<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ankita singh</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Tejaswi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Kenganora Mruthunjaya</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suneeth Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ambikathanaya U.K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sachin B. Manglekar</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparative Evaluation of Microhardness and Color Change of Root dentin using Punica granatum (pomegranate extract), Sodium hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine and Normal saline as an Endodontic irrigant – An in vitro study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Chlorhexidine.</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Color change</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Endodontic irrigant</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microhardness</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Punica granatum (pomegranate peel extract)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">UVVIS spectrophotometer</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2023</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">October 2023</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">15</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">732-737</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;To evaluate the microhardness and change in color of root dentin using Punica granatum, sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine and normal saline as an endodontic irrigant and to implement their use in field of dentistry. &lt;strong&gt;Materials and Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; 60 single rooted anterior teeth extracted due to periodontal and orthodontic reasons were collected. All the samples were decoronated to achieve constant length of 14mm. Patency of root canal was established using 10k file and working length was determined 1mm short of the file length. Each canal was prepared till F3 protaper. After preparation the samples were randomly divided into 4 groups: Group 1: Saline (Control); Group 2: 5% Sodium Hypochlorite; Group 3: 2% Chlorhexidine; Group 4: 5% Punica granatum (pomegranate peel extract). After grouping the samples were longitudinally sectioned. One half of the tooth sample was used for microhardness testing using Vickers microhardness indentor and the other half of sample was used for color change evaluation using spectrophotometer after irrigation with the test solutions on day 1 and day 7th post irrigation. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; The mean microhardness in all four groups decreased comparatively at post as compared to pre and the decrease was evident highest in sodium hypochlorite followed by chlorhexidine, pomegranate and saline the least. In regard to color change sodium hypochlorite, chlorhexidine and pomegranate all showed visible color changes after 7 day of irrigation with pomegranate showing the highest color change. Higher lightness was shown in Group 2 i.e., sodium hypochlorite whereas redness was seen more in Group 4 i.e., pomegranate and yellowish tint was more visible in Group 3. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;: 5% Punica granatum has showed negligible effect on microhardness of dentin but showed maximum color change when compared to chlorhexidine, sodium hypochlorite and saline.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">5</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">732</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ankita singh&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Sunil Tejaswi&lt;sup&gt;2,*&lt;/sup&gt;, Kenganora Mruthunjaya&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;, Suneeth Shetty&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Ambikathanaya U.K&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;, Sachin B. Manglekar&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Post graduate student, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Reader, Department of Conservative dentistry and endodontics, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karanataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, JSS College of Pharmacy, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;Lecturer, JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysore, Karnataka, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Professor, Bharathi Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Akanksha Mittal</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Sunil Tejaswi</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Mruthunjaya K</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Suneeth Shetty</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Ambikathanaya UK</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Comparison of Antibacterial Activity of Calcium Hydroxide, Azadirachta Indica (Neem), Ocimum Tenuiflorum (Tulsi) and Punica Granatum (Pomegranate) Gels as Intracanal Medicaments Against Enterococcus Faecalis: An in-vitro Study</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Calcium hydroxide</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Enterococcus faecalis</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Herbal</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Intracanal medicaments</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Microbial sensitivity tests</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Root canal therapy</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">July 2017</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">988-994</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Aim: &lt;/strong&gt;This study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of Calcium hydroxide, Azadirachta indica (Neem), Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) and Punica granatum (Pomegranate) gels as intracanal medicaments against &lt;em&gt;Enterococcus faecalis&lt;/em&gt;. &lt;strong&gt;Methodology:&lt;/strong&gt; Crude extracts of Pomegranate peel, Neem leaves and Tulsi leaves were used to determine MIC following which gels of 5% neem, 10% tulsi and 10% pomegranate were prepared. Forty-eight single rooted human premolars were procured and inoculated with E.faecalis for 7 days. Specimens were then randomly distributed into 4 groups.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Group I- Calcium hydroxide&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Group II- 5% A. indica (Neem) gel&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Group III- 10% O. tenuiflorum (Tulsi) gel&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;Group IV-10%&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;P. granatum (Pomegranate) gel The experimental gels were then introduced into the samples and were sealed at both ends. The antimicrobial activity of medicaments was assessed by measuring CFU/ml at the end of 1, 3 and 5 days. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; Calcium hydroxide showed the maximum antibacterial activity (5.3X10&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;CFU/ml) followed by Pomegranate gel (5.4 X10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; CFU/ml) with no statistically significant difference between them. Similarly, no statistically significant difference was observed between the mean CFU/ml values of the neem (10.2 X10&lt;sup&gt;4 &lt;/sup&gt;CFU/ml) and tulsi gel (10.2 X10&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt; CFU/ml). However, pomegranate gel showed statistically significant antibacterial activity when compared to Neem and Tulsi. (Table 1, Table 2, Table 3, table 4) (Figure 1). &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; Calcium hydroxide showed the best antibacterial activity against E.faecalis. Among herbal gels, pomegranate showed the maximum antibacterial activity, however, further &lt;em&gt;in-vivo&lt;/em&gt; research is required for it to be used as a sole intracanal medicament clinically.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">4</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Research Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">988</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Akanksha Mittal, Sunil Tejaswi*, Mruthunjaya K, Suneeth Shetty, Ambikathanaya UK&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;JSS Dental College and Hospital, Mysuru, INDIA.&lt;/p&gt;
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