<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pooja Agrahari</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Richa R</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kumari Swati</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Supriya Rai</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinay Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh Kumar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ficus religiosa Tree Leaves as Bioindicators of Heavy Metals in Gorakhpur City, Uttar Pradesh, India</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Atomic absorption spectroscopy</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lead</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Metal</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2018</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">March 2018</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/501</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">10</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">416-420</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; The present work investigates the metal uptake of the plant &lt;em&gt;Ficus religiosa&lt;/em&gt; leaves collected from nine experimental sites in Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; The concentration of lead in leaves was determined with help of atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Results: The level of the lead in leaves of &lt;em&gt;Ficus religiosa&lt;/em&gt; was much higher than the limits recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). The bioaccumulation of lead was highest in site 2 (Gayatri nagar) i.e. 14.1 mg kg&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt; dry weight of &lt;em&gt;F. religiosa&lt;/em&gt;. To determine the relationship between the lead concentration in leaves and traffic density the Pearson&amp;rsquo;s correlation analysis has been performed. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The value of Pearson&amp;rsquo;s correlation coefficient was positive indicating that the traffic density plays an important role in the lead pollution in plants.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">3</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">416</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Pooja Agrahari&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Richa&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Kumari Swati&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Supriya Rai&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;, Vinay Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Dinesh Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;1*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P., 273009, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;M.Sc Students (2016)- Department of Environmental Science, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, U.P., 273009, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kavita Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">D.K. Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinay Kumar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorophyllin Treatment Against the Snail Lymnaea acuminata: A new tool in Fasciolosis Control</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorophyllin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasciola Gigantica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasciolosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymnaea acuminata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photodynamic Reaction.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Plant Molluscicide</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">/files/pj-9-5/10.5530pj.2017.5.94/index.html</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">594-598</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; To observe the toxicity of chlorophyllin against &lt;em&gt;Lymnaea acuminata&lt;/em&gt; to control fasciolosis caused by liver fluke &lt;em&gt;fasciola gigantica,&lt;/em&gt; very prominent in eastern region of Uttar Pradesh. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Ten snails &lt;em&gt;Lymnaea acuminata&lt;/em&gt; were placed in a glass aquarium containing 3 L of dechlorinated tap water. These snails were treated with different concentrations of chlorophyllin. Chlorophyll was extracted from spinach with the help of macerated leaves and kept for 2 h in 100% ethanol at 55&amp;ordm;C. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The results of the experiment showed that the photodynamically active chlorophyllin, at low concentration was able to kill the snails under exposure of solar radiation in summer season instead of winter season. In winter, extracted chlorophyllin toxicity against &lt;em&gt;L.&lt;/em&gt; &lt;em&gt;acuminata&lt;/em&gt; in sunlight (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 91.82 mg L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) /laboratory condition (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 921.93 mg L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) was less than pure chlorophyllin in sunlight (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 12.05 mg L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) /laboratory condition (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;19.22 mg L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;), respectively. In summer, pure chlorophyllin was more toxic in sunlight (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 3.90 mg L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;) than laboratory condition (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 7.18 mg L&lt;sup&gt;-1&lt;/sup&gt;). Pure chlorophyllin is more than five times toxic than synthetic molluscicides. Treatment of chlorophyllin caused no toxic effect against the fish (&lt;em&gt;Colisa fasciatus&lt;/em&gt;). The result presented in this paper is found very beneficial and ecologically safe, as a photodynamic substance chlorophyllin, which found in every green plant. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Phytotherapy of snails by photodynamic water soluble chlorophyllin to control fasciolosis can be used as potent molluscicides with low cost and easily biodegradable.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">594</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Kavita Singh, DK Singh and Vinay Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;* &lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Neelam Soni</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinay Kumar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Inhibition Kinetics of Acetylcholinesterase and Phosphatases by the Active Constituents of Terminalia arjuna and Tamarindus indica in the Cerebral Ganglion of Lymnaea acuminata</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Arjunolic acid</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enzymes</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Lymnaea acuminata</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Procynadine</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tamarindus indica</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Terminalia arjuna</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">February 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://phcogj.com/fulltext/292</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148-156</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction:&lt;/strong&gt; Paper demonstrates effect of the active molluscicidal components arjunolic acid (&lt;em&gt;Terminalia arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark) and procynadine (&lt;em&gt;Tamarindus indica&lt;/em&gt; seed) on the activity of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and phosphatases (ACP/ALP) in the cerebral ganglion of snail &lt;em&gt;Lymnaea acuminata&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Kinetics of AChE/ACP/ ALP inhibition in the cerebral ganglion of snail &lt;em&gt;Lymnaea acuminata&lt;/em&gt; was studied via &lt;em&gt;in vivo&lt;/em&gt; (40% and 80% of 96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;) and &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; treatments (0.3 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g to 7.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g) of the column purified fractions, arjunolic acid and procynadine. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; &lt;em&gt;In vivo&lt;/em&gt; exposure of procynadine and arjunolic acid significantly inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), acid phosphatase (ACP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities in the cerebral ganglion of &lt;em&gt;L. acuminata&lt;/em&gt; exposed to 80% of 96h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt;. In &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; treatment maximum inhibition in AChE/ACP/ALP activities in the cerebral ganglion of snail were noted when exposed to 7.0 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g of arjunolic acid and 0.9 &lt;em&gt;&amp;mu;&lt;/em&gt;g of procynadine. Column purified fraction of &lt;em&gt;T. arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark and &lt;em&gt;T. indica&lt;/em&gt; seed caused non-competitive and uncompetitive inhibition of AChE activity, respectively. Column purified fraction and arjunolic acid of &lt;em&gt;T. arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark caused uncompetitive inhibition of ACP while column purified fraction and procynadine of &lt;em&gt;T. indica&lt;/em&gt; seed caused competitive inhibition. Competitivenon- competitive inhibition of ALP activity in the cerebral ganglion of &lt;em&gt;L. acuminata&lt;/em&gt; was observed after treatment of column purified active components of both plants. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/strong&gt; The molluscicidal activity of &lt;em&gt;T. arjuna&lt;/em&gt; bark (arjunolic acid) and &lt;em&gt;T. indica&lt;/em&gt; seed (procynadine) against snail &lt;em&gt;L. acuminata&lt;/em&gt; is due to the inhibition of AChE/ACP/ ALP. Their inhibition kinetics against AChE/ACP/ALP, were different in cerebral ganglion of snail.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">148</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Neelam Soni, Dinesh Kumar Singh, Vinay Kumar Singh* &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Department of Zoology, Malacology laboratory, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273009, Uttar Pradesh, India.&amp;nbsp;&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Divya Chaturvedi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Dinesh Kumar Singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Vinay Kumar Singh</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photodynamic Toxicity of Chlorophyllin against Fasciola gigantica Carrier Snail Indoplanorbis exustus in Visible Spectral Band</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorophyllin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fasciolosis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Indoplanorbis exustus</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Photodynamic Product</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Visible light band.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2017</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">September 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><urls><web-urls><url><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">http://fulltxt.org/article/168</style></url></web-urls></urls><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">9</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">729-736</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; Fasciolosis is one of the most debilitating diseases caused by liver flukes &lt;em&gt;Fasciola hepatica and F. gigantica&lt;/em&gt;. Snail Lymnaeidae and Planorbidae is the intermediate host of these flukes. Snail population management is a good tool to control fasciolosis because gastropods represent the weakest link in the life-cycle of trematode. Aim of the present study is to explore the molluscicidal activity of chlorophyllin in visible spectral band against &lt;em&gt;Fasciola gigantica carrier snail Indoplanorbis exustus&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Chlorophyll was transformed into water-soluble chlorophyllin in 100% ethanol by using different types of chemicals. Ten snails &lt;em&gt;Indoplanorbis exustus&lt;/em&gt; were placed in a glass aquarium containing 3 L of dechlorinated tap water. These snails were treated with different concentrations of chlorophyllin in sunlight as well as exposed to different visible spectral band of light. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Pure chlorophyllin (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 6.54 mg/l) in sunlight was more toxic than extracted chlorophyllin (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 939.65 mg/l). There was a significant variation in the toxicity of chlorophyllin with snails, exposed to visible spectral band of light. The highest and lowest toxicity of chlorophyllin against &lt;em&gt;I. exustus&lt;/em&gt; was noted in yellow light (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 2016.79 mg/l) and green light (96 h LC&lt;sub&gt;50&lt;/sub&gt; 2433.16 mg/l). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) study reveals that the active molluscicidal component extracted in spinach leaves is chlorophyllin. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Due to the photodynamic nature of chlorophyllin, it has the potential to control the population of vector snails and ultimately fasciolosis in developing countries.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">729</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Divya Chaturvedi, Dinesh Kumar Singh,&amp;nbsp;Vinay Kumar Singh&lt;sup&gt;*&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;Malacology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, Pin: 273 009, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>