@article {2213, title = {Phytochemical Screening, Thin Layer Chromatography and Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy Analysis of Eleutherine Bulbous (Mill.) Urb Bulb Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {88-93}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {88}, abstract = {

Background: Many traditional medicinal plants were studied for their phytochemical components. Dayak onions (Eleutherine bulbous (Mill.) Urb) is one of traditional medicinal plant in Indonesia. Analysis of the phytochemical compounds in the extract of the plant would help in determining various biological activities of the plant. Objective: This study was primarily aimed to identify the phytochemical profile of Dayak onions extract and its fractions. Methods: The Dayak onion bulbs were collected from Pancur Batu District, North Sumatra Province, Indonesia. Multiple solvents used to for extraction and analysis of phytochemical compound by chemical reactions, thin layer chromatography (TLC) profiling, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometer (FTIR) profiling. Results: The phytochemical screening of Dayak onions ethanol extract showed it contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides, tannins, and triterpenes/ steroids. The n-hexane fraction contained flavonoids and triterpenes/steroids, while the ethyl acetate fraction contains flavonoids and glycosides. The water fraction contained alkaloids, flavonoids, glycosides and tannins. By TLC profiling, the bioactive compounds in ethanol extract of the Dayak onion contain steroids, tannins, flavonoids and alkaloids. The bioactive compound in ethyl acetate fraction contains steroids, tannins, triterpenes, flavonoids and glycosides. The bioactive compound in n-hexan fraction contains steroids. The bioactive compound in water fraction fraction contains steroids and tannins. The FTIR demonstrated the presence of C-H alkanes, =C-H alkenes (aliphatic), C-O alcohol, ether, esters and carboxy acid in the ethanol extract, en-hexan fractions and ethyl acetate fractions. Conclusion: The phytochemical qualitative profiling showed that Dayak onion bulb as a rich source of bioactive compounds and have medicinal potential as therapeutic agent. A higher content of bioactive compounds of Dayak onion bulbs found in the ethanol and ethyl acetate extracts. The FTIR demonstrated the presence of C-H alkanes, =C-H alkenes (aliphatic), C-O alcohol, ether, esters and carboxy acid in the ethanol extract, enhexan fractions and ethyl acetate fractions.

}, keywords = {Dayak onion, Eleutherine bulbous, Extract, Fraction, FTIR, TLC}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.12}, author = {Lokot Donna Lubis and Muhammad Fidel Ganis Siregar and Farhat and Iqbal Pahlevi Adeputra Nasution and Dedy Syahrizal and Kamal Basri Siregar and Putri Chairani Eyanoer and Ichwanul Adenin and Muhammad Rusda and Mustafa M. Amin} } @article {1692, title = {Compound Analysis and Genetic Study of Selected Plectranthus scutellarioides Varieties from Indonesia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {November 2021}, pages = {1516-1526}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1516}, abstract = {

Background: Plectranthus scutellarioides is one of medicinal plants in Indonesia, which has several hundred varieties but only one is known by local people as medicine. Objective: Six varieties of Plectranthus scutellarioides were analyzed for their total flavonoid content, chemical compound, and moleculer genetic. Methods: TFCs were analyzed using AlCl3 colorimetric method, chemical compounds were identified using TLC-scanning densitometer, GC-MS, and FTIR, moleculer genetic were observed using DNA barcoding rbcL gene. Results: The TFCs of trailing psycholeus, and flamingo varieties were higher than the other varieties. TLC-scanner densitometer showed that color blaze dark star, trailing psycholeus, and trailing queen had similar profiles, as did beale street, trailing rose, and flamingo. The GCMS results showed notable difference in trailing psycholeus and trailing queen which have 2-oleoylglycerol and 9(E),11(E)-conjugated linoleic acid in larger amounts than others, respectively. Multivariate analysis of the FTIR spectra showed the closeness of all varieties, except for beale street which had the lowest similarity with the others. Despite that, genetic studies using the rbcL gene and comparing the results with the P. scutellarioides gene in the database (MW538954.1) showed beale street was the most similar (99.52\%). The phylogenetic analysis showed that beale street and trailing psycholeus have the highest similarity among others. Conclusions: There is a slight difference in chemical composition between varieties as well as the genetic. Therefore, quality control or standardisation is needed in the use of this plant as a traditional medicine.

}, keywords = {Coleus scutellarioides, Densitometer, Flavonoid, FTIR, GC-MS, RbcL.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.193}, author = {Ayun Dwi Astuti and Awaluddin Iwan Perdana and Rosdiana Natzir and Muhammad Nasrum Massi and Subehan and Gemini Alam} } @article {1313, title = {Screening of Phytochemical Analysis and In vitro Bioactive of Polyherbal Formulation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {November 2020}, pages = {1525-1533}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1525}, abstract = {

Introduction: Plants have the capability to synthesize various forms of phytochemical compounds as secondary metabolites. Method: In the present investigation phytochemicals such as alkaloids, tannins, glycosides, carbohydrates, reducing sugar, proteins, saponins, flavanoids, phenols, terpenoids and phytosterols were detected in polyherbal formulation A. marmelos, G. glabra and R. centrifolia. Results: The Total flavonoid, steroids, alkaloids and phenolic content was observed from fruit, root and pettles1.40mg QE/g DE, 12.14mg BE/g DE, 14.40mg AE/g DE and 99.33mg GAE/g DE. FTIR spectrum of the polyherbal sample revealed 5 major peaks at 2919.40 cm-1, 2357.62 cm-1, 1150.56 cm-1, 1076.22 cm-1 and 1015.64 cm-1. The antibacterial activity was maximum zone of inhibition (19 mm) was recorded in S. aureus strain and minimum zone of inhibition (5mm) was observed in S.mutans strain. The antioxidant study maximum and minimum scavenging DPPH, NOR, H2O2 and SOD activities (\%) of 62.28, 53.68, 39.67 \& 43.98 at 5 mg/ml and 39.88, 36.49, 5.9 and 34.94 at 1mg/ml was recorded. The polyherbal sample exhibited significant albumin denaturation, proteinase inhibitory, membrane stabilization and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activities as the maximum inhibition of 46.53\%, 36.7\%, 51.9\% and 64.71\% was observed at 500 μg/ml. Conclusion: Hence the present studies indicate good antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities from the medicinal plants, A. marmelos, G. glabra and R. centrefolia proves the possibility of its utilization as an additional potent source medicinal uses.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, FTIR, HR-LCMS, Phyto chemical, Secondary metabolites}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.209}, author = {Vasanth MP and KG Purushotham} } @article {545, title = {Structural Elucidation of Peanut, Sunflower and Gingelly Oils by Using FTIR and 1H NMR Spectroscopy}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {June 2018}, pages = {753-757}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {753}, abstract = {

Aims: The present study focused on FTIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopic methods to assign structural connectivity and purity of the oils. Methods: Non-destructive Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy techniques are used to assign the structural confirmation of the triacylglyceride (TAG) functional component in three different oils namely Sunflower, Peanut, and Gingelly oils respectively. Results: FTIR spectrum shows a very high intense band at 1744 cm-1 associated with the existence of the ester carbonyl functional group (O-C=O) and very weak shoulder peak of cis double-bond (C=C) stretching was noticed at \∼1655 cm-1. In 1H-NMR spectrum shows well resolved chemical shift values in the range 5.3-0.8 ppm corresponding to characteristic group in aliphatic region. Conclusion: Each distinct peak was determined based on chemical shift as well as splitting pattern values. For olefin signal as triplet, tertiary methine protons as singlet, well separated oxymethylene seen as triplet at ~4.2 ppm owing to presence of high electronegative oxygen atom connected to methylene chain gives more deshielding effect. As for bis-allylic, \α-carbonyl methylene, \β-carbonyl methylene, allylic, saturated methylene along with terminal methyl proton signals are noticed in the span of 2.3-0.8 ppm. A remarkable feature of the spectra is well resolved chemical shift values is clearly support presence of longer hydrocarbon chains. Absence of multiplet coupling peaks and disappearance of signals in down shield region \> 5.4 ppm confirms the absence of trans stereoisomer (E-conformation), aromatic and heterocyclic epoxide compounds.

}, keywords = {1H-NMR, FTIR, TAG, Unsaturation, WHO, Z-Conformation}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.4.126}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/664}, author = {Veeraprakash Bathini and Suresh Kumar Kalakandan and Muthukumaran Pakkirisamy and Karthikeyen Ravichandran} } @article {1477, title = {Evaluation of Phytoconstituents of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit by UV-Visible Spectroscopy and FTIR analysis}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {09th Mar, 2015}, pages = {165-170}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {165}, abstract = {

Objectives: To Investigate the phytochemicals present in Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit. Methodology: Qualitative, Quantitative screening, Compound Identification by UV-Visible method and identification of functional group of the active chemical components were followed by standard procedures. Result: The results showed the presence of phytonutrients like reducing sugar, terpenoids, triterpenoids, aminoacids, anthroquinone, polyphenols, glycosides, anthocyanins, tannins, coumarins, emodins, saponins, total alkaloids, total flavonoids, lignin and serpentine. These substances may be responsible for the health related properties of the plant which are based on antioxidant,anticancer, antipyretic, antiaphoretic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammation, antiheamatisum, antimicrobial and antiviral activity. Conclusion: This study supports the popular use of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit in preparation of various pharmaceutical formulations for human welfare.

Key words: Bryonia laciniosa, FTIR, Phytochemical screening, Phytonutrients, UV-Vis.

}, keywords = {Bryonia laciniosa, FTIR, Phytochemical screening, Phytonutrients, UV-Vis.}, author = {Ramya Bashyam and Malarvili Thekkumalai and Velavan Sivanandham} } @article {48, title = {Evaluation of Phytoconstituents of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit by UV-Visible Spectroscopy and FTIR analysis}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, pages = {165-170}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {165}, abstract = {

Objectives: To Investigate the phytochemicals present in Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit. Methodology: Qualitative, Quantitative screening, Compound Identification by UV-Visible method and identification of functional group of the active chemical components were followed by standard procedures. Result: The results showed the presence of phytonutrients like reducing sugar, terpenoids, triterpenoids, aminoacids, anthroquinone, polyphenols, glycosides, anthocyanins, tannins, coumarins, emodins, saponins, total alkaloids, total flavonoids, lignin and serpentine. These substances may be responsible for the health related properties of the plant which are based on antioxidant, anticancer, antipyretic, antiaphoretic, antidiabetic, anti-inflammation, antiheamatisum, antimicrobial and antiviral activity. Conclusion: This study supports the popular use of Bryonopsis laciniosa fruit in preparation of various pharmaceutical formulations for human welfare.

}, keywords = {Bryonia laciniosa, FTIR, Phytochemical screening, Phytonutrients, UV-Vis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2015.3.4}, author = {Ramya Bashyam and Malarvili Thekkumalai and Velavan Sivanandham} }