01910nas a2200229 4500008004100000245009900041210006900140260001900209300000800228490000700236520126400243653001701507653000901524653001401533653001201547653001301559653002101572100001401593700001701607700001601624856004001640 2020 eng d00aToxicity Assessment of Vachellia karro (Hayne) Banfi and Galasso Pods using Brine Shrimp Assay0 aToxicity Assessment of Vachellia karro Hayne Banfi and Galasso P cFebruary 2020 a1-50 v123 a

Background and Objective: Vachellia karroo is widely used in folk medicine in the Eastern Cape Province South Africa, however, the pods are usually discarded as waste. This study evaluated the toxicity of acetone, hexane, aqueous and methanol extracts of Vachellia karroo pods using brine shrimp model. Materials and Methods: Different concentrations (0.0625-1 mg/mL) of the extracts were used to incubate the cysts and nauplii of brine shrimp (Artemia salina) to evaluate their effects on the hatching of the cyst and mortality of the nauplii respectively. The percentage of hatched cysts and Lethal Concentration (LC50) needed to kill 50% of the nauplii were recorded. Results: Successful hatching of the cysts was in order: Aqueous extract> methanol extract> hexane extract> acetone extract. The hatching of nauplii was in a concentration dependent fashion, with hatching success decreasing with increase in concentration of extracts. Conclusion: Lethality of extracts determined based on Meyers’ index of toxicity, revealed that acetone and hexane extracts of V. karroo were moderately toxic.

10aBrine shrimp10aCyst10aLethality10aNauplii10aToxicity10aVachellia karroo1 aMaposa, S1 aAfolayan, AJ1 aOtunola, GA uhttps://www.phcogj.com/article/1060