<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Meselhy KM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Shams MM</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sherif NH</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">El-Sonbaty SM</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolic Profile and In Vivo Cytotoxic Activity of Rice Straw Extract</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cytotoxic</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Histopathology</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">LC/MS/MS</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Phenolics</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rice straw</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2019</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2019</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">11</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">849-857</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Previous work of our team exhibited that rice straw (RS) has antitumor activity &lt;em&gt;in vitro &lt;/em&gt;and inhibit proliferation of liver, lung, prostate, and breast cancer human cell lines. In this work, we extended our research to screen the antitumor activity of RS ethanol extract as a single treatment and in the presence of combined radiotherapy with a low dose of gamma radiation against murine Ehrlich solid carcinoma (EAC) model. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To evaluate the most common waste in Egypt RS to screen out its &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; cytotoxic activity and as combined therapy with radiotherapy.&lt;strong&gt; Method:&lt;/strong&gt; Tested sample RS was investigated for its content of phenolics by LC/MS/MS, in addition, ethanolic extracts of the tested sample were investigated as antitumor on female mice inoculated with EAC cells as a single treatment and in the presence of combined radiotherapy with a low dose of gamma radiation (LDR). &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; LC/MS/MS revealed that rice straw was rich in phenolic acids (vanillic, p-coumaric, ferulic, and sinapic acid) along with catechin and flavonoids aglycones (quercetin, apigenin, and kaempferol). Rice straw and/or exposure to a low dose of γ-radiation caused a marked suppression of tumor growth and induced significant reduction in VEGF level &amp;amp; in IL-6 level with significant elevation in IL-10 serum level. Rice straw caused a significant down regulation in the gene transcription level of MCL1 and b-catenin, and a significant up-regulation of Caspase-3 and Bax gene expression. RS extract and LDR (EC + RS + R group) revealed that there was a mild form of necrosis with severe apoptosis in the tumor cells. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; From the aforementioned results, it can be concluded that RS/LDR effectively and synergistically work towards inhibition of cancer cell proliferation. These findings were well supported with histopathological studies suggesting that RS/low dose gamma radiation can serve as a good therapeutic agent against cancer but still need further clinical studies.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">849</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Meselhy KM&lt;sup&gt;1,&lt;/sup&gt;*, Shams MM&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Sherif NH&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, El-Sonbaty SM&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Medicinal Plants and Natural Products, National Organization for Drug Control &amp;amp; Research (NODCAR), Giza, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Drug Radiation Research Department, National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Pharmacognosy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni Suef, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Department of Radiation Microbiology, The National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Nasr City, EGYPT.&lt;/p&gt;
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