<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anita Paulina Tambunan</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Anton Bahtiar</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Influence of Extraction Parameters on the Yield, Phytochemical, TLC-Densitometric Quantification of Quercetin, and LC-MS Profile, and how to Standardize Different Batches for Long Term from Ageratum conyoides L. Leaves</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ageratum conyzoides</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lc-Ms</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Quercetin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standardization.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tlc-Densitometric</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/174</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">767-774</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;Ageratum conyzoides&lt;/em&gt; Linn is one of the Indonesian herbs are used as folk medicine. There are many studies to the therapeutic activity. However, the study of the influence in extraction parameters and how to standardize different batches of plant is still limited. &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present study was designed to investigate the influence of extraction parameters on the variables matter, yield, phytochemical profile, and total quercetin from &lt;em&gt;A. conyzoides L&lt;/em&gt;. leaves extract. The study also evaluates Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (LC-MS) and TLC fingerprint profiles of the extract to determine the proper quality of plant material of &lt;em&gt;A. conyzoides L&lt;/em&gt;. leaves. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Different temperatures (from 0&amp;deg;C to 60&amp;deg;C), solvent types (water and 70% ethanol (%v/v), and extraction time (192 h VS 2 h) were used to investigate the influence of extraction parameters. The profiles of extract were performed by TLC and LC-MS method. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The extract yield was influenced by temperature, solvent types, and time extraction. Our results suggest that the digestion technique at 60&amp;deg;C with 70% ethanol for 2h was recommended for the extraction method to obtained high yield and quercetin content as bioactive compound in &lt;em&gt;A. conyzoides L&lt;/em&gt;. leaves extract. The range of quercetin content (40&amp;ndash;52 ppm) combined with TLC and LC-MS profile can be used to determine the proper quality of plant material. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; All parameter of extraction have an affect on the yield extract and total quercetin on the final extract. Thus, there is a need an optimized method to obtain the suitable method.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">767</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Anita Paulina Tambunan&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Anton Bahtiar&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt;, Raymond Rubianto Tjandrawinata&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Dexa Laboratories of Biomolecular Sciences, Dexa Medica, Cikarang, INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mubo Adeola Sonibare</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Oluwaseun Victoria Olatubosun</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognostic and free radical scavenging Evaluation of Cyathula prostata l. (Blume)</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antioxidant.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Cyathula prostrata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">microscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Physicochemical parameters</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Standardization.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">27th Dec, 2014</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107-116</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cyathula prostrata &lt;/em&gt;(Blume) L. from the family Amaranthaceae has been used traditionally for rheumatism, dysentery, wounds and urethral discharges in the tropical regions of the world.&lt;strong&gt; Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;The present study was undertaken to perform quality control standardization and to evaluate antioxidant activity of the leaf, stem, root and the whole plant of &lt;em&gt;Cyathula prostrata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Macroscopic and microscopic evaluations were carried out on the plant using standard procedures. Powdered sample of the leaf was evaluated with various organic solvents for fluorescence. The chloroform, ethyl-acetate and methanolic extracts of the leaf, stem, root and whole plant were subjected to various pharmacognostic analyses and evaluated for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antioxidant activity using DPPH assay.Further, thin layer chromatoghraphy was used to evaluate the chloroform extract. &lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Important epidermal features in the plant include: coastal cells, unbranched, uniseriate, multicellular and non-glandular trichomes. Leaves are amphistomatic showing mostly anomocytic and actinocytic stomata. Starch grains are restricted to the adaxial surface. Vascular bundles are mainly collateral and well-developed bundle sheath. The transverse section of stem is circular, hypodermis (1-3 layers). Cross section of the root is described in detail for the plant. Cortex has angular cells. Fluorescence studies showed different colours. Physico-chemical results are comparable with standards. The TLC profile showed presence of at least seven compounds in the leaf, root and the whole plant extracts, while nine components were obtained from the stem extract. The ethyl acetate extract of the root and ethanol extract of the stem gave the highest phenolic contents (30.09&amp;plusmn;3.768 mg GAE/g) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (87.0 &amp;plusmn; 0.208), respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The distinctive features established in this study are steps in identification, standardization and quality control of this medicinal plant.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Key words:&lt;em&gt;&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;em&gt;Cyathula prostrata&lt;/em&gt;, standardization, microscopy, physicochemical parameters, antioxidant.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">107</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Mubo Adeola Sonibare&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; and Oluwaseun Victoria Olatubosun &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>