<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Irani Binti Alloha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurul ‘Ain Liyana Binti Aziz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ghasak Ghazi Faisal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zurainie Abllah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohd Hafiz Arzmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Eurycoma Longifolia Jack (Tongkat Ali) Alcoholic Root Extract Against Oral Pathogens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Candida albicans</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Eurycoma longifolia Jack</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lactobacillus casei.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Streptococcus mutans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1299-1302</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Eurycoma longifolia jack (E.L) is a herbal medicinal plant of South-East Asian origin, popularly recognized as ‘Tongkat Ali.’ The plant roots have been scientifically proven to have many biological effects including antibacterial activity however, no previous research to date has studied the effect on oral pathogens including cariogenic bacteria. This study was done to determine the antibacterial and antifungal activities of E.L. root extract against three common oral pathogens. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The microorganisms used were &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;Lactobacillus casei.&lt;/em&gt; E.L root was extracted using soxhlet method. Disc diffusion assay was conducted using extract concentration of 200 mg/ml. Nystatin and Ampicillin were used as positive control for fungal and bacterial tests respectively. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) was done to determine the lowest inhibitory concentration of the extract on the microorganisms. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;E.L extract inhibited the growth of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans at a concentration of 200 mg/ ml with a zone of inhibition of 16.0 ± 3.0 mm and 7.0 ± 1.0 mm respectively. There was no antimicrobial effect of the extract on Lactobacillus casei. The MIC of E.L extract against both Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans was 25 mg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The results from this study revealed the potential use of Eurycoma longifolia jack as an antimicrobial agent which can be used to produce new oral care products.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1299</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Irani Binti Alloha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nurul ‘Ain Liyana Binti Aziz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ghasak Ghazi Faisal&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Zurainie Abllah&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Mohd Hafiz Arzmi&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Students, Kuliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer, Fundamental Dental and Medical Sciences Department Kuliyyah of Dentistry, IIUM, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Paediatric Dentistry and dental public health, IIUM, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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