@article {755, title = {Comparison between High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography and High Performance Liquid Chromatography Methods for Determination of Rubraxanthone in the Stem Bark Extract of Garcinia cowa Roxb}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {November 2018}, pages = {s42-s47}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s42}, abstract = {

Objectives: To develop simple, rapid, accurate methods for determination of rubraxanthone in the stem bark extract of Garcinia cowa using High Performance Thin Layer Chromatography (HPTLC) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Methods: The HPTLC method was performed on aluminum plate precoated with silica gel 60 F254 using Chloroform: Ethyl acetate: Methanol: Formic acid (88:2:2:8) as a developing system. Quantification was achieved using densitometric measurements at 243 nm. The HPLC method involved a 5 \μm C18 column and an isocratic solvent using 0.4\% formic acid: methanol (12:88) with a flow rate 1 mL minute-1. Quantitation was also achieved with ultraviolet detection at 243 nm based on peak area. All necessary validation tests for both methods were done for their comparison. The results obtained by these two different quantification methods were compared by Tukey\’s-test. Results: Both assays provided good linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity and limits of detection and quantitation for determination of rubraxanthone in The Stem Bark extract of G. cowa. Conclusion: Both methods revealed reasonable validation parameters concerning linearity, accuracy, precision, specificity and limits of detection and quantitation. A statistical comparison of the quantitative analysis of rubraxanthone in extract did not show any statistically significant difference between two analysis methods. As both methods were found to be equal, they therefore can be used for the analysis of rubraxanthone in the Stem Bark extract of G. cowa.

}, keywords = {Garcinia cowa Roxb, High Performance Liquid Chromatography, High performance Thin layer Chromatography, rubraxanthone}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6s.8}, author = {Meri Susanti and Sanusi Ibrahim and Yahdiana Harahap and Dachriyanus} } @article {226, title = {Anti-inflammatory activity of isolated compounds from the stem bark of Garcinia cowa Roxb}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2016}, pages = {55-57}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {55}, abstract = {

Objective: To find the anti inflammatory active compounds from methanol extract of Garcinia cowa. Methods: To evaluate the inhibitory activity of isolated compounds on nitric oxide (NO) production, culture media was assayed using Griess reaction. An equal volume of Griess reagent (1\% sulphanilamide and 0.1\% N-(L-naphthyl)-ethylene diamine dihydrochloride, dissolved in 2.5\% H3PO4) was mixed with culture supernatant and color development was measured at 550 nm using a micro plate reader. The amount of nitrite in the culture supernatant was calculated from a standard curve (0\–100 \μM) of sodium nitrite freshly prepared in deionized water. Percentage of the NO inhibition was calculated by using nitrate level of IFN-\γ/LPS-induced group as the control. Results: Isolated compounds, tetraprenyltoluquinone, rubraxanthone and \α-mangostin from stem bark of Garcinia cowa Roxb were evaluated for their anti-inflammatory activity. Only \α-mangostin exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity with 83.42 \% inhibition of NO and without inducing severe cytotoxicity at 50M. Rubraxanthone showed weak inhibition of NO with 23.86 \% inhibition of NO while maintained 77.32 \% of cell viability. TPTQ also showed the strong inhibition of NO with 80.98 \% inhibition but unfortunately this compound also induced severe cytotoxicity with 39.62\% viability. Conclusion: \α-Mangostin exhibited strong anti-inflammatory activity without inducing severe cytotoxicity at 50 M. Rubraxanthone showed weak inhibition of NO while Tetraprenyltoluquinone also showed the strong inhibition of NO however this compound also induced severe cytotoxicity.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Garcinia cowa, Nitric oxide, rubraxanthone, tetrapreniltoluquinone, α-mangostin}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.10}, author = {Fatma Sri Wahyuni and Daud Ahmad Israf Ali and Nordin Hj. Lajis and Dachriyanus} } @article {268, title = {Determination of Rubraxanthone in the Latex of Asam Kandis (Garcinia cowa Roxb) by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {February 2017}, pages = {288-291}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {288}, abstract = {

Context: Rubraxanthone is a major compound found in Garcinia cowa Roxb which has various biological activities. This compound is likely to be responsible for the pharmacological activities of this plant. The latex of this plant was one of the source of this compound. To prevent counterfeiting, it is essential to develop a method of analysis to determine the levels of these compounds in the latex of G. cowa. Aims: To develop and validated a reverse phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) technique for determination of rubraxanthone in the latex of G. cowa. Settings and Design: RP-HPLC analysis. Methods and Material: The sample was powdered and dissolve in methanol and then subjected to Reverse Phase High Performace Liquid Chromatoraphy (RP-HPLC). Separation was carried out in a reversed-phase column Shimadzu Shimp-pack VP\–ODS (4.6 x 250 mm). The elution was performed with isocratic solvent using formic acid 0.4 \% v/v in methanol (15:85) with a flow rate 1 ml/minute. The solvents used for the mobile phase were filtered through membrane filter (0.45 mm pore size) and degassed before use. Total running time was 20 minutes and the sample injection volume of injection was 20 ml. While the wavelength of the UV-VIS detector was set at 243.2 nm. Results: The detection and the quantitation limits of rubraxanthone were 1.119 mg/mL and 3.731 \μg/mL, respectively. A regression analysis was performed, with the observation of good linearity (r = 0.998). The values obtained for precision and accuracy determination are in agreement with ICH guidelines. It was found that rubraxanthone in dichloromethane extract of latex G. cowa was 56.56\%. Conclusions: The results demonstrated that the developed method is a reliable HPLC technique for determination of rubraxanthone in the latex of G. cowa.

}, keywords = {Counterfeiting, Isocratic method, Latex of Garcinia cowa Roxb, RP-HPLC, rubraxanthone, Standarization}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.2.50}, url = {http://phcogj.com/fulltext/317}, author = {Dachriyanus and Nova Susanti Asjar and Meri Susanti} }