<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lamyae Yachi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Madiha Alami Chentoufi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hajar Benhaddou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brahim Mojemmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustapha Bouatia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In Vitro Antiradical and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoid Glycosides and Their Aglycones: Diosmin and Hesperidin Case Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">diosmin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flavonoid aglycone</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">flavonoid glycoside</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hesperidin</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2026</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2026</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18-23</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;In recent years, several works have been carried out on the beneficial effect of flavonoids which act as natural antioxidants and help to neutralize free radicals. We analysed the antioxidant activity of two flavonoids, diosmin, and hesperidin, known for their anti-haemorrhoidal effect, before and after acid hydrolysis, for comparison with their corresponding aglycones, namely diosmetin and hesperetin. Ascorbic acid was used as a positive control. For antioxidant activity evaluations, three methods including 2,2’-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH•) scavenging assay, phosphomolybdate method, and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power method (FRAP) were used. The results were expressed as a percentage of inhibition of DPPH• radical and half-maximal inhibitory concentration values (IC50), for the first assay. And for the others, as mg of ascorbic acid equivalents per 100 g of powder: the quantity of ascorbic acid required to produce the same antioxidant activity as 100 g of sample (noted ''Ascorbic Acid Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity'': AEAC mg/100g). Aglycones exhibited significant in vitro antioxidant activity compared to glycosides (p&amp;lt;0.05 DPPH assay; p&amp;lt;0.001 Phosphomolybdate and FRAP assays), with antioxidant effect dose-dependent at the concentration levels used.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">18</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lamyae Yachi&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Madiha Alami chentoufi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Hajar Benhaddou&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Brahim Mojemmi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Mustapha Bouatia&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University Imp. Souissi, 10100 Rabat, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Life and Health Science, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Abdelmalek Essaidi University, Tanger, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sawitree Wongtangtintharn</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sirirath McCloskey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rungruedee Thiwthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">U-sa Thongpairoj</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Free Radical Scavenging and Anticancer Activities of Methanolic Twig Extract of Annonaceae Plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annonaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anticancer</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cancer cell selectivity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goniothalamus elegans</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2025</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2025</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">17</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">362-365</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The Annonaceae family represents a promising source of bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic applications. This study aimed to comprehensively evaluate the antioxidant and anticancer potential of methanolic twig extracts from seven Annonaceae species. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Twig specimens from &lt;em&gt;Cananga latifolia, Goniothalamus elegans, Goniothalamus tamirensis, Melodorum fructicosum, Polyalthia dubia, Polyalthia cerasoides&lt;/em&gt;, and &lt;em&gt;Uvaria fauveliana&lt;/em&gt; were subjected to standardized methanolic extraction. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH radical scavenging assay. Anticancer potential was evaluated through Sulforhodamine B assay against three human cancer cell lines and normal human dermal fibroblasts at 25 μg/mL concentration. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Goniothalamus elegans&lt;/em&gt; demonstrated exceptional antioxidant activity (IC50 = 5.62 ± 1.21 μg/mL) comparable to ascorbic acid. In anticancer evaluation, &lt;em&gt;G. elegans &lt;/em&gt;exhibited remarkable cytotoxicity against MCF-7 (95.19 ± 0.62%) and HeLa (94.46 ± 1.69%) cancer cells while demonstrating exceptional selectivity with minimal toxicity toward normal cells (19.72 ± 1.19%). Melodorum fructicosum showed highest activity against HT-29 colon cancer cells (75.84 ± 1.57%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Goniothalamus elegans&lt;/em&gt; demonstrated exceptional dual bioactivity with both potent antioxidant properties and selective anticancer effects. The remarkable selectivity indices and broad-spectrum anticancer activity suggest significant clinical potential. These findings provide scientific validation for traditional medicinal uses of Annonaceae species.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">362</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sawitree Wongtangtintharn&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sirirath McCloskey&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Rungruedee Thiwthong&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, U-sa Thongpairoj&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;4*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Science, Faculty of Education, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Issara Chummalee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pornpun Laovachirasuwan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Assessment of Anti-tyrosinase, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activities of Trigonostemon reidioides Extracts on Mouse Fibroblast (L929) Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antityrosinase activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Trigonostemon reidioides (Kurz) Craib</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302-306</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Trigonostemon reidioides (Kurz) Craib is a plant traditionally used for its whitening properties, although previous studies have reported some adverse effects associated with its use. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study were to investigate the antityrosinase activity, antioxidant activity, and toxicity on Mouse Fibroblast (L929) Cells of the T. reidioides extracts. The antityrosinase activity was determined using the dopachrome method, while the antioxidant activity was evaluated using the DPPH method. The cytotoxicity was assessed using the MTT assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results revealed that the ethanol extract exhibited strong antityrosinase activity, with an IC50 value of 5.38 μg/ml. Furthermore, Fraction 3 and Fraction 4, which were further separated from the ethanol extract, demonstrated high antioxidant activity, with IC50 values ranging from 1.65 to 2.10 μg/ml. The hexane extract, as well as Fraction 4 and Fraction 5, exhibited low toxicity, with IC50 values ranging from 11.82 to 40.12 μg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;These findings indicate that Fraction 4 and Fraction 5 of T. reidioides possess potent antityrosinase and antioxidant activities, while displaying low cytotoxicity against the mouse fibroblast (L929) cell line. Therefore, Fraction 4 and Fraction 5 hold considerable potential for further development as skin whitening agents derived from T. reidioides extracts.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">302</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Issara Chummalee, Methin Phadungkit, Pornpun Laovachirasuwan*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;Mahasarakham Univeristy, Maha Sarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ajayi Adebimpe Oluwabunmi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aruwa Christiana Eleojo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sabiu Saheed</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akinyosoye Felix Akinsola</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cheminformatic and in vitro Bioprospection of Capsicum Annuum L. Metabolites as DNA Gyrase B Inhibitors</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Capsicum annuum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Computational analysis.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gyrase B</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">726-737</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Capsicum species are known in food and trado-medicinal uses for maladies management due their rich content of phytochemicals, but with little work done on &lt;em&gt;in silico&lt;/em&gt; bioprospection of its volatilome. Objectives: This study targeted chemometric profiling, virtual bioprospection of potential lead metabolites in 2 &lt;em&gt;Capsicum annuum&lt;/em&gt; L. fruit variants’ (green and red) to identify lead gyrase B inhibitors (GBIs) and provide new mechanistic insights. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Metabolites were profiled using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS), and quantitative phytochemical assays. Extracts antioxidant (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) and antibacterial (susceptibility testing) activities were also determined.&lt;em&gt; In silico&lt;/em&gt; [docking, pharmacokinetics, DFT] analyses were used to identify and predict chemical features of potential lead GBIs key to extracts molecular mechanism of action. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Mass spectral analysis identified hydrocarbons, fatty acid and other derivatives. Quantitative phytochemical analysis showed flavonoids, cardiac glycosides and alkaloids. The green&lt;em&gt; C. annuum&lt;/em&gt; extract had better antioxidative action, while extracts of both green and red variant showed similar antimicrobial profiles against resistant bacterial pathogens. &lt;em&gt;In silico &lt;/em&gt;highest docking scores were observed for [1-Ethyloctyl) cyclohexane (-6.6 kcal/mol)] and dibutyl phthalate (-6.4 kcal/mol). All lead GBIs had desirable pharmacokinetics in line with the Lipinski rule of 5, and chemical reactivity properties. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In silico&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;methods combination provided robust metabolomic profiling. The identified lead &lt;em&gt;C. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;em&gt;annuum&lt;/em&gt;-based natural GBIs contribute to the bioactivity profile and molecular mechanism of action of fractions. The study provided a first-hand report on natural GBIs derivable from Capsicum fruits which could be exploited in formulations for non-food and pharmaceutical applications.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">726</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ajayi Adebimpe Oluwabunmi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Aruwa Christiana Eleojo&lt;sup&gt;2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Sabiu Saheed&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Akinyosoye Felix Akinsola&lt;sup&gt;1 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Federal University of Technology,&amp;nbsp;Akure, PMB 704, Ondo State, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, PO Box 1334, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Khemjira Jarmkom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wanna Eiamart</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Prakairat Tunit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Anti-Arthritis Potential of Decoction Extract from Caulerpa lentillifera</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-arthritis activity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caulerpa lentillifera</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical components</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">927-932</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Caulerpa lentillifera &lt;/em&gt;also known as sea grape, is a green seaweed in the Caulerpaceae family known for its nutritional benefits and medicinal properties. This study aimed to examine the phytochemical compounds, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, and antioxidant and anti-arthritis properties of sea grape decoction extract. The total phenolic content was measured using the Folin-Ciocalteu method, and the total flavonoid content was determined with the aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Antioxidant activities were evaluated using two methods: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azinobis-(3- ethylbenzothia-zoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS). The anti-arthritis activities were assessed using bovine-serum protein. The study identified that the extract contained flavonoids, saponin, terpenoids and coumarins, with the total phenolic content of 343.19 ± 9.86 μg gallic acid equivalents/ mg dry extract and the total flavonoid content of 268.48 ± 16.57 μg quercetin equivalents/ mg dry extract. The extract showed antioxidant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 309.05±5.91 μg/ml using the DPPH method and 572.33±3.47 μg/ml using the ABTS method, respectively. Additionally, it exhibited anti-arthritis properties with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 54.60±12.71 μg/ml, which was less than 1.69 times the IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of diclofenac sodium. A strong positive correlation was found between the antioxidant and anti-arthritis activities measured by the ABTS method, with an R² value of 0.9476. Therefore, this study provides initial evidence supporting the antioxidant and anti-arthritis activities of sea grape decoction extract. The extract shows potential for further development as a product for treating arthritis.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">927</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Khemjira Jarmkom&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wanna Eiamart&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Prakairat Tunit&lt;sup&gt;3*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Innovation of Health Products Program, Faculty of Integrative Medicine,&amp;nbsp;Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Pathumthani, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Chula&amp;nbsp;Pharmacokinetic Research Center, Faculty of medicine, Chulalongkorn university, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Thai Traditional Medicine Program, Faculty of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences,&amp;nbsp;Phetchaburi Rajabhat University, Phetchaburi, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diah Dhianawaty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Resti Gradia Dwiwina</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wulan Mayasari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Achadiyani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ruslin</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantification of Four Phytochemical Parameters of Imperata cylindrica Leaves to Promote Its Use as A Medicinal Plant</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imperata cylindrica leaves</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Tannin content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2024</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2024</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">16</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108-117</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The benefits of Imperata cylindrica (I. cylindrica) leaves and their relationship to the content of phytochemical compounds have been widely studied. The aim of this study was to promote I. cylindrica leaves from Kertajati Subdistrict in Majalengka Regency in their use as a medicinal plant based on the four parameters, namely the content of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, and antioxidant activity. The four parameters that become the basis for the benefits of the leaves were compared with the four parameters of the roots. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Quantification of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, and antioxidant activity used Folin-Ciocalteu, aluminium chloride, Fe(III) chloride and 1.10-Phenanthroline, and 1,1-diphenyl-2-pikrilhidrazil (DPPH) methods, respectively. All methods used visible spectrophotometric method. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The percentages of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, and IC50 of antioxidant activity of I. cylindrica leaves extract were 9% (GAE), 2.1% (QE), 5.6% (TAE), and 100.5 ppm, respectively. Then, the percentages of I. cylindrica roots extract showed the percentages of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, total tannin content, and IC50 of antioxidant activity were 5.8% (GAE), 0.64% (QE), 3% (TAE), and 241 ppm, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract of I. cylindrica leaves contained the phenolic compound, namely flavonoids, tannins and other phenolic compounds, and had antioxidant activity. All parameters have been reported to have positive effect on health. Therefore, the leaves of I. cylindrica from Kertajati Subdistrict are discovered to have effects on health which are suitable to be promoted as a medicinal plant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">108</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Diah Dhianawaty&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Resti Gradia Dwiwina&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Wulan Mayasari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Achadiyani1, Ruslin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Halu Oleo University, Kendari, Southeast Sulawesi, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fares Khenniche</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abderachid Slimani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chawki Bensouici</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ibtissem Magboune</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manel Srief</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hamed Hakkom</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative and Evaluative Study On Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Potential Within Hydromythanol Extracts and Their Fractions from All Parts of Drimia numidica (JORD. &amp; FOURR.) J.C. MANNING &amp; GOLDBLATT of Northeastern Algeria</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Drimia numidica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hydromythanol extracts and their fractions.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-81</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Drimia numidica&lt;/em&gt; is a polyphenol-rich species that has antioxidant capacity, which makes it very important. Nevertheless, &lt;em&gt;D. numidica&lt;/em&gt; has not been studied in depth. Moreover, its capsules have not been studied so far. This detailed study compared the values of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of all &lt;em&gt;D. numidica&lt;/em&gt; parts (scapes, flowers, bulbs, capsules, leaves, roots), from Edough Peninsula, Annaba, Algeria, using hydromethanol extracts and their fractions (cyclohexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and n-butanol). &lt;strong&gt;Methods&lt;/strong&gt;: The total phenolic content was determined by Folin Ciocalteo assay, and the antioxidant activity by the following methods: DPPH, Reducing Powder, Phenanthroline, Silver Nanoparticles, CUPRAC, and ABTS. Statistical analysis was done using the ANOVA test and a correlation test (between antioxidant activity and total phenolic content). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The Ethyl acetate fraction was found the sample with the highest phenolic content. The same was true for the antioxidant activity in all tests except for the silver nanoparticles test in which cyclohexane extracts scored the best. Considering the methods used in general, there is a correlation between phenolic content and the highest antioxidant activity, but there are some methods that have not recorded any correlation. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;Choosing the appropriate method or extract/fraction type is extremely important. In addition, extracts of &lt;em&gt;D. numidica &lt;/em&gt;parts could be an important natural alternative to antioxidants industrial.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Fares Khenniche&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Abderachid Slimani&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chawki Bensouici&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ibtissem Magboune&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Manel Srief&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;, Hamed Hakkom&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Plant Biology and Environnement «Médicinal Plants» Axis, Faculty of Sciences, University Badji Mokhtar- Annaba. BP 12, 23000 Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology Research Center, Ali Mendjeli UV 3, PBOX 73, El Khroub, Constantine, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Biotechnology laboratory, National Higher School of Biotechnology, Constantine, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dian Iriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bustari Hasan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">N Ira Sari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vivi Alfionita</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation of Face Mask from Microalga Chlorella sp. and Its Potential as Antiaging</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antiaging</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorella sp</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Face mask.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112-118</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The mask with natural extracts is more acceptable by consumers at present. The &lt;em&gt;Chlorella&lt;/em&gt; sp. is one of the microalgae which contain the antioxidant compound. The research aimed to obtain the best concentration of &lt;em&gt;Chlorella&lt;/em&gt; sp. in the manufacturing of masks and to evaluate the sensory, physical properties, chlorophyll a b, carotenoid and its antioxidant compound. Non-factorial Completely Randomized Design with 4 level treatments was used in this study with different concentrations of &lt;em&gt;Chlorella&lt;/em&gt; sp. powder whereas MW&lt;sub&gt;0&lt;/sub&gt; (without chlorella powder), MW&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (0.4% chlorella powder), MW&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (0.5% chlorella powder), MW&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; (0.6% chlorella powder), triplicated. The parameter assay was observed for sensory (color, texture, and odor), physical properties (homogeneity, pH, spreadability, drying time), chlorophyll a, b, carotenoid and antioxidant activity. Based on the result of this study shows that the MW&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; with 0.6% of chlorella powder was the best treatment with sensory value (8.28, 7.08, 7.37); physical properties (homogenous, 5.3, 7.5 cm, 24-30 minutes), respectively. Meanwhile, chlorophyll a 0.67 mg/L, chlorophyll b 0.89 mg/L, total chlorophyll 1.63 mg/L, carotenoid 0.84 mg/L, the antioxidant activity of Chlorella sp. mask was 246.70 mg/L. Therefore, the present study suggested that the Chlorella sp. mask could be used in cosmeceutical products, and potentially as an antiaging.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">112</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dian Iriani*, Bustari Hasan, N Ira Sari, Vivi Alfionita&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Fisheries Products Technology, Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science Universitas Riau, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dennis R.A. Mans</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Priscilla Friperson</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meryll Djotaroeno</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinoj Sewberath Misser</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jennifer Pawirodihardjo</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Activities as well as Phytochemical Content of the Fresh Stem Juice from Montrichardia arborescens Schott (Araceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro studies</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Montrichardia arborescens Schott</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Stem juice</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296-304</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Montrichardia arborescens&lt;/em&gt; Schott (Araceae) is traditionally used for treating, among others, inflammatory conditions, but so far without scientific evidence. In this study, the fresh stem juice was assessed for its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities and phytochemical content. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The stem juice’s anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using a heat-induced bovine serum albumin (BSA) denaturation assay and a hypotonicity-induced human erythrocyte membrane lysis assay. Its antioxidant activity was determined by a DPPH free radical-scavenging assay and a FRAP assay. Diclofenac and Trolox were used as reference compounds. Its phytochemical content was qualitatively explored by standard methods. Data (means ± SDs; n ≥ 3) were evaluated for statistically significant differences (p &amp;lt; 0.05) using ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc adjustments. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; At ≥ 12.5% (v/v), the stem juice inhibited BSA denaturation by 50%-75% and membrane lysis by roughly 90%. At 0.20-7.0% (v/v), it did not affect BSA denaturation but stabilized membranes by &amp;gt; 50%. The juice scavenged DPPH free radicals at an EC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;of 2.0 ± 0.2% (v/v) and achieved at that dilution an antioxidant power of 2,616 ± 16 μM Fe&lt;sup&gt;2+&lt;/sup&gt; equivalents. All the effects were in the range of those found with diclofenac 50 μg/mL and Trolox 1.0-6.0 μg/mL. The stem juice contained phenolic compounds, flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, and glycosides. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The &lt;em&gt;M. arborescens s&lt;/em&gt;tem juice exhibited appreciable anti-inflammatory activities that might mainly be associated with the inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators, along with notable antioxidant activity, which might be attributable to phytochemicals with known anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article </style></work-type><accession-num><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">07</style></accession-num><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">296</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Dennis R.A. Mans*, Priscilla Friperson, Meryll Djotaroeno, Vinoj Sewberath Misser, Jennifer Pawirodihardjo&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Anton de Kom University of Suriname, Paramaribo, SURINAME.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shahad Myasar Alfaris</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rasha Khalid Dhahir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amina Mudhafar Al-Nima</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Preparation, Evaluation of Propolis Extract Gel and exploring its Antioxidant, Antimicrobial Activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbopol-934</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Poloxamer-407</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Propolis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2022</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2022</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">675-681</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Propolis is a wax-like resin which is produced by different types of bees by mixing resinous secretions of plants with beeswax and other products of bees' metabolism. However, this natural product contains a group of compounds that are responsible for various propolis activities including antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, antiviral, and others. This study aims to prepare different gel formulae that contain various concentrations of propolis extract using two different polymers and to evaluate their physical properties, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;Propolis was extracted depending on the hydroalcoholic method; six different gel formulae (P-1 to P-6) were prepared with different concentrations of propolis extract (0.5, 1, and 1.5%) using two different polymers; carbopol-934 and poloxamer-407, in concentrations of 0.5 and 25% respectively. The formulae were evaluated physically for their visual appearance, pH, viscosity, spreadability, and physiological compatibility with the skin. The anti-microbial activities were investigated by well diffusion method against various bacterial species including &lt;em&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; (gram+), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (gram-), Enterococcus fecalis (gram+) and against one fungal species which is Candida albicans. Also, the antioxidant activity was determined utilizing 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Finally, a stability test was carried out for the chosen formula.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The six formulae (P-1 to P-6) were successfully prepared and evaluated and they were acceptable in their physical appearance and consistency, pH reading was in the range of 5.33±0.08 to 5.72±0.02 (p&amp;gt;0.05), a study of the skin irritation revealed no undesirable side effect, while the viscosity was in the range of 128.99±0.07 to 248.54±1.04 Pa.s (p&amp;gt;0.05), also the carbopol-934 containing formulae revealed good spreadability (1.495±0.075 to 5.15±0.35 mg.cm/s, p&amp;gt;0.05), in comparison to poloxamer-407 containing ones. Both carbopol-934 and poloxamer-407 containing formulae exhibited antimicrobial activity but the P-3 formula had the largest inhibition zone against &lt;em&gt;C. Albicans &lt;/em&gt;(16.1mm), and only P-2, P-5 and P-6 were active against &lt;em&gt;pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; (12mm in all), while P-2 had the largest inhibition zone against&lt;em&gt; enterococcus fecalis&lt;/em&gt; (13.2 mm), P-2 and P-5 showed the largest activity against &lt;em&gt;staphylococcus aureus&lt;/em&gt; (15.5 and 14.6 mm respectively). The carbopol-934-containing formulae exhibited higher antioxidant activity than those with poloxamer-407, and the best-calculated IC50 belonged to P-2 (1.19 mg/ml). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; All the prepared formulae showed antimicrobial and antioxidant activities with some controversial results. However, P-2 (1% propolis extract and 0.5% carbopol-934), was active against all types of the tested microorganism, and had the best-calculated IC50, in addition to that it was a stable formula.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">675</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Shahad Myasar Alfaris*, Rasha Khalid Dhahir, Amina Mudhafar Al-Nima&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Mosul, Mosul, IRAQ.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mustanir</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nurdin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Binawati Ginting</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity and Phytochemical Identification of Annona Squamosa Leaves Methanolic Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Annona squamosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1746-1750</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;Annona squamosa &lt;/em&gt;(&lt;em&gt;A. squamosa&lt;/em&gt;) leaf was carried out using methanol extract and fractionated extract namely n-hexane, ethyl acetate and residue. The antioxidant activity of methanol extract and fractionated was performed using the 1-diphenyl-2-Pycrilhydrazil (DPPH) method. The antioxidant activity test of methanol extract and fractionated n-hexane, ethyl acetate and residue yielded IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 6.87, 169.99, 31.55 and 44.75 ppm. The ethyl acetate fraction extract with IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;31.55 ppm was performed by column chromatography using silica gel G60 as the stationary phase and n-hexane: ethyl acetate as the mobile phase. The results of column chromatography obtained 181 fractions and were combined based on the stain pattern into 4 subfractions. Antioxidant test of each subfraction showed that the ASE 3 subfraction had the strongest antioxidant activity. Furthermore, the subfraction was analyzed using Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). According, GC-MS data analysis showed that the third subfraction contained 19 phytochemical compounds, where 3 compounds having the highest concentration, namely 4,4'-((p-Phenylene)diisopropylidene) diphenol, dodecanoic acid, methyl ester and phthalic acid, isobutyl 2-methylpent-3-yl ester.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1746</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mustanir&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Nurdin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Binawati Ginting&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">L S Ngidi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C I Nxumalo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J S Shandu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T S Maliehe</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K Rene</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant, Anti-quorum Sensing and Cytotoxic Properties of the Endophytic Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1 's Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-quorum sensing activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical composition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pseudomonas aeruginosa CP043328.1</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332-340</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Novel bioactive compounds are in high demand to combat challenges of microbial resistance. In recent years, secondary metabolites from endophytic bacteria have drawn attention from researchers due to their novel structures and significant biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed at extracting secondary metabolites from endophytic &lt;em&gt;Pseudomonas aeruginosa&lt;/em&gt; CP043328.1 from &lt;em&gt;Anredera cordifolia&lt;/em&gt; leaves for their biological activities. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The anti-SMASH was used to predict the biosynthetic gene clusters of &lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;CP043328.1. The bacteria was resuscitated on Nutrient agar. Ethyl acetate was used to extract the secondary metabolites. Chemical composition of the secondary metabolites was evaluated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and 2, 2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) methods were used to analyze the scavenging activity. Anti-quorum sensing activity was investigated using &lt;em&gt;Chromobacterium violacuem &lt;/em&gt;ATCC 12472 as the biological indicator. Cytotoxicity assay was performed using a tetrozolium-based columetric (MTT) assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The bacterium has 12 gene clusters that encode for secondary metabolites. The extract revealed 15 volatile constituents with diisooctyl phthalate (50.51%) and [1, 2, 4] oxadiazole, 5-benzyl-3 (10.44%) being the major compounds. The extract revealed scavenging capabilities with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 0.625 mg/ml for DPPH and 0.15 mg/ml for ABTS. It displayed anti-quorum sensing activity with 88% violacein inhibition at 3.31 mg/ml. According to MTT assay, the extract was found to be safe for use up to 2000 μg/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;em&gt; &lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;P. aeruginosa &lt;/em&gt;CP043328.1 shows a potential use as a source of pharmacologically important metabolites.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">332</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;L. S. Ngidi&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, C. I. Nxumalo&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, J. S. Shandu&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, T.S. Maliehe&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, K. Rene&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, Private Bag X1001, KwaDlangezwa 3886, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Discipline of Medical Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu- Natal, Private Bag X 54001, Durban 4000, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maria del Pilar Caramantin Soriano</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavia Schiappacasse</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patricio Peñailillo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaime Tapia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sergio Wehinger</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Camilo A Valenzuela-Vasquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sarvia M Durán-Peña</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nutritional and Functional Potential of Selliera radicans Cav., a Chilean Native Halophyte</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Goodeniaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inulin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Macro and Micronutrients</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenolics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341-346</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Selliera radicans&lt;/em&gt; was recognized as one of the foods consumed by the oldest human settlement in America (Monte Verde, Chile) that had a diet with a high component of plants.&lt;strong&gt; Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims at investigating nutritional and functional characteristics of&lt;em&gt; S. radicans&lt;/em&gt;, a native halophyte from Chile. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; An analysis of total protein, carbohydrate, ash, and moisture from &lt;em&gt;S. radicans&lt;/em&gt; leaves was performed, using standard methods. The content of macro and micronutrients was quantified by atomic absorption spectrometry. The inulin content was carried out based on the Seliwanoff reactions. &lt;em&gt;S. radicans&lt;/em&gt; leaves were extracted with methanol and the total content of phenolic and flavonoids and antioxidant activity were evaluated by spectroscopic method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaves from cultivated plants proved to be a suitable source of proteins (7.5 % on DW), ash (6.8 % on DW), and a wide range of macro and micronutrients, where Ca, K, and Na had the highest values. In addition, inulin (2.3% on DW), total phenolics (63.4 GAE/g LDW) and flavonoids (21.8 QE/g LDW), and antioxidant capacity (10 TE/g LDW) were noted. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; According to the results, cultivated &lt;em&gt;S. radicans&lt;/em&gt; leaves are promising sources of food with beneficial health properties.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">314</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maria del Pilar Caramantin Soriano&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Flavia Schiappacasse&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Patricio Peñailillo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Jaime Tapia&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Sergio Wehinger&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Camilo A. Valenzuela-Vasquez&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, and Sarvia M. Durán-Peña&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad de Talca, Talca, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Av. Lircay s/n, Talca, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunohematología, Universidad de Talca, Talca, CHILE.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phimkun Aiyarakanchanakun</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chanida Palanuvej</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nijsiri Ruangrungsi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anuchit Phanumartwiwath</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic Specifications, RP-HPLC Analysis of Chlorogenic Acid Content and Antioxidant Activity of Morus alba Linn. Leaves in Thailand</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorogenic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Morus alba</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic specification</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quality control</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1186-1194</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Morus alba Linn. leaves have been widely used as herbal medicine with therapeutics and contain chlorogenic acid as a bioactive phenolic compound. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study aimed to conduct the pharmacognostic specifications of M. alba leaves and the method validation for quantification of chlorogenic acid content. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Macroscopic- and microscopic characteristics, physicochemical parameters combined with quantification of chlorogenic acid in &lt;em&gt;M. alba &lt;/em&gt;leaves collected from 15 sources throughout Thailand and their antioxidant activity were reported in this study. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The physicochemical parameters of&lt;em&gt; M. alba&lt;/em&gt; leaves were determined by indicating water content (7.97 ± 0.35%), loss on drying (4.55 ± 0.21%), total ash (14.38 ± 0.25%), acid-insoluble ash (6.21 ± 0.37%), water-extractive value (16.14 ± 0.50%) and ethanol-extractive value (8.61 ± 0.39%). In addition, the chlorogenic acid contents in &lt;em&gt;M. alba&lt;/em&gt; leaves were found to be 0.4159 ± 0.1958 g/100g dry weight. The ethanolic leaf extracts exhibited their antioxidant activity with half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) values (326.09–467.55 μg/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;This study showed the establishment of pharmacognostic study of&lt;em&gt; M. alba&lt;/em&gt; leaves and validation of the reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RPHPLC) quantitative analysis of their chlorogenic acid contents, which are applicable to be a reference for quality control and standardization of &lt;em&gt;M. alba&lt;/em&gt; leaves.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1186</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Phimkun Aiyarakanchanakun&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Chanida Palanuvej&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nijsiri Ruangrungsi&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Anuchit Phanumartwiwath&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;College of Public Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Rangsit University, Pathum Thani, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohsen S Al-Omar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Analysis, Antioxidant, and Anti-Microbial Activities of Suaeda vermiculata n-Hexane Extract in Comparison to the Plant's Hydrodistilled Volatile Oil</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">n-hexane extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suaeda vermiculata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Volatile oil</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">853-859</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Suaeda vermiculata&lt;/em&gt;, a halophyte found in central Saudi Arabia, used as a remedy for jaundice, liver diseases, and viral infection. &lt;strong&gt;Study aim: &lt;/strong&gt;Chemical identification and biological evaluation for the n-hexane extract of &lt;em&gt;S. vermiculata&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;strong&gt; Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;An assay of the antimicrobial and antioxidant potentials and contents of the volatile oil and n-hexane extract of the plant’s aerial parts were analyzed through GC-MS analysis.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;A total of 24 constituents representing 73.74 % of the n-hexane extract were identified wherein bornyl acetate, γ-elemene, and phytol were major ratio. The n-hexane extract inhibited DPPH-radicals inhibitions at 27% efficiency at 10 mg/ml concentration which was lower than the volatile oil DPPH-reactivity. The antimicrobial activity of n-hexane extract was relatively weaker than the volatile oil, except against &lt;em&gt;Candida albicans&lt;/em&gt; that showed IZD values of 19 mm with MIC value at 5.2 mg/ml for the volatile oil while IZD value of 26 mm and MIC at 4.7 mg/ml was observed for the n-hexane extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Despite high extractive value, the n-hexane as a solvent is not recommended for extraction as the oxygenated-terpenic components, considered responsible for antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were not fully extracted. The n-hexane extract which showed potent inhibition of &lt;strong&gt;C. albicans&lt;/strong&gt; can be a source for further investigation for bioactivities of its constituents.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">853</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mohsen S. Al-Omar&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Buraydah, 51452, KINGDOM OF SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, JUST, Irbid 22110, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MA Alfaro Jiménez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">A Zugasti Cruz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">SY Silva Belmares</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">JA Ascacio Valdés</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">CA Sierra Rivera</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical and Biological Characterization of Aqueous and Ethanolic Extracts of Parthenium hysterophorus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxicity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parthenium hysterophorus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1122-1133</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Parthenium hysterophorus &lt;/em&gt;is a plant used in traditional medicine to treat health issues and which could be a source of phytochemicals with possible antioxidant activity without causing cytotoxic effects. Hence, this work was designed to evaluate its phytochemical profile, cytotoxicity, and antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The aqueous (AE) and ethanolic (EE) extracts of &lt;em&gt;P. hysterophorus &lt;/em&gt;flowers were obtained by decoction and ultrasound, respectively. Their phytochemical composition was determined by colorimetric tests and RP-HPLC-MS analysis. Their cytotoxic activity was tested by a hemolysis assay. The antioxidant activity was evaluated with the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), 2,2-diphenyl-1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and hydroxyl radical (-OH) scavenging assays. In addition, the effect of the extracts on the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) from human erythrocytes, was evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The phytochemical screening of the AE and EE by colorimetric test showed the presence of flavonoids, steroids, triterpenes, saponins, coumarins, sesquiterpene lactones, tannins, and carbohydrates. In addition, the RP-HPLC-MS analysis identified some phenolic compounds such as flavonols, methoxyflavonols, flavones, methoxyflavones, and hydroxycinnamic acids. The hemolysis assay showed non-cytotoxic activity by AE, but EE exhibited a hemolytic effect. Furthermore, the AE and EE showed significant antioxidant activity to inhibit radicals in the TEAC, DPPH and -OH scavenging assays. Moreover, the SOD activity only showed a significant increase by AE. However, the two crude extracts increased the CAT activity, at the highest concentrations.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. hysterophorus &lt;/em&gt;has phytochemicals with antioxidant activity to inhibit radicals and increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes &lt;em&gt;in vitro.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1122</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;MA Alfaro Jiménez&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, A Zugasti Cruz&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, SY Silva Belmares&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, JA Ascacio Valdés&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, CA Sierra Rivera&lt;sup&gt;5,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Master program of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Immunology and Toxicology, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Bioprocess and Bioproducts Group, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Immunology and Toxicology, Food Research Department, Faculty of Chemistry, Autonomous University of Coahuila, Saltillo, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María del Carmen Juárez-Vázquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alejandro Zamilpa A</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosalba León-Díaz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mariano Martínez-Vázquez</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adolfo López-Torres</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Julieta Luna-Herrera</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lilian Yépez-Mulia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Francisco Alarcón-Aguilar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">María Adelina Jiménez-Arellanes</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Anti-Inflammatory Potential of the Organic Extracts from Cleoserrata serrata (Jacq.) Iltis.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Effect</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimycobacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cleoserrata serrata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DL50</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leishmanicidal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Organic extract</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1225-1241</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cleoserrata serrata&lt;/em&gt; is used in Mexican-south traditional medicine to treat chicleros ulcer. The phytochemical profile and the anti-inflammatory effect from four extracts obtained by maceration proccess and of the primary fractions from two extracts are described. In addition, the antioxidant, leishmanicidal and antimycobaterial activities and LD&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;from active extracts are reported. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated in TPA and carrageenan assays. Ethyl palmitate and γ-sitosterol were detected in Hexanic and CH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; extracts. Same compounds and stigmasta-3,5-dien-7-one, palmitic acid, phytol acetate and phytol were detected in primary fractions from CH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;:EtOH extract. In this and in MeOH extracts a polyphenolmixture was obtained. The MeOH extract was subjected to acid hydrolysis, and kaempferol, quercetin and scopoletin were detected in organic-phase. Polyphenol-mixture and organic-phase (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=3730 and 2338 μg/mL) showed moderate antioxidant activity; meanwhile MeOH extract exhibited scarce activity. In carrageenan model, Hexanic extract and polyphenol-mixture showed ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=131.46 and 64.89 mg/ kg, respectively. Three extracts were active but not-dose-dependent. In TPA-model, CH&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; extract and polyphenol-mixture showed ED&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; &amp;lt;0.79 mg/ear, and three extracts were active, however the effect was not-dose-dependent. CH&lt;sub&gt;&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:10.8333px&quot;&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;Cl&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt;:EtOH showed antimycobacterial and leishmanicidal activities. The LD&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; was &amp;gt;2 g/kg for all extracts.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1225</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;María del Carmen Juárez-Vázquez&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;†, Alejandro Zamilpa A&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosalba León- Díaz&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Mariano Martínez-Vázquez&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Adolfo López-Torres&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Julieta Luna- Herrera&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;, Lilian Yépez-Mulia&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;, Francisco Alarcón-Aguilar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, María Adelina Jiménez-Arellanes&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Unidad de Investigación Médica (UIM) en Farmacología, UMAE Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI (CMN-SXXI), Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores 06720, Ciudad de México (CdMx), MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana, Av. San Rafael Atlixco 186, CdMx 09340, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Sur (CIBIS), IMSS, Argentina 1, Col. Centro 062790, Xochitepec, Morelos, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Área de Biología y Salud Integral, Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas, Universidad Veracruzana. Luis Castelazo s/n. Col. Industrial Ánimas, Xalapa 91190, Veracruz, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán 04510, CdMx, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad del Papaloapan. Circuito Central 12200, Col. Parque Industrial, Tuxtepec 68301, Oaxaca, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;7&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CdMx 11340, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;8&lt;/sup&gt;UIM en Enfermedades Infecciosas y Parasitarias, UMAE Hospital de Pediatria, CMN-SXXI, IMSS. Av. Cuauhtémoc 330, Col. Doctores 06720, CdMx, MEXICO.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darunee Puangpronpitag</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Puangpaka Tankitjanon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adisak Sumalee</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ampa Konsue</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activities of the Seedling Extracts from Inca Peanut Plukenetia volubilis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inca peanut seedling</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plukenetia Volubilis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52-58</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Plukenetia volubilis&lt;/em&gt; L., Inca peanut is an oleaginous plant, widely cultivated as commercially in South East Asia, especially in Thailand. The oil from the seed plant is a greatest interesting a natural source. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; The aims of this study were investigated phytochemical screening, to evaluated the total flavonoids and phenolic compound contents as well as antioxidant activities of seedling extract from &lt;em&gt;P. volubilis. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The dried &lt;em&gt;P. volubilis&lt;/em&gt; seedlings of 21 days growing period were extracted by using different solvent including aqueous (ASS), 50% ethanolic (HESS), and 95% ethanolic (ESS) extracts. The phytochemical screenings were determined on total phenolic compound (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents. The antioxidation were tested by using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazy radical scavenging (DPPH), 2,2 -azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate) (ABTS&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt;) assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;The results found that the ESS were significantly highest amount on total phenolic compound (23.0809±0.8632 mgGE/gExt ) and flavonoid (466.3839±1.5580 mgQE/gExt) contents. In this study, ascorbic acid (IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;=0.016±0.0003 mg/mL) and Trolox (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; =0.044±0.0008 mg/mL) as standard substances were showed more potent than all of the extracts from &lt;em&gt;P. volubilis &lt;/em&gt;seedlings. Surprisingly, the ESS has more potent on free radical scavenging higher than different solvents; DPPH=0.007± 0.001 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=mg/mL), ABTS= 1.4065± 0.0505 (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;=mg/mL),and FRAP= 74.4960± 2.6067 (mg=TE/gExt). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; the plant seedling extracts composed with high amount of flavonoids and phenolic compound contents possess valuable to antioxidant activities. The seedling extracts from the plant could apply to supplementary food, cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and horticultural industries. Next study, chemical compositions, the major active compound(s), and biological activities will be clarified.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">52</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Darunee Puangpronpitag&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Puangpaka Tankitjanon&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Adisak Sumalee&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Ampa Konsue&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedical Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Sukhothai Thammatirat Open University, Nonthaburi, 11120, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Thai Traditional Medicinal Research Unit, Applied Thai Traditional Medical Program, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham, 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmalena</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Putu Ayu Widyastuti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fatmawaty Yazid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Islamudin Ahmad</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals and Antioxidant Activities Evaluation of Origanum vulgare (L.) Stem Bark Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Malondialdehyde</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Origanum vulgare (L.)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">965-970</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The present study aimed to evaluate phytochemical and antioxidant activity (&lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt;) of &lt;em&gt;Origanum vulgare &lt;/em&gt;(L.) ethanolic extract. The phytochemical test was assessed using the Clule method in ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;evaluation of antioxidant activity was determined by radical scavenging assay using DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) as an artificial free radical activity.&lt;em&gt; In vivo &lt;/em&gt;test was conducted to evaluate the effect of malondialdehyde (MDA) level in blood plasma during maximum physical activity treatment.&lt;em&gt; In vivo&lt;/em&gt; test was done using 25 male Sprague Dawley rats in pre and post-test control group design. The phytochemical test of &lt;em&gt;O. vulgare&lt;/em&gt; ethanol extract was showed some compounds, such as a flavonoid, alkaloid, triterpenoid/steroid, essential oil, and tannin, then in ethyl acetate and hexane. &lt;em&gt;In vitro &lt;/em&gt;assay showed that &lt;em&gt;O. vulgare&lt;/em&gt; extract has strong antioxidant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 133.47 μg/mL. While in the &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; test, the most effective dosage is 20 mg/200 gr B.W., represented by a significant decrease of MDA level (0.509 nmol/mL) before and after treatment. So, the ethanolic extract of clove has potency as an herbal antioxidant because of the low level of IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; and can decrease the MDA level.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">965</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rosmalena&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Putu Ayu Widyastuti&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Fatmawaty Yazid&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Neneng Siti Silfi Ambarwati&lt;sup&gt;3,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Islamudin Ahmad&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, South Jakarta, 10430 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, South Jakarta, 10430 Jakarta, INDONESIA&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Cosmetology, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Jakarta, East Jakarta, 13220 Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Mulawarman, Samarinda, 75119 East Kalimantan, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saleh A Almatroodi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Therapeutic Implication of Honey against Chronic Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Injury via Enhancing Antioxidant Potential and Maintenance of Liver Tissue Architecture</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Carbon tetrachloride</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathological alteration</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Honey</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Liver toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">542-549</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;The current study was undertaken to examine the possible hepatoprotective effect of natural honey against carbon tetrachloride (CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;)-induced liver injury in mice. A significant increase in the serum aminotransferases (ALT and AST) and alkaline phosphatase activity was noticed in mice exposed to CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;. In addition to this, a significant decrease in total antioxidant capacity and antioxidant enzymes (catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase) was observed in CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-induction group. However, treatment with honey (400 mg/kg b.w, 4 times/ week) clearly demonstrates significant hepatoprotective activities by lowering the liver marker enzymes towards the normal reference range and restores the antioxidant enzyme levels(&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). The effect of CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; was also noticed microscopically by alteration in liver tissue architecture. The administration of liver toxicant causes, hemorrhage, congestion, necrosis, edema and remarkable blood vessel dilation. Moreover, honey exhibited protective action against this haloalkane in tissue architecture as the severity of liver tissue alteration was significantly reduced (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05). The expressional pattern of P53 protein in groups treated with CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; only as well as honey plus CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt; was statistically insignificant. In conclusion, this study reveals that natural honey has a remarkable protective effect against CCl&lt;sub&gt;4&lt;/sub&gt;-induced liver toxicity at antioxidant enzyme, histological and protein expression level.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">542</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saleh A. Almatroodi*&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Medical laboratories, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Buraydah, Qassim University, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Iman AA Kassem</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ayman A Farghaly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neveen S Ghaly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zeinab M Hassan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marian Nabil</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Composition and Genoprotective Effect of the Flavonoidal Content of Lepidium sativum L. Methanolic Seed Extract against Cyclophosphamide- Induced DNA Damage in Mice</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromosomal abberations</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lipidium sativum</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124-130</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lepidium sativum&lt;/em&gt; L. (Family Brassicaceae) is known to possess different pharmacological properties. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The genoprotective role of flavonoids of &lt;em&gt;L. sativum &lt;/em&gt;methanolic seed extract (LSF) against cyclophosphamide (CP)-induced DNA damage, in somatic and germ cells of mice, as well as characterization of the flavonoidal content were carried out in this study. Chromosomal aberration analysis in somatic and germ cells were also included. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Six mice groups were used for this study. Group 1 served as a negative control. Group 2 received oral LSF (100 mg/kg b.wt.) for 5 consecutive days. Group 3 served as a positive control by receiving a single intraperitoneal (i.p.) CP dose (20 mg/kg b.wt.). The three other groups were orally administered 25, 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. LSF, respectively, for 5 consecutive days. On the last day of treatment, the three groups received i.p. injection of CP (20 mg/kg b.wt.). Flavonoids were identified using spectral analysis.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;LSF inhibited DNA aberrations in mice caused by cyclophosphamide dose dependently in the three groups with significant difference in the two groups that received doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg b.wt. The chromosomal aberrations inhibitory indices were calculated as 18 and 31 in mice somatic cells and 27 and 48 in germ cells, respectively. LSF was found to contain the flavonoids kaempferol, quercetin, kaempferol-3-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside, and quercetin-3-O-β-D-galactopyranoside. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;LSF inhibited the DNA damage induced by CP in somatic and germ cells of mice dose-dependently. The antioxidant properties associated with flavonoids might account for the genoprotective activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">124</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Iman AA Kassem&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Ayman A Farghaly&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Neveen S Ghaly&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Zeinab M Hassan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marian Nabil&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Chemistry of Natural Compounds Department, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Centre, Dokki 12622, Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sathish Kumar Karuppannan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mohamed Khalith SB</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Darul Raiyaan GI</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sundarapandian Subramanian</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kantha Deivi Arunachalam</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activity of Cardiospermum halicacabum Against Wound Pathogens</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cardiospermum halicacabum</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicals</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1303-1310</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Plants serve as an important source for curing various medical ailments for a wide variety of human and animal diseases. It is therefore necessary to prove the biological activities of the selected plants scientifically using modern technology. The current study focuses on the use of &lt;em&gt;Cardiospermum halicacabum &lt;/em&gt;in their wound healing applications. &lt;em&gt;Cardiospermum halicacabum&lt;/em&gt; is a well-known plant that has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, anti-rheumatic properties and it is also used to treat joint pains, muscle tears, back pain, etc. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study methanolic extracts of the active compounds from &lt;em&gt;Cardiospermum halicacabum &lt;/em&gt;were tested for its phytochemical attributes by qualitative method, GC-MS, and the antioxidant properties were also assessed. The bactericidal activity and Minimal Inhibitory concentration (MIC) of the plant extract has been evaluated in both Gram +ve and Gram -ve microorganisms using the disc diffusion method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results obtained showed the presence of significant antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The plant extract was found to be more active against Gram positive microbes compared to Gram negative microbes. The extract has the radical scavenging activity of about 77%. And the GCMS results showed the presence of different phytocompounds which are greatly known for their pharmacognistic activities.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1303</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sathish Kumar Karuppannan, Mohammed Junaid Hussain Dowlath, Mohamed Khalith S B, Darul Raiyaan G I, Sundarapandian Subramanian, Kantha Deivi Arunachalam* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Center for Environmental Nuclear Research, Directorate of Research, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur-603203, India.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Awa KA</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kady Diatta Badji</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moustapha Bassimbé Sagna</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aliou Guissé</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Emmanuel Bassène</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Activity of the Fruits of Boscia senegalensis (Pers.) Lam. e.g. Pear. (Capparaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boscia senegalensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fruits</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical screening</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1042-1049</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aims to assess the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of the fruits (pulp and seeds) of &lt;em&gt;Boscia senegalensis&lt;/em&gt; from the Ferlo zone in Northern Senegal.&lt;strong&gt; Material and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Fruit collection of &lt;em&gt;Boscia senegalensis&lt;/em&gt; was carried out in three Ferlo’s localities: Tessékéré, Labgar and Ranérou. The sample consists of 36 individuals selected randomly from each locality. The major chemical groups were determined by conventional methods using specific general reagents. The determination of total polyphenols and total flavonoids, the 2,2-diphenyl-1picrylhydrazyl (DPPH.) radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing of antioxidant power (FRAP) were evaluated by spectrophotometry. &lt;strong&gt;Results and Discussion: &lt;/strong&gt;The results of the photochemical screening revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, sterols and triterpenes, flavonoids and polyphenols in both parts of the fruit (pulp and seeds). Assays carried out on extracts of pulp and seed powders reveals higher levels of total polyphenols and flavonoids in the pulp. The study of antioxidant activity has shown that hydro-ethanol extracts of pulp and seeds have a very interesting reducing activity, particularly in the pulp. However, we can see a weak antiradical activity of these extracts. The origin effect has a weak influence on the antiradical and reducing activity of the pulp and seed extracts.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;The biological activity of the harvested &lt;em&gt;Boscia senegalensis&lt;/em&gt; extracts highlighted in this study could justify the traditional uses of this plant in the treatment of several pathologies. This fruit should be consumed in order to prevent few dietary imbalances or valorized in order to develop new bioactive compounds.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1042</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Awa KA&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kady Diatta Badji&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Moustapha Bassimbé Sagna&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Aliou Guissé&lt;sup&gt;2,3,4,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Emmanuel Bassène&lt;sup&gt;1,4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy and Botany Laboratory, Cheikh Anta Diop University, B.P. 5005, Dakar-Fann, SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Cheikh Anta Diop University, B.P.5005. Dakar-Fann, SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Human Observatory International Environment, Tessékéré (UCAD/CNRS), SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;UMI 3189 &quot;Environment, Health, Societies&quot;, SÉNÉGAL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rungtiwa Kanthain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supawatchara Singhatong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapol Natakankitkul</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nathupakorn Dechsupa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jirakrit Leelarungrayub</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Potential of Hard Candy Containing Spray-Dried Vernonia cinerea Extract with Total Phenolic Compounds, Total Flavonoids and Nicotine Replacement as an Anti-Smoking Aid</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hard candy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nicotine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total phenolic compounds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vernonia cinerea</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February  2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35-43</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Backgound: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Vernonia cinerea&lt;/em&gt; (VC) is a natural plant claimed to reduce cigarette smoking. Some pilot anti-smoking products with nicotine replacement, such as lozenges or gum, have been presented, but with some adverse effects. Thus, application of VC as a new-anti-smoking product is very challenging. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;The aims of this study were to compare the active compounds; total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and nicotine, and study antioxidant activity on scavenging 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) and 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrzayl (DPPH) radicals of extracts prepared by spray drying (SD) and freeze drying (FD) techniques for pilot hard candy. &lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Raw VC materials of mixed parts, i.e., the stem, flowers and leaves, were made to form extracts by FD and SD techniques. Then, extract from the SD technique was manufactured industrially into hard candy containing glucose syrup and refined glucose. Total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids, nicotine, scavenging activity of extracts, VC hard candy and placebo candy were evaluated by folin-ciocalteau reagent, aluminum chloride colorimetric assay, high-performance liquid chromatography, ABTS cation decolorization and DPPH protocols.&lt;strong&gt; Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Total phenolic compounds were significantly different between extracts, but total flavonoids and nicotine were slightly higher in SD extract. Antioxidant activity of both extracts on ABTS radicals was not significantly different, but the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) on DPPH radicals was significantly higher in SD extract when compared to the FD extract. Finally, total phenolic compounds, total flavonoids and nicotine, as well as scavenging activity could be detected in hard candy. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;VC can be used as an anti-smoking aid with nicotine replacement and anti-oxidant compounds in pilot hard candy.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">35</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rungtiwa Kanthain&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Supawatchara Singhatong&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapol Natakankitkul&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Nathupakorn Dechsupa&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Jirakrit Leelarungrayub&lt;sup&gt;5,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Movement and Exercise Sciences, Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Clinical Chemistry, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiologic Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vasanth MP</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">KG Purushotham</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Screening of Phytochemical Analysis and In vitro Bioactive of Polyherbal Formulation</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antimicrobial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FTIR</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HR-LCMS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phyto chemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2020</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2020</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">12</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1525-1533</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Plants have the capability to synthesize various forms of phytochemical compounds as secondary metabolites. &lt;strong&gt;Method: &lt;/strong&gt;In the present investigation phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, proteins, saponins, flavanoids, phenols, terpenoids and phytosterols were detected in polyherbal formulation &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos, G. glabra and R. centrifolia. &lt;/em&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The Total flavonoid, steroids, alkaloids and phenolic content was observed from fruit, root and pettles1.40mg QE/g DE, 12.14mg BE/g DE, 14.40mg AE/g DE and 99.33mg GAE/g DE. FTIR spectrum of the polyherbal sample revealed 5 major peaks at 2919.40 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, 2357.62 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, 1150.56 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;, 1076.22 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; and 1015.64 cm&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;. The antibacterial activity was maximum zone of inhibition (19 mm) was recorded in S. aureus strain and minimum zone of inhibition (5mm) was observed in S.mutans strain. The antioxidant study maximum and minimum scavenging DPPH, NOR, H2O2 and SOD activities (%) of 62.28, 53.68, 39.67 &amp;amp; 43.98 at 5 mg/ml and 39.88, 36.49, 5.9 and 34.94 at 1mg/ml was recorded. The polyherbal sample exhibited significant albumin denaturation, proteinase inhibitory, membrane stabilization and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities as the maximum inhibition of 46.53%, 36.7%, 51.9% and 64.71% was observed at 500 μg/ml. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Hence the present studies indicate good antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities from the medicinal plants, &lt;em&gt;A. marmelos, G. glabra and R. centrefolia &lt;/em&gt;proves the possibility of its utilization as an additional potent source medicinal uses.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1525</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vasanth MP, KG Purushotham* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Dr. M.G.R EDUCATIONAL AND RESEARCH INSTITUTE, Chennai-600095, Tamilnadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nagarajan Keerthiga</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roy Anitha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S Rajeshkumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Thangavelu Lakshmi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Cumin Oil Mediated Silver Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">AgNP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biosynthesis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cumin oil</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">787-789</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the study was to employ cumin oil in the synthesis of silver nanoparticles and check the antioxidant activity of the cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles. &lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The introduction of Nanoparticles (NPs) has revolutionized every field including medicine, nutrition and energy. The use of nanotechnology in medicine especially for drug delivery is shown to have various benefits. Nanoparticles are being used to reduce toxicity and side effects that drugs may impose to the patient. Cumin (&lt;em&gt;Cuminum cyminum&lt;/em&gt;) is a common spice used for its distinct aromatic effect. Plant mediated biological synthesis of nanoparticles has been gaining importance due to its simplicity and eco friendliness. This study therefore was aimed to synthesize cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles and assess its antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Cumin oil mediated silver nanoparticles were initially synthesised and characterised by UV-Visible spectrophotometer and TEM. Further the cumin oil mediated AgNPs were subjected to DPPH assay to determine the antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Cumin oil mediated AgNPs were biosynthesised with ease and showed good antioxidant activity compared to standard. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study conclude that cumin seed oil mediated silver nanoparticles have the potential to be used as an effective antioxidant. Hence, it may be employed in large scale production and may be used in many medicinal applications where there is a need for antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Research Study</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">787</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Nagarajan Keerthiga, Roy Anitha*, S Rajeshkumar, Thangavelu Lakshmi &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Karmika Indarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elsa Fitria Apriani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Agung Eru Wibowo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Partomuan Simanjuntak</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of Ethanolic Extract and Various Fractions from Green Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethyl acetate fraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Green tea leaves</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">771-776</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Free radicals are one of the causes that can cause premature aging and degenerative disease. To overcome this problem, the body needs antioxidant intake. Green tea (&lt;em&gt;Camellia sinensis&lt;/em&gt; L.) leaves are one of the plants known as antioxidant agent due to its flavonoids and phenolic compounds or better known as catechin compounds. Catechin is polar flavonoid compounds so it is necessary to separate it from non-polar compounds so their antioxidant activity becomes effective. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to determine antioxidant activity of ethanolic extract of green tea leaves and its fractions namely ethyl acetate and water fraction, and measure the total flavonoid content, total phenolic content and catechin content. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Green tea leaves extracted using maceration method with 96% ethanol. Fractionation was conducted using liquid-liquid extraction using a solvent of n-hexane, ethyl acetate and water. Screening of flavonoid and phenolic and antioxidant activity was performed against the ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction. Antioxidant activity was determined by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl method using ultravioletvisible spectrophotometry with ascorbic acid as standard.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction contains flavonoids and phenolic compounds. The IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction were 9.017; 3.926 and 7.408 μg/mL consecutively. The ethyl acetate fraction also showed better antioxidant activity than ascorbic acid (4.855 μg/mL). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract, ethyl acetate fraction and water fraction showed very powerful antioxidant activity but ethyl acetate fraction has the best antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">771</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Karmika Indarti&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elsa Fitria Apriani&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Agung Eru Wibowo&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Partomuan Simanjuntak&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Magister of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pancasila University, Jakarta, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sriwijaya University, South Sumatra, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Center for Pharmaceutical and Medical Technology, Agency for the Assessmenet and Application of Technology (BPPT) Puspiptek Serpong, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enrique Javier Aguilar-Felices</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marta Romero-Viacava</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Edwin Enciso-Roca</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oscar Herrera-Calderon</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pablo Común-Ventura</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Ángel Yuli-Posadas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luz Chacaltana-Ramos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bertha Pari-Olarte</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity of the Germinated Seed of Four Varieties of Amaranthus Caudatus L. from Peru</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amaranthus caudatus L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Germinated seeds</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolics</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">588-593</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study was to determine the antioxidant activity of four varieties of germinated seeds of Centenario, Cristalino, Oscar Blanco and Taray of &lt;em&gt;Amaranthus caudatus&lt;/em&gt; L. compared to non-germinated seeds. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The determination of total phenols was carried out by using Folin-Ciocalteu, total flavonoids by the method of aluminum chloride and the antioxidant activity by the methods of DPPH, ABTS and FRAP. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Cristalino variety had the highest germination (3.0 cm of height) and all varieties had a 50% germination rate. Cristalino and Taray varieties had the highest content of total phenolics (GAE 32.92 and 35.00 mg/g sample), Cristalino variety had higher content of flavonoids (580.95 mg QE/g) (P &amp;lt; 0.05); Cristalino and Taray varieties showed greater scavenging activity of DPPH radical (151.85 and 151.38 mg TE/g sample), ABTS (178.09 and 180.18 mg TE/g sample); and reducing capacity of the ferric ion (FRAP) (132.75 and 136.42 mg TE/g of sample). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Sprouts of Cristalino and Taray varieties had higher antioxidant activity than non-germinated seeds and they are directly related to higher content of total phenols and flavonoids.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">588</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Enrique Javier Aguilar- Felices&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Marta Romero- Viacava&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Edwin Enciso-Roca&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Oscar Herrera-Calderon&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;*, Pablo Común-Ventura&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Yuli-Posadas&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Luz Chacaltana-Ramos&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Bertha Pari-Olarte&lt;sup&gt;5 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Botany, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Universidad Nacional San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Traditional Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Universidad Continental, Huancayo, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga, Ica, PERU.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferdjioui Siham</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Belhattab Rachid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raed M Al-Zoubi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemical Composition and Antioxidant Effect of Mentha rotundifolia Extracts</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Extraction</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LC-MS/MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mentha rotundifolia</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">May 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">521-526</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This report was aimed to investigate both the chemical composition and the antioxidant activity of two extracts from &lt;em&gt;Mentha rotundifolia&lt;/em&gt; aerial parts. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Aqueous and acetonic extracts were obtained by decoction and Soxhlet apparatus, respectively. Total polyphenols contents were determined using Folin- Ciocalteu reagent whereas flavonoids were evaluated by AlCl&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; method. LC-MS/MS method was carried out to reveal the phytochemical composition of extracts. Some tests were used to evaluate the &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity of extracts such as DPPH free radical scavenging assay, ABTS&lt;sup&gt;+&lt;/sup&gt; radical cation decolorization assay, OH&lt;sup&gt;•&lt;/sup&gt; radical scavenging assay, ferrous ion chelating, reducing power and β-caroten/linoleic acid bleaching assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the aqueous extract was richer on polyphenols and flavonoids comparing to the acetonic extract. The analysis by LC-MS/MS allowed to identify many phenolic compounds in extracts, predominated by rosmarinic acid. In addition, the extracts were found to possess a significant antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Accordingly, it can be concluded that &lt;em&gt;M. rotundifolia&lt;/em&gt; is quite rich in phenolic compounds and has a good antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">521</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ferdjioui Siham&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Belhattab Rachid&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Raed M Al-Zoubi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology University Ferhat Abbas Setif-1,19000 Setif, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Applied Microbiology University Ferhat Abbas Setif-1,19000 Setif, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry. Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JORDAN.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vanessa de Andrade Royo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Juliana Almeida Rocha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kamylla Teixeira Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jeane Ferreira Leal Freitas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Clarice Avelar Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bianca Ribeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Elytania Veiga Menezes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dario Alves de Oliveira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Murilo Malveira Brandão</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Afranio Farias de Melo Júnior</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Studies Between Mauritia flexuosa and Mauritiella armata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arecaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32-36</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;Mauritia flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Mauritiella armata&lt;/em&gt; belong to the family Arecaceae and are widely found in Brazil. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; In this work were evaluated: the phytochemical profile of the secretion popularly known as &lt;em&gt;M. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt; wine, antioxidant activity of leaf, root and petiole hydroethanolic extracts of the two species, as well as the quantification of flavonoids and the chromatographic profile by means of high performance liquid chromatography. &lt;strong&gt;Material and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The chromatographic profile was determined by high performance liquid chromatography, quantification of flavonoids and antioxidant activity, were performed by spectrophotometric method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity and presence of flavonoids were observed in the extracts of all the analyzed structures of the two species. The phytochemical profile of the wine evidenced the presence of secondary metabolites reported in other structures of &lt;em&gt;M. flexuosa&lt;/em&gt;. In the chromatographic analysis, it was observed that the extracts evaluated have between three and nine compounds.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Further studies should be performed to identify the active compounds in the two species.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">32</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Vanessa de Andrade Royo&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Juliana Almeida Rocha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Kamylla Teixeira Santos&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Jeane Ferreira Leal Freitas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Clarice Avelar Almeida&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Bianca Ribeiro&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Elytania Veiga Menezes&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Dario Alves de Oliveira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Murilo Malveira Brandão&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Afranio Farias de Melo Júnior&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Natural Products, State University of Montes Claros, Avenida Dr. Ruy Braga, S/N - Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089, Montes Claros - MG, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Bioporpection and Genetic Resources, State University of Montes Claros, Avenida Dr. Ruy Braga, S/N - Vila Mauriceia, 39401-089, Montes Claros - MG, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mfengwana Polo-Ma-Abiele H</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mashele Samson S</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manduna Idah T</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">In vitro Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Senecio asperulus and Gunnera perpensa from Mohale's Hoek, Lesotho</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gunnera perpensa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Medicinal plants</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Senecio asperulus</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">730-739</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Traditional medicinal plants have been widely used to treat or manage various ailments for centuries in Lesotho. With an increase in multi drug resistance and undesired adverse events to current drugs challenges, there is a need for alternative drugs. &lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; In this study we aimed at the investigation of antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of &lt;em&gt;Senecio asperulus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Gunnera perpensa&lt;/em&gt; roots extracted in three solvents of different polarities. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Antibacterial activity was determined using the disc diffusion method, while antioxidant activity was determined using free radical scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and the ferric reducing antioxidant power assay. The Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulated RAW 264.7 mouse macrophage &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; model was used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of both plants. Resveratrol was used as a positive control. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Senecio asperulus&lt;/em&gt; inhibited microbial growth even at the lowest concentration of 50 μg/ml. &lt;em&gt;Senecio asperulus &lt;/em&gt;dichloromethane extract was active on most bacteria with MIC’s between 50 μg/ml and 500 μg/ml. However, the water and methanol extracts of &lt;em&gt;Gunnera perpensa&lt;/em&gt; had no activity against all organisms tested. Aqueous extracts of &lt;em&gt;Senecio asperulus&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Gunnera perpensa&lt;/em&gt; showed free radical scavenging activity yielding EC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 100 μg/ml and 25 μg/ml, respectively. The aqueous extracts of &lt;em&gt;Senecio asperulus&lt;/em&gt; showed moderate anti-inflammatory activity from 50 to 200 μg/ml. while the methanol extract was at 200 μg/ml and with no cytotoxicity. No anti-inflammatory activity was observed from all&lt;em&gt; Gunnera perpensa&lt;/em&gt; extracts using LPS-induced macrophages, this suggests that this species may be using other mechanisms for anti-inflammatory activity. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;The antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities observed from water extracts of &lt;em&gt;Senecio asperulus&lt;/em&gt; support its ethnomedicinal use for the management of inflammation related diseases.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">730</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mfengwana Polo-Ma-Abiele H&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Mashele Samson S&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Manduna Idah T&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Health Sciences, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Unit for Drug Discovery Research, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Centre for Applied Food Security and Biotechnology, Central University of Technology, Free State, Private Bag X20539, Bloemfontein, 9300, SOUTH AFRICA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Galuh Widiyarti</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Winda Fitrianingsih</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Constituents and Free Radical Scavenging Activity of Madang Gatal (Schima wallichii) Choisy Stem Bark</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13-hydroxy methyl ester</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">14-methyl-</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pentadecanoic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Schima wallichii stem bark</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395-399</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Madang gatal (&lt;em&gt;Schima wallichii&lt;/em&gt;) Choisy is one of typical Indonesian plants that used traditionally as insomnia and hypertension drug. &lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The environment is highly polluted by free radicals which may contribute to the aging process of tissue and cause chronic diseases. The aims of the research were to study the phytochemical constituents and free radical scavenging activity of &lt;em&gt;Schima wallichii&lt;/em&gt; stem bark. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction of &lt;em&gt;S.wallichii&lt;/em&gt; stem bark was carried out by maceration method using methanol and then the methanol extract was partitioned using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol successively. The methanol extract was then screened to determine the presence of different classes of secondary metabolites. The ethyl acetate fraction was subjected to silica column chromatography followed by exclusion chromatography on sephadex LH-20 to yield two partially purified isolates, SA and SE4. FTIR and GC-MS analyses indicated SA asa mixture of&lt;em&gt; pentadecanoic acid&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;14-methyl-, methyl esterand&lt;/em&gt; patchouli alcohol, while SE4 was made up predominantly of &lt;em&gt;pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, 13-hydroxy methyl ester&lt;/em&gt;. Free radical scavenging activity was performed by using2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical oxidation method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The phytochemical screening indicated the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, terpenes and quinones. All tested samples, methanol, n-hexane, ethyl acetate and butanol extracts showed strong antioxidant activity with IC50 values of 8.58, 17.36, 8.17 and 8.79 μg/mL, respectively. The isolates showed strong antioxidant activity with SE4 exhibiting an IC50 value of about 5.5 times stronger than quercetin used as a standard antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">395</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;!-- x-tinymce/html --&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Galuh Widiyarti&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;* Winda Fitrianingsih&lt;sup&gt;2 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Research Center for Chemistry, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI), Kawasan PUSPIPTEK Serpong, Tangerang Selatan, Banten 15314, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Chemistry, Mathematics and Natural Science Faculty, University of Jendral Soedirman, Purwokerto, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oukacha Amri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abderrahmane Zekhnini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdellah Bouhaimi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saida Tahrouch</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdelhakim Hatimi</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-inflammatory Activity of Methanolic Extract from Pistacia atlantica Desf. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plantar edema</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">TLC</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/369</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71-76</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The extracts of the &lt;em&gt;Pistacia&lt;/em&gt; species are known for their anti-inflammatory activity, including fruits and oil of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica.&lt;/em&gt; However, the inflammatory effect of the methanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica&lt;/em&gt; leaves has not been studied. This work aimed at assessing the antiinflammatory and antioxidant activities of &lt;em&gt;P.&amp;nbsp;atlantica&lt;/em&gt; leaves extract in relation to phytochemical studies of flavonoids. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract was obtained using sonication of leaves powder in 80 % methanol. The analysis of phenolic compounds was carried out using thin-layer chromatography (TLC). The antioxidant activity was evaluated using DPPH, ABTS and FRAP assays. The anti-inflammatory activity was determined by the reduction of carrageenaninduced hind paw edema in mice. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The TLC revealed 3 glycosylated flavonoids and gallic acid derivatives. The flavonoids identified corresponded to rutin, quercetrin and other heterosides of quercetin, kaempferol and myricetin. Total phenolics and flavonoids contents were comparable for the male and female trees. The antioxidant activity did not show a significative difference between the two sexes, except for that evaluated by the FRAP assay which was significantly greater for the male tree leaves extract. The leaves extract permitted significative reduction of the edema at h3 and 6 in a dose-dependent manner (100 and 250 mg/kg), while diclofenac used as control reduced the edema at h 1.5. This difference could be explained by the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic properties of diclofenac and &lt;em&gt;P. atlantica &lt;/em&gt;leaves compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;P. atlantica&lt;/em&gt; has a strong anti-inflammatory activity and constitutes a potential source for the development of new treatments.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">71</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oukacha Amri&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abderrahmane Zekhnini&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Abdellah Bouhaimi&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Saida Tahrouch&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdelhakim Hatimi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire de Biotechnologies V&amp;eacute;g&amp;eacute;tales, Facult&amp;eacute; des Sciences, 80 000 Agadir, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratoire des Syst&amp;egrave;mes Aquatiques, Facult&amp;eacute; des Sciences, 80 000 Agadir, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ladachart Taepongsorat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Surapong Rattana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activities of Ethanolic and Aqueous Extracts of Asparagus racemosus Roots</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Asparagus racemosus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compound</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1129-1132</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt; (AR) is commonly known as shatavari, satawar or satmuli in India and in Thailand it is call sam-sib or rak-sam-sib. The dried root of AR is used in Ayurveda as an antiulcerous and antiinflammatory and has medicinal/pharmacological value. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To investigate the antioxidant activities of &lt;em&gt;Asparagus racemosus&lt;/em&gt; root extracts via total phenolic and total flavonoid contents of ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Methods: Antioxidant capacity measurements were carried out by DPPH, ABTS and FRAP methods. Total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the aluminum chloride colorimetric method, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanolic extract possessed higher antioxidant capacities than the aqueous extract in the three antioxidant assays (&lt;em&gt;p&lt;/em&gt;&amp;lt;0.05).These results have shown high phenolic and flavonoid contents. The ethanolic extract of AR root possessed higher amounts of phenolic and flavonoid contents than the aqueous extract.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant capacity of the ethanolic extract was higher than that in the aqueous extract.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1129</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ladachart Taepongsorat&lt;sup&gt;1,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Surapong Rattana&lt;sup&gt;2, 3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Division of Science Education, Faculty of Education, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom 48000, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lok Ranjan Bhatt</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bina Wagle</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Minu Adhikari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Santoshi Bhusal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anjana Giri</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shandesh Bhattarai</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Content of Berberis aristata DC. and Berberis thomsoniana C.K. Schneid. from Sagarmatha National Park, Nepal</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berberis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nepal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s167-s171</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Medicinal plants are the major sources of the crude drugs and natural antioxidants. &lt;em&gt;Berberis&lt;/em&gt; species have been used in the treatment of various ailments around the world including Nepal. However, systematic study on phytochemistry and pharmacology of&lt;em&gt; Berberis&lt;/em&gt; species from Nepal is lacking. &lt;strong&gt;Objectives:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of &lt;em&gt;Berberis&lt;/em&gt; aristata and &lt;em&gt;Berberis thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; from Sagarmatha National Park. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity was measured through 2, 2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl assay. Total phenolic and flavonoid content were estimated using Folin&amp;ndash;Ciocalteau and aluminum chloride method respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples showed dose-dependent radical scavenging activity. Radical scavenging activity of the methanolic extracts of different parts of &lt;em&gt;B. aristata&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; ranged from 19.38 to 98.47%, with leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; showing the strongest activity. The total phenolic content of the samples varied from 11.04 to 65.30 mg GAE g&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; dry weight whereas total flavonoid content was in between 2.4 to 16.46 mg quercetin/g dry weight. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Among the tested samples, leaf extracts of &lt;em&gt;B. thomsoniana&lt;/em&gt; showed the strongest antioxidant activity and contained the highest amount of total phenolic and flavonoid content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s167</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Lok Ranjan Bhatt*, Bina Wagle, Minu Adhikari, Santoshi Bhusal, Anjana Giri, Shandesh Bhattarai &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Biological Resources unit, Faculty of Science, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology, Khumaltar, Lalitpur, NEPAL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Flaviana Alves dos Santos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo Rêgo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Marina Ferraz Cordeiro</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patrícia Danielle Oliveira de Almeida</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leoneide Érica Maduro Bouillet</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">José Guilherme Soares Maia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosa Helena Veras Mourão</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Capacity and Cytotoxicity of the Aqueous Extract of Myrcia guianensis (Aubl.) DC</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Myrtaceae</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oxidative stress</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pedra-ume-caá</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic compounds</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s135-s140</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Ethnobotanical studies report that &lt;em&gt;Myrcia guianensis&lt;/em&gt; (Myrtaceae), belonging to a group of plants known as pedr&amp;aacute;-ume-ca&amp;aacute; or insulin plant, is used as a tea to treat various diseases, including diabetes, a metabolic disorder that leads to the constant production of free radicals. The objective of this work was to determine the antioxidant capacity and the cytotoxicity of the AEMg. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The content of phenolic compounds in AEMg was determined by colorimetric assays. &lt;em&gt;In vitro&lt;/em&gt; tests of the antioxidant capacity of AEMg, in the sequestration of DPPH radicals, in &amp;beta;-carotene bleaching, in the FRAP, as well as in human fibroblast cells of the MRC-5 lineage, were performed. The cytotoxic activity of AEMg was evaluated in assays with eukaryotic cells from yeast &lt;em&gt;Saccharomyces cerevisiae&lt;/em&gt; and in PBMC. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results showed that the AEMg is rich in phenolic compounds, presenting high antioxidant potential in all the tests carried out, including in human fibroblast cells of the MRC-5 lineage, besides not being toxic to eukaryotic cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: The AEMg, rich in antioxidant compounds and no toxicity, can be used as source of natural antioxidant in the treatment of metabolic diseases to combat free radicals.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s135</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Regiane Sablina Almeida Bernardes&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sandra Layse Ferreira Sarrazin&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Flaviana Alves dos Santos&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Moacyr Jesus Barreto de Melo R&amp;ecirc;go&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Maira Galdino da Rocha Pitta&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Marina Ferraz Cordeiro&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;, Patr&amp;iacute;cia Danielle Oliveira de Almeida&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;, Ricardo Bezerra de Oliveira&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Leoneide &amp;Eacute;rica Maduro Bouillet&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Jos&amp;eacute; Guilherme Soares Maia&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosa Helena Veras Mour&amp;atilde;o&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia da Amaz&amp;ocirc;nia Legal (Bionorte), Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 60077-000 Manaus, AM, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 2&lt;/sup&gt;Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Bioprospec&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o e Biologia Experimental, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par&amp;aacute;, 68135-110 Santar&amp;eacute;m, PA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Programa de P&amp;oacute;s-Gradua&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o em Recursos Naturais da Amaz&amp;ocirc;nia, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Par&amp;aacute;, 68135-110 Santar&amp;eacute;m, PA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt; 4&lt;/sup&gt;N&amp;uacute;cleo de Pesquisa para Inova&amp;ccedil;&amp;atilde;o Terap&amp;ecirc;utica Suely Galdino, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670- 901 Recife, PE, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Universidade Federal do Vale do S&amp;atilde;o Francisco, Colegiado de Medicina, Campus Paulo Afonso, 48607-190, BA, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;6&lt;/sup&gt;Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Laborat&amp;oacute;rio de Atividade Biol&amp;oacute;gica, 60077-000 Manaus, AM, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwatosin Debbie Imiere</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwatosin Adeyonu</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Israel Olayide</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Adewale Fadaka</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidative Properties of Blighia sapida K.D. Koenig Stem Bark Extract and Inhibitory Effects on Carbohydrate Hydrolyzing Enzymes Associated with Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antidiabetic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Blighia sapida K D Koenig</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-amylase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">α-glucosidase</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/494</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">376-383</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background and Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; In Africa, the fruit, seed, leaf, and stem of &lt;em&gt;Blighia sapida&lt;/em&gt; K.D. Koenig are used as remedy for a range of diseases. This study characterized the phytochemicals, assessed the antioxidant and inhibitory properties of the stem bark of &lt;em&gt;Blighia sapida&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Samples were consecutively extracted using ethanol solvent and investigated for phenol content, DPPH radical scavenging abilities, iron chelation, reducing power, &amp;alpha;-amylase and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase activities as markers of &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; anti-diabetic activities. Phytochemicals were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract had radical scavenging capabilities, iron chelation and reducing power. Furthermore, the results reveal the extract had considerably high &amp;alpha;-glucosidase and &amp;alpha;- amylase inhibitory activities as the concentration increases with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 4.17 &amp;plusmn; 0.24 mg/mL and 5.30 &amp;plusmn; 1.25 mg/mL, respectively. Enzyme kinetic studies indicated that the extract displayed uncompetitive inhibitor for &amp;alpha;-glucosidase and was a competitive inhibitor of &amp;alpha;-amylase. The ethanolic extract is rich in several aromatic phenolic compounds and long chain aliphatic acids. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results reveal the bark possessed antioxidant as well as &amp;alpha; -glucosidase and &amp;alpha; -amylase inhibitory activities.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">376</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo*, Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye, Oluwatosin Debbie Imiere, Oluwatosin Adeyonu, Israel Olayide, Adewale Fadaka &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Phytomedicine, Biochemical Toxicology and Diabetes Research Laboratories, Department of Biochemistry, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arini Wulansari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase Inhibitory and Antioxidant Activities of Caesalpinia coriaria (Jacq.) Willd. Bark Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arginase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. coriaria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemicalscreening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1174-1179</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of this study was to investigate the arginase inhibitory and the antioxidant activities of the bark extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia coriaria&lt;/em&gt; (Jacq.) Willd. (Dewi tree). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The bark of Dewi tree was extracted successively under reflux condition with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Each extract was tested for its activity in inhibiting arginase activity by measuring the quantity of urea produced in the reaction mixture using a microplate reader. The active extracts were determined for their total flavonoid content followed by antioxidant activity by 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) method using ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry with ascorbic acid as standard. Phytochemical screening was conducted to determine the presence of alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids, tannins, and steroids. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Arginase inhibitory activity test showed that the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts have average inhibition values of 14.43 and 33.59%, respectively, at concentration of 100 &amp;mu;g/mL. The total flavonoid content of the methanol and ethyl acetate extract were 7.75 and 6.30 mgQE/g sample, respectively. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts showed antioxidant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; values of 4.720 and 3.647 &amp;mu;g/mL, respectively. The ethyl acetate extract contained flavonoid, tannin, saponin, and steroid, while the methanol extract contained flavonoid, tannin, and saponin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; In conclusion, &lt;em&gt;C. coriaria&lt;/em&gt; bark extracts possessed low arginase inhibitory activity. The methanol and ethyl acetate extracts have good antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1174</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arini Wulansari, Berna Elya*, Arikadia Noviani &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424 West Java, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkasim Kabiru Yunusa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zalilawati Mat Rashid</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nashriyah Mat</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Che Abdullah Abu Bakar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Manaf Ali</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chemicals and Bioactivity Discrimination of Syconia of Seven Varieties of Ficus deltoidea Jack via ATR-IR Spectroscopic-Based Metabolomics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacog Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Orthogonal Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Principal Component Analysis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s147-s151</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt; Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; is one of the common Malaysian medicinal plants and currently commercialized as raw ingredients in some local food products. However, those products do not discriminate the varieties of &lt;em&gt;Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; used. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; FTIR-based metabolomics coupled with chemometric technique was applied to discriminate chemical components in ethanolic extracts of syconia of seven varieties of &lt;em&gt;Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; namely; var. &lt;em&gt;deltoidea&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;trengganuensis&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;kunstleri&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;angustifolia&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;bilobata&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;intermedia&lt;/em&gt; and var. &lt;em&gt;motleyana&lt;/em&gt;. Unsupervised multivariate data analysis (MVDA) including principal component analysis (PCA) was used as to evaluate chemical variability among the seven varieties. For discrimination, orthogonal partial least square discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) was applied, while partial least square (PLS) was used to evaluate the relationship between the alpha-glucosidase inhibition, antioxidant activity and&lt;em&gt; Ficus deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; varieties. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; As a result, OPLS-DA successfully discriminated the seven varieties. The FTIR fingerprints which were responsible for the discrimination includes 1729, 1705, 1448, 1095, 453, 443 cm-1. In addition, PPLS model demonstrated the correlation between var. &lt;em&gt;kunstleri&lt;/em&gt;, var. &lt;em&gt;deltoidea&lt;/em&gt; and var. intermedia respective chemicals fingerprints and their bioactivity (DPPH, FRAP and &amp;alpha;-glucosidase inhibition). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The findings revealed that FTIR spectroscopy, in combination with MVDA, can be used for structural functional discrimination in relation to the sample bioactivity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6s</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">s147</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Alkasim Kabiru Yunusa&lt;sup&gt;1,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Zalilawati Mat Rashid&lt;sup&gt;*1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nashriyah Mat&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Che Abdullah Abu Bakar&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Abdul Manaf Ali&lt;sup&gt;1,2,3 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Bioresources and Food Industry, Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Agricultural Production and Food Innovation (AGROPOLIS), Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Besut Campus, 22200 Besut, Terengganu, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Medicine Research Centre, Universiti Islam Malaysia, 63000 Cyberjaya, Selangor, MALAYSIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Food Science and Technology, Kano University of Science and Technology Wudil, Kano State NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ratikorn Chatchanayuenyong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Patcharawan Sujayanont</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Auranut Vuttivirojana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effects of Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.) de Wit Leaves Extracts in Culture of Human Umbilical Vein Cells</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">De Wit</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Leucaena leucocephala (Lam.)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nitric oxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Superoxide dismutase</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vascular endothelial.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/411</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148-153</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Oxidative stress can induce vascular endothelial dysfunction in diabetic and hyperlipidemia patients. &lt;em&gt;Leucaena leucocephala&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) de Wit has been reported of possessing antioxidant, antidiabetic and anticholiesterase activity; as well as the toxic substance called mimosine. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; To determine antioxidant effects of&lt;em&gt; Leucaena leucocephala&lt;/em&gt; (Lam.) de Wit Leave extracts in oxidative stress induced vascular endothelial function. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; Leave extracts were determined for antioxidant activity. Either or both of oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL) and glucose were applied to induce oxidative stress condition in human umbilical vein cultured (HUVCs) to observe superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, nitric oxide (NO) level and morphological changes. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Total polyphenol and flavonoid were 51.04 &amp;plusmn; 0.91 mg GAE/g and 0.13 &amp;plusmn; 0.01 mg catechin/g of dried weight (DW), respectively. Free radical reduction efficiency of crude extract observed by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 329.6 &amp;mu;g of vitamin C equivalent/mg of extracts. Frap value was showed 428.54 &amp;plusmn; 15.32 mM FeII equivalent/g of DW. The result observing in HUVCs showed that comparing to the control, SOD activity, NO and MDA level were maintained in 0.05 mg/mL of &lt;em&gt;L. leucocephala &lt;/em&gt;treated group, but NO and MDA level were lowered when comparing with oxLDL and glucose-induced oxidative stress. No change was observed in 0.05 mg/mL of &lt;em&gt;L. leucocephala&lt;/em&gt; treated group, comparing with control group. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This study has been performed to exhibit the antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;L. leucocephala&lt;/em&gt; in endothelium functions and has been found to have an appropriate concentration at 0.05 mg/mL in reducing oxidative stress condition in impaired fasting blood glucose patients. Nevertheless, the optimal level for toxic activity in inhibition of cancer angiogenesis should be further investigated.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ratikorn Chatchanayuenyong&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;*, Patcharawan Sujayanont&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Auranut Vuttivirojana&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Biomedical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Mahasarakham University, Mahasarakham, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Imane Chamkhi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Laila Sbabou</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jamal Aurag</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endophytic Fungi Isolated from Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) as a Source of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Crocus sativus L.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endophytic fungi</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ITS rDNA</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Secondary metabolites</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143-1148</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Endophytic fungi are becoming an important source of new natural bioactive products. Many interesting endophytic fungi have been isolated from traditional medicinal plants. &lt;em&gt;Crocus sativus&lt;/em&gt; L. (saffron) is one of the most expensive and rarest spices in the world, used as a dye, aroma and for medicinal purposes. This study reports on the molecular characterization of endophytic fungi isolated from roots of saffron plants growing in Taliouine- Morocco, and the examination of the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of secondary metabolites extracted from these endophytes. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; The fungi were isolated from sterilized saffron root fragments and identified using internal transcribed spacer (ITS) rRNA gene sequence analysis. Three endophytes were fermented and extracted with ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and chloroform (CHCl3). The antibacterial activity of fungi extracts was evaluated using the Agar Diffusion Method against six strains,&lt;em&gt; Bacillus&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;sp&lt;/em&gt;., &lt;em&gt;Stenotrophomonas sp., Pseudomonas putida, Pantoea sp., Luteibacter sp.&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Escherichia coli&lt;/em&gt;. The antioxidant activity was tested by using the &amp;alpha;,&amp;alpha;-diphenyl-&amp;beta;-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) analysis and &amp;beta;-Carotene bleaching test (BCBT) methods. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Sixty fungal isolates were recovered and purified from saffron roots. ITS rDNA sequences were 99-100% identical to three different species: Rhizopus oryzae, Aspergillus fumigatiaffinis and &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus niger. &lt;/em&gt;Both &lt;em&gt;Rhizopus oryzae&lt;/em&gt; extracts had high antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria tested, while &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus niger and Rhizopus oryzae&lt;/em&gt; extracts showed an antioxidant capacity using DPPH and BCBT methods, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The fungal endophytes inhabiting saffron roots could be a potential source of natural plant bioactive secondary metabolites especially for antibacterial and antioxidant purposes.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1143</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Imane Chamkhi*, Laila Sbabou, Jamal Aurag&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Microbiology and Molecular Biology Team, Center of Plant and Microbial Biotechnology, Biodiversity and Environment. Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, MOROCCO.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tomayo Ireti Berida</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Spondias purpurea L (Anacardiaceae)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Spondias purpurea</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total flavonoids</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Total Phenols</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">August 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">941-945</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; There are ongoing efforts to identify the chemical composition of plants used as food or medicines in other to correlate their components with the numerous claims of their medicinal usefulness in folklore. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This work is aimed at profiling the phytochemical composition of &lt;em&gt;Spondias purpurea&lt;/em&gt; using GC-MS, as well as to determine the total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and the antioxidant capacity by DPPH radical scavenging assay.&lt;strong&gt; Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Whole fruit and stem bark of &lt;em&gt;Spondias purpurea&lt;/em&gt; were collected, dried, extracted with methanol and concentrated in vacou before assessing them for their total phenolic content by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s phenol reagent method; total flavonoid content and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities. The whole fruit and stem bark extracts were partitioned into n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions. The n-hexane fraction of the stem bark and whole fruit were analyzed on GC-MS. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The stem bark had the highest phenolic content of 29.81&amp;plusmn; 1.18 GAE mg/g. Similarly, free radical scavenging activities assay showed the stem bark to be most active with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 6.20 &amp;plusmn; 1.51&amp;mu;g/ml, better than the standard, ascorbic acid with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of 11.51 &amp;plusmn; 0.3&amp;mu;g/ml. The n-hexane partitioned fractions of the fruit and stem bark on GC-MS analysis showed 9 prominent compounds including 9,17-Octadecadienal (5.43%), 3-((4Z,7Z)-Heptadeca-4,7-dien-1-yl) phenol(12%), (Z)-3-(Heptadec-10-en-1-yl) phenol (11.76%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (7.07%) and 13 compounds including 9,17-Octadecadienal (20.51%),trans-13-Octadecenoic acid (12.61%), Pentadecanoic acid (8.3%), n-Hexadecanoic acid(15.24%). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; This study provides justification for some of the folkloric use of &lt;em&gt;Spondias purpurea.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">941</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Taiwo Olayemi Elufioye*, Tomayo Ireti Berida&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, NIGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Parichat Phalanisong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanit Vichitphan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jaehong Han</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sukanda Vichitphan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High Antioxidant and Phenolic Contents Related to Antibacterial Activity against Gastrointestinal Pathogenic Bacteria of Some Thai Medicinal Plants</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Caesalpinia sappan</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Scanning electron microscope</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">January 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/488</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341-348</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Thai medicinal plants were used as the traditional medicines and as part of everyday plants diet. Plants contain a mixture of phytochemical and exhibit a lot of functional food and medicinal properties. This project aims to investigate the potential of selected Thai medicinal plants according to the properties of their antioxidant and antibacterial activities. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The eighteen plants were extracted using maceration method with 95% ethanol. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH and FRAP assay. The total phenolic content was evaluated by Folin-Ciocalteu phenol reagent. The antibacterial activity was evaluated by agar disc diffusion method. The extract which exhibited high antioxidant and antibacterial activity was selected to observe morphological changes by the scanning electron microscope (SEM). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract of &lt;em&gt;Caesalpinia sappan&lt;/em&gt; showed the highest activities on both antioxidant assayed by FRAP method and total phenolic contents, however, exhibited high antioxidant assayed by DPPH compared to &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia strychnifolia&lt;/em&gt; extract. Moreover, the extract of &lt;em&gt;C. sappan&lt;/em&gt; showed the excellent antibacterial activities against six pathogenic bacteria in Gastro-intestinal tract. The morphological change by SEM was selected for further investigation antibacterial activities of &lt;em&gt;C. sappan&lt;/em&gt; extract. The results showed that the inhibitory effect to those bacterial strains could be caused by the disruption of the cell membrane and decrease biofilm formation after treatment with the extract. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The ethanol extract of &lt;em&gt;C. sappan&lt;/em&gt; exhibited strong antioxidant and antibacterial activities against the six pathogenic bacteria. This result suggested that &lt;em&gt;C. sappan&lt;/em&gt; could be applied to use for medicinal purpose and functional products.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">341</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Parichat Phalanisong&lt;sup&gt;1,2,&lt;/sup&gt; Kanit Vichitphan&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;*, Jaehong Han&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Sukanda Vichitphan&lt;sup&gt;2,3&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Graduate School, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Technology, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Fermentation Research Center for Value Added Agricultural Products (FerVAAP), Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong, KOREA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sofiane Ismahene</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Seridi Ratiba</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cortes Martinez Diego Miguel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cabedo Nuria</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Composition and Evaluation of the Antioxidant Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of Calendula suffruticosa subsp. suffruticosa Vahl</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calendula suffruticosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC / MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical composition</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/368</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-70</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Calendula suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; ssp. &lt;em&gt;suffruticosa Vahl&lt;/em&gt;, Medicinal and Aromatic plant, spontaneous and widespread in the Mediterranean region and in the Northeast of Algeria, is widely used by the local population for its medicinal properties. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The chemical composition of the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;Calendula suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; was established for the first time using GC / MS. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was evaluated &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; by the DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) test, the FRAP assay and &amp;beta;-carotene bleaching assay. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; sixty-four compounds are identified by GC/MS analysis, six are predominant: &amp;alpha;-linoleic acid (24.20%), linoleic acid (23.58%), Stigmasterol (8.53%), 2-Metyl-Z-4-tetradecene (6.62%) And &amp;alpha;-Bisabolol (1.70%). The free radical scavenging by DPPH method indicated that the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;C. suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; showed a very high antioxydant activity with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 0.017 &amp;plusmn; 1.00 mg / ml. This extract also showed an ability to reduce very high iron with a maximum optical density of 1.157 at a concentration of 0.5 mg / ml and an antioxidant activity compared to the &amp;beta;-carotene / linoleic acid test of order of 75 &amp;plusmn; 1.02%. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These results show for the first time the richness of phytochemicals and the strong antioxidant activity of the species &lt;em&gt;Calendula suffruticosa&lt;/em&gt; endemic to north-east of Algeria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sofiane Ismahene&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;*, Seridi Ratiba&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Cortes Martinez Diego Miguel&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Cabedo Nuria&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Plant Biology and Environnement &amp;laquo;M&amp;eacute;dicinal Plants&amp;raquo; Axis, Faculty of Sciences University Badji Mokhtar- Annaba. BP 12, 23000 Annaba, ALGERIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacognosy Av. Vicente Andr&amp;eacute;s Estelle s / n 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, SPAIN.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Berna Elya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Basah Katrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rosmalena Sofyan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ryan Adi Chandra</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloid from Phoebe declinata Nees Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Alkaloid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">MCF-7 cell line.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phoebe declinata nees</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/165</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">713-720</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Genus Phoebe have been reported to produce isoquinoline alkaloids as aporphines, noraporphines, and benzylisoquinolines. Many of these isolates exhibit diversified biological activities, including cytotoxic activity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The objective of this study is to determine cytotoxic activity of compound isolated from &lt;em&gt;Phoebe declinata&lt;/em&gt; againts MCF-7 (breast cancer cell line). &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Extraction was done by reflux using n-hexane, antioxidant activity measured by DPPH method and reducing power method, cytotoxic activity measured by MTT assay using MCF-7 cell line, struture eucidation was confirmed by NMR. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activity measured using DPPH method for 1 and 2 showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 6.42 and 11.80 &amp;mu;g/mL respectively and using reducing power method for 1 and 2 showed IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 7.02 and 13.74 &amp;mu;g/mL respectively. Compound (1) and (2) exhibited cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cells with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 82.978 and 93.179 &amp;mu;g/mL. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Compound (1) and (2) exhibited antioxidant activity and cytotoxic activity against MCF-7.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">713</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Berna Elya&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;, Basah Katrin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Roshamur Cahyan Forestrania&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Rosmalena Sofyan&lt;sup&gt;3,&amp;nbsp;&lt;/sup&gt;Ryan Adi Chandra&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok,16424.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Center of Study on Natural Products, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI Depok,16424.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Kampus UI depok, 16424.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supaporn Chunchom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chusri Talubmook</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sirirat Deeseenthum</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant Activity, Biochemical Components and Sub-Chronic Toxicity of Different Brown Rice Kefir Powders</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Biochemical Components</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Brown Rice Kefir Powder</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sub-Chronic Toxicity</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">April 2017 </style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.66</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388-394</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to investigate and compare antioxidant activity, biochemical components and subchronic toxicity of brown rice kefir powder from three different coloured rice varieties; Khao Dawk Mali 105 (KDMLKP, white), Red Hawm (RHKP, red), and Hawm Nil (HNKP, dark purple), with cow milk kefir powder (CMKP). &lt;strong&gt;Medthods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity performed by using ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay and 2, 2&amp;acute;-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. Biochemical components values including gamma-aminobutyric acid and alpha-tocopherol were determined using high performance liquid chromatography, but total phenolic compounds was detemined using the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Sub-chronic toxicity test, KDMLKP, RHKP and HNKP at the doses of 150 mg/kg were given orally to the rats every day for 90 days. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity showed that brown rice kefir powders were significantly (p&amp;le;0.05) higher than cow milk kefir powder. Interestingly, HNKP provided the highest FRAB value and the lowest IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; of DPPH assay. HNKP had also the highest biochemical component values. Repeat administration of KDMLKP, RHKP and HNKP did not produce any symptoms of sub-chronic toxicity; mortality, hematological values, and blood biochemistry in the rats. Moreover, RHKP produced HDL increasing without CHO, TG and LDL changing in rats. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; These data indicate that brown rice kefir powders show no sub-chronic toxicity and exhibit more antioxidant activity and biochemical component values than cow milk kefir powder. Surprisingly, RHKP showed HDL increasing while HNKP had the highest potent antioxidant activity and biochemical components. Thus, both rice kefir powders are safe and probably a new biochemical resource for health.&lt;/p&gt;`</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">388</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Supaporn Chunchom&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; Chusri Talubmook&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sirirat Deeseenthum&lt;sup&gt;2* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, Khamriang Sub-district, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Natural Antioxidant Innovation Research Unit, Faculty of Technology, Mahasarakham, University, Khamriang Sub-district, Kantarawichai District, Maha Sarakham 44150, THAILAND&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mubarika Sekarsari Yusuf</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intan Wulandari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lili Amelia</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Katrin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arikadia Noviani</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rissyelly</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Abdul Mun’im</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Effect of Gamma Irradiation on Suruhan (Peperomia pellucida (L.) Kunth) Herb Powder</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Angiotensin converting enzyme</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peperomia pellucida</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/307</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239-243</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Peperomia pellucida&lt;/em&gt; (L.) Kunth is known as a raw material for herbal medicine; Preservation of herbs powder by gamma irradiation is reported to be able to keep products free from contamination. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aims to evaluate the effect of gamma irradiation (0; 2.5; 5; 7.5; and 10 kGy) on the ACE inhibitory activity (ACE Kit &amp;ndash; WST test kit method), antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging method), total phenolic content (colorimetric method using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent), total flavonoid content (colorimetric method using AlCl3 and sodium acetate), and TLC profiling (silica gel F&lt;sub&gt;254&lt;/sub&gt; as the stationary phase and dichlormethane:methanol [92:8] as the mobile phase) of suruhan herb powder. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Results showed that the 2.5 kGy irradiation dose gave the smallest alteration in ACE inhibitory activity compared to others irradiated doses. Furthermore, the 5 and 7.5 kGy dose didn&amp;rsquo;t cause significant change (p&amp;gt;0.05) on antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, and total flavonoid content. Antioxidant activity was found to correlate with the total phenolic content but not with the total flavonoid content. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on these finding, it is concluded that gamma irradiation can be used as a preservation method for &lt;em&gt;P. pellucida&lt;/em&gt; herb powder.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">239</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mubarika Sekarsari Yusuf, Intan Wulandari, Lili Amelia, Katrin, Arikadia Noviani, Rissyelly, Abdul Mun&amp;rsquo;im* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy- Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kampus Baru UI Depok, Jawa Barat, 16424, Indonesia&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Krishnendu Acharya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kanad Das</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Soumitra Paloi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arun Kumar Dutta</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Manoj Emanuel Hembrom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Somanjana Khatua</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arvind Parihar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Exploring a novel edible mushroom Ramaria subalpina: Chemical characterization and Antioxidant activity</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ferrous ion chelating</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">HPLC</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">India.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30-34</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; During macrofungal inventorisation from an unexplored subalpine forest of Sikkim Himalayas, a new edible mushroom, &lt;em&gt;Ramaria subalpina&lt;/em&gt; was found and documented in consultation with the forest dwellers. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the present study was to understand the antioxidative potentiality and bioactive constituents of a novel taxon, &lt;em&gt;Ramaria subalpina&lt;/em&gt;, that is highly prized by the ethnic people of subalpine Sikkim Himalayas, India, for its flavor, texture and gastronomic delicacy since time immemorial. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Chemical composition and antioxidant properties of methanolic extract of dried basidiocarps were assessed using HPLC and several in vitro assay systems. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Methanolic extract had phenolics in highest amount, among which pyrrogallol was identified. It also showed potent antioxidant activity. Conclusion: The present study suggests that &lt;em&gt;Ramaria subalpina&lt;/em&gt; has strong medicinal prospects. This novel mushroom can safely be added to the world&amp;rsquo;s edible mushrooms list.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">30</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Krishnendu Acharya&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kanad Das&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Soumitra Paloi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Arun Kumar Dutta&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Manoj Emanuel Hembrom&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Somanjana Khatua&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, and Arvind Parihar&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, Molecular and Applied Mycology and Plant Pathology Laboratory, University of Calcutta, 35, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata&amp;ndash;700019, West Bengal, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Cryptogamic Unit, Botanical Survey of India, P.O.&amp;ndash;Botanic Garden, Howrah&amp;ndash;711103, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Central National Herbarium, Botanical Survey of India, Central National Herbarium, P. O.&amp;ndash;Botanic Garden, Howrah &amp;ndash; 711103, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wilawan Promprom</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Wannachai Chatan</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Bauhinia nakhonphanomensis Leaf Ethanolic Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bauhinia Nakhonphanomensis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.105/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">663-667</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Bauhinia nakhonphanomensis&lt;/em&gt; Chatan. A new species that is endemic to Thailand. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; Leaves of &lt;em&gt;B. nakhonphanomensis&lt;/em&gt; were extracted and the extract was used in gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis to evaluate the total phenols, total flavonoids and antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract of &lt;em&gt;B. nakhonphanomensis&lt;/em&gt; was analyzed by GC-MS. Quantitative analysis for total phenols was done by the Folin-Ciocatteu method and for total flavonoids by the aluminium chloride method. The antioxidant activity of the ethanolic extract was evaluated by the DPPH method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of 19 phytochemical constituents. These compounds were identified by comparing their retention times and peak areas with those from the literature and by interpretation of the mass spectra. The major chemical constituents were inositol (48.55 %), alpha-tocopherol (12.21 %) and phenol (6.61 %). Total phenolic content was 48.69&amp;plusmn;0.56 mg/100 of Gallic acid equivalent (GE). The total flavonoid contentwas 10539&amp;plusmn; 6.14 mg/100 of quercetin equivalent (QE). Antioxidant activity was 17.07&amp;plusmn;0.24 &amp;mu;g/100 of ascorbic acid equivalent antioxidant capacity (AEAC).&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These findings are the first report and suggest that the rich phytochemical content of &lt;em&gt;B. nakhonphanomensis&lt;/em&gt; has good antioxidant activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">663</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Wilawan Promprom&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;and Wannachai Chatan &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Mahasarakham University, THAILAND.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arsia Tarnam Yakoob</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nargis Begum Tajuddin</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muhammad Ilyas Mohammed Hussain</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shilu Mathew</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Archunan Govindaraju</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ishtiaq Qadri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and Hypoglycemic Activities of Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook F. Ex Benth. Root Mediated Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">C. anisata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Diabetes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Glucose and Silver nitrate</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvernanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">579-586</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;The present study was carried out to examine the hypoglycemic effect of Silver Nanoparticles (SNPs) using ethanolic root extract of &lt;em&gt;Clausena anisata&lt;/em&gt; (Willd.) Hook. f. ex Benth. A cost effective and eco friendly technique for green synthesis of SNPs from 1mM AgNO&lt;sub&gt;3&lt;/sub&gt; solution through the root extract was carried out. The biosynthesized SNPs were characterized using UV spectrophotometry, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), X-ray Diffraction analysis (XRD), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectrometry. DPPH assay was done to determine the antioxidant activity and for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; hypoglycemic activity glucose uptake by yeast cells, alpha amylase inhibition assay, adsorption capacity and glucose diffusion assay was performed. The SNPs of ethanolic root extract were found to be spherical in shape and up to 32.75 nm average in size. They showed alpha amylase inhibitory activity of 83.60% at 500 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml. The glucose uptake by yeast cells was found to increase with an increase in concentration. The maximum glucose uptake was found to be 69.51% at 10mM concentration. The molar concentration of glucose was directly proportional to the glucose binding capacity of extracts.The rate of glucose diffusion across the membrane was found to increase from 30 to 180 minutes. The DPPH scavenging activity was found to be potent (74.07%) at 500 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g/ml. The hypoglycemic effect exhibited by the SNPs was revealed by simple in vitro model of yeast cells, mediated by glucose adsorption, increasing glucose diffusion and glucose transport across the cell membrane.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">579</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Arsia Tarnam Yakoob&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Nargis Begum Tajuddin&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Muhammad Ilyas Mohammed Hussain&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Shilu Mathew&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Ishtiaq Qadri&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;* and Archunan Govindaraju&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department Of Biotechnology, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Trichy- 20, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department Of Botany, Jamal Mohamed College (Autonomous), Trichy- 20, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;King Fahad Medical Research Centre, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, SAUDI ARABIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Center For Pheromone Technology, Department Of Animal Science, Bharathidasan University Tiruchirappalli-620 024, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Saraswati Patel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mamta Gokhale</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Study of Antioxidant Activity of Ethanol and Aqueous Extracts of Different Parts of Nyctanthes Arbor-tristis Linn.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Aqueous extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ethanol extracts</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nyctanthes arbor-tristis Linn.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">December 2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113-116</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Antioxidants play a major role in curing degenerative disease. In present time many synthetic antioxidants are commonly used but due to their toxic and carcinogenic effects, their use has been restricted. So the search for natural antioxidants is important. Studies on natural compounds is of interest due to their satisfactory health benefits with low toxicity. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The antioxidant activity of ethanol and aqueous extract of shoot, seed and leaf of an important medicinal tree &lt;em&gt;Nyctanthes arbor-trist&lt;/em&gt; is (Harsingar) were evaluated by DPPH scavenging antioxidant assays. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Different concentrations 25, 50, 75, 100% of the aqueous and ethanol extracts were prepared with standard solutions (ascorbic acid 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.09, 0.1 mg/ml). To 1.5 ml solution of DPPH (0.1 mM), 0.5 ml of various concentrations of the extract and standard were added. &lt;strong&gt;Results&lt;/strong&gt;: In the present study a comparative evaluation of antioxidant activity of seed, shoot and leaf of &lt;em&gt;Nyctanthes arbor-tristis&lt;/em&gt; Linn was performed for their aqueous and ethanol extracts. Ethanol and aqueous extracts of shoot revealed more antioxidant activity then seed and leaf.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; All aerial parts of &lt;em&gt;Nyctanthes arbor-tristis&lt;/em&gt; Linn possess antioxidant activity. The plant may be functioned out for its anticancerous properties in future.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">113</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Saraswati Patel and Mamta Gokhale* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Botany and Microbiology, St. Aloysius College (autonomous), Jabalpur-M.P., INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Muniyandi Anbukkarasi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Philip A Thomas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mahalingam Sundararajan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pitchairaj Geraldine</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry Analysis and In vitro Antioxidant Activity of the Ethanolic Extract of the Leaves of Tabernaemontana divaricata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">GC-MS analysis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metal chelating activity.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytoconstituents</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Reducing power</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tabernaemontana divaricata</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oct 2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">451-458</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To identify phytoconstituents present in an ethanolic extract of the leaves of &lt;em&gt;Tabernaemontana divaricata &lt;/em&gt;and to evaluate its in-vitro antioxidant potential. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract was subjected to gas chromatography- mass spectrometry analysis to identify phytoconstituents, and screened for hydroxyl, superoxide and 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, reducing power and metal-chelating activity as a measure of potential antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; GC-MS analysis of the extract revealed the presence of 96 phytoconstituents, of which 17 are reported to be bioactive and 11 of these to possess antioxidant potential. When tested&lt;em&gt; in-vitro&lt;/em&gt;, the extract exhibited the most potent radical-scavenging activity at a maximum concentration of 10 mg/ml, scavenging effects of 64%, 67% and 69% and corresponding half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) values of 6.7 mg/ml, 6.8 mg/ml and 6.2 mg/ml on hydroxyl, superoxide and DPPH radicals, respectively. Ascorbic acid used as a standard (10 mg/ml) showed scavenging effects of 73%, 73% and 75% and corresponding IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;values of 5.3 mg/ml, 5.8 mg/ml and 5.2 mg/ml, respectively, on hydroxyl, superoxide and DPPH radicals. At 10 mg/ml, the extract and an ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid standard exhibited 68% and 78%, respectively, chelation of ferrous ions; at the same concentration, the reducing power of the extract and that of a butylated hydroxytoluene standard was found to be 3.855 and 4.308, respectively.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; These observations strongly suggest that the ethanolic extract of &lt;em&gt;T. divaricata&lt;/em&gt; leaves has potent&lt;em&gt; in-vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity and thereby could act as a possible therapeutic agent for oxidative stressinduced pathological states.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">451</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Muniyandi Anbukkarasi&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Philip A Thomas&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Mahalingam Sundararajan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Pitchairaj Geraldine&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Animal Science, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli- 620 024, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Ocular Microbiology, Institute of Ophthalmology, Joseph Eye Hospital, Tiruchirappalli- 620 001, Tamil Nadu, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cristiane Cardoso Correia Teixeira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tatiana Pereira de Freitas Cabral</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">João Paulo Barreto de Sousa</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Simone de Pádua Teixeira</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jairo Kenupp Bastos</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Study of Quality Assurance For Peumus Boldus M Products By Botanic Profiling, Extraction Optimization, HPLC Quantification And Antioxidant Assay</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Boldine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Peumus boldus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic evaluation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quantitation.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2016</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Jan/2016</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">8</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">264-272</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; The boldo leaf has several traditional folk medicinal uses, such as for gallbladder, hepatic problems, digestive disorders, rheumatism and others. In the work reported herein, botanic profiling, extraction optimization by Soxhlet, quantification of boldine by an easy/simple to run HPLC method and antioxidant assay are proposed for the quality assurance of boldo dried leaves, standardized extracts, dried extracts, tablets and capsules.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods; &lt;/strong&gt;In this present work we are studying a systematic approach in the quality assurance study of quality assurance for &lt;em&gt;Peumus boldus&lt;/em&gt; M products by the ascertainment of pharmacobotanic parameters for boldo identification, investigation of the extraction parameters by Soxhlet method, development and validation of an easy/simple to run HPLC method to quantify boldine in the raw drug, extracts, commercial tablets, capsules and coated tablets, and antioxidant assay.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The plant material was submitted to a pharmacognostic evaluation through morpho-anatomical diagnosis, showing that starlike trichomes can be used for boldo authentication. The HPLC validated analytical method is reliable, accurate and precise for boldine quantification. Furthermore, the Soxhlet extraction conditions were optimized.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The methods proposed in this paper can be used for the quality assurance of boldo dried leaves, standardized extracts, dried extracts, tablets and capsules.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">264</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Cristiane Cardoso Correia Teixeira, Tatiana Pereira de Freitas Cabral, Jo&amp;atilde;o Paulo Barreto de Sousa, Simone de P&amp;aacute;dua Teixeira, Jairo Kenupp Bastos, Luis Alexandre Pedro de Freitas* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Departamento de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas, N&amp;uacute;cleo de Pesquisas em Produtos Naturais e Sint&amp;eacute;ticos, Faculdade de Ci&amp;ecirc;ncias Farmac&amp;ecirc;uticas de Ribeir&amp;atilde;o Preto, Universidade de S&amp;atilde;o Paulo, Via do Caf&amp;eacute;, S/N, 14040-903, Ribeir&amp;atilde;o Preto, SP, BRAZIL.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Moteriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemali Padaliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejas Rathod</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Baravalia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagenaria siceraria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Nov, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-73</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of Lagenaria siceraria.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2&amp;rsquo;-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; L. &lt;em&gt;siceraria&lt;/em&gt; peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 111 &amp;mu;g/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50 &lt;/sub&gt;value of 39 &amp;mu;g/ml while other parts were ineffective. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of L. &lt;em&gt;siceraria&lt;/em&gt; vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Lagenaria siceraria&lt;/em&gt;, antioxidant activity, DPPH, ABTS, FRAP, total phenol.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda, Pooja Moteriya, Hemali Padalia, Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Sumitra Chanda&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;, Pooja Moteriya, Hemali Padaliya, Tejas Rathod and Yogesh Baravalia &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Phytochemical, Pharmacological and Microbiological Laboratory Department of Biosciences, Saurashtra University - Rajkot, 360 005, Gujarat, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumitra Chanda</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Moteriya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Hemali Padaliya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tejas Rathod</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Yogesh Baravalia</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant and metal chelating activities of Lagenaria siceraria (Molina) Standl peel, pulp and aerial parts in relation to their total phenol and flavonoid content</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">ABTS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">FRAP</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lagenaria siceraria</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64-73</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antioxidant activity and total phenol and flavonoid content of different parts (peel, pulp and aerial parts) of &lt;em&gt;Lagenaria siceraria&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Successive extraction was done by cold percolation method using solvents of different polarity viz. petroleum ether, toluene, ethyl acetate, acetone, water. Total phenol content was determined by Folin-Ciocalteu&amp;rsquo;s reagent method and flavonoid was determined by aluminium chloride colorimetric method. The antioxidant assays evaluated were 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activity, 2, 2&amp;rsquo;-Azino-bis-(3-ethyl) benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) radical cation scavenging activity and Ferric reducing antioxidant power. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;L. siceraria&lt;/em&gt; peel possessed maximum phenol and flavonoid content in acetone and toluene extracts respectively. FRAP was maximum in acetone extract of peel. The peel extract demonstrated stronger DPPH activity with IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 111 &amp;mu;g/ml followed by pulp extract. The same extract was effective in scavenging ABTS radical with an IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; value of 39 &amp;mu;g/ml while other parts were ineffective. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; This work demonstrated good antioxidant activity of &lt;em&gt;L. siceraria&lt;/em&gt; vegetable cultivated in India and recommends that the peel of this vegetable may be of interest from a functional point of view as a major source of natural antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">64</style></section></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Tyrosinase and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Thai Herbal Extracts Traditionally Used as Skin Toner</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anti-tyrosinase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dopachrome method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">skin lightening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">traditional skin toners</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Dec, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-101</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Skin darkness may be cosmetically undesirable for some people. Plant-derived materials traditionally used for skin lightening may produce satisfactory results. Besides innate tyrosinase activity, oxidative stress also plays an important role in skin darkness by activating tyrosinase. Therefore, herbal extracts with strong anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities could be considered as efficacious skin lightening agents. The aims of the present study were to determine the anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities of Thai medicinal plant extracts indigenously used as skin toners. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The activities of seven Thai medicinal plants; &lt;em&gt;Zingiber cassumunar Roxb&lt;/em&gt;., &lt;em&gt;Phyllanthus emblica&lt;/em&gt; Linn., &lt;em&gt;Tagetes erecta &lt;/em&gt;Linn., Centella asiatica, Raphanus sativusvar. Longipinnatus Linn., &lt;em&gt;Cassia fistula &lt;/em&gt;Linn. and&lt;em&gt; Butea monosperma &lt;/em&gt;(Lam.) Taub. were investigated using the DOPA-chrome method to determine anti-tyrosinase activity and the DPPH free radical scavenging assay to determine antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; With respect to tyrosinase inhibitory activity, &lt;em&gt;P. emblica&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;B. monosperma &lt;/em&gt;and R. sativusvar. &lt;em&gt;Longipinnatus &lt;/em&gt;extracts at a concentration of 1.67 mg/mL showed strong activities with the percentage of tyrosinase inhibition at 48.38&amp;plusmn;4.77, 46.92&amp;plusmn;3.77 and 42.85&amp;plusmn;6.54 %, respectively. In addition, P. &lt;em&gt;emblica &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;B. monosperma &lt;/em&gt;extracts also exhibited high antioxidant activities with the IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;values on 33.47&amp;plusmn;1.24 and 33.57&amp;plusmn;1.92 mg/mL, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on tyrosinase inhibition activity and DPPH radical scavenging assays, the herbal extracts of&lt;em&gt; P. emblica &lt;/em&gt;and &lt;em&gt;B. monosperma&lt;/em&gt; show promise as potential skin lighteners in cosmetic formulations.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; antioxidant activity, Dopachrome method, skin lightening, traditional skin toners, anti-tyrosinase inhibitory activity, DPPH radical scavenging assay.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bunleu Sungthong* and Methin Phadungkit &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai district, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bunleu Sungthong</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Methin Phadungkit</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anti-Tyrosinase and DPPH Radical Scavenging Activities of Selected Thai Herbal Extracts Traditionally Used as Skin Toner</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">anti-tyrosinase inhibitory activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dopachrome method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">DPPH radical scavenging assay</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">skin lightening</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">traditional skin toners</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">04/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97-101</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Skin darkness may be cosmetically undesirable for some people. Plant-derived materials traditionally used for skin lightening may produce satisfactory results. Besides innate tyrosinase activity, oxidative stress also plays an important role in skin darkness by activating tyrosinase. Therefore, herbal extracts with strong anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities could be considered as efficacious skin lightening agents. The aims of the present study were to determine the anti-tyrosinase and antioxidant activities of Thai medicinal plant extracts indigenously used as skin toners. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The activities of seven Thai medicinal plants; Zingiber cassumunar Roxb., Phyllanthus emblica Linn., Tagetes erecta Linn., Centella asiatica, Raphanus sativusvar. Longipinnatus Linn., Cassia fistula Linn. and Butea monosperma (Lam.) Taub. were investigated using the DOPA-chrome method to determine anti-tyrosinase activity and the DPPH free radical scavenging assay to determine antioxidant activity. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; With respect to tyrosinase inhibitory activity, P. emblica, B. monosperma and R. sativusvar. Longipinnatus extracts at a concentration of 1.67 mg/mL showed strong activities with the percentage of tyrosinase inhibition at 48.38&amp;plusmn;4.77, 46.92&amp;plusmn;3.77 and 42.85&amp;plusmn;6.54%, respectively. In addition, P. emblica and B. monosperma extracts also exhibited high antioxidant activities with the IC50values on 33.47&amp;plusmn;1.24 and 33.57&amp;plusmn;1.92 mg/mL, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Based on tyrosinase inhibition activity and DPPH radical scavenging assays, the herbal extracts of P. emblica and B. monosperma show promise as potential skin lighteners in cosmetic formulations.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">97</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Bunleu Sungthong* and Methin Phadungkit&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Natural Products Research Unit, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahasarakham University, Kantarawichai district, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swati Vyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumita Kachhwaha</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S. L. Kothari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative analysis of phenolic contents and total antioxidant capacity of Moringa oleifera Lam</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oxidation.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sequential extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Accumulation of reactive species higher than permissible limits in biological systems may lead to various degenerative disorders due to oxidative damage. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Oxidation is a serious concern faced by the food industry causing deterioration of shelved-food quality. Antioxidant compounds like polyphenolics scavenge such free radicals and thus protect against oxidative stress. Consumption of polyphenol-rich plants as dietary component confers protection against such cellular damage. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Present study explores antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of different extracts prepared from various parts of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera &lt;/em&gt;Lam. Higher TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity was shown by methanolic extracts followed by aqueous, petroleum benzene and chloroform extracts.The present study suggests that all the extracts might act as radical scavengers to certain extent possibly due to presence of polyphenolic compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; exhibits strong antioxidant activity and could serve as prospective source of natural antioxidants to food and health industries.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Swati Vyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sumita Kachhwaha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and S. L. Kothari&lt;sup&gt;1,2*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India&amp;ndash;302004.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302019.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swati Vyas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sumita Kachhwah</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">S.L. Kothari</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative analysis of phenolic contents and total antioxidant capacity of Moringa oleifera Lam.</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">oxidation</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">sequential extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total flavonoid content</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenolic content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Nov, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44-51</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction: &lt;/strong&gt;Accumulation of reactive species higher than permissible limits in biological systems may lead to various degenerative disorders due to oxidative damage.&lt;strong&gt; Materials and Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Oxidation is a serious concern faced by the food industry causing deterioration of shelved-food quality. Antioxidant compounds like polyphenolics scavenge such free radicals and thus protect against oxidative stress. Consumption of polyphenol-rich plants as dietary component confers protection against such cellular damage. Present study explores antioxidant capacity, total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) of different extracts prepared from various parts of &lt;em&gt;Moringa oleifera&lt;/em&gt; Lam. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Higher TPC, TFC and antioxidant activity was shown by methanolic extracts followed by aqueous, petroleum benzene and chloroform extracts. The present study suggests that all the extracts might act as radical scavengers to certain extent possibly due to presence of polyphenolic compounds. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;M. oleifera&lt;/em&gt; exhibits strong antioxidant activity and could serve as prospective source of natural antioxidants to food and health industries.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt;&amp;nbsp; Antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, sequential extract, oxidation.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><custom1><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Swati Vyas, Sumita Kachhwaha and S.L.Kothari</style></custom1><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">44</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Swati Vyas&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sumita Kachhwaha&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt; and S.L.Kothari&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Botany, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India&amp;ndash;302004&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align:justify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India-302019&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Amrit Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dharam Paul Attrey</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tanveer Naved</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Studies on Antioxidant Activity, Total Phenol Content and High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography Analysis of Seabuckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides L) Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">75% ethanolic extract</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">High performance Thin layer Chromatography</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">seabuckthorn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">total phenol content</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2nd July 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5-8</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Seabuckthorn (SBT) is a high altitude medicinal plant with vast history of use in traditional medicinal systems such as Tibetan and Chinese systems. SBT leaves have shown range of pharmacological properties suggesting their importance to be used for product development. &lt;strong&gt;Objective: &lt;/strong&gt;The aim of this study was to compare 75% ethanolic extracts of male and female SBT leaves on the basis of antioxidant activity, total phenol content and high performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC) estimation of &amp;beta;-sitosterol and ursolic acid. It also involved comparison of total phenol contents of successive soxhlet extracts (pet ether, chloroform, ethyl acetate, ethanol, and aqueous) of above leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activities and total phenol contents of the extracts were evaluated by using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical scavenging assay and Folin&amp;ndash;Ciocalteu reagent based assay, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Male leaf extract was found to show signifi cantly higher antioxidant activity and total phenol content than that of female leaves. Furthermore, the successive extracts of male leaves showed higher phenol contents than that of female leaves. However, it was not signifi cant in case of pet ether and chloroform extracts. In HPTLC estimation, concentration of &amp;beta;-sitosterol in female leaf extract was observed to be less than that of male leaf extract. However, ursolic acid concentration was found to be almost same in both the type of leaf extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The results suggest the need for developing standard quality control profi le of SBT leaves, especially for product development.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;/strong&gt; Antioxidant activity, 75% ethanolic extract, high performance thin layer chromatography, seabuckthorn, total phenol content.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Amrit Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Prakash Deep&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Suchita Dubey&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dharam Paul Attrey&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Tanveer Naved&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;sup&gt;&lt;strong&gt;3 &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institute of Seabuckthorn Research, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India,&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida Campus, Uttar Pradesh, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ponnam Devendar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K.V.N. Satya Srinivas</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">J. Kotesh Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">T. Sandeep Kumar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Savita Bhagel</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">K.P. Sastry</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phytochemical Investigation, Antioxidant and Antifungal Activities of Rhizomes of Euphorbia Fusiformis</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antifungal activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">antioxidant activity</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Coumarins</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Euphorbia fusiformis</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2014</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">26th May 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">78-82</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; Isolation of compounds from &lt;em&gt;Euphorbia fusiformis&lt;/em&gt; rhizomes and evaluation of extracts and each isolates for its antioxidant and antifungal activities.&lt;strong&gt; Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Five compounds were isolated including Euphol 1, &amp;beta;-Sitosterol 2, Caudicifolin 3, Scoparone 4 and Scopoletin 5. The occurrence of the compounds 2, 4 and 5 in the herb reported here for the first time. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant antioxidant activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 2.781 mg/ml) and its yielded compound 3 showed moderate antioxidant activity (IC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; = 3.25 mg/ml) using DPPH method. The ethyl acetate extract showed better antifungal activity against &lt;em&gt;Aspergillus niger&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Candida albican&lt;/em&gt;s. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Compounds&lt;strong&gt; 2, 4, 5 &lt;/strong&gt;were isolated first time from this plant. The ethyl acetate extract showed significant antioxidant and antifungal activity against&lt;em&gt; A. nigar&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;C. Albicans&lt;/em&gt;. Thus, this study concludes by demonstrating the isolation, characterization, antioxidant and antifungal properties of &lt;em&gt;E. fusiformis&lt;/em&gt;, which may have further therapeutic value.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key Words:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Euphorbia fusiformis&lt;/em&gt;, coumarins, antioxidant activity, antifungal activity.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ponnam Devendar, K V N Satya Srinivas, J Kotesh Kumar,&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; T Sandeep Kumar, Savita Bhagel and K P Sastry &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants-Research Centre, Boduppal, Hyderabad-500092, Telangana State, India.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>