<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Faratisha IFD</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cahyono AW</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Erwan NE</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putri AM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ariel DG</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yunita KC</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nugraha RYB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mardhiyyah K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fitri LE</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">The Potential Effect of Nigericin from Streptomyces hygroscopicus subsp. Hygroscopicus Against the Syndemic of Malaria and COVID-19 through Molecular Docking Perspective</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">COVID-19</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nigericin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">268-275</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background&lt;/strong&gt;: Malaria is a constantly challenging problem, notably in the Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic. The syndemic condition, malaria-COVID-19 co-infections, had been reported. Our previous study successfully revealed several compounds from&lt;em&gt; Streptomyces hygroscopicus s&lt;/em&gt;ubsp. Hygroscopicus, including nigericin that has both antimalarial and antiviral effects. In malaria infection, &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium falciparum &lt;/em&gt;Chloroquine Resistance Transporter (PfCRT) is the potential target for eliminating &lt;em&gt;Plasmodium.&lt;/em&gt; Meanwhile, for SARS-CoV-2 infection, MPro is an essential protein for SARS-CoV-2 survival. This research aims to examine the potential effect of nigericin towards&lt;em&gt; Plasmodium&lt;/em&gt; and SARS-CoV-2 by assessing its molecular interaction with PfCRT and MPro through molecular docking study.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The protein target PfCRT and MPro were obtained from Protein Data Bank. Nigericin and the control ligand (chloroquine and N3) were obtained from PubChem. The pharmacokinetic analysis was done using SwissADME. Specific molecular docking was conducted using PyRx 0.9 and was visualized using LigPlot and PyMOL. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Nigericin has a large molecular weight, leading to the non-fulfillment of the Lipinski rule for oral administration. Through molecular docking study, the binding affinity of the Nigericin-PfCRT complex was -8.1 kcal/mol, and Nigericin-MPro was -8.6 kcal/mol. These binding affinities were stronger than the control ligand. The interaction between Nigericin-PfCRT and Nigericin-MPro share a similar pocket-site and amino acid residues as the control ligands. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Nigericin has potential antimalarial and anti-coronavirus effects through molecular docking perspective by assessing the binding affinity and similarity of amino acid residues compared to control. Administration of systemic route can be an option in giving nigericin.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">268</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Faratisha IFD&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cahyono AW&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Erwan NE&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Putri AM&lt;sup&gt;1,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Ariel DG&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Yunita KC&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nugraha RYB&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mardhiyyah K&lt;sup&gt;1,2,5&lt;/sup&gt;, Fitri LE&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;,*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Malaria Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Master Program in Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Malang, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry &amp;amp; Biomolecular, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, 65145 Malang, East Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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