<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kadek Rachmawati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rochmah Kurnijasanti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sin War Naw</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effectiveness of Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa L.) Extract Against Avian Pathogenic Eschericia coli (APEC) Infections in Layer Performance</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Food security</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Layer chicken performance</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia cattapa L.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">June 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">417-422</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;This study aimed to determine the activity of Ketapang extract (&lt;em&gt;Terminalia cattapa&lt;/em&gt; L.) in layers infected with APEC. In vitro study that was conducted dilution methods using Ketapang extract at 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25% and 30% concentrations.&lt;em&gt; In vivo&lt;/em&gt; study was conducted by randomly dividing 20 layers into five treatment groups, four per group. The chickens (except in group P0−) were infected with APEC aged 24 weeks. Then, the treatment was conducted according to the divided groups in one week. The said treatments are P0− (uninfected APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), P0+ (infected with APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), and P1, P2, and P3 (infected with APEC and administered with Ketapang extract with 5%, 10%, and 20% concentrations, respectively). The data from layers’ performance were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s test. The dilution method (MIC and MBC) exhibited the antibacterial ability of Ketapang extract against APEC at 5% dose. The Ketapang extract administration in layers exhibited improved performance of chickens infected with APEC, with the administration of 10% dose of Ketapang extract showing the best result. In summary, about 10% concentration Ketapang extract can serve as an antibacterial agent and showed the best results in layers infected with APEC.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">417</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kadek Rachmawati&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Rochmah Kurnijasanti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sin War Naw&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Basic Veterinary Medicine Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Animal Husbandry Division, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, 60115, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Myitkyina University, Myitkyina, Myanmar&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>