimalarial activity against chloroquine sensitive &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei&lt;/em&gt; NK65 infected mice using the suppressive and curative test procedures. Chloroquine (10 mg/ml) was used as positive control. The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging ability and determination of total phenolic content. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The crude extract (250 and 500 mg kg-1) produced a dose dependent anti-plasmodial activity in the suppressive and curative tests. The chemo suppression activity was best in the ethyl acetate fraction (87.31%) and in the order ethyl acetate &amp;gt;dichloromethane &amp;gt; hexane &amp;gt; aqueous fraction. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of the extract increased with concentration. The antioxidant activity was less than ascorbic acid used as positive control. Oral administration up to 5 g/kg produced no noticeable deleterious effect 24 hours after dosing and up to 7 days afterwards. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results indicated that the extract has a potent anti-plasmodial activity against &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium berghei&lt;/em&gt; and the activity seems to reside in the mid-polar fractions. Thus, the plant is a potential source of new antimalarial agents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">534</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sunday Adeleke Adesegun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Celestina Ifeoma Orabueze&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Herbert Alexander Babatunde Coker&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, P. M. B. 12003, Idi-araba, Surulere, Lagos, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lagos, P. M. B. 12003, Idi-araba, Surulere, Lagos, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sangeeta Gupta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amit Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial, Analgesic and Anti - Inflammatory Activity Reported on Tamarindus indica Linn Root Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analgesic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti- inflammatory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fabaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamarindus indica</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.70</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">410-416</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Tamarindus indica&lt;/em&gt; (Family- Fabaceae) show various folkloric uses in treatment of various ailments such as rheumatisum, dysentery, jaundice etc. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The research was conducted to investigate its phytoconstituients and various activity such as antimicrobial, analgesic &amp;amp; anti-inflammatary of AETIRE. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The antimicrobial activity was performed on 4 bacterial stains containing (&lt;em&gt;B.subtilis, S.aureus, P. aeruginosa &amp;amp; E.coli&lt;/em&gt;) on AETIRE using Disc diffusion method. The Analgesic activity was tested by thermal and chemical induced pain through Hot plate and AAIWT. And carrageenan induced rat paw oedema model is used to evaluate antiinflammatory activity. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytoconstituients such as tannins, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and carbohydrates present in both the extract. The maximum zone of inhibition of about 21mm &amp;amp; 22mm was shown on &lt;em&gt;B.subtilis&lt;/em&gt; strain by both the extract when compared with standard drug (Tetracycline &amp;amp; Gentamycin). In AAIWT and hot plate test the AETIRE of concentration (100, 200 mg/kg) produce significant dose-dependent inhibition of pain response with maximum 54.33% protection against acetic acid induced pain and about 74.83% inhibition against thermally induced pain by the aqueous extract 200mg. &amp;amp; the anti- inflammatory activity shown by AETIRE (100 &amp;amp; 200mg/kg) caused significant dose dependent inhibition of oedema with maximum 45.94% inhibition in the Carrageenan induced rat paw oedema by the AE. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Therefore the AE of &lt;em&gt;Tamarindus indica&lt;/em&gt; root was more effective in showing analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the standard drug in each model while ethanol extract show effective antimicrobial activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">410</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sangeeta Gupta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Amit Singh&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Technocrates College of Pharmacy, Piplani, Anand nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, The Pharmaceutical College, Samaleshwari vihar, Barpali, Barghar, Orissa, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Isolation of Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor from Ruellia tuberosa L. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruellia Tuberosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthine Oxidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.96/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">607-610</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The leaves of &lt;em&gt;Ruellia tuberosa &lt;/em&gt;L. have been known to demonstrate strong antioxidant and xanthine oxidase (XOD) inhibitory activities. The aim of this study was to isolate antioxidant and XOD inhibitor from the leaves of the plants.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Isolation of antioxidant and XOD inhibitor were conducted using chromatography techniques. The structure of the isolated compound was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, a flavonoid was isolated and characterized as methoxylated flavonoid based on the spectral data including UV, IR, GC-MS, and NMR. The compound demonstrated DPPH free radical scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 28.79 &amp;mu;g/ml, and XOD inhibitory with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.67 &amp;mu;g/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The isolated compound was determined as 5-hydroxy-3,7-dimethoxy-2-(4-((3S,4S,5S,6R)-4,5, 6-trihydroxy-2(hydroxymethoxy)-tetrahydro-2H-pyrane-3-iloxy) phenyl)-4H-chromen-4-on or camarosids. The isolated compound demonstrated strong DPPH free radical scavenging and XOD inhibitory activity.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">607</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aktsar Roskiana Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Mun&amp;rsquo;im&lt;sup&gt;1* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Indonesia Muslim University, Makassar, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amalia Cipta Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibition Assay with Total Flavonoid Assay of Garcinia porrecta Laness. Stem Bark Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia porrecta Laness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoxygenase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/311</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">257-266</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The genus &lt;em&gt;Garcinia&lt;/em&gt; which is rich of secondary metabolites, mainly flavonoids, have known to have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity through the inhibition of lipoxygenase. There isn&amp;rsquo;t found literature indicating research on inhibition of lipoxygenase activity been done in this plant. The purpose of this study is to obtain the data and determine the potential antioxidant activity, and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia porrecta&lt;/em&gt; Laness. stem bark extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This research is included FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method antioxidant assay, &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; lipoxygenase inhibition assay, flavonoids qualitative analysis by thin layer chromatography, and total flavonoids assay in the most active extract. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed the methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts of &lt;em&gt;G. porrecta&lt;/em&gt; Laness. stem bark using FRAP method, has antioxidant activity with EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values respectively 1.33; 4.97; and 19.96 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL and lipoxygenase inhibition activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values 0.23; 0.52; and 4.87 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/mL. The most active extract in the both assay is methanol extract which has total flavonoids of 5.66 mg QE/g (quercetin equivalent). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results from the study show extracts of the stem bark of &lt;em&gt;G. porrecta&lt;/em&gt; Laness. has antioxidant activity and potential for lipoxygenase inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">257</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amalia Cipta Sari, Berna Elya*, Katrin &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shinta Marlin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibition Assay with Total Flavonoid Content from Garcinia hombroniana Pierre Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiinflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia hombroniana Pierre</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoxygenase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/312</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">267-272</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Garcinia hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre leaves extract have been known to contain flavonoid, but it has not been known yet for its antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity. This study aims to determine antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity of &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity tested by using FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity using baicalein as the positive control. Total flavonoid assay is also quantitatively done by AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; colorimetric method on the most active extract using quercetin as the positive control. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The test result showed that the n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre leaves have antioxidant activity which showed by EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value consecutively are 36.260; 2.969; and 7.416 &amp;mu;g/mL, and also can inhibit lipoxygenase activity which showed by IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value consecutively are 2.052; 0.134; and 1.314 &amp;mu;g/mL. Ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre leaves has the most active antioxidant activity and inhibition of lipoxygenase activity. Total flavonoid content of ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre leaves is 42.004 mg QE/g sample. Conclusion: &lt;em&gt;Garcinia hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre leaves extract has antioxidant activity and can inhibit lipoxygenase activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">267</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shinta Marlin, Berna Elya, Katrin &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amanda Listiyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuraini Puspitasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Enzyme Inhibitory Assay with Total Flavonoids Content from Garcinia hombroniana Pierre Stem Bark Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia hombroniana Pierre</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoxygenase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/314</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">276-279</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Garcinia&lt;/em&gt; has been known as a rich source of xanthones, flavonoids, and phenols. The aim of this research is to obtain data of antioxidant activity and to observe potential inhibition of lipoxygenase activity that most active from methanolic, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extracts with total flavonoids content from most active extracts from the bark of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activity was measured using the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), the anti-inflammatory assay was measured using inhibition of lipoxygenase activity test, qualitative analysis of flavonoids using thin layer chromatography, and total flavonoids content was measured using AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; colorimetric method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the ethyl acetate extract from &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre stem bark as the most active extract for antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activity with EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; and IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value consecutively 15.34 &amp;mu;g /ml; 0.26 &amp;mu;g /ml. Total flavonoids content of ethyl acetate is 7.430 mg QE/g extract. The results of this study showed bark extract &lt;em&gt;Garcinia&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre has antioxidant activity and potent to inhibit lipoxygenase activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the research for methanolic, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract, it can be concluded that the ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;G. hombroniana&lt;/em&gt; Pierre as the most active extract for antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">276</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amanda Listiyani, Berna Elya*, Nuraini Puspitasari &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok, 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Laily Putri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuraini Puspitasari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Lipoxygenase Inhibition Test with Total Flavonoid Content from Garcinia kydia Roxburgh Leaves Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia kydia Roxburgh</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipoxygenase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/315</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">280-284</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant is one of the therapeutic strategies to overcome oxidative stress and inhibit synthesis of inflammatory mediators through lipoxygenase pathway. Garcinia is the largest of Clusiaceae family which has been proven to provide antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kydia&lt;/em&gt; Roxburgh is one of the plants of this genus which is known to have antioxidant activity but lipoxygenase inhibition activity from this plant was unknown. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to test antioxidant activity of the methanol, ethyl acetate and n-hexane extract from &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kydia&lt;/em&gt; Roxburgh leaves by FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) method, anti-inflammatory activity was tested by inhibiting lipoxygenase and total flavonoid content by colorimetric methods AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed an antioxidant activity of methanol extract, ethyl acetate and n-hexane leaves of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kydia&lt;/em&gt; Roxburgh have EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value, respectively 18,448; 12,389 and 31,260 &amp;mu;g/mL, and the lipoxygenase inhibition activity have IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value, respectively 0,556; 0,212 and 3,575 &amp;mu;g/mL. Ethyl acetate extract of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kydia&lt;/em&gt; Roxburgh leaves was the most active extract in this study which has total flavonoid content, 30,650 mgQE/ gram extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The conclusion, &lt;em&gt;Garcinia kydia&lt;/em&gt; Roxburgh has antioxidant and lipoxygenase inhibition activity, with ethyl acetate extract as the most active extract which contains total flavonoids.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">280</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nur Laily Putri, Berna Elya*, Nuraini Puspitasari &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Kampus Baru UI Depok 16424, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supaporn Chunchom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chusri Talubmook</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sirirat Deeseenthum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, Biochemical Components and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Different Brown Rice Kefir Powders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical Components</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown Rice Kefir Powder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-Chronic Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.66</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388-394</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to investigate and compare antioxidant activity, biochemical components and subchronic toxicity of brown rice kefir powder from three different coloured rice varieties; Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDMLKP, white), Red Hawm (RHKP, red), and Hawm Nil (HNKP, dark purple), with cow milk kefir powder (CMKP). &lt;strong&gt;Medthods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity performed by using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 2, 2&amp;acute;-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Biochemical components values including gamma-aminobutyric acid and alpha-tocopherol were determined using high performance liquid chromatography, but total phenolic compounds was detemined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Sub-chronic toxicity test, KDMLKP, RHKP and HNKP at the doses of 150 mg/kg were given orally to the rats every day for 90 days. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity showed that brown rice kefir powders were significantly (p&amp;le;0.05) higher than cow milk kefir powder. Interestingly, HNKP provided the highest FRAB value and the lowest IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of DPPH assay. HNKP had also the highest biochemical component values. Repeat administration of KDMLKP, RHKP and HNKP did not produce any symptoms of sub-chronic toxicity; mortality, hematological values, and blood biochemistry in the rats. Moreover, RHKP produced HDL increasing without CHO, TG and LDL changing in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; These data indicate that brown rice kefir powders show no sub-chronic toxicity and exhibit more antioxidant activity and biochemical component values than cow milk kefir powder. Surprisingly, RHKP showed HDL increasing while HNKP had the highest potent antioxidant activity and biochemical components. Thus, both rice kefir powders are safe and probably a new biochemical resource for health.&lt;/p&gt;`</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supaporn Chunchom&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Chusri Talubmook&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sirirat Deeseenthum&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-district, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham, University, Khamriang Sub-district, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sushma Devi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Randhir Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anti-hypercholesterolemic potential of Vitis vinifera leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cholesterol Diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypercholesterolemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenolic Content Etc.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vitis vinifera</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/179</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">807-814</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Grapes (&lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt;) are universally appreciated fruit for their delicacy, nutrition and accepted as functional food. The objective of the present study is to evaluate antioxidant and anti-hypercholesterolemic potential of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Qualitative and quantitative phytochemical screening of methanolic (VVME) and aqueous (VVAE) extract was carried out to identify the phytoconstituents. Antioxidant potential was evaluated by employing &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; assays. The anti-hypercholesterolemic activity was evaluated by inducing hypercholesterolemia with high cholesterol diet for 21 days in experimental animals. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In VVME, total tannins, total flavonoids and total phenolic contents were found to be present in major amount. Both extract has significant &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant efficacy. Different doses i.e. 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of VVME and VVAE significantly attenuated the lipid levels. Moreover, VVME was found to be more effective as compared to VVAE and also, effectiveness was confirmed with histological results. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It can be concluded that antioxidant and anti-hypercholesterolemic efficacy of &lt;em&gt;Vitis vinifera&lt;/em&gt; might be due to presence of antioxidant property and active phytoconstituents.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">807</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sushma Devi,&lt;sup&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sup&gt;Randhir Singh&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatma Sri Wahyuni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siska Febria</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dessy Arisanty</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis Induction of Cervical Carcinoma HeLa Cells Line by Dichloromethane Fraction of the Rinds of Garcinia cowa Roxb</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Apoptosis induction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carcinoma cells</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Double stanining</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Garcinia cowa Roxb.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa cell line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.76</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475-478</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: This study aims to determine the apoptosis induction of HeLa cervical carcinoma cells death by dichloromethane fraction of the rinds of &lt;em&gt;Garcinia cowa &lt;/em&gt;Roxb&lt;em&gt;.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Apoptosis induction of HeLa cell line was observed using a double staining method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The result of double staining observation showed that an apoptosis occurs which marked with yellowish green fluorescence and cell fragmentation. The average percentage of apoptotic cells was higher in the treated variables (70.38%) compared to the control variables (12.26% ). Statistical analysis by Independent Sample T-Test showed apoptosis Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 (&amp;lt;0.025). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The dichloromethane fraction of G. cowa rind induces apoptosis in HeLa cervical cancer cells.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">475</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fatma Sri Wahyuni&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Siska Febria&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dessy Arisanty&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Andalas University, Padang, West Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Islamudin Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arry Yanuar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamarza Mulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Application of Ionic Liquid based Microwave-Assisted Extraction of the Secondary Metabolite from Peperomia pellucida (L) Kunth</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPTLC profile</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ionic liquid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microwave-assisted extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peperomia pellucida (L) Kunth</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolite.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/305</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227-234</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; An ionic liquid (ILs) is a new alternative solvent (containing cations and anions) has the physical and specific solutions properties, and also had proven to be a promising substituent of conventional organic solvents are flammable, volatile and toxic in various processes. The ILS application in separating the secondary metabolites compound from &lt;em&gt;Peperomia pellucida&lt;/em&gt; (L) Kunth herbaceous can be carried out using microwaveassisted extraction method (MAE). &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ionic liquid based microwave-assisted extraction method for attracting the secondary metabolites compound from &lt;em&gt;P. pellucida&lt;/em&gt; compared with a conventional solvent for the enrichment of secondary metabolites (especially polyphenols group) and their HPTLC fingerprinting profile. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The herb dried powder extracted by microwave-assisted extraction using an ionic liquid such us 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMIM]Cl), 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium Bromide ([BMIM]Br). The obtained extract solution was partitioned using an organic solvent; the extract was evaporated to obtain a dry extract and determination the HPTLC fingerprinting profile. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the research results was obtained from the various types of solvents there are differences in the extraction of secondary metabolite.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">227</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Islamudin Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Arry Yanuar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamarza Mulia&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Mun&amp;rsquo;im&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mulawarman University, Samarinda, East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh Murugan Girija</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajasekaran Subbarayan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preethi Jenifer</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suresh Ranga Rao</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aristolochia bracteolata Enhances Wound Healing in vitro through Anti-inflammatory and Proliferative Effect on Human Dermal Fibroblasts and Keratinocytes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A. bracteolata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fibroblast</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keratinocytes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">RAW 264.7</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scratch assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wound Healing</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/394</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s129-s136</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study, we examined the effect of &lt;em&gt;Aristolochia bracteolata&lt;/em&gt; extract on Human dermal fibroblast (HDF) and Human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT) proliferation and migration during&lt;em&gt; in vitro&lt;/em&gt; wound healing and its underlying mechanism. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;A. bracteolata&lt;/em&gt; was collected and extracted using methanol. Cytotoxiciy effect of plant extract was determined by MTT assay in HDF and HaCaT. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; Scratch assay determined the effect of plant extracts on migration of cells and its underlying mechanism was determined by RT-PCR analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Result:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant extract of &lt;em&gt;A. bracteolata&lt;/em&gt; selectively inhibited proliferation of both the cells at higher concentration (&amp;gt;100 &amp;mu;g/mL) and at lower concentrations (&amp;lt;25 &amp;mu;g/mL), it exhibited linear and dose-dependent cell proliferation. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value was 87.60&amp;plusmn;1.67 &amp;mu;g/mL for HDF and 85.50&amp;plusmn;1.65 &amp;mu;g/mL after 24 h treatment. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; scratch wound healing studies showed wound closure of 50.38%&amp;plusmn;1.39 and 69.81%&amp;plusmn;1.89 at a concentration of 25 &amp;mu;g/mL after 24 h and 48 h, respectively. The extract was tested for anti-inflammatory activity by determination of inhibitory activity on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cell lines. We found that &lt;em&gt;A. bracteolata&lt;/em&gt; has a strong inhibitory effect on the production of NO and tumor necrosis factor-&amp;alpha; (TNF-&amp;alpha;). The plant extract of &lt;em&gt;A. bracteolata&lt;/em&gt; inhibited inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) gene expression by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). To explore the mechanism responsible for the inhibition of iNOS, gene expression was analyzed by Real- Time PCR. &lt;em&gt;A. bracteolata&lt;/em&gt; showed a decrease in the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA in a concentration-dependent manner. Treatment with the plant extract resulted in enhanced expression of Collagen 1 a (I) and Collagen IV in HDFs by regulating the mRNA levels of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and Matrix metalloproteinase-2. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Thus, the present investigation scientifically validates the use of &lt;em&gt;A. bracteolata &lt;/em&gt;in wound healing.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s129</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dinesh Murugan Girija&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mangathayaru Kalachaveedu&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Rajasekaran Subbarayan&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Preethi Jenifer&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Suresh Ranga Rao&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Indian Systems of Medicine Quality Assurance and Standardization Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Periodontology, Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajay Pal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bharat Bhushan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinod Saharan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha Root Extract Inhibits Acetylcholine Esterase, Protein Modification and Ameliorates H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Lymphocytes</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholine esterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ashwagandha</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DNA damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein carbonylation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat lymphocytes</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.52</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-309</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Herbs have long been the basis of medical treatment but the practice of herbalism is not strictly based on evidences gathered using scientific methods. Ashwagandha (&lt;em&gt;Withania somnifera L&lt;/em&gt;.) is a traditional medicinal herb used in the treatment of various ailments. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In current study we have evaluated the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Ashwagandha root extract (ARE) in in-vitro and &lt;em&gt;ex-vivo&lt;/em&gt; models to give a scientific base to its use in herbal medicine. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Simplest extraction e.g. maceration method was performed for preparation of extracts using methanol as solvent. Both &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; experimental trial were executed to evaluate the efficacy of root extract. &lt;strong&gt;Result and Discussion:&lt;/strong&gt; ARE substantially scavenged free radicals and effectively prevented protein degradation as well as modification as studied by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Pre-treatment with ARE protected rat lymphocytes against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;-induced oxidative damage. H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and significantly decreased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase while decreased and increased the content of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. ARE pre-treatment almost reversed these changes indicating its efficiency to suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The study provides the scientific basis of pleiotropic functions of Ashwagandha.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ajay Pal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bharat Bhushan&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt; and Vinod Saharan&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biochemistry and Nanosciences Discipline, Defence Food Research Laboratory, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Guntupalli Chakravarthi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alavala Rajasekhar Reddy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maddi Ramaiah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Biological Activity and Comparison of UPLC and RP-HPLC Chromatographic Profiles of Clausena excavata Burm.F.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angelecin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clausena</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UPLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/297</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185-191</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Clausena excavata&lt;/em&gt; Burm. F. (Rutaceae) has long been associated with medicinal benefits in folk medicine, particularly in the treatment of cancer and its related disorders in the eastern region of Thailand. In the the present study Ultra Pressure Liquid Chromatography (UPLC) analysis of methanolic leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;Clausena excavata&lt;/em&gt; were carried out using short (5 cm &amp;times; 2.1 mm I.D.) columns, containing 2 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;m particles at very high pressures (up to 16000 psi) to obtain high efficiency separations in very short run times. The results indicate that UPLC provided better resolution compared to routine RP-HPLC. The analysis time was drastically reduced (4 min.) which is proved to be a faster and more economical analytical tool than RP-HPLC. In addition to that, the present study also evaluates anti-fungal activity against dermatophytes &lt;em&gt;Trichophyton rubrum&lt;/em&gt; and&lt;em&gt; Trichophyton mentographytes&lt;/em&gt; by using an agar incorporation technique. The anti-fungal activity may be due to the presence of Angelecin and gallic acid in the plant extract.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">185</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Guntupalli Chakravarthi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Alavala Rajasekhar Reddy&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Maddi Ramaiah&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, K L University, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, A. P. India-522502.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy &amp;amp; Phytochemistry, Hindu College of Pharmacy, Amaravathi Road, Guntur, A.P. India-522002.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawan Kumar Verma</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajinder Raina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mudasir Sultana</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maninder Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pawan Kumar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetaminophen Induced Oxidative and Histopathological Alterations in Hepatic Tissue: Protective Effects of Alstonia Scholaris Leaf Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetaminophen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alstonia scholaris</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Super oxide dismutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total antioxidant status</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total thiols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">385-391</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Alstonia scholaris&lt;/em&gt; Linn. is the common ingredients of various herbal formulation. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study was aimed to evaluate the oxidative and histopathological alterations in acetaminophen (APAP) induced hepatotoxicity and protective mechanisms of different leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;A. scholaris&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Forty two wistar rats were randomly divided into seven groups with six rats in each and subjected to different treatments. Alterations in total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total thiols (TTH), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-s-transferase (GST), malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and histopathological alterations in hepatic tissue were analyzed to assess the extent of hepatic damage induced by APAP and the protection imparted against it by aqueous or ethanolic leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;A. scholaris&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Single high oral dose of APAP administration increased (p&amp;lt;0.05) hepatic levels of TOS, OSI and MDA and reduced TAS, TTH, SOD, CAT, GPx and GST activities indicating alteration in antioxidant system of hepatic tissue. The histopathological studies showed severe hepatic degeneration, vacuolization and granulation in cytoplasm, fragmentation of nuclei and membranes and infiltration of mononuclear cells on APAP treatment. Pre and post-treatments of aqueous or ethanolic extract following APAP administration restored TTH, reduced MDA and TOS and increased TAS compared to APAP treatment alone. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;Observations of histopathological and antioxidant parameters indicates that restoration of TAS and TTH levels by leaf extracts may be the primary protective mechanism in APAP induced hepatotoxicity. Further treatments with ethanolic extract showed more hepatoprotective potential than the aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;A. scholaris&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">385</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pawan Kumar Verma&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajinder Raina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mudasir Sultana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Maninder Singh&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Pawan Kumar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, Jammu, 181102, Jammu &amp;amp; Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, R S Pura, Jammu, 181102, Jammu &amp;amp; Kashmir, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Pathology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, UP. 243122, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajasekaran Aiyalu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arivukkarasu Ramasamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and sub-acute Toxicity study of Aqueous extracts of Canscora heteroclita (L) Gilg in Rodents</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Canscora heteroclita</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histology.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-acute toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">399-410</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Canscora heteroclita&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;C. heteroclita&lt;/em&gt;) being used in the Ayurvedic system of medicine in India for treatment of various diseases. No systematic toxicity study for this plant was described. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study was undertaken to assess the safety use of this plant in traditional practice.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The acute oral toxicity study of aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Canscora heteroclita&lt;/em&gt; (AECH) was carried out as per the OECD guidelines 423 in mice and the sub-acute toxicity was carried out at a dose of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg as per OECD 407 guidelines in male and female rats.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Mice administered upto 2000 mg/kg as a single dose orally not caused any signs of toxicity or mortality in mice. In sub-acute toxicity study in rats, AECH at two different daily doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg for 28 days did not cause any significant change including the hematological and biochemical parameters. Histopathological examinations showed normal architecture suggesting no morphological disturbances. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;No deaths or any signs of toxicity was observed after oral administration in acute toxicity study upto a dose of 2000 mg/kg of AECH in mice and upto a dose of 400 mg/kg of AECH in sub acute toxicity study in rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">399</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajasekaran Aiyalu&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; and Arivukkarasu Ramasamy&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Kovai Estate, Kalapatti Road, Coimbatore-641 048, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aiyalu Rajasekaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramasamy Arivukkarasu</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute and Sub-acute Toxicity Study of Aqueous Extracts of Enicostemma axillare (Lam.) Raynal in Animal models</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enicostemma axillare</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">OECD guidelines</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-acute toxicity.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10-19</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Enicostemma axillare&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) Raynal is used in traditional practice for the treatment of diabetes, malaria and liver disorders. No systematic toxicity study was described for this plant and hence the present was undertaken to evaluate acute and sub-acute toxicity of aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;Enicostemma axillare &lt;/em&gt;(AEEA). &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The acute oral toxicity study of AEEA was carried out as per the OECD guidelines 423 in mice and the sub-acute toxicity was carried out as per the guidelines set by OECD 407 in male and female rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Body weight, food and water consumption, hematological parameters, biochemical parameters, organ weight and histopathological analysis were carried out. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: No gross toxicity and mortality was observed upto a dose of 2000 mg/kg. For sub-acute toxicity test, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg daily dose of AEEA administered orally for 28 days in male and female group of rats not exhibited any signs of toxicity and mortality. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: In acute oral toxicity study, the oral administration of AEEA in mice was found to be safe up to a dose of 2000 mg/kg. Both male and female treated rats showed no change in hematological, biochemical and histological investigations and no signs of toxicity were observed upto the dose of 400 mg/kg in rats.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aiyalu Rajasekaran&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; and Ramasamy Arivukkarasu&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, KMCH College of Pharmacy, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanuja Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruchi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjali singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravish Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jitendra Kumar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity study of Phyllanthus niruri and its effect on the cyto-architectural structure of nephrocytes in Swiss albino mice Mus-musculus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histological analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kidney</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LD50</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">P. niruri.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77-80</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; In the era of herbal renaissance, world is moving towards the medicinal plant that repairs and strengthening the body system without any toxic side effects. Popular medicinal plant &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus niruri&lt;/em&gt; contains various bioactive molecules, the present study aimed to observe the biochemical and cyto-architectural alterations in kidney associated with acute oral toxicity (LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) of aqueous extract of &lt;em&gt;P.niruri&lt;/em&gt; in Swiss albino mice. However, limited data is available about the toxicity of herbal remedies used for medication, which is a critical constrain. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; For the acute oral toxicity study, the animals were divided into six groups of 6 mice each. Group&amp;ndash;I was named control group and the treatment groups were administered aqueous leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;P.niruri&lt;/em&gt; orally at different doses of 500 mg/Kg bw (Group-II), 1000 mg/Kg bw (Group-III), 2000 mg/Kg bw (Group-IV), 2500 mg/Kg bw (Group-V) and 3000 mg/Kg bw (Group-VI) for 15 consecutive days. The mice were sacrificed on and serum was collected for the biochemical analysis. The kidney was dissected and processed for histological analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; dose of &lt;em&gt;P.niruri &lt;/em&gt;was found to be 2590.984 mg/Kg bw in Swiss albino mice model in laboratory condition. The result showed the elevated serum level of urea in treated group of mice at higher doses which was found to be statistically significant as compared to the control (Group&amp;ndash;I). There were no any significant increase in serum creatinine has been observed. Histological alteration were observed at higher dose more than 2500 mg/Kg bw (Group-VI). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It is evident from our study that &lt;em&gt;P. niruri &lt;/em&gt;may have toxic effect at high doses. Therefore, it should be ingested with precautions.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">77</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tanuja Singh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ruchi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anjali Singh&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravish Kumar&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Jitendra Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Thakur Prasad Singh, College, Magadh University, Patna.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Braj Mohan Das College, Dayalpur, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar, Bihar University, Bihar, India&amp;ndash;844502.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research Centre, Mahavir Cancer Sansthan, Phulwarisharif, Patna, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Research, S.S. Hospital and Research Institute, Patna, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gaurav Mahesh Doshi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manjushree kundalik Pawar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kajal Haribhai Chavda</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Analytical Quantifiation, immunomodulatory and Sulforhodamine B assay studies on Albizia lebbeck Leaves Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity response</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Haemagglutination Antibody Titre</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High performance Thin layer Chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rutin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">476-482</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Albiza lebbeck&lt;/em&gt; leaves have been well known for its ethnopharmacological prospects.&lt;strong&gt; Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aims three extracts (aqueous, methanolic and hydromethanolic) at two dose levels by oral administration by using immunomodulatory models and &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; cell lines in correlation to analytical studies. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts were subjected to Haemagglutination Antibody Titre and DTH Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity reaction based on acute toxicity results. Chromatographic studies were undertaken comprising of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and High performance Thin layer Chromatography and screened for &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; cell lines such as MCF-7 and HCT 15 by Sulforhodamine B Assay Method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; No response was shown at 100 mg/kg. Significant immunomodulatory effect was noticed at 200 mg/kg with Haemagglutination Antibody Titre (554.66 &amp;plusmn; 102.78, 597.33 &amp;plusmn; 85.35, 426.66 &amp;plusmn; 53.98) and DTH Delayed- Type Hypersensitivity reaction (0.225&amp;plusmn;0.01, 0.21 &amp;plusmn; 0.01, 0.23 &amp;plusmn; 0.01) which showed decrease in paw volume (after 48 h) in case of Sheep Red Blood Cells, (0.5&amp;times;10&lt;sup&gt;9&lt;/sup&gt;) used as antigens. Total flavonoids content in the extracts were revealed by methods described by Singleton and Quettier. Flavonols such as rutin and quercetin were detected by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy based on determination of the functional groups and High Performance Thin layer Chromatography showed well resolved spots. The extracts were screened on &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; cell lines (MCF 7 and HCT 15) by using Sulforhodamine B Assay method were unsatisfactory results were obtained at final concentrations of 10 &amp;mu;g/ml, 20 &amp;mu;g/ml, 40 &amp;mu;g/ml, 80 &amp;mu;g/ml.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Thus, present paper suggests that extracts has served as a promising immunomodulator for immune system disorders.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">476</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gaurav Mahesh Doshi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Manjushree kundalik Pawar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kajal Haribhai Chavda&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Vivekanand Education Society&amp;rsquo;s College of Pharmacy, Chembur (E), Mumbai-400074, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Quality Assurance, Vivekanand Education Society&amp;rsquo;s College of Pharmacy, Chembur (E), Mumbai-400074, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suparmi Suparmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sampurna Sampurna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nur Anna C.S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvenia Meilina Ednisari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galuh Dea Urfani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iqrommatul Laila</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Heavin Rakhmat Saintika</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-anemia Effect of Chlorophyll from Katuk (Sauropus androgynus) Leaves on Female Mice Induced Sodium Nitrite</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorophyll</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferritin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schistocytes.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sodium nitrite</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">375-379</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Sodium nitrite (NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;) in blood is highly reactive with haemoglobin (Hb), thus affecting hematopoiesis and induction of methemoglobinemia. &lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This study was conducted to determine the effect of chlorophyll from &lt;em&gt;katuk&lt;/em&gt; (&lt;em&gt;Sauropus androgynus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;) &lt;/em&gt;leaves on the level of Hb, Malondialdehyde (MDA), ferritin, and schistocytes percentage in female mice induced NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Settings and Design:&lt;/strong&gt; Experimental research was conducted using 24 female mice strain Balb-c. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material: &lt;/strong&gt;NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;0.3 ml/head/day given during 18 days, while the chlorophyll or Cu-chlorophyllin as much as 0.7 ml/head/day given the following day for 14 days. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis used: &lt;/strong&gt;Results are reported as mean values &amp;plusmn; SD and statistically analyzed by One Way Anova test with 95% significance level. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The Hb levels of blood plasma in the control group, NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; induction, induction NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; and chlorophyll of &lt;em&gt;katuk&lt;/em&gt; leaves (NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;+&lt;em&gt;katuk&lt;/em&gt;), induction of NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2 &lt;/sub&gt;and Cu-chlorophyllin from K-Liquid&lt;sup&gt;TM &lt;/sup&gt;(NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;+Cu-chlorophyllin) in sequence is 13.29 g/dl; 11.83 g/dl; 14.54 g/dl; 13.99 g/dl, whilst the MDA levels in each group is 2.10 &amp;plusmn; 0.11 mol/L, 3.44 &amp;plusmn; 0.38 mol/L, 2.31 &amp;plusmn; 0.18 mol/L, 2.31 &amp;plusmn; 0.13 mol/L, and the ferritin levels is 62.71 &amp;plusmn; 6.42 ng/ml; 63.22 &amp;plusmn; 7.59 ng/ml; 67.45 &amp;plusmn; 8.03 ng/ml, and 64.74 &amp;plusmn; 7.80 ng/ml, respectively. The fragment schistocytes ocyte percentage&amp;rsquo;s in each group is 0%, 0.11%, 0.01%, 0.03%. The ferritin levels tend to increase in NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;+&lt;em&gt;katuk&lt;/em&gt;. Mann Whitney test results obtained no significant difference in Hb, MDA level and schistocytes percentage between the groups of mice that received NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;+&lt;em&gt;katuk&lt;/em&gt; NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;+Cu-chlorophyllin (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;gt;0.05). This indicates that chlorophyll from &lt;em&gt;S. androgynus&lt;/em&gt; leaves as effective as Cu-chlorophyllin in decrease the MDA levels after NaNO&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; treatment, and although not significant, it can increase ferritin levels. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp;The antioxidant activity of chlorophyll from &lt;em&gt;katuk&lt;/em&gt; leaves are able to decrease schistocytes percentage&amp;rsquo;s and MDA level. The increasing of Hb and ferritin level indicates its potential in the treatment of haemolityc anaemia. Further studies aimed at the mechanisms of action of this chlorophyll are needed.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">375</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Suparmi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Sampurna&lt;sup&gt;2,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Nur Anna C.S&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Alvenia Meilina Ednisari&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Galuh Dea Urfani&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Iqrommatul Laila&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Heavin Rakhmat Saintika&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Sultan Agung Islamic Hospital, Semarang 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Islam Sultan Agung, Semarang 50112, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meidi Utami Puteri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santi Purna Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Azizahwati</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Anemia Effect of Standardized Extract of Moringa Oleifera Lamk. Leaves on Aniline Induced Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aniline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erythrocyte</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moringa Oleifera L</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Iron.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255-258</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The leaves of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lamk.) have been empirically used as anti-anemia for pregnant woman. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present study, the effect of ethanolic extract of moringa leaves was evaluated on the hematology parameters (hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit), on aniline induced white female rats. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Thirty female rats strain Sprague-Dawley were divided into six groups: normal, anemia and ferrous fumarate group, and three groups of Moringa leaves extract. All groups, except normal group, induced by aniline at dose 0.005 ml/ g bw intraperitonially. On fifth day, normal and anemia groups were given 0.5% CMC, ferrous fumarate group was given ferrous fumarate orally and three other groups were given Moringa leaves extract at doses 198 mg, 396 mg, and 792 mg/200 g bw until the eleventh day. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results showed that as Moringa leaves extracts increased the level of hemoglobin, red blood cell count, hematocrit, and total iron content in blood. Moreover, Moringa leaves extract at dose 792 mg/200 g bw can improve red blood cell&amp;rsquo;s morphology and increased the level of hemoglobin and red blood cell count significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The ethanolic extract of Moringa leaves showed anti-anemia on aniline-induced rats.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">255</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Abdul Mun&amp;rsquo;im&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Meidi Utami Puteri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Santi Purna Sari&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Azizahwati&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Laboratory of Pharmacology-Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Care, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toru Konishi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Masaaki Minami</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zhixia Jiang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tetsuya Arai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toshiaki Makino</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity of Shin'iseihaito (Xin Yi Qing Fei Tang) against Streptococcus pneumoniae</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Baicalin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scutellaria baicalensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shin'iseihaito</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sinusitis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus pneumoniae.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;Shin&amp;#39;iseihaito (Xin yi qing fei tang in Chinese, SSHT), a formula in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and Chinese medicine comprising nine crude drugs, Gypsum, Ophiopogon Tuber, Scutellaria Root (SR, root of &lt;em&gt;Scutellaria baicalensis&lt;/em&gt;), &lt;em&gt;Gardenia Fruit&lt;/em&gt;, Anemarrhena Rhizome, Lilium Bulb, Magnolia Flower, Loquat Leaf, and Cimicifuga Rhizome, is commonly used to treat sinusitis associated with purulent nasal discharge and reddish nasal mucosa. We evaluated anti-bacterial activity of SSHT extract on &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;, the major cause of bacterial sinusitis. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Sterile paper disks impregnated with SSHT extract or each extract of its component were placed on sheep blood agar plates inoculated with &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae &lt;/em&gt;(ATCC 49619). The diameter of inhibitory zone was measured after 20-24 h incubation.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;SSHT extract and each water extract of Ophiopogon Tuber, SR, &lt;em&gt;Gardenia Fruit&lt;/em&gt;, Anemarrhena Rhizome, Lilium Bulb, Magnolia Flower, and Cimicifuga Rhizome showed significant antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;, and SR extract exhibited the largest inhibitory zone. SR extract was partitioned into AcOEt, BuOH, and water layer, and water layer was further separated into 80% EtOH soluble and insoluble fraction. Among them, only 80% EtOH soluble fraction was exhibited antibacterial activity. In this fraction, we found baicalin as the major compounds, and baicalin exhibited antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; pneumoniae &lt;/em&gt;in concentration-dependent manner. &amp;nbsp;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; SSHT has antibacterial activity against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus&lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt; pneumoniae&lt;/em&gt;, and SR and its major constituent baicalin contribute to the antibacterial activity of SSHT against &lt;em&gt;Streptococcus pneumoniae.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">20</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Toru Konishi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Masaaki Minami&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Zhixia Jiang&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Tetsuya Arai&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Toshiaki Makino&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Research and Development Center, Kobayashi Pharmaceutiucal Co. Ltd., 4-10 Doshomachi 4-chome, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girish H V</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinod A B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dhananjaya B L</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satish Kumar D</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Senthil Duraisamy</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Anticancer Potential of Pavonia odorata extract on Human Breast (MD-MB-231), Prostate (PC-3) and Lung (Calu-6) Cancer cell lines</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-cancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drugs</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indian Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">09/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28-30</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;margin-left: -9pt; text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; A huge reservoir of bioactive compounds exists in many species of plants, only a small percentage of which have been examined and continued to be an important source of anticancer agents. Worldwide effects are ongoing to identify new anticancer compounds from plants. With the current decline in the number of new molecular entities from the pharmaceutical industry, novel anticancer agents are being sought from traditional medicines. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; In the present study we investigated the efficacy of methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Pavonia odorata, &lt;/em&gt;for its clonogenic inhibition on Human Breast cancer (MD-MB-231), Prostate cancer (PC-3) and Lung cancer (Calu-6) cell lines. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The cytotoxic effect was evaluated by MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract of &lt;em&gt;P. odorata &lt;/em&gt;showed significant cytotoxicity against MD-MB-231 and Calu-6, when compared to PC-3cells&lt;em&gt;. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;P. odorata, &lt;/em&gt;showed effective cytotoxic activities in a dose dependent manner. Future work will be interesting to know the chemical composition and also better understanding the mechanism of action will help in developing it as drug for therapeutic application.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">28</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girish H V&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinod A B&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dhananjaya B L&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Satish Kumar D&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Senthil Duraisamy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Phytochemistry, G7 Synergon Private Limited, Tatanagar, Sahakarnagar Post, Bangalore, India.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Toxinology/Toxicology and Drug Discovery Unit, Centre for Emerging Technologies (CET), Jain University, Kanakpura Taluk, Ramanagara-562112, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sayeli Vinaykumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Urval Pundarik Rathnakar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ullal Sheetal Dinkar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamath Priyanka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tiwary Gaurav</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shenoy Ashok Kudgi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Revappala Sekhar Nishith</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory activity of BCM-95 (bio-enhanced formulation of turmeric with increased bioavailabilty) compared to Curcumin in Wistar rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Inflammatory agents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bioavailability</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Curcumin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inflammation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar rats.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">380-384</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: To evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of bioenhanced turmeric formulation (BCM-95) compared to commercial Curcumin formulation (Curcuminoids 95%) in Carrageenan-induced acute inflammatory model. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: Thirty six Wistar rats were divided into six groups-Normal control (2 ml of vehicle), Standard control (Indomethacin 10 mg/kg), 2 doses of BCM 95 (10 and 20 mg/kg) and Curcuminoids 95% (10 and 20 mg/kg). Paw volume was measured using a digital plethysmometer. Vehicle or test drugs were given to rats 30 min before carrageenan administration. Baseline paw volume reading (V&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) was noted just prior to administration of 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan to right hind paw of the rat. Test paw volume readings (V&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;) were measured at 30, 60, 120, 180, 240, 300 and 360 min, after carrageenan injection. Oedema expressed as increased paw volume (v&lt;sub&gt;t&lt;/sub&gt;-v&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt;) was noted and percentage inhibition of oedema was calculated for all treatment groups. &lt;strong&gt;Statistical analysis&lt;/strong&gt;: Difference between groups were analyzed with ANOVA followed by Tukey test. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; All treatment groups demonstrated significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) anti-inflammatory activity (oedema suppression) compared to normal control&lt;strong&gt;. &lt;/strong&gt;Anti-inflammatory activity of BCM 95 treated groups were comparable to standard control group except at certain time points, whereas the same activity at all-time points with Curcuminoid 95% treated groups were significantly less than standard control group. Percentage inhibition of paw oedema was maximum with standard control group followed by BCM 95 treated groups followed by Curcuminoid 95% treated groups. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; BCM 95 treated groups showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to Curcuminoid 95% treated groups.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">380</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sayeli Vinaykumar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Urval Pundarik Rathnakar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ullal Sheetal Dinkar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Kamath Priyanka&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Tiwary Gaurav&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ashok Shenoy Kudgi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Revappala Sekhar Nishith&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangaluru, Manipal University, Manipal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Kanachur Institute of Medical Sciences, Deralakatte, Mangaluru. 575018, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Scoop Med Inc, Bengaluru, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iram Nazish</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S H Ansari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poonam Arora</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adil Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiobesity activity of Zingiber officinale</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High-fat diet</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Insulin.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leptin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zingiber officinale</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">440-446</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Zingiber officinale&lt;/em&gt; Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) rhizome, known commonly as ginger is extensively used in Indian traditional system of medicine for treatment of various disorders. The ethanolic &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract is reported to have various activity such as antidiabetic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activity in experimental animals. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate anti-obesity effect of aqueous &lt;em&gt;Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract in murine model of high fat diet (HFD)- induced obesity. Materials and Methods: Male Wistar rats fed with HFD (20 g/day/rat, p.o) for a period of 42 days were used to induce obesity. Aqueous&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract (20 mg/kg b.w.) administered orally to HFD fed rats from day 8 to 50 days for a period of 42 days. Body weight gain, serum lipids, insulin and leptin parameters were measured. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral feeding of the aqueous&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract (20 mg/kg) to HFD-induced obese rats for a period of 42 days resulted in significant reduction in body weight gain, insulin, leptin, lipids as compared to rats fed HFD alone. Further, the extract also showed significant increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL-C) levels.&lt;strong&gt; Discussion and Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results show that aqueous&lt;em&gt; Z. officinale&lt;/em&gt; extract possess significant anti-obesity potential.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">440</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iram Nazish&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, S H Ansari&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Poonam Arora&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Adil Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, HK College of Pharmacy, Oshiwara, Mumbai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh B. Bodla</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Himangini Bansal</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Leaf Extract of Aegle marmelos Correa ex Roxb.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aegle marmelos</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cation scavenging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free radical scavenging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reducing power.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">447-450</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;Aegle marmelos&lt;/em&gt; are reported to have hypoglycemic and anticancer effects. While a lot of information is available about the antioxidant activity of fruit of&lt;em&gt; A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; not much information is available about the antioxidant activity of the leaf of&lt;em&gt; A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The primary objective if this study was to ascertain the antioxidant activity of leaf extract of &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; (AME). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; AME was evaluated for total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) by Folin-Ciocalteau reagent method and by aluminium chloride method, respectively. Antioxidant activity of AME was assessed by FRAP assay, DPPH assay, ABTS cation scavenging activity and by reducing power determination. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: High levels of TPC and TFC were found in AME which showed antioxidant activity comparable to vitamin C. Significant correlation between TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity of AME was found when Pearson&amp;rsquo;s correlation is applied. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study proved that the leaves of&lt;em&gt; A. marmelos&lt;/em&gt; have high antioxidant component.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">447</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sachin Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh B. Bodla&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Himangini Bansal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, DIPSAR, New Delhi, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, DIPSAR, New Delhi, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsia Tarnam Yakoob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nargis Begum Tajuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ilyas Mohammed Hussain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shilu Mathew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archunan Govindaraju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishtiaq Qadri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities of Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook F. Ex Benth. Root Mediated Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. anisata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucose and Silver nitrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvernanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">579-586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The present study was carried out to examine the hypoglycemic effect of Silver Nanoparticles (SNPs) using ethanolic root extract of &lt;em&gt;Clausena anisata&lt;/em&gt; (Willd.) Hook. f. ex Benth. A cost effective and eco friendly technique for green synthesis of SNPs from 1mM AgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; solution through the root extract was carried out. The biosynthesized SNPs were characterized using UV spectrophotometry, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectrometry. DPPH assay was done to determine the antioxidant activity and for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; hypoglycemic activity glucose uptake by yeast cells, alpha amylase inhibition assay, adsorption capacity and glucose diffusion assay was performed. The SNPs of ethanolic root extract were found to be spherical in shape and up to 32.75 nm average in size. They showed alpha amylase inhibitory activity of 83.60% at 500 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml. The glucose uptake by yeast cells was found to increase with an increase in concentration. The maximum glucose uptake was found to be 69.51% at 10mM concentration. The molar concentration of glucose was directly proportional to the glucose binding capacity of extracts.The rate of glucose diffusion across the membrane was found to increase from 30 to 180 minutes. The DPPH scavenging activity was found to be potent (74.07%) at 500 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml. The hypoglycemic effect exhibited by the SNPs was revealed by simple in vitro model of yeast cells, mediated by glucose adsorption, increasing glucose diffusion and glucose transport across the cell membrane.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">579</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arsia Tarnam Yakoob&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nargis Begum Tajuddin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Ilyas Mohammed Hussain&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shilu Mathew&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ishtiaq Qadri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;* and Archunan Govindaraju&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department Of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Trichy- 20, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department Of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Trichy- 20, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Center For Pheromone Technology, Department Of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620 024, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peraman Muthukumaran</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nachimuthu Saraswathy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijayasekar Aswitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh Balan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Venkatesh Babu Gokhul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Palanikumar Indumathi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sivasubramani Yuvapriya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Total Phenolic, Flavonoid, Tannin Content and Phytochemical Screening of Leaf and Flower Extracts from Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Backer ex K.Heyne: a comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peltophorum pterocarpum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solvent extraction.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tannin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">140-143</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of leaf and flower extract of &lt;em&gt;Peltophorum pterocarpum&lt;/em&gt; (DC.) Backer ex K.Heyne was compared.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;To explore total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of both leaf and flower extracts of &lt;em&gt;Peltophorum pterocarpum &lt;/em&gt;(DC) K Heyne. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Initially, collected fresh leaves and flower samples were shade dried and extracted with various solvents such as aqueous methanol (1:1), ethyl acetate, ethanol and aqueous. Qualitative analysis was performed for various phytochemical. Then the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and total tannin content was estimated. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; In preliminary phyto-chemical examination of various solvent extracts of both leaf and flowers of &lt;em&gt;P. pterocarpum&lt;/em&gt; revealed that the presence of various phytochemicals such as phlobatannins, terpenoids, alkaloids, saponins, tannin, reducing sugars, phenols and steroids. In phtyochemical evaluation, when compare with all other solvents, Ethanolic extracts shows maximum extractive value. In case of ethyl acetate, it shows very low extractive value in all three phyto-chemicals. In phytochemical evaluation studies, total phenolic content of leaves shows highest in ethanolic extract (33.17 &amp;plusmn; 4.72 mg/g) and lowest in ethyl acetate extract from flower (4.71 &amp;plusmn; 0.07 mg/g), Similarly, flavonoid content of leaves shows highest in ethanolic extract (1.43 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 mg/g) and lowest in aqueous extract of flower (0.23 &amp;plusmn; 0.09 mg/g) but in case of tannin content, flower extracts shows higher tannin content in ethanolic extract (844.59 &amp;plusmn; 10.38 mg/g) whereas lowest tannin content in leaf ethyl acetate extract (9.54 &amp;plusmn; 6.98 mg/g).&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This is first report of comparative studies on total phenolic, flavonoid and tannin content of various solvent extracts both leaves and flowers from &lt;em&gt;Peltophorum pterocarpum&lt;/em&gt; (DC) K Heyne.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">140</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Peraman Muthukumaran&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Nachimuthu Saraswathy, Vijayasekar Aswitha, Ramesh Balan, Venkatesh Babu Gokhul, Palanikumar Indumathi and Sivasubramani Yuvapriya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India - 641 049&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reshmi B</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thangavelu Lakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awareness of Complimentary and Alternative Medicine- A Cross Sectional Survey Among Pharmacists</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">awareness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Complementary and alternative medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">knowledge</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">pharmacist</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593-594</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To determine the prevalence of complementary and alternative medicine among pharmacists. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and method:&lt;/strong&gt; This survey was a cross sectional study. A set of 30 questionnaires containing 15 questions where given to various pharmacists of different colleges. Datas were collected and statistics was done using SPSS software and represented in graph form. &lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) by the U.S. population increased significantly in the past 2 decades. The purpose of this study was to determine, among the Indian community, the prevalence and utilisation patterns of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM), attitudes associated with CAM use and communication patterns of CAM users.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The knowledge about and use of CAM is wide among pharmacists . In- depth studies on the knowledge and use of CAM among other health care professionals and among ethnic minorities are urgently needed and may help to better manage the treatment of minor disorders as well as chronic diseases.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">593</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;B. Reshmi ,Thangavelu Lakshmi. &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College &amp;amp; Hospitals, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajagopal Ramasubramania raja</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Koumara Velou Kailasam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abutilon indicum L (Malvaceae)-Medicinal Potential Review</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abutilon indicum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti asthmatic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-proliferative activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-Dec 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">330-332</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The plant Abutilon Indicum (Linn.) is belonging to malvaceae family; Also known as Mallow in english, Abutilon indicum is used as a medicinal plant. It has been reported that Abutilon indicum has Anti inflammatory and Antiproliferative activity, Anti-Arthritic activity, Analgesic and Sedative property, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial activity, Hepatoprotective activity, Anti diabetic, Anti cancer, Anti diarrhoeal, Anti-convulsant, Larvicidal, Wound healing, Anti asthmatic, Diuretic, Immunomodulatory, and Anti-estrogenic activity. It is proved that this plant contains carbohydrates, proteins and aminio acids, saponins, flavanoids, glycosides, phytosterols and phenolic compounds&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Review Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">330</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajagopa&lt;sup&gt;l&lt;/sup&gt; Ramasubramania raja&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt; and Koumara Velou Kailasam&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Research Scholar PRIST University, Thanjavur, T.N, India. 2Registrar, PRIST University, Thanjavur, T.N, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti Hypertensive Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Lantana camara leaves on high salt loaded wistar albino rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EELC (Ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and Normotensive rats (NTR).</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar albino rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9th June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-3</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;In an attempt to scientifically evaluate the antihypertensive activity of etanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/em&gt; in different experimental models. Anti hypertensive activity of EELC was evaluate by frog heart, anaesthetic chick and salt induced rat model. EELC produced negative inotropic and negative chronotropic effect, antagonised by atropine on isolated frog heart. EELC shows dose dependent (p&amp;lt;0.05) decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) an anaesthetic chick. salt treated rats displayed significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) increase in blood level of SGOT,SGPT, Creatinine and sodium, decreases in pottassim levels compare than normal rats. Treatment of EELC (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly balanced the ionic levels, such as lower the sodium and elevate the potassium levels. Creatinine levels were significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) reduces by the treatment of EELC. These are no significant changes occurred in serum SGOT and SGPT with the treatment of EELC. The present study suggest that treatment of EELC on Salt hypertensive rats protects against renal injuries maintaining the normal ionic composition as well as parameters.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; EELC (ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/em&gt; leaves), Wistar albino rats, Hypertension, mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and normotensive rats (NTR).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vijay Kumar M&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Praveen Kumar P&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvia N&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sathis P&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Prasad K&lt;sup&gt;4* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3,4&lt;/sup&gt;Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh- 534202&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vijay Kumar Matta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Praveen Kumar Pasala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Netala</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Satish Pandrinki</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad Konduri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti Hypertensive Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Lantana camara leaves on high salt loaded wistar albino rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">EELC (Ethanolic extract of Lantana camara leaves)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypertension</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) and Normotensive rats (NTR).</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wistar albino rats</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289-295</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Hypertension is the most common and major cardiovascular disease. There is an urgent need for treament of hypertension by exploration of several medicinal plants having potent anti hypertensive activity as the modern medicines are having many side effects. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The study focus on scientific evaluation of antihypertensive activity of ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/em&gt; leaves (EELC) in different experimental models. &lt;strong&gt;Material &amp;amp; methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antihypertensive activity was conducted on wister albino rats by determining serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT), serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase (SGPT), creatinine and Sodium levels by using Semi Autoanalyser and Flame photometer; chick mean arterial blood pressure by using condon&amp;rsquo;s mercury manometer and isolated frog heart for recording cardic responses using student kymograph. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; EELC produced negative inotropic and negative chronotropic effect, antagonised by atropine on isolated frog heart. EELC shows dose dependent (p&amp;lt;0.05) decreased mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) in anaesthetic chick. Salt treated rats displayed significant (p&amp;lt;0.05) increase in blood level of SGOT, SGPT, Creatinine and sodium, decrease in pottassim levels in comparision with normal rats. Treatment with EELC (200 and 400 mg/kg) significantly balanced the ionic levels such as lower the sodium and elevate the potassium levels. Creatinine levels were signifi-cantly (p&amp;lt;0.05) reduced by the treatment with EELC. There are no significant changes occurred in serum SGOT and SGPT upon EELC administration. The present study suggests that treatment of salt hypertensive rats with EELC protects against renal injuries.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; It was concluded that ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Lantana camara&lt;/em&gt; leaves reduces work load of heart, maintain inotonic levels by negative chronotropic effect, relaxes the smooth muscles in chick and salt hypertensive rats against renal and vascular injuries is proved.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">289</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vijay Kumar Matta, Praveen Kumar Pasala&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvia Netala, Satish Pandrinki and Prasad Konduri &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Shri Vishnu College of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram, Andhra Pradesh, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torres Carola Analía</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuñez María Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isla María Inés</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro Marcela Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonzalez Ana María</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zampini Iris Catiana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Tinctures from Tree leaves belonging to the Bignoniaceae family and their Synergistic Effect with Antibiotics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Checkerboard method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gentamicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tabebuia nodosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time-kill experiments.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400-405</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Some species of Bignoniaceae are widely used in medicinal practice by the natives of South America. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; Tinctures and infusions from twelve tree species of this family were evaluated for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The effect of interactions between the four most active extracts and conventional antibiotics was also evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; Bioautography and disc diffusion methods were used to select the most active extracts, then agar macrodilution and broth microdilution method were used to determine the minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC). Time-kill assay and checkerboard method were employed to determine the type of antimicrobial effect and synergism, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; It could be determined that tinctures from &lt;em&gt;Catalpa bignonioides&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Handroanthus pulcherrimus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia nodosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tecoma stans&lt;/em&gt; were able to inhibit bacterial growth. The MIC and MBC observed were between 125-1000 &amp;mu;g GAE/ ml and 500-1000 &amp;mu;g GAE/ml, respectively. The tested extracts were more effective against Gram-positive microorganisms. Time-kill experiments indicated bacteriostatic activity. Phytochemical screening showed terpenoids, phenols and flavonoids. Alkaloids were detected only in Tecoma stans. Among these combinations, the best was &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia nodosa &lt;/em&gt;extract plus gentamicin. In most cases, MIC values were reduced 16-32 times for antibiotics, and even 8-16 times for extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results revealed that some of the selected combinations could efficiently inhibit the growth of tested strains at lower concentrations than those required for the lonely use of the antimicrobial. These extracts would improve the efficacy of antibiotics against resistant bacteria, hence they could be used for anti-infective therapy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Torres Carola Anal&amp;iacute;a&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nu&amp;ntilde;ez Mar&amp;iacute;a Beatriz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Isla Mar&amp;iacute;a In&amp;eacute;s&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Castro Marcela Paola&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gonzalez Ana Mar&amp;iacute;a&lt;sup&gt;1,2,5&lt;/sup&gt; and Zampini Iris Catiana&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Ciencias B&amp;aacute;sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral (UNCAUS), Comandante Fern&amp;aacute;ndez 755-Presidencia Roque S&amp;aacute;enz Pe&amp;ntilde;a, Chaco, Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorio de Microbiolog&amp;iacute;a de los Alimentos (UNCAUS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient&amp;iacute;ficas y T&amp;eacute;cnicas (CONICET), Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Qu&amp;iacute;mica del Noroeste Argentino (INQUINOA-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tucum&amp;aacute;n. Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;C&amp;aacute;tedra de Qu&amp;iacute;mica Org&amp;aacute;nica y Biol&amp;oacute;gica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML y Facultad de Bioqu&amp;iacute;mica, Qu&amp;iacute;mica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Bot&amp;aacute;nica del Nordeste IBONE (CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131, Corrientes. Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nahid Mahmoud Hassan El-Ameen</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asaad Khalid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatima Elfatih</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mona Awad Kamel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bassem Yousif Sheikh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic Properties of Thymoquinone is unassociated with Glycogen Phosphorylase Inhibition</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycogen phosphorylase inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thymoquinone.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">406-410</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Nigella sativa&lt;/em&gt; L. (Black seed), is commonly used by traditional healers as a remedy for more than four thousand years. The antidiabetic property of &lt;em&gt;N. sativa&lt;/em&gt; seeds oil is attributable to the presence of Thymoquinone (TQ). On the other hand many studies have been designed to investigate the possible effects of the TQ in Streptozotocin (STZ) and nicotinamide (NA)-induced diabetes in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Aim of the study: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanisms underlying the glucose lowering effects of thymoquinone. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; using glycogen phosphorylase (GPa) enzyme assay and docking tools were used. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of TQ for 60 days, dose dependently improved the glycemic status in STZ-NA induced diabetic rats. GPa activity was measured in the direction of glycogen synthesis by the release of phosphate from glucose-1-phosphate. TQ at a concentration of 0.05 Mm inhibits GPa activity by only 14.9%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results show that TQ at 60 mg/kg b.w is associated with potential antihyperglycemic effects. Furthermore, anti-diabetic properties of TQ are unassociated with glycogen phosphorylase inhibition.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">406</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nahid Mahmoud Hassan El-Ameen&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Asaad Khalid&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatima Elfatih&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mona Awad Kamel&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Bassem Yousif Sheikh&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Research Unit, Researcher at Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research Institute, National Centre for Research, P. O. Box 2420 Khartoum, Sudan.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Surgery, MABL Chair, College of Medicine, Taibah University, Saudi Arabia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richa Agrawal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh Maheshwari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramachandran Balaraman</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avinash Seth</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperglycemic and Anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in Streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabac</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycated hemoglobin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver glycogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum lipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">283-288</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of the work was to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to evaluate effect of Diabac on elevated glucose level. The type 2 diabetes was induced by overnight fasted rats by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, 15 min. after the i.p. administration of 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. The diabetic rats were treated with Diabac (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) or glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, p.o) for four week. Various parameters were studied such as fasting blood sugar level, serum insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA&lt;sub&gt;1C&lt;/sub&gt;), serum lipid levels, se rum creatinine, urea, uric acid and liver glycogen. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Treatment with Diabac significantly reduced the blood sugar levels in OGTT. Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in the levels of glycated hemoglobin, serum lipids, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was a decrease in serum insulin, liver glycogen and HDL-C levels as compared to normal control rats. The administration of Diabac or glibenclamide significantly decreased the levels of glycated hemoglobin, TG, TC, LDL-C, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was an increase in the levels of liver glycogen and HDL-C as compared to diabetic control rats. However, the treatment with Diabac did not show any significant change in serum insulin levels as compared to diabetic control rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results of present study concluded that Diabac has anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic activities which are responsible for its use in traditional medicine.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">283</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Richa Agrawal, Rajesh Maheshwari&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramachandran Balaraman and Avinash Seth &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-hyperglycemic and anti-lipidemic activities of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabac</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycated hemoglobin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver glycogen</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Serum lipids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9th June 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-2</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The objective of the work was to investigate the antidiabetic activity of Diabac (a polyherbal formulation) in streptozotocin-nicotinamide induced type 2 diabetic rats. Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed to evaluate effect of Diabac on elevated glucose level. The type 2 diabetes was induced by overnight fasted rats by a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of 65 mg/kg streptozotocin, 15 min. after the i.p. administration of 110 mg/kg nicotinamide. The diabetic rats were treated with Diabac (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg, p.o.) or glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, p.o) for four week. Various parameters were studied such as fasting blood sugar level, serum insulin levels, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), serum lipid levels, serum creatinine, urea, uric acid and liver glycogen. Treatment with Diabac significantly reduced the blood sugar levels in OGTT. Diabetic rats showed a significant increase in the levels of glycated hemoglobin, serum lipids, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was a decrease in serum insulin, liver glycogen and HDL-C levels as compared to normal control rats. The administration of Diabac or glibenclamide significantly decreased the levels of glycated hemoglobin, TG, TC, LDL-C, serum creatinine, urea and uric acid, whereas there was an increase in the levels of liver glycogen and HDL-C as compared to diabetic control rats. However, the treatment with Diabac did not show any significant change in serum insulin levels as compared to diabetic control rats. These results of present study concluded that Diabac has anti-diabetic and anti-lipidemic activities which are responsible for its use in traditional medicine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Diabac, glycated hemoglobin, liver glycogen, serum lipids, Streptozotocin.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Richa Agrawal&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rajesh A Maheshwari&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, R. Balaraman&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Avinash K Seth&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Sumandeep Vidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bassem Yousef Sheikh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Waleed Syaed Koko</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial Effects of Thymoquinone on Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Entamoeba histolytica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Giardia lamblia.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigella sativa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prophetic Medicine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thymoquinone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">168-170</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Parasitic infections are a major difficulty in tropical and subtropical countries. Traditionally medicinal plants have been used in folk medicine to treat parasitic infections and are a valuable source of novel anti-parasitics. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;In our search for therapeutic alternatives to anti- protozoal chemotherapy, thymoquinone, the active ingredient of Black cumin (Nigella sativa) was examined. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Thymoquinone was tested against Entamoeba histolytica and Giardia lamblia using in vitro susceptibility assays and the mortality of the parasites were then obtained using the standard calculations. The compound was also tested for 48 and 72 hours on both parasites. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The current study indicate that the mortality of TQ showed 85.5%, 91.5% and 96.8% mortality on E. histolytica for 25 ppm at 24 hr, 48 and 72 hr, respectively, with IC50 2&amp;yen;10-19,. On the other hand, this natural compound showed a mortality of 82.83%, 91.76% and 96.62% mortality on G. lamblia for 25 ppm at 24 hr, 48 and 72 hr, respectively, with IC50 4.8&amp;yen;10-5. Metrondizole powder gave 70.9% mortality at 156 ppm at the same times.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The current results indicate that TQ is more potent on E. histolytica compared to G. lamblia. Further pharmacological studies were needed to help in the clinical presentation of thymoquinone.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">168</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bassem Yousef Sheikh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manal Mohamed Elhassan Taha&lt;sup&gt;2,&lt;/sup&gt; Waleed Syaed Koko&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, and Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Al-Moalim MA Bin Ladin (MABL) chair for Scientific Miracles of Prophetic Medicine, College of Medicine, Taibah University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Unit of Biomedical Research, Medical Research Centre, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 Jazan, Jazan 45142, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, Medicinal and Aromatic Research Institute, National Research Centre, Khartoum, SAUDI ARABIA. 4Unit of Biomedical Research, Substance Abuse Research Centre, Jazan University, P.O. Box 114 Jazan, Jazan 45142, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameyaw Elvis Ofori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woode Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyei Samuel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biny Peter Robert</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boampong Johnson Nyarko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Nociceptive Synergism of Pregabalin and Xylopic acid Co-administration in Paclitaxel-induced Neuropathy: Isobolographic Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isobolograms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropathic pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paclitaxel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xylopic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7th July 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-57</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Paclitaxel-induced neuropathy still remains a clinical problem for patients undergoing chemotherapy. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The objective of the study was to determine the interaction between xylopic acid and pregabalinco-administration as well as their toxicity in paclitaxel-induced neuropathy. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Neuropathic pain was induced in rats with 2 mg/kg of paclitaxel on alternative days for four days (days 0, 2, 4 and 6). Equi effective doses of xylopic acid and pregabalin that produced 50% anti-nociception (ED50) were determined from their log-dose response curves in the cold allodynia and thermal pain tests. Xylopic acid and pregabalin were again administered to rats in a fixed ratio combination (1:1) of their ED50&amp;rsquo;sin order to determine the experimental ED50 (Zexp) of the co-administered compounds. Isobolograms were constructed to compare the Zexp to a theoretical ED50 (Zadd). Blood samples from the various treatment groups of rats were collected for toxicological assessment of the co-administered compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The Zexplay below the Zadd on the isobologram of the cold allodnia test. The co-administration exhibited additivity in the thermal pain test. The co-administration did not produce significant (p&amp;gt;0.05) toxicity in rats. The co-administration may be beneficial in paclitaxel-induced neuropathy.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Isobolograms, Neuropathic pain, Paclitaxel, xylopic acid, Toxicity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ameyaw Elvis Ofori&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Woode Eric&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kyei Samuel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Biny Peter Robert&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Boampong Johnson Nyarko&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Optometry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ameyaw Elvis Ofori</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boampong Johnson Nyarko</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kyei Samuel</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Woode Eric</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biny Peter Robert</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Nociceptive Synergism of Pregabalin and Xylopic acid Co-administration in Paclitaxel-induced Neuropathy: Isobolographic Analysis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isobolograms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neuropathic pain</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Paclitaxel</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">xylopic acid</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-Dec 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">363-368</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">363</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ameyaw Elvis Ofori&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Woode Eric&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Kyei Samuel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Biny Peter Robert&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Boampong Johnson Nyarko&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical and Forensic Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. 2Department of Optometry, School of Physical Sciences, College of Agriculture and Natural Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana. 3Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puttasiddiah Rachitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnaswamy Krupashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhath Khanum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Effects of Asparagus racemosus in Human Colon and Mice Muscle Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AAPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein oxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single cell gel electrophoresis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9th Feb, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182-190</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of Asparagus racemosus water (AWE) and methanolic (AME) fractions of roots. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The in vitro antioxidant activity of AWE/AME was estimated by free radical scavenging assays. The DNA damage of HT29 and C2C12 cells was analyzed by comet assay. The plasmid DNA damage and protein oxidation were carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis respectively, where as lipid peroxidation was performed by TBARS assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Both the extracts showed scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 417.4 &amp;plusmn; 19.5 / 298 &amp;plusmn; 13.5, 381 &amp;plusmn; 18.2 / 235 &amp;plusmn; 11.9, 54.8 &amp;plusmn; 2.95 / 31.6 &amp;plusmn; 1.52, 28.9 &amp;plusmn; 1.73 / 19.7 &amp;plusmn; 1.55 &amp;mu;g/mL for DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. Similarly the methanolic extract showed more potent reducing power and total antioxidant activities over water fraction. The AME showed 56.8% and 41.2% protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (Hydrogen peroxide) induced DNA damage of HT29 human colon cells and C2C12 murine myoblasts. The extract also showed protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; induced plasmid DNA damge, AAPH induced protein oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lipid peroxidation of rat hepatic tissue. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Over all this study showed remarkable antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of A.racemosus. The observed biological properties may be attributed to the high content phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract A. racemosus over water extract.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;AAPH, &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt;, C2C12, HT29, Protein oxidation, Single cell gel electrophoresis.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree, Puttasiddiah Rachitha, Krishnaswamy Krupashree, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar, Farhath Khanum&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Nanosciences discipline, Defence food research laboratory, Siddartha Nagar, Mysore, Karnataka-570 011, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puttasiddiah Rachitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnaswamy Krupashree</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Farhath Khanum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Effects of Asparagus racemosus in Human Colon and Mice Muscle Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AAPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C2C12</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HT29</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Protein oxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Single cell gel electrophoresis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182-190</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt; water (AWE) and methanolic (AME) fractions of roots. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity of AWE/AME was estimated by free radical scavenging assays. The DNA damage of HT29 and C2C12 cells was analyzed by comet assay. The plasmid DNA damage and protein oxidation were carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis respectively, where as lipid peroxidation was performed by TBARS assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Both the extracts showed scavenging activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 417.4 &amp;plusmn; 19.5 / 298 &amp;plusmn; 13.5, 381 &amp;plusmn; 18.2 / 235 &amp;plusmn; 11.9, 54.8 &amp;plusmn; 2.95 / 31.6 &amp;plusmn; 1.52, 28.9 &amp;plusmn; 1.73 / 19.7 &amp;plusmn; 1.55 &amp;mu;g/mL for DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. Similarly the methanolic extract showed more potent reducing power and total antioxidant activities over water fraction. The AME showed 56.8% and 41.2% protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (Hydrogen peroxide) induced DNA damage of HT29 human colon cells and C2C12 murine myoblasts. The extract also showed protection against H&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;O&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; induced plasmid DNA damge, AAPH induced protein oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lipid peroxidation of rat hepatic tissue. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Over all this study showed remarkable antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of &lt;em&gt;A. racemosus.&lt;/em&gt; The observed biological properties may be attributed to the high content phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract &lt;em&gt;A. racemosus&lt;/em&gt; over water extract.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">182</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree, Puttasiddiah Rachitha, Krishnaswamy Krupashree, Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar, Farhath Khanum&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Nanosciences discipline, Defence food research laboratory, Siddartha Nagar, Mysore, Karnataka-570 011, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Moteriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemali Padaliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejas Rathod</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Baravalia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagenaria siceraria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Nov, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-73</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of Lagenaria siceraria.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2&amp;rsquo;-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; L. &lt;em&gt;siceraria&lt;/em&gt; peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 111 &amp;mu;g/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 39 &amp;mu;g/ml while other parts were ineffective. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of L. &lt;em&gt;siceraria&lt;/em&gt; vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lagenaria siceraria&lt;/em&gt;, antioxidant activity, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, total phenol.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda, Pooja Moteriya, Hemali Padalia, Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumitra Chanda&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Pooja Moteriya, Hemali Padaliya, Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Microbiological Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University - Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Moteriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemali Padaliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejas Rathod</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Baravalia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagenaria siceraria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-73</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of &lt;em&gt;Lagenaria siceraria&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2&amp;rsquo;-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;L. siceraria&lt;/em&gt; peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 111 &amp;mu;g/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 39 &amp;mu;g/ml while other parts were ineffective. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;L. siceraria&lt;/em&gt; vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gargi Nag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukriti Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susmita Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bratati De</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suvra Mandal</style></author></secondary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-glycosidase properties of three species of Swertia, their xanthones and amarogentin: A comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholinesterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertia Sp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mar-Apr 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117-123</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the study was to analyze the antioxidant, anti-amylase, anti-glucosidase and antiacetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) properties of the leafy shoots of three Indian species of Swertia e.g. Swertia chirata and its substitutes Swertia bimaculata, and Swertia decussata, their xanthones and amarogentin. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of leafy shoots was measured in terms of DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities as well as metal chelating properties. Enzyme inhibitory properties were measured using AChE, &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase respectively. Five xanthones bellidifolin (1), swerchirin (2), decussatin (3), mangiferin (4) and 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone (6) and one iridoid, amarogentin (5) were isolated from Swertia chirata. The activities of the isolated components were compared. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Swertia chirata exhibited best antioxidant and anti-AChE properties than the other two species. The plants also possessed &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory properties but weak &amp;alpha;-amylase inhibitory activity. Highest activities were observed in Swertia chirata. We report here, for the first time, the antioxidant, anti-AChE and anti-glycosidase activity of 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone. This xanthone had strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity and anti-AChE property. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest the beneficial effects of the xanthones of Swertia chirata. But further study should be carried out to prove the efficacy in vivo&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gargi Nag&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt; Sukriti Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Susmita Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suvra Mandal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bratati De&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India 2Department of Chemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gargi Nag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukriti Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Susmita Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suvra Mandal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bratati De</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, anti-acetylcholinesterase and anti-glycosidase properties of three species of Swertia, their xanthones and amarogentin: A comparative study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholinesterase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glycosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swertia Sp.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Xanthone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Dec, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117-123</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to analyze the antioxidant, anti-amylase, anti-glucosidase and antiacetylcholinesterase (anti-AChE) properties of the leafy shoots of three Indian species of &lt;em&gt;Swertia&lt;/em&gt; e.g. &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt; and its substitutes &lt;em&gt;Swertia bimaculata,&lt;/em&gt; and Swertia decussata, their xanthones and amarogentin. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of leafy shoots was measured in terms of DPPH, superoxide and nitric oxide radical scavenging activities as well as metal chelating properties. Enzyme inhibitory properties were measured using AChE, &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase respectively. Five xanthones bellidifolin (1), swerchirin (2), decussatin (3), mangiferin (4) and 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone (6) and one iridoid, amarogentin (5) were isolated from &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt;. The activities of the isolated components were compared. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt; exhibited best antioxidant and anti-AChE properties than the other two species. The plants also possessed &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibitory properties but weak &amp;alpha;-amylase inhibitory activity. Highest activities were observed in &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt;. We report here, for the first time, the antioxidant, anti-AChE and anti-glycosidase activity of 1-hydroxy-3,5,8-trimethoxy xanthone. This xanthone had strongest DPPH radical scavenging activity and anti-AChE property. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest the beneficial effects of the xanthones of &lt;em&gt;Swertia chirata&lt;/em&gt;. But further study should be carried out to prove the efficacy &lt;em&gt;in vivo. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Swertia Sp.,&lt;/em&gt; Xanthone, Glycosidase, Acetylcholinesterase, Antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">117</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Gargi Nag&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukriti Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Susmita Das&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suvra Mandal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Bratati De&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Phytochemistry and Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Centre of Advanced Study, Department of Botany, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700019, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, National Research Institute of Ayurvedic Drug Development, Bidhannagar, Kolkata 700091, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Tyrosinase and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Thai Herbal Extracts Traditionally Used as Skin Toner</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anti-tyrosinase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dopachrome method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">skin lightening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">traditional skin toners</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-101</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Skin darkness may be cosmetically undesirable for some people. Plant-derived materials traditionally used for skin lightening may produce satisfactory results. Besides innate tyrosinase activity, oxidative stress also plays an important role in skin darkness by activating tyrosinase. Therefore, herbal extracts with strong anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities could be considered as efficacious skin lightening agents. The aims of the present study were to determine the anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities of Thai medicinal plant extracts indigenously used as skin toners. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The activities of seven Thai medicinal plants; Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., Phyllanthus emblica Linn., Tagetes erecta Linn., Centella asiatica, Raphanus sativusvar. Longipinnatus Linn., Cassia fistula Linn. and Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. were investigated using the DOPA-chrome method to determine anti-tyrosinase activity and the DPPH free radical scavenging assay to determine antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; With respect to tyrosinase inhibitory activity, P. emblica, B. monosperma and R. sativusvar. Longipinnatus extracts at a concentration of 1.67 mg/mL showed strong activities with the percentage of tyrosinase inhibition at 48.38&amp;plusmn;4.77, 46.92&amp;plusmn;3.77 and 42.85&amp;plusmn;6.54%, respectively. In addition, P. emblica and B. monosperma extracts also exhibited high antioxidant activities with the IC50values on 33.47&amp;plusmn;1.24 and 33.57&amp;plusmn;1.92 mg/mL, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on tyrosinase inhibition activity and DPPH radical scavenging assays, the herbal extracts of P. emblica and B. monosperma show promise as potential skin lighteners in cosmetic formulations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bunleu Sungthong* and Methin Phadungkit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai district, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Tyrosinase and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Thai Herbal Extracts Traditionally Used as Skin Toner</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anti-tyrosinase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dopachrome method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">skin lightening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">traditional skin toners</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Dec, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-101</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Skin darkness may be cosmetically undesirable for some people. Plant-derived materials traditionally used for skin lightening may produce satisfactory results. Besides innate tyrosinase activity, oxidative stress also plays an important role in skin darkness by activating tyrosinase. Therefore, herbal extracts with strong anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities could be considered as efficacious skin lightening agents. The aims of the present study were to determine the anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities of Thai medicinal plant extracts indigenously used as skin toners. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The activities of seven Thai medicinal plants; &lt;em&gt;Zingiber cassumunar Roxb&lt;/em&gt;., &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt; Linn., &lt;em&gt;Tagetes erecta &lt;/em&gt;Linn., Centella asiatica, Raphanus sativusvar. Longipinnatus Linn., &lt;em&gt;Cassia fistula &lt;/em&gt;Linn. and&lt;em&gt; Butea monosperma &lt;/em&gt;(Lam.) Taub. were investigated using the DOPA-chrome method to determine anti-tyrosinase activity and the DPPH free radical scavenging assay to determine antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; With respect to tyrosinase inhibitory activity, &lt;em&gt;P. emblica&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;B. monosperma &lt;/em&gt;and R. sativusvar. &lt;em&gt;Longipinnatus &lt;/em&gt;extracts at a concentration of 1.67 mg/mL showed strong activities with the percentage of tyrosinase inhibition at 48.38&amp;plusmn;4.77, 46.92&amp;plusmn;3.77 and 42.85&amp;plusmn;6.54 %, respectively. In addition, P. &lt;em&gt;emblica &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;B. monosperma &lt;/em&gt;extracts also exhibited high antioxidant activities with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;values on 33.47&amp;plusmn;1.24 and 33.57&amp;plusmn;1.92 mg/mL, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on tyrosinase inhibition activity and DPPH radical scavenging assays, the herbal extracts of&lt;em&gt; P. emblica &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;B. monosperma&lt;/em&gt; show promise as potential skin lighteners in cosmetic formulations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; antioxidant activity, Dopachrome method, skin lightening, traditional skin toners, anti-tyrosinase inhibitory activity, DPPH radical scavenging assay.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bunleu Sungthong* and Methin Phadungkit &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai district, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravinder Kaur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarabjit Kaur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic Potential of Methanol Extract from Ageratum conyzoides Linn Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ageratum conyzoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jul-Aug 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236-241</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Ageratum conyzoides Linn. (Asteraceae) has been widely used in African traditional medicine for healing mental and infectious diseases. The present study was designed to scientifically validate the traditional claim of A. conzyoides as anti-anxiety drug and to identify the compound responsible for the anxiolytic effects of A. conzyoides. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract of A. conzyoides was prepared by soxhlet apparatus. The methanol extract was fractionated into ethylacetate and butanol fractions by liquid-liquid partitioning method. Methanol extract (100 and 200 mg/kg; p.o.) and its prepared fractions (25 and 50 mg/kg; p.o.) were evaluated for anxiolytic activity in mice by using elevated plus maze (EPM) model. Thin layer chromatography studies were performed to identify the possible anxiolytic component. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanol extract at both doses showed significant, when compared to vehicle control group, increase in time spent and number of entries in open arms of EPM confirming the anti-anxiety effects of A. conzyoides. Liquid-liquid partitioning of methanol extract gave two fractions (ethylacetate and butanol) which were administrated at 25 and 50 mg/kg doses to mice in EPM, respectively. Results showed that ethylacetate fraction was responsible for anxiolytic effects of methanol extract of A. conzyoides. The TLC studies were carried out for ethylacetate fraction and Quercetin was identified by comparing Rf values with the standard (Quercetin). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present investigation revealed that the extract has significant anxiolytic effect. The flavonoid quercetin may be responsible for the observed anxiolytic effects of A. conyzoides.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ravinder Kaur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Sarabjit Kaur&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, INDIA&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravinder Kaur</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarabjit Kaur</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic Potential of Methanol Extract from Ageratum conyzoides Linn Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ageratum conyzoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anxiolytic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanol extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29th Apr, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236-241</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides&lt;/em&gt; Linn. (&lt;em&gt;Asteraceae&lt;/em&gt;) has been widely used in African traditional medicine for healing mental and infectious diseases. The present study was designed to scientifically validate the traditional claim of A. conzyoides as anti-anxiety drug and to identify the compound responsible for the anxiolytic effects of A. conzyoides.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; The methanol extract of A. conzyoides was prepared by soxhlet apparatus. The methanol extract was fractionated into ethylacetate and butanol fractions by liquid-liquid partitioning method. Methanol extract (100 and 200 mg/kg; p.o.) and its prepared fractions (25 and 50 mg/kg; p.o.) were evaluated for anxiolytic activity in mice by using elevated plus maze (EPM) model. Thin layer chromatography studies were performed to identify the possible anxiolytic component. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Methanol extract at both doses showed significant, when compared to vehicle control group, increase in time spent and number of entries in open arms of EPM confirming the anti-anxiety effects of A. conzyoides. Liquid-liquid partitioning of methanol extract gave two fractions (ethylacetate and butanol) which were administrated at 25 and 50 mg/kg doses to mice in EPM, respectively. Results showed that ethylacetate fraction was responsible for anxiolytic effects of methanol extract of A. conzyoides. The TLC studies were carried out for ethylacetate fraction and Quercetin was identified by comparing R&lt;sub&gt;f&lt;/sub&gt; values with the standard (Quercetin). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The present investigation revealed that the extract has significant anxiolytic effect. The flavonoid quercetin may be responsible for the observed anxiolytic effects of A. conyzoides.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides&lt;/em&gt;, Anxiolytic, Methanol extract, Quercetin, TLC.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">236</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ravinder Kaur&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Sarabjit Kaur&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar-143005, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boga Gogo Lucien</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bahi Calixte</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yapi Houphouët Félix</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N’Guessan Jean David</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Konkon N’Dri Gilles</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Djaman Allico Joseph</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Acute and Subacute Toxicity of the Total Dichloromethane-Ethanol Extract of Morinda morindoides (Baker) Milne-Redh (ETDE) on Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Damage</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morinda morindoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Subacute toxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Weight gain.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nov-Dec 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372-377</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; ETDE shown good antihypertensive and antioxidant activities in rats made hypertensive. This present study aims to assess its toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study was designed to study the toxicity of dichloromethaneethanol extract of Morinda morindoides. &lt;strong&gt;Settings and Design:&lt;/strong&gt; Toxicological activity in vivo. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; Alkaloids were characterized from reagents of Bouchardat, flavonoids by reacting the cyanidrine, tannins by the reagent Stiasny, polyphenols by reacting ferric chloride, quinones by the reagent Bornstra&amp;euml;gen, sterols and polyterpenes by the reaction of Libermann and saponins by observing the foam after agitation of the extract. Acute and subacute toxicity were studied using respectively 423 and 407 OECD guidelines for testing of chemicals. Statistical analysis used: The graphical representation of the data was performed using the Graph Pad Prism 5.0. The mean value is accompanied by the standard error of the mean (Mean &amp;plusmn; SEM). The difference between the two values is considered significant when P&amp;lt;0.001. Statistical analysis of results was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical screening showed the presence in the ETDE of polyphenols, alkaloids, flavonoids, sterols and polyterpenes. The toxicological study shows that ETDE has a LD50 between 2000 and 5000 mg/kg bw therefore classified in the hazard category 5. The administration of ETDE at repeated dose for 28 days did not significantly affect the weight gain, hematological and biochemical parameters of rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; ETDE toxicity is relatively low with LD50 between 2000 and 5000 mg/kg bw. It does not cause damage to the heart, liver and kidney. ETDE can be used without risk of intoxication.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">372</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Boga Gogo Lucien&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bahi Calixte&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Konkon N&amp;rsquo;Dri Gilles&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Yapi Houphou&amp;euml;t F&amp;eacute;lix&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Djaman Allico Joseph&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt; and N&amp;rsquo;Guessan Jean David&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biosciences, Biochemical Pharmacodynamy Laboratory, University Felix houphou&amp;euml;t-Boigny, Abidjan 22, C&amp;ocirc;te d&amp;rsquo;Ivoire, Africa. &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biosciences, Botanical Laboratory, University Felix houphou&amp;euml;t-Boigny, Abidjan 22, C&amp;ocirc;te d&amp;rsquo;Ivoire, Africa. 3Department of Clinical and Basic Biochemistry, Pasteur Institute of C&amp;ocirc;te d&amp;rsquo;Ivoire, Abidjan 04, C&amp;ocirc;te d&amp;rsquo;Ivoire, Africa&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashad Bin Mohammed Alsanosy</style></author></authors><secondary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syam Mohan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal Moahmed Elhassan Taha</style></author></secondary-authors><tertiary-authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamed Karimian</style></author></tertiary-authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Cytotoxicity of Smokeless Tobacco (Shammah) In Hepg2 and WRL68 Cells Line</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saudi Arabia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shammah</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smokeless tobacco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance Absue Research Centre</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jul-Aug 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">242-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;Shammah is a traditional form of chewing tobacco [Smokeless tobacco, (ST)] that is commonly used in the Middle east specially Saudi Arabia (KSA), Yemen and Sudan. The cytotoxicity of Sudanese and Yemenis ST hexane and methanol extracts was evaluated using MTT assay. Annexin-V assay has been used to detect the induction of apoptosis. Luminescence based assay also been conducted to check the level of caspases enzyme. The involvement of cell cycle check point arrest has been performed using flow cytometry analysis. The current study found that ST has the capacity to induce cell toxicity in human liver cells. The inhibitory capacity of ST in HepG2 and WRL 68 has been found to be 151 &amp;plusmn; 2.5 and 305 &amp;plusmn; 11.5 &amp;mu;g/ml for 24 h. An early apoptosis induction in HepG2 cells was observed by annexin V assay, which clearly exhibited significantly increased early and late apoptosis phases both at 24 and 48 h. Both the caspases-8 and-9 level was found to be increased by the introduction of ST to HepG2 cells significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05). Moreover the ST extract was able to arrest the cell cycle check point at G2/M phase. A significantly increasing pattern of hypodiploid phases of cells also been observed, which confirm the apoptosis induction again. Collectively, results presented in this study demonstrated that the ST, which is used as a euphoritic substance of abuse also, has significant level of toxicity in human cells. Moreover the mode of cell death was found to be though programmed cell death which is closely associated with cell cycle arrest&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">242</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syam Mohan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Manal Moahmed Elhassan Taha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashad Bin Mohammed Alsanosy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Hamed Karimian&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Substance Abuse Research Centre, Jazan University, 11420, Jazan, Saudi Arabia 2Medical Research Center, Jazan University, 11420, Jazan, Saudi Arabia 3Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Syam Mohan,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manal Moahmed Elhassan Taha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rashad Bin Mohammed Alsanosy</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamed Karimian</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Cytotoxicity of Smokeless Tobacco (Shammah) In Hepg2 and WRL68 Cells Line</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro models</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saudi Arabia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shammah.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Smokeless tobacco</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Substance Absue Research Centre</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29th Apr, 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">242-248</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Shammah is a traditional form of chewing tobacco [Smokeless tobacco, (ST)] that is commonly used in the Middle east specially Saudi Arabia (KSA), Yemen and Sudan. The cytotoxicity of Sudanese and Yemenis ST hexane and methanol extracts was evaluated using MTT assay. Annexin-V assay has been used to detect the induction of apoptosis. Luminescence based assay also been conducted to check the level of caspases enzyme. The involvement of cell cycle check point arrest has been performed using flow cytometry analysis. The current study found that ST has the capacity to induce cell toxicity in human liver cells. The inhibitory capacity of ST in HepG2 and WRL 68 has been found to be 151 &amp;plusmn; 2.5 and 305 &amp;plusmn; 11.5 &amp;mu;g/ml for 24 h. An early apoptosis induction in HepG2 cells was observed by annexin V assay, which clearly exhibited significantly increased early and late apoptosis phases both at 24 and 48 h. Both the caspases-8 and-9 level was found to be increased by the introduction of ST to HepG2 cells significantly (p&amp;lt;0.05). Moreover the ST extract was able to arrest the cell cycle check point at G2/M phase. A significantly increasing pattern of hypodiploid phases of cells also been observed, which confirm the apoptosis induction again. Collectively, results presented in this study demonstrated that the ST, which is used as a euphoritic substance of abuse also, has significant level of toxicity in human cells. Moreover the mode of cell death was found to be though programmed cell death which is closely associated with cell cycle arrest.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Hepatotoxicity,&lt;em&gt; In vitro&lt;/em&gt; models, Saudi Arabia, Smokeless tobacco, Substance Absue Research Centre, Shammah.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">242</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Siddig Ibrahim Abdelwahab&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, Syam Mohan&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Manal Moahmed Elhassan Taha&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rashad Bin Mohammed Alsanosy&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Hamed Karimian&lt;sup&gt;3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Substance Abuse Research Centre, Jazan University, 11420, Jazan, Saudi Arabia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Research Center, Jazan University, 11420, Jazan, Saudi Arabia&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tushar Kanti Bera,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kausik Chatterjee,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Debidas Ghosh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity of hydro-methanolic (2:3) extract of seed of Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">a-glucosidase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Postprandial hyperglycemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozotocin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">63-69</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study investigated the effect of hydro-methanolic extract of seed of Swietenia mahagoni (HMESM) on a-glucosidase inhibition in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral carbohydrate tolerance tests were performed in 16h fasted normal and diabetic rats loaded with starch or sucrose or glucose at the dose of 3g/kg, 15min after administration of 250 (S1), 500 (S2), 1000 (S3) mg/kg of HMESM, vehicle (control),or pretreatment at the dose of 10 mg/kg of acarbose (Acar). Blood samples were analyzed for glucose levels at 0, 30&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, 60&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt;, and 120&lt;sup&gt;th&lt;/sup&gt; min after respective treatments and the peak blood glucose (PBG) levels and area under the curves (AUC) were determined. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results demonstrated that 500 mg, 1000 mg/kg of HMESM reduced and prolonged the PBG and decreased AUC simultaneously after starch and sucrose loading in normal and diabetic rats. Similarly acarbose also reduce the sucrose and starch induced blood glucose excursion, whereas it had no peak blood glucose suppressive effect after exogenous glucose load in both normal and diabetic rats. On the other hand, phytochemical study of the said extract revealed that it is rich in phenolic compounds (46.25 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g of extract) and flavonoids (231.72 mg of quercetin equivalent/g of the extract), which may may responsible for pharmacological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The HMESM may have PBG suppressive effect in post-carbohydrate challenged state as evidenced by reduced PBG and AUC. This suggest that HMESM may be used effectively as a safer alternative to control postprandial hyperglycemia especially in pre-diabetic and diabetic patients.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Streptozotocin,∝-glucosidase, Postprandial hyperglycemia, Total flavono.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Tushar Kanti Bera,&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt; Kausik Chatterjee&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Debidas Ghosh&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Bio-Medical Laboratory Science and Management, Vidyasagar University, Midnapur-721 102, West Bengal, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Division, Southern Health Improvement Samity (SHIS), South 24 Paraganas, Bhangar-743 502, West Bengal, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rajesh A Maheshwari,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">R Balaraman,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GirishU Sailo,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghanshyam R Parmar,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manoj Patel,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A K Seth</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antianaphylactic, mast cell stabilizing and antiasthmatic activity of AHR-1 (a polyherbal formulation)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AHR-1</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">gE</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Horse serum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Respiratory score</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th April 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">93-99</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This work was mainly aimed to study the anti-anaphylactic, mast cell stabilizing and antiasthmatic activity of AHR-1 (a polyherbal formulation) which contain various herbal extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The antianaphylactic activity of AHR-1 was evaluated in rats using active anaphylaxis model. Rats were then observed for onset of symptoms of anaphylaxis reaction such as increased respiratory rate, dyspnea, cyanosis and mortality. Serum IgE, leukocyte, eosinophil countand % polymorphs were calculated. Mast cell stabilizing effect was investigated by &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; challenge of antigensensitized rat intestinal mesenteries. Antiasthmatic effect wasstudied in guinea pigs using histamine-induced bronchospasm, in which occurrence of preconvulsive dyspnea (PCD) was noted as end point. Results: Anaphylactic shock caused by intravenous antigen challenge showed 83% mortality with a significant (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) increaserespiratory symptom score.Treatment with AHR-1(250 and 500 mg/kg) reduced the mortality and respiratory symptom score (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001), respectively. AHR- 1 (250 and 500 mg/kg) significantly and dose dependently decreased Serum IgE (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001), AEC (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001), total leukocytes (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05, &lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.01) and % polymorphs (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.01,&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001), respectively as compared to sensitized control group. Sensitized control rats wereproduced a significant (79%) mesenteric mast cell degranulation, but pre-treatment with AHR-1 (100 and 200&amp;mu;g/ml) produced in a significant (p&amp;lt;0.001) reduction in the number of degranulated mast cells when challenged with horse serum. AHR-1 significantly increased the time of PCD (&lt;em&gt;P&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.001) as compared to control. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From these finding, we concluded thatAHR-1 is might be effective in treatment various hypersensitivity reactions like anaphylactic shock and asthma.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Horse serum, AHR-1, IgE, Respiratory score.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rajesh A Maheshwari, R Balaraman&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Girish U Sailor, Ghanshyam R Parmar, Manoj Patel and A K Seth&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacy, SumandeepVidyapeeth, Piparia, Vadodara-391760, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sanwar Mal Lamba,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kunjbihari Sulakhiya,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parveen Kumar,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mangala Lahkar,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chandana C. Barua,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Babul Bezbaruah</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic, Hypolipidemic and Anti-oxidant Activities of Hydroethanolic Root Extract of Rhus Mysurensis Heyne in Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes in Wistar Male Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-diabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-oxidant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hypolipidemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rhus mysurensis.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th April 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">62-71</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the potential role of hydroethanolic root extracts&amp;nbsp; were &lt;em&gt;Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; (HERM) in the treatment of diabetes along with its antioxidant and antihyperlipidemic effects was studied in streptozotocin induced diabetes in Wistar rats. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study, the anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant activities of hydroethanolic root extract of&lt;em&gt; Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; was evaluated by using STZ induced diabetic rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg, 400 mg/kg and 800 mg/kg p.o. daily for 21 days. Blood glucose levels and body weight were monitored at specific time intervals, and different biochemical parameters, serum cholesterol, serum triglyceride, high density lipoprotein, low density lipoprotein were also assessed in the experimental animals.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Oral administration of hydroethanolic root extracts of&lt;em&gt; Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; (HERM) 400 and 800 mg/kg for 21 days significantly decreased the blood glucose level and considerably increased the body weight of diabetic induced rats. Daily oral treatment with HERM for 3 weeks resulted in reduced serum cholesterol, and triglycerides and improved HDL-cholesterol levels when compared to the diabetic control group. HERM significantly decreased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and significantly increased superoxide dismutase and catalase in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats at the end of 21 days of treatment. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Hydroethanolic root extract of &lt;em&gt;Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt; showed significant anti-diabetic, hypolipidemic and anti-oxidant activities, which provide the scientific proof for its traditional claims. The results also put forward that the HERM is promising for development of standardized phytomedicine for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;Anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, hypolipidemic, &lt;em&gt;Rhus mysurensis&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sanwar Mal Lamba&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Kunjbihari Sulakhiya&lt;sup&gt;1#&lt;/sup&gt;, Parveen Kumar&lt;sup&gt;1#*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mangala Lahkar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Chandana C. Barua&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; and Babul Bezbaruah&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), GMC IIIrd Floor, Bhangagarh, Guwahati- 781032, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, Gauhati Medical College, Bhangagarh, Guwahati-781032, India&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacology &amp;amp; Toxicology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Khanapara, Guwahati-781022.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amira Abdel Motaal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahira M. Ezzat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hesham El-Askary</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperglycemic Activity and Standardization of the Bioactive Extract of Cleome droserifolia Growing in Egypt</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7-dirhamnoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antihyperglycemic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cleome droserifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">high performance liquid chromatography standardization</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">kaempferol-4’-methoxy-3</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Validation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2nd July 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15-21</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cleome droserifolia&lt;/em&gt; herb is well known in the Egyptian folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes. However, a standardized active extract of the herb was never prepared for incorporation into a pharmaceutical dosage form. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Comparative high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) chromatographic profi les were established in order to study the ethnopharmacological use of the antihyperglycemic herb using a validated reversed phase- HPLC method which was developed for standardization of the active aqueous extract. A biologically guided fractionation of the antihyperglycemic aqueous extract was carried out &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; using alloxan induced diabetic rats. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous extract contained the highest percent of the total active fl avonol glycosides (78.20%) compared to the 70% and 50% ethanolic extracts (51.17 and 42.66%, respectively). The aqueous extract and its ethyl acetate fraction possessed the highest antihyperglycemic activities. A standard calibration curve, established for the major bioactive methoxylated fl avonol glycoside (kaempferol-4&amp;rsquo;-methoxy-3,7-dirhamnoside) at a concentration range of 44-174 &amp;mu;g/ml, showed good linearity with a correlation coeffi cient (R2) of 0.998. The recovery of the method was 100.5%. A high degree of precision (relative standard deviation values &amp;lt;5%) was achieved. The limits of detection and quantifi cation were 0.01 and 0.02 &amp;mu;g/ml, respectively, indicating the sensitivity of the method. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The aqueous extract contained the highest percent of the total active fl avonol glycosides. The extract, standardized to contain not &amp;lt;1.5 &amp;plusmn; 0.06% of kaempferol-4&amp;rsquo;-methoxy- 3,7-dirhamnoside, was tested at three different dose levels showing a 63.3% activity of that of metformin at100 mg/kg body weight. Furthermore, it raised the blood insulin level by 146.26% at this dose level.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Antihyperglycemic, &lt;em&gt;Cleome droserifolia&lt;/em&gt;, high performance liquid chromatography standardization, kaempferol-4&amp;rsquo;-methoxy-3,7-dirhamnoside, validation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amira Abdel Motaal&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shahira M. Ezzat&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Hesham El-Askary&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El-Ainy St., Cairo, 11562, Egypt,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, Heliopolis University, El-Horreya 2834, Cairo, Egypt,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Pharmaceutical Technology, Future University, New Cairo, 11528, Egypt.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hasan S. Yusufoglu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aftab Alam</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamad Ayman A. Salkini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ahmed M. Zaghloul</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities of methanolic extract of Anthemis scrobicularis herbs</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anthemis scrobicularis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon tetrachloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hepatoprotective</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th April 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">55-61</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activitiesof the methanolic extract of Anthemis scrobicularis(ANS) herbs were evaluated in rats against carrageenan induced inflammation and carbon tetrachloride (CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)induced hepatic injury. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of ANS, twenty male rats were divided into four equal groups. Injection of 100 &amp;mu;l carrageenan in normal saline into the subplantar region of the hind paw of rats clearly induced paw edema. The volume of paw edema was attenuated following oral administration of ANS. For hepatoprotective effects, twenty five rats were equally divided into five groups.The hepatotoxicity, induced by a single dose of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;, produced significant (p&amp;lt;0.001) increase of the levels of serumtransaminase, phosphatase, bilirubin and a decrease in proteins were also noticed. The oxidative stress marker such as malondialdehyde (MDA)was increased and nonprotein sulfhydryl (NP-SH) was decreased in the hepatotoxic tissues. Pre-medication of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-intoxicated rats with ANS at the doses 250 and 500 mg/kg reversed the abnormal liver diagnostic stricture. The results showed that ANS is toxicologically safe when orally administered and possess highly significant anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotective activities and the potentials usefulness of Anthemis scrobicularis in hepatic and inflammatory disease.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words&lt;/strong&gt;: Anthemis scrobicularis, Anti-inflammatory, Hepatoprotective, Carbon tetrachloride, Histopathology.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hasan S. Yusufoglu&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Aftab Alam&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohamad Ayman A. Salkini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ahmed M. Zaghloul&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;1, 2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Dept. College of Pharmacy - Salman Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, KSA&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Egypt.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kun Teng,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hong-Sheng Ruan,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hai-Feng Zhang</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of roots extracts from Actinidia arguta (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Actinidia arguta (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch; antinociceptive; anti-inflammatory</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80-86</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims: &lt;/strong&gt;The roots of &lt;em&gt;Actinidia arguta&lt;/em&gt; (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch (also named &lt;em&gt;tengligen&lt;/em&gt;) have medicinal uses as anti-tumour, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory agents. In this study, we evaluated the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of 95% ethanol extract and different fractions of the roots of &lt;em&gt;A. arguta&lt;/em&gt; (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch (Tengligen).&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Three conventional methods were used to carry out the antinociceptive effect: &lt;em&gt;acetic acid&lt;/em&gt;-induced abdominal writhing, formalin induced hind paw licking, and hot plate test. In addition, the anti-inflammatory effect was investigated by carrageenan-induced paw edema in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;From the obtained results, we found that the total ethanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and n-butanol fraction all significantly inhibited acetic acid-induced writhing and both phases of the formalin induced pain response, increased the time of response to thermal stimulation in hot plate test, and exhibited significant dose-related inhibition of carrageenan induced paw edema volumes when compared with the control group. Based on our findings, we conclude that the flavonoid and saponin contents of tengligen are responsible for the antinociception and anti-inflammatory effects of &lt;em&gt;Actinidia arguta&lt;/em&gt; (Sieb. et Zucc.) Planch, respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Actinidia arguta&lt;/em&gt; (Sieb.et Zucc.) Planch; antinociceptive; anti-inflammatory.</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">80</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kun Teng&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; , Hong-Sheng Ruan&lt;sup&gt;b,*&lt;/sup&gt; and Hai-Feng Zhang&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;College of Pharmacy and Food Science, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua, JiLin Province 134000, China&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;College of Life Science and Technology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, Hei long Jiang Province 163319, China.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammadi M</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Majd A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nejadsattari T</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hashemi M</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Anticancer Activities of Ocimum basilicum L. cv. Dark Opal (Lamiaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-(4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A549 Cell Line</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Digera muricata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa cell line.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3rd Sept, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Plants used in folk and traditional medicines have been accepted as therapeutic drug development in modern medicine.Although manystudies have been focused on Lamiaceae family,few studies on medical effects of purple basil have been performed until now. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Ocimum basilicum cv. dark opal was chosen for this study as it has been used in Persian traditional medicine and many Iranian dishes. It was considered important to determine the cytotoxicity effect andthe reductive capacity of the purple basil oils and extracts, as this may indicate their potential as antioxidants. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The reducing power activity of both essential oils of the leaves (before flowering) and the seeds and also methanolic extracts of roots and aerial parts (stem-leaf) (collected prior flowering), and flowers were determined by utilizing of FRAP. Also the MTT assay has been used in order to consider in vitro cytotoxicity of essential oils and extracts on cancerous cell line (MCF-7). Moreover, the extracts were analyzed by HPLC to comprise the rate of some phenolic compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The purple basil extracts have more powerful antioxidant activity than the essential oils. MCF-7 revealed to have a meaningful cell death when compared with controls, and the oils were found to be more effective than the extracts. Also the phytochemical analysis of the extracts has led to the identification of 3 phenolic compounds (Rosmarinic acid, p-Coumaric acid and Ferulic acid). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Our study tends to validate the traditional use of this medicinal herb as complementary and alternative medicine.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words:&lt;/strong&gt; purple basil, antioxidant, MCF-7, HPLC.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shazia Usmani&lt;sup&gt;*1&lt;/sup&gt;, Arshad Hussain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, A. H. A. Farooqui&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Arshad&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sahabjada Siddiqui&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohammed Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Shadma Wahab&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, &lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biosciences, Integral University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, &lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lucknow University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shazia Usmani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arshad Hussain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A.H.A Farooqui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd.Arshad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sahabjada Siddiqui</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd.Ahmad</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shadma Wahab</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiproliferative activity of crude extract and fractions obtained from Digera muricata on Hela cell lines of human cervix and A549 cell lines of Human Lung.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3-(4</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A549 Cell Line</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Digera muricata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HeLa cell line</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3rd Sept, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-38</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Digera muricata&lt;/em&gt; (Linn.) of family Amaranthaceae is an ethanobotanically important plant species traditionally used against various disorders. Cytotoxic potential of methanolic extract and its fractions were investigated against Hela and A&lt;sub&gt;549&lt;/sub&gt; cell lines. Crude extract of Digera muricata was prepared in methanol by Continuous Hot Soxhlation technique. Crude extract was fractionated into two organic and one aqueous fraction by the help of Column Chromatography. MTT assay was used to evaluate the reduction of viability of the cancer cell lines. Cell viability was inhibited by crude extract of &lt;em&gt;Digera muricata&lt;/em&gt; in a dose dependent manner ranging from 25&amp;mu;g/ml to 250&amp;mu;g/ml. Apoptosis assays using nucleic acid stains namely PI exclusion assay and Hoestch/PI assay were performed by the help of fluorescence microscopy. Morphological analysis was done by calculation of Apoptotic ratio and Percentage apoptosis. Our results suggests that methanolic and aqueous fraction of the extract of &lt;em&gt;Digera muricata&lt;/em&gt; can be good source of cytotoxic compounds.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,4 diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, A&lt;sub&gt;549&lt;/sub&gt; cell line, cytotoxic,
Digera muricata, HeLa cell line.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shazia Usmani&lt;sup&gt;a*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sub&gt;, &lt;/sub&gt;Arshad Hussain&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, A.H.A Farooqui&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd.Arshad&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, Sahabjada Siddiqui&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd.Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Shadma Wahab&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow-226026, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Biosciences, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow-226026, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Zoology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Lucknow University, Lucknow, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristina Olivaro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicole Paris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">M. Pía Cerdeiras</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alvaro Vázquez</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antistaphylococcal Activity of Xanthium cavanillesii Lactones</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">abrojo</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sesquiterpene lactones</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39-42</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective&lt;/strong&gt;: The genus&lt;em&gt; Xanthium&lt;/em&gt; L., of the Asteraceae Dum. family, (tribe Heliantheae) comprises 30 species of cosmopolitan distribution, many of which, as &lt;em&gt;X. spinosum&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;X. strumarium&lt;/em&gt; are used as medicinal plants. This genus has been the object of numerous phytochemical investigations being sesquiterpene lactones with guaiane or secoguaiane frameworks the main secondary metabolites. Several sesquiterpene lactones have been demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity, in particular against Gram+ bacteria and in Uruguay the infusion of &lt;em&gt;Xanthium cavanillesii&lt;/em&gt; Show (common name &amp;ldquo;Abrojo&amp;rdquo; or &amp;ldquo;Abrojo grande&amp;rdquo;) which grows wild, is used as antiseptic in popular medicine. In this work we present the results of the antibacterial analysis of several extracts, fractions and pure compounds from &lt;em&gt;X. cavanillesii&lt;/em&gt; against both sensitive and resistant strains of &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Compounds were isolated from &lt;em&gt;X. cavanillesii&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts by several chromatographic and spectroscopic methods antimicrobial analysis were performed according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) found were high for the sensitive 6538p strain when compared with common antibiotics. For the resistant strains, the pure compounds activity clearly outperformed the antibiotics, especially in the case of the multiresistant 700,699 strain with MICs of 31, 236 and 356 &amp;mu;g/mL for the &lt;em&gt;Xanthium&lt;/em&gt; compounds, gentamicin and oxacillin respectively.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Antimicrobial, abrojo, methicillin-resistant &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt;, sesquiterpene lactones&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">39</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristina Olivaro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nicole Paris&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, M. P&amp;iacute;a Cerdeiras&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Alvaro V&amp;aacute;zquez&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;C&amp;aacute;tedra de Farmacognosia, Department of Organic Chemistry, Facultad de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;C&amp;aacute;tedra de Microbiolog&amp;iacute;a, Department of Biosciences, Facultad de Qu&amp;iacute;mica, Universidad de la Republica, Montevideo, Uruguay&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manuj Kr Bharali,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luk Bahadur Chetry</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aqueous Methanolic Bark Extract of Oroxylum indicum Inhibited Testosterone induced Prostate Hyperplasia in Rat</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Benign Prostate Hyperplasia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Finasteride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oroxylum indicum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rat</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Testosterone</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th April 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">79-85</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Oroxylum indicum is a frequently reported traditional medicinal plant known to possess antiproliferative and antitumor activity. The present study investigated the effect of crude methanolic bark extract of Oroxylum indicum on testosterone induced benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) in rat. Adult male rats were given either corn oil or testosterone dissolved in corn oil and testosterone with aqueous methanolic bark extracts of Oroxylum indicum (10, 50 and 100 mg/kg/day) for 14 days. The inhibitory effect of Oroxylum indicum on testosterone induced hyperplasia was evaluated by prostatic index and histopathological examination. Serum marker of liver injury (alanine aminotransferase, ALT and aspartate aminotransferase, AST) and liver histopathological examination were also conducted. Compared with testosterone induced BPH model group, Oroxylum indicum extract treated groups exhibited significant reduction in the prostatic index. Oroxylum indicum treated group also exhibited reduced hyperplasia of prostatic epithelium likewise finasteride treated group. Aqueous methanolic extract of Oroxylum indicum significantly inhibited testosterone induced prostate hyperplasia thus indicated the presence of efficient ingredients which can be used for the treatment of BPH.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Benign Prostate Hyperplasia, Oroxylum indicum, Testosterone, Finasteride, Rat.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Manuj Kr Bharali&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; and Luk Bahadur Chetry&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Cell and Molecular Biology Section, Department of Zoology, Rajiv Gandhi University, Rono Hills, Doimukh: 791112, Arunachal Pradesh, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Praveen kumar P,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ramesh A,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prasad K</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of anti hyperglycemic fractions isolated from Albizia procera stem bark chloroform extract using STZ induced diabetic albino rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Albizia procera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hyperglycemia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptozocin (STZ)</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8th April 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">29-35</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present Study was to identify more effective hypoglycemic fractions from chloroform extract of &lt;em&gt;Albizia procera stem bark&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Material and methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Isolated fractions of Albizia procera stem bark chloroform extract were given individually to different batches of rats both normal (80 mg/kg of b.wt animals) and STZ induced diabetic rats (160mg/kg b.wt animals) after an overnight fast. The blood glucose levels were measured at 0, 1, 2, 3, 5 and 6 hours after the treatment. Fractions were also treated to STZ induced diabetic rats by chronically (80mg/kg b.wt).&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The fractions E of &lt;em&gt;Albizia procera stem bark chloroform extract&lt;/em&gt; was shown maximum blood glucose lowering effect in both normal and STZ diabetic rats with acute and chronic treatment. The other fractions are also showing hypoglycemic and antihyperglycemic activity, but the effect is significantly less than that of fraction E. The antihyperglycemic activity of fractions of &lt;em&gt;Albizia procera stem bark chloroform extract&lt;/em&gt; was compared with the treatment of glibenclamide. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The present data confirm the anti diabetic activity of Albizia procera in Indian traditional medicine for Diabetes mellitus treatment. The anti hyperglycemic action attributed to the presence of valuable flavonoids, terpinoids in the fraction E.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Albizia procera&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;hyperglycemia&lt;/em&gt;, Streptozocin (STZ).&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Praveen kumar P&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Ramesh A&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and Prasad K&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;2&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Vishnu Institute of Pharmaceutical Education &amp;amp; Research,Vishnupur, Narsapur, Medak&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*,2&lt;/sup&gt;Shri Vishnu college of Pharmacy, Bhimavaram, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumet Kongkiatpaiboon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Piyanuch Rojsanga,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Virote Pattarajinda,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wandee Gritsanapan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of didehydrostemofoline, stemofoline alkaloids and extracts from Stemona collinsiae Craib roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Acetylcholinesterase inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Didehydrostemofoline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stemofoline</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stemona collinsiae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stemonaceae</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2013</style></year></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">56-59</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition is one of insect toxicity mechanisms found in many plants. &lt;em&gt;Stemona collinsiae&lt;/em&gt; Craib, a traditional insecticidal plant, has been of interest for its AChE inhibitory activity.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Powdered roots of &lt;em&gt;S. collinsiae&lt;/em&gt; were successively extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol. The contents of major active insecticidal components, didehydrostemofoline and stemofoline alkaloids, were analyzed by HPLC. Anti-AChE activity was evaluated using Ellman&amp;rsquo;s colorimetric method and TLC-bioautography. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The contents of didehydrostemofoline and stemofoline alkaloids in the hexane, dichloromethane, and methanol extracts were 3.59 and 0.18, 40.78 and 0.74, and 1.43 and 0.09% w/w, respectively. TLC fingerprints of each extract showed major spots of didehydrostemofoline and stemofoline of which TLC bioassays indicated active AChE inhibitory activity. IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values on anti-AChE activities of hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts were 126.72, 73.78, and &amp;gt;1000 mg/ml, respectively while those of didehydrostemofoline, stemofoline, and standard galanthamine were 131.3, 102.1, and 1.30 mM, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The AChE inhibitory activity of hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extracts from &lt;em&gt;S. collinsiae&lt;/em&gt; roots and their major alkaloids, didehydrostemofoline and stemofoline, were determined. The data support the traditional utilization of this plant as a natural insecticide.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, Didehydrostemofoline, Stemofoline, &lt;em&gt;Stemona collinsiae&lt;/em&gt;, Stemonaceae.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; &quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumet Kongkiatpaiboon&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Piyanuch Rojsanga&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;, Virote Pattarajinda&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;, Wandee Gritsanapan&lt;sup&gt;a,*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; &quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, 447 Sri-Ayutthaya Rd, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; &quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;b&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify; &quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;c&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>