<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanda Shekwa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mashilo Mash Matotoka</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tsolanku Sydney Maliehe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peter Masoko</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Vitro Antibacterial Activity, In-Silico Molecular Docking and Pharmacokinetic Profile of a Phytosterol Isolated from The Leaves of Carissa Bispinosa</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carissa bispinosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacokinetics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99-106</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Carissa bispinosa (L.)&lt;/em&gt; Desf. Ex-Brenan is a medicinal plant widely used in South Africa. The study reports on the isolation of a phytosterol from &lt;em&gt;C. bispinosa&lt;/em&gt; along with molecular docking and pharmacokinetic studies. The phytochemicals were extracted with hexane, dichloromethane, acetone and methanol. The compound was isolated following a bioactivity-guided isolation protocol using column-chromatography and thin-layer chromatography. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) was used for compound characterisation. The antimicrobial activity was assessed using bioautography and micro-broth dilution assays. AutoDock vina, SwissADME and ADMET lab were used for molecular docking, pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties, respectively. Drug-likeness was evaluated based on Lipinski's rule of five (Ro5). The isolated compound was identified as β-sitosterol. It had an anti-S. aureus activity of (0.31 mg/mL). It revealed binding scores of -7.2 and -6.4 kcal/mol against penicillin-binding protein and DNA gyrase, respectively. It violated one of Ro5 (MLOGP &amp;gt; 4.15). It has no inhibitory effects against isoforms of cytochrome P450. Moreover, it demonstrated no adverse effect on skin, non-carcinogenic and non-hepatotoxic effects. Based on the results, β-sitosterol can be considered as potential anti-&lt;em&gt;S. aureus&lt;/em&gt; drug. Further studies may focus on ascertaining the mechanism of action &lt;em&gt;in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; and investigating the synergistic effects of the compound with conventional drugs.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">99</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wanda Shekwa, Mashilo Mash Matotoka, Tsolanku Sydney Maliehe, Peter Masoko*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biochemistry, microbiology and Biotechnology, University of Limpopo, Private bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yanu Andhiarto</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suciati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ersanda Nurma Praditapuspa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukardiman</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Silico Analysis and ADMET Prediction of Flavonoid Compounds from Syzigium cumini var. album on α-Glucosidase Receptor for Searching Anti-Diabetic Drug Candidates</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Molecular docking</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">PASS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacokinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">736-743</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;One of the causes of death is diabetes. Anti-diabetic drugs currently available do not work optimally because some have been reported to have side effect and resistance. Objective: This study aimed to flavonoid compounds from &lt;em&gt;Syzygium cumini&lt;/em&gt; var. album with the greatest anti-diabetic activity and lower toxicity than acarbose. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This research is an&lt;em&gt; in silico&lt;/em&gt; study of nine flavonoid compounds from&lt;em&gt; Syzygium cumin&lt;/em&gt;i var. album, starting with PASS online was used to predict the activity spectrum of substances, drug-likeness prediction using DruLiTo, ADMET prediction (absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity) using pkCSM online. Molecular docking was carried out by the AutoDock 4.2.6 program on α-glucosidase targeting. Visualization is done with the Discovery Studio Visualizer software.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; From the data obtained, D-(+)-Catechin has a high affinity for α-glucosidase with a free energy of binding (ΔG) -5.94 kcal/mol and an inhibition constant (Ki) of 44270 nm.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the flavonoid compounds from &lt;em&gt;Syzygium cumini&lt;/em&gt; var. album has the potential as a promising anti-diabetic drug candidate, where the best candidate is D- (+)-Catechin. However, further studies of flavonoid compounds from&lt;em&gt; Syzygium cumini&lt;/em&gt; var. album are needed.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">736</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Yanu Andhiarto&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suciati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ersanda Nurma Praditapuspa&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukardiman&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Doctoral Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;quillbot-extension-portal&gt;&lt;/quillbot-extension-portal&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen Van Long</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chu Van Men</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anh Vu Tuan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nguyen Van Manh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thanh Chu Duc</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ha Bui Thi Thu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hoang Van Luong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Le Bach Quang</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pham Gia Khanh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A New LC/MS/MS Method for the Analysis of Phyllanthin in Rat Plasma and its Application on Comparative Bioavailability of Phyllanthin in Different Formulations after Oral Administration in Rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LC-MS/MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacokinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phospholipid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plasma</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitation</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">968-975</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;A simple, short UPLC/MS/MS method for quantitation of phyllanthin in rat plasma in less than 2 minutes have been developed and fully validated. The validated method was used to investigate the pharmacokinetic properties of phyllanthin in PA extract and phospholipid complex of PA extract in rat. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The separation was carried out on Acquity C&lt;sub&gt;18 &lt;/sub&gt;(50 x 2.1 mm; 1.7 μm), with a mobile phase of 10 mM aqueous amonium acetate and acetonitrile (10:90; v/v), at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Felodipin was used as internal standard. Phyllanthin is extracted from a small volume of rat plasma (100 μl) by means of liquid-liquid extraction method with tert butyl methyl ether. Electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry was applied in positive mode at capillary voltage of 4000 V for both phyllanthin and IS, cone voltage of 24 V for phyllanthin and 20 V for IS, desolvation temperature of 360oC, cone gas flow of 25 L/h, collision energy of 12 V for phyllanthin and 10 V for IS. Multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was used to monitor the transitions at m/z (Q1/Q3) 436.41/355.36 for phyllanthin and 384.20/352.18 for IS. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The linear calibration curve of phyllanthin was obtained over the concentration range of 0.5 – 100 ng/mL. The intra‐ and inter‐day precisions were less than 7.08 % and the accuracies were within ± 7.55%. The Cmax values of phyllanthin from two different preparations in rat plasma after oral administration of 2.0 mg/kg were 11.44 and 31.44 ng/ml, and the AUC values were 18.07 and 41.43 h.ng/ml, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; A simple, short UPLC/MS/MS method for quantitation of phyllanthin in rat plasma in less than 2 minutes have been developed and fully validated. The bioavailability of phyllanthin from the phospholipid complex of PA extract in rat plasma was significantly improved compared with that of raw PA extract after oral administration.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">968</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nguyen Van Long&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;, Chu Van Men&lt;sup&gt;#,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Anh Vu Tuan, Nguyen Van Manh, Thanh Chu Duc, Ha Bui Thi Thu, Hoang Van Luong, Le Bach Quang, Pham Gia Khanh&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;nstitute of Biomedicine and Pharmacy, Vietnam Military Medical University, 222-Phung Hung Street, Ha Dong District, Hanoi, VIETNAM.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;#&lt;/sup&gt;These authors contributed equally to this work&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madhukiran Parvathaneni,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ganga Rao Battu,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ravikumar Jangiti,</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Keerthana Diyya</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacokinetic study of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin after oral administration to rats</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC–PDA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">hypophyllanthin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacokinetics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyllanthus amarus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18th Feb,2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-130</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was carried out to develop a sensitive and cost effective HPLC method for the determination of bioactive lignans (phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin) and its application in a pharmacokinetic study. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Identification of lignan compounds on C&amp;ndash;18 column was monitored at a range of 199&amp;ndash;400nm using photodiode array detector (PDA) with methanol-water (66:34, v/v) as mobile phase at a flow rate of 1ml/min. Carbamazepine was used as internal standard. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; From the developed method LOD and LOQ values were found to be 56.14ng/ml and 169.99ng/ml for phyllanthin, and 56.04ng/ml and 169.82ng/ml for hypophyllanthin. The validated RP&amp;ndash;HPLC method herein was applied for pharmacokinetic studies and C&lt;sub&gt;max&lt;/sub&gt; (ng/ml) values for administered three oral doses (2.5, 5 and 10mg/kg) of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin were 0.28&amp;plusmn;0.06, 0.53&amp;plusmn;0.16, 0.98&amp;plusmn;0.22 and 0.68&amp;plusmn;0.76, 1.35&amp;plusmn;0.23, 2.45&amp;plusmn;0.33, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, developed HPLC&amp;ndash;PDA method effectively determined the phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin in various solvent and plasma samples. This method was successfully applied in conducting their oral pharmacokinetic studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus amarus&lt;/em&gt;, phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, HPLC–PDA, pharmacokinetics.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Madhukiran Parvathaneni&lt;sup&gt;*,a&lt;/sup&gt;, Ganga Rao Battu&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;, Ravikumar Jangiti&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt; and Keerthana Diyya&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;a &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;a&lt;/sup&gt;University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam 530 003, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>