02940nas a2200289 4500008004100000245014000041210006900181260001800250300001200268490000700280520205600287653001002343653001102353653001702364653001902381653001602400653001602416100001802432700002002450700002202470700002702492700002102519700001802540700002602558700002602584856004002610 2025 eng d00aCytotoxic Activity of Annona Muricata L, Momordica Charantia L. and Launaea Taraxacifolia Willd. from Benin: A Flow Cytometric Approach0 aCytotoxic Activity of Annona Muricata L Momordica Charantia L an cDecember 2025 a727-7320 v173 a

Background: Cancer is rising worldwide, causing approximately 9.7 million deaths in 2022. Treatments are costly, have significant side effects, and are sometimes unavailable in Benin. Medicinal plants offer promising avenues for new therapeutic agents. Objective: This study uses flow cytometry method to evaluate the cytotoxic activity of Annona muricata (Annonaceae), Momordica charantia (Cucurbitaceae) and Launaea taraxacifolia (Asteraceae), three plants from the Beninese pharmacopoeia known for their anti-cancer properties. Materials and Methods: The leaves of A. muricata, L. taraxacifolia and whole plants of M. charantia were collected in southern Benin. Extracts were prepared by aqueous decoction and sequential extraction with solvents of increasing polarity (dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, methanol). The phytochemical profiles of the extracts were determined using TLC and tube tests. The cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated on THP-1 cancer cells and PBMC healthy cells. After treatment with the extracts, cell viability was measured by flow cytometry after staining with Thiazole Orange and Hoechst 33258. Results: The dichloromethane extracts of A. muricata and M. charantia, and the ethyl acetate extract of M. charantia and L. taraxacifolia showed significant cytotoxic effects on THP-1 cells. Their half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were 139.6 μg/mL, 72.89 μg/mL, 81.88 μg/mL and 106.3 μg/ mL, respectively. These extracts also demonstrated good selectivity toward normal cells. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloids, coumarins, flavonoids, anthracene glycosides and triterpenes in the active extracts. Conclusion: This study demonstrated the cytotoxic potential of three medicinal plants from the Beninese pharmacopoeia which may serve to develop further new anticancer therapies.

10aBenin10aCancer10aCytotoxicity10aPlant extracts10aselectivity10aTHP-1 cells1 aGanfon, Habib1 aAhouansou, Axel1 aDechavanne, Celia1 aCapo-Chichi, Callinice1 aLagnika, Latifou1 aAubouy, Agnes1 aDechavanne, Sebastien1 aMassougbodji, Achille uhttps://www.phcogj.com/article/2562