02791nas a2200277 4500008004100000245006600041210006500107260001900172300001200191490000700203520198200210653001302192653001902205653002002224653003202244653003002276653002402306100001802330700002402348700002002372700002402392700002002416700001802436700001902454856004002473 2025 eng d00aTribulus terrestris: A Revisit to a Promising Herbal Diuretic0 aTribulus terrestris A Revisit to a Promising Herbal Diuretic cSeptember 2025 a653-6610 v173 a

Background: Standard diuretics are essential for managing fluid as well as electrolyte overload and hypertension but are frequently associated with adverse effects such as electrolyte imbalances, renal dysfunction, and metabolic disturbances. This has prompted increased interest in safer, plant-based alternatives. Tribulus terrestris, a medicinal herb used as a diuretic agent in traditional systems, has shown promising diuretic activity in recent experimental studies. Objective: To provide an outline and assess the reported diuretic effects of Tribulus terrestris, including its phytochemical profile, mechanisms of action, and findings from in vivo, in vitro, and in silico studies. Methods: An extensive literature survey was performed on the PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar databases for studies published between 2000 and 2025. The inclusion criterion was original articles evaluating the diuretic activity of Tribulus terrestris. Articles without diuretic activity were excluded. Data extraction included the plant part used, extract type, dosage, model used and observed effects. Results: This review highlights the diuretic properties and phytoconstituents of Tribulus terrestris. Most studies have used aqueous or ethanolic extracts of fruits or whole plants and reported significant increases in urine output and urinary sodium excretion, which are often comparable to those of standard diuretics such as furosemide. Conclusion: This review highlights the preclinical diuretic activity of Tribulus terrestris. It has shown effective and welltolerated diuretic potential in preclinical and human subjects. It is a promising, likely herbal-based diuretic, natural alternative or complement, adjunct to conventional diuretics, which warrants further investigation through clinical studies.

10adiuresis10adiuretic agent10aHerbal medicine10aIndian traditional medicine10aSiddha system of medicine10aTribulus terrestris1 aKiran, Amruth1 aE, Praveen, Kumar S1 aDash, Devasrita1 aSuresh, Govindasamy1 aPai, Vasudev, R1 aAmuthan, Arul1 aShenoy, Ganesh uhttps://www.phcogj.com/article/2543