02566nas a2200241 4500008004100000245014300041210006900184260001600253300001200269490000700281520177700288653001902065653001602084653002202100653002702122653002802149100002002177700002102197700002302218700001702241700002602258856004002284 2025 eng d00aMoringa oleifera Fruit Secondary Metabolites Role in Sarcopenic Obesity via Fat Mass and Obesity-Associated Protein: An In Silico Analysis0 aMoringa oleifera Fruit Secondary Metabolites Role in Sarcopenic  cAugust 2025 a450-4570 v173 a

Background: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) refers to the coexistence of sarcopenia and obesity, pathogenic interaction between loss of skeletal muscle and function and fat-mass accumulation. Fat mass and obesityassociated (FTO) protein is one of the proteins that involved in pathophysiology of SO. Moringa oleifera is one of potential drug candidates for degenerative diseases due to its various bioactive metabolites from most parts of this plant. Objective: An in silico study, employing computational methods to simulate molecular interactions through molecular docking, aims to investigate the potential of Moringa oleifera fruit secondary metabolites to interact with FTO protein. Methodology: This study was carried out the molecular docking analysis of Moringa oleifera fruit secondary metabolites that was retrieved from database and have been screened for drug-likeness and toxicity for FTO protein inhibitor candidates. Molecular docking was using Pyrx v0.8, AutoDock 4.2.6 by AutoDockTools 1.5.7, and BIOVIA Discovery studio client 2025 as visualization tools. Results: This study showed 9 bioactive compounds from Moringa oleifera fruit is bioavailable and safe for oral drugs according to Lipinski Rule of 5 (RO5) and Oral Rat Acute Toxicity (LD50). Molecular docking results showed riboflavin is the most potential compound as FTO protein inhibitor as its strongest affinity and interaction in active site compared to FTO protein native ligands 3-methylthymidine (DT). Conclusion: Therefore, Moringa oleifera fruit is potential for SO therapy candidates through regulation of FTO protein activity.

10aand riboflavin10aFTO protein10aMolecular docking10aMoringa oleifera fruit10asarcopenic obesity (SO)1 aCitrawati, Mila1 aSalwa, Assyafiya1 aSetyaningsih, Yuni1 aFauziah, Cut1 aSusantiningsih, Tiwuk uhttps://www.phcogj.com/article/2523