<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><xml><records><record><source-app name="Biblio" version="7.x">Drupal-Biblio</source-app><ref-type>17</ref-type><contributors><authors><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Rahayu Anggraini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Silvia Surini</style></author><author><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Fadlina Chany Saputri</style></author></authors></contributors><titles><title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Formulation and Characterization of Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia Linn.) Fruit Fraction Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles</style></title><secondary-title><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Pharmacognosy Journal</style></secondary-title></titles><keywords><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Bitter melon</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Charantin</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Momordica charantia Linn</style></keyword><keyword><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Solid lipid nanoparticles</style></keyword></keywords><dates><year><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">2021</style></year><pub-dates><date><style  face="normal" font="default" size="100%">November 2021</style></date></pub-dates></dates><volume><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">13</style></volume><pages><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1347-1354</style></pages><language><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">eng</style></language><abstract><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background:&lt;/strong&gt; The main active compound of bitter melon (&lt;em&gt;Momordica charantia&lt;/em&gt; Linn.) fruit is charantin, which is believed to have important role on antihyperglycemic effect. However, charantin compound has a large molecular weight and is easily hydrolysed when given orally. Therefore, a colloidal drug delivery system, such as solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN), is required to provide a suitable and effective delivery of charantin, which is contained in a bitter melon fraction (BMF). &lt;strong&gt;Objective:&lt;/strong&gt; This study aimed to prepare and evaluate SLN containing BMF with an appropriate characteristic for transdermal delivery. &lt;strong&gt;Methods:&lt;/strong&gt; Bitter melon fruits were extracted with ionic liquid of [BMIM]BF4 using ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) and fractionated with dichloromethane. Four formulas of BMF loaded SLN were prepared with various ratio of BMF to surfactant and various ratio of lipids using high-shear homogenization followed by ultrasonication method. The obtained SLN were characterized, including morphology, particle size distribution, zeta potential, and entrapment efficiency. Furthermore, the stability study of BMF-loaded SLN was also conducted.&lt;strong&gt; Results&lt;/strong&gt;: The result showed that BMF was a dry powder and brownish fraction with a specific smell. The BMF loaded SLN showed a spherical shape with the SLN F1 formula as a selected formula. The SLN F1 showed a particle size (Z-average) of 98.3±1.98 nm, polydispersity index of 0.26±0.01, zeta potential of -39.53±0.15 mV, and entrapment efficiency of 82.96±1.42 %. According to the stability study, it revealed that the BMF loaded SLN F1 had an acceptable stability, which the charantin content in the SLN was 96.52% after 3 months storage at 25°C ± 2°C.&lt;strong&gt; Conclusion:&lt;/strong&gt; The BMF loaded SLN F1 with 1:12 ratio of BMF to surfactant and 1:2 ratio of capric caprylic triglyceride to glyceryl monostearate was selected as the best formula with the appropriate characteristics for transdermal delivery.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></abstract><issue><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">6</style></issue><work-type><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">Original Article</style></work-type><section><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">1347</style></section><auth-address><style face="normal" font="default" size="100%">&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Rahayu Anggraini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;, Silvia Surini&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;,*, Fadlina Chany Saputri&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;1&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology Development, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, West Java. INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p class=&quot;rtejustify&quot;&gt;&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, 16424, West Java. INDONESIA.&lt;/p&gt;
</style></auth-address></record></records></xml>