@article {1837, title = {Antioxidant Capacity and Potential as an Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitor in Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl Fruit Peel Ultrasonic Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {305-312}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {305}, abstract = {

Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl is native to the tropical region of Papua Island, Indonesia, and has traditionally been used as a herbal drink, either alone or in combination with other medicinal plants, to treat diseases such as cancer, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to obtain the fruit peel extract of Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl. through the application of ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) with variations in time and amplitude to produce optimal extraction conditions. The potential of the extract as an antioxidant using the cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) methods, and its potential as an antidiabetic through alpha glucosidase inhibition. The optimum extract selected was extract C (extraction time was 45 minutes and amplitude 60\%) with IC50 values for antioxidant activity in the CUPRAC method of 39.63 {\textpm} 0.009 mg/L and the FRAP method of 77.37 {\textpm} 0.8 mg/L, while the inhibition of alpha glucosidase was 0.45 {\textpm} 0.007 mg/L. It can be concluded that the ethanol extract of Phaleria macrocarpa fruit peel has the potential as a source of antioxidants and anti-diabetic.

}, keywords = {Alpha-glucosidase, Antidiabetic, Antioxidant, Phaleria macrocarpa (Scheff.) Boerl}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.100}, author = {Candra Irawan and Maman Sukiman and Ismail and Imalia Dwi Putri and Andita Utami and Andrean Nur Pratama and M. Ilham Kumala Zalni} } @article {1123, title = {Study of the Effect of Lampeni (Ardisia humilis Vahl.) Planting Condition toward the Alpha-glucosidase Inhibition Activity in vitro}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {March 2020}, pages = {377-385}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {377}, abstract = {

Background: The quality of a medicinal plant is influenced by agronomic conditions and harvesting time. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of planting method (openair (OA) and shedding house (SH)) and harvesting time (2, 4, 6 months) of Lampeni (Ardisia humilis Vahl.) toward the inhibitory activity of alpha-glucosidase. Methods: The Lampeni seedling were placed under controlled light conditions (SH) and on direct sun exposure (OA). Harvesting of the leaves was carried out at the age of 2, 4, and 6 months after plantation (2m, 4m, and 6m). Each leaves dry powder was refluxed with methanol 70\% and followed by liquid-liquid partition using n-hexane, ethyl acetate (EtOAc), and water. All samples were evaluated toward inhibition of the alpha-glucosidase enzyme in vitro. Total phenol levels were determined using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. Results: The results showed that EtOAc fractions of both plantation techniques exhibited the highest inhibition of alpha-glucosidase. The highest activity was demonstrated by the 4m-OA-EtOAc fraction (IC50, 93.50 ppm) and followed by the 6m-OA-EtOAc fraction (IC50, 98.13 ppm). Based on the kinetic study, the inhibition type of the two most active samples were categorized as a non-competitive type. Total phenolic contents were decreased in the following order: 6m-SH-EtOAc \> 4m-OA-EtOAc \> 6m-OAEtOAc \> 4m-SH-EtOAc fraction. It was shown that there was no positive correlation between the strength of inhibition with total phenolic content. Conclusions: This study concluded that Lampeni at open-air plantation harvested on fourth months demonstrated the highest alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity, although there was no positive correlation between the inhibition activity and phenolic content.

}, keywords = {Alpha-glucosidase, Ardisia humilis Vahl., Lampeni, Open-air, Shedding house, total phenolic}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.59}, author = {Sri Ningsih and Fifit Juniarti and Idah Rosidah and Adam Arditya Fajriawan and Kurnia Agustini and Syofi Rosmalawati and Agung Eru Wibowo and Erliana Sasikirana and Wahono Sumaryono} } @article {264, title = {Inhibition of Alpha-Glucosidase and Antioxidant Test of Stem Bark Extracts of Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {273-275}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {273}, abstract = {

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the global health emergencies that characterized by high blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). Type 2 DM is the most common type in diabetic populations. Inhibition of alphaglucosidase can ameliorate postprandial hyperglycemia that occurs in patients with type 2 DM. Adding antioxidants to the therapy of DM is intended to reduce complications caused by oxidative stress. Some species of Garcinia have been proven to inhibit alpha-glucosidase and have antioxidant activity, but there is no research on Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb. Therefore, the aims of this research were to determine the activity of Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb. stem bark in inhibiting alpha-glucosidase and as an antioxidant. Methods: In this research, the Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb. stem bark was dried, grinded, and extracted by multistage maceration using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol. Inhibition of alpha-glucosidase test has been done in vitro on concentrated extracts and measured by microplate reader at 400 nm. The antioxidant test has been done using DPPH scavenging method and was measured by microplate reader at 519 nm. Results: Ethyl acetate extract is the most active extract for both test. IC50 values for inhibition of alpha-glucosidase test are 20.18 \μg/mL that is more active than standard (acarbose) which has IC50 value 141.55 \μg/mL. Meanwhile, IC50 value from an antioxidant test is 8.93 \μg/mL that is not more active than standard (quercetin) which has IC50 value 2.51 \μg/mL. Conclusion: Phytochemical screening shows that the ethyl acetate extract contains alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, saponins, and tannins.

}, keywords = {Alpha-glucosidase, Antioxidant, DPPH, Garcinia fruticosa Lauterb. Stem bark, Phytochemical screening}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.2.46}, url = {http://phcogj.com/fulltext/313}, author = {Nusaibah Zahratunnisa and Berna Elya and Arikadia Noviani} }