@article {2146, title = {Analysis of the Impact of Heat Stress on Embryo Development of Broiler: A Literature Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {964-968}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {964}, abstract = {

Temperature is an important factor in embryonic development because temperature plays a role in determining the overall development of the embryo. The effect of high temperature on the embryo will cause the embryo to make a defense by diverting some of its energy to form thermal homeostasis, which is a physiological response. The purpose of this study was to analyze heat stress on embryonic development. This study used a systematic literature review (SLR) following PRISMA guidelines and gathered the sample of papers through the PubMed databases using keywords categorized as heat, stress, and embryo. There were 31 papers used as samples. The result showed that hyperthermia in chickens caused an increase in heart rate per minute as a result of temperature pressure. It affects the hatching percentage, hatching time, weight, and mortality rate in chicken embryos. In summary, heat stress has an impact on embryonic development heat stress gives an impact on the development of embryos.

}, keywords = {Chicken, Embryo Development, Food security, Health risk, Heat Stress.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.179}, author = {Maslichah Mafruchati and Nor Hayati Othman and Akhmad Kusuma Wardhana} } @article {2050, title = {Effectiveness of Ketapang (Terminalia cattapa L.) Extract Against Avian Pathogenic Eschericia coli (APEC) Infections in Layer Performance}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {June 2023}, pages = {417-422}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {417}, abstract = {

This study aimed to determine the activity of Ketapang extract (Terminalia cattapa L.) in layers infected with APEC. In vitro study that was conducted dilution methods using Ketapang extract at 5\%, 10\%, 15\%, 20\%, 25\% and 30\% concentrations. In vivo study was conducted by randomly dividing 20 layers into five treatment groups, four per group. The chickens (except in group P0-) were infected with APEC aged 24 weeks. Then, the treatment was conducted according to the divided groups in one week. The said treatments are P0- (uninfected APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), P0+ (infected with APEC and unadministered with Ketapang extract), and P1, P2, and P3 (infected with APEC and administered with Ketapang extract with 5\%, 10\%, and 20\% concentrations, respectively). The data from layers{\textquoteright} performance were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan{\textquoteright}s test. The dilution method (MIC and MBC) exhibited the antibacterial ability of Ketapang extract against APEC at 5\% dose. The Ketapang extract administration in layers exhibited improved performance of chickens infected with APEC, with the administration of 10\% dose of Ketapang extract showing the best result. In summary, about 10\% concentration Ketapang extract can serve as an antibacterial agent and showed the best results in layers infected with APEC.

}, keywords = {Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli., Food security, Layer chicken performance, Terminalia cattapa L.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.94}, author = {Kadek Rachmawati and Rochmah Kurnijasanti and Emy Koestanti Sabdoningrum and Sin War Naw} }