03242nas a2200289 4500008004100000245013500041210006900176260001800245300001200263490000700275520238200282653002402664653001602688653001702704653001002721653002302731653000902754653002102763100001802784700002402802700001702826700002102843700001902864700001602883700001402899856003902913 2019 eng d00aCakile maritima Scop. Extracts Inhibit Caco2 and HeLa Human Carcinoma Cell Growth: GC-MS Analysis of an Anti-Proliferative Extract0 aCakile maritima Scop Extracts Inhibit Caco2 and HeLa Human Carci cFebruary 2019 a258-2660 v113 a

Introduction: Exposure to high levels of antioxidants has been linked to the treatment and prevention of some cancers. Although Cakile maritima has a high antioxidant capacity, it is yet to be tested for the ability to inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. Methods: Solvent extracts prepared from C. maritima plant material were analysed for antioxidant capacity by the DPPH free radical scavenging assay. Anti-proliferative activities against Caco2 and HeLa cancer cells were determined by an MTS based cell proliferation assay. Toxicity was determined by the Artemia franciscana bioassay. The most potent anti-proliferative extract (hexane) was further investigated using non-targeted GC-MS headspace analysis. Results: Good DPPH radical scavenging activity was calculated for all C. maritima extracts. The methanolic and ethyl acetate extracts had particularly strong antioxidant activity (IC50 of 4.7 and 3.4 μg/mL respectively). Interestingly, the hexane extract which had the lowest DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50 13.6 μg/mL), was the most potent inhibitor or Caco2 and HeLa carcinoma cell growth, with IC50’s of 12 and 126 μg/mL respectively. The ethyl acetate extract was also a potent inhibitor of proliferation (IC50 values of 185 and 468 μg/mL against Caco2 and HeLa, respectively). The methanolic extract (IC50 values of 2261 and 2046 μg/mL against CaCo2 and HeLa respectively) displayed only moderate anti-proliferative activity, demonstrating that antioxidant activity did not correspond with anti-proliferative activity. All of the extracts were determined to be nontoxic in the Artemia franciscana bioassay, with LC50 values substantially >1000 μg/mL. Non-biased GC-MS headspace analysis of the C. maritima hexane extract highlighted several interesting compounds that may contribute to the therapeutic bioactivities of the extract. Conclusion: The lack of toxicity and the anti-proliferative activity of the hexane and ethyl acetate C. maritima extracts against HeLa and Caco2 cancer cell lines indicates their potential in the treatment and prevention of some cancers.

10aAnticancer activity10aAntioxidant10aBrassicaceae10aCaCo210aEuropean searocket10aHeLa10aOxidative stress1 aOmer, Elsayed1 aElshamy, Abdelsamed1 aTaher, Rihab1 aEl-Kashak, Walaa1 aShalom, Joseph1 aWhite, Alan1 aCock, Ian uhttps://www.phcogj.com/article/824