<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Torres Carola Analía</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Nuñez María Beatriz</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Isla María Inés</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Castro Marcela Paola</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gonzalez Ana María</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Zampini Iris Catiana</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Antibacterial Activity of Tinctures from Tree leaves belonging to the Bignoniaceae family and their Synergistic Effect with Antibiotics</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Checkerboard method</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC)</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Gentamicin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Tabebuia nodosa</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Time-kill experiments.</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2015</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">01/2015</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">7</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400-405</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p style=&quot;text-align: justify;&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Context:&lt;/strong&gt; Some species of Bignoniaceae are widely used in medicinal practice by the natives of South America. &lt;strong&gt;Aims:&lt;/strong&gt; Tinctures and infusions from twelve tree species of this family were evaluated for &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt; antibacterial activity against pathogenic bacteria. The effect of interactions between the four most active extracts and conventional antibiotics was also evaluated. &lt;strong&gt;Methods and Material:&lt;/strong&gt; Bioautography and disc diffusion methods were used to select the most active extracts, then agar macrodilution and broth microdilution method were used to determine the minimal inhibitory and minimal bactericidal concentration (MIC and MBC). Time-kill assay and checkerboard method were employed to determine the type of antimicrobial effect and synergism, respectively. &lt;strong&gt;Results:&lt;/strong&gt; It could be determined that tinctures from &lt;em&gt;Catalpa bignonioides&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Handroanthus pulcherrimus&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia nodosa&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Tecoma stans&lt;/em&gt; were able to inhibit bacterial growth. The MIC and MBC observed were between 125-1000 &amp;mu;g GAE/ ml and 500-1000 &amp;mu;g GAE/ml, respectively. The tested extracts were more effective against Gram-positive microorganisms. Time-kill experiments indicated bacteriostatic activity. Phytochemical screening showed terpenoids, phenols and flavonoids. Alkaloids were detected only in Tecoma stans. Among these combinations, the best was &lt;em&gt;Tabebuia nodosa &lt;/em&gt;extract plus gentamicin. In most cases, MIC values were reduced 16-32 times for antibiotics, and even 8-16 times for extracts. &lt;strong&gt;Conclusion: &lt;/strong&gt;These results revealed that some of the selected combinations could efficiently inhibit the growth of tested strains at lower concentrations than those required for the lonely use of the antimicrobial. These extracts would improve the efficacy of antibiotics against resistant bacteria, hence they could be used for anti-infective therapy.&lt;/p&gt;</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">400</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Torres Carola Anal&amp;iacute;a&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Nu&amp;ntilde;ez Mar&amp;iacute;a Beatriz&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Isla Mar&amp;iacute;a In&amp;eacute;s&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt;, Castro Marcela Paola&lt;sup&gt;1,2&lt;/sup&gt;, Gonzalez Ana Mar&amp;iacute;a&lt;sup&gt;1,2,5&lt;/sup&gt; and Zampini Iris Catiana&lt;sup&gt;3,4&lt;/sup&gt; &lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Departamento de Ciencias B&amp;aacute;sicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Nacional del Chaco Austral (UNCAUS), Comandante Fern&amp;aacute;ndez 755-Presidencia Roque S&amp;aacute;enz Pe&amp;ntilde;a, Chaco, Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratorio de Microbiolog&amp;iacute;a de los Alimentos (UNCAUS), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient&amp;iacute;ficas y T&amp;eacute;cnicas (CONICET), Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Qu&amp;iacute;mica del Noroeste Argentino (INQUINOA-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Tucum&amp;aacute;n. Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;4&lt;/sup&gt;C&amp;aacute;tedra de Qu&amp;iacute;mica Org&amp;aacute;nica y Biol&amp;oacute;gica, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales e IML y Facultad de Bioqu&amp;iacute;mica, Qu&amp;iacute;mica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Ayacucho 471, San Miguel de Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Tucum&amp;aacute;n, Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p&gt;&lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt;Instituto de Bot&amp;aacute;nica del Nordeste IBONE (CONICET), Sargento Cabral 2131, Corrientes. Argentina.&lt;/p&gt;</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>