@article {2261, title = {Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Diarrhea in Infants Aged 7-14 Months in Puskesmas Alak Kupang City}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {388-392}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {388}, abstract = {

Diarrhea is a disease characterized by changes in the consistency of stools to liquid accompanied by an increase in the frequency of defecation more than usual \> 3 times / day accompanied by changes, with or without blood and or mucus. Factors that cause diarrheal disease are infections, infections can be caused by bacteria, parasites and viruses. Busy parents often pay less attention to health and the impact of an unhealthy environment. The three children have digestive problems, which are still considered a habit and can be cured without having to go to a health facility. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence the incidence of diarrheal disease in infants aged 7-12 months at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a case control design. The population in this study was divided into case populations, namely all infants aged 7-12 months totaling 137 infants and controls were infants aged 7-12 months who did not experience diarrhea totaling 8,868 infants. Determination of the size of the control sample using a ratio of 1:1 with the case sample so that the number of control samples is the same as the case sample, namely 37 infants and the total sample is 74 infants. The sampling technique is simple random sampling. Analysis of the data used is the chisquare test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship with a history of premature birth (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 3.434), low birth weight (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 4.563), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.015 with an odds value ratio = 3.434), immunization status (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.265) and history of allergies (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.083) with the incidence of diarrheal disease at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. Suggestions that health center health workers need to be able to increase prevention efforts from an early age by approaching the community and providing concrete education related to the incidence of diarrhea.

}, keywords = {BBLR, Diarrhea, Exclusive Breastfeeding and Immunization Status, Premature}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.60}, author = {Deviarbi Sakke Tira and Sonyalin Buifena and Sigit Purnawan and Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni and Marni Marni and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {1957, title = {Evaluation of Antidiarrheal, Antispasmodic, and Antisecretory Activities of Extract and Fractions of Castanopsis costata Leaves in Animal Models}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {March 2023}, pages = {31-37}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {31}, abstract = {

Background: The use of traditional medicinal plants Castanopsis costata in the management of diarrhea is an ancient practice in North Sumatra, Indonesia, but its safety and efficacy have not been examined scientifically in animal models. Therefore, this study aims to determine the antidiarrheal effect of C. costata leaf extract and fractions in vivo. Methods: The antidiarrheal activity was evaluated against animal models of diarrhea induced by castor oil, charcoal meal, and entero-pooling test. The extract group received doses of 25, 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg, while the fraction groups was treated with WFCC, EAFCC, and nHFCC, in doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively. The negative control received 10 mL/kg of the dissolving vehicle, while the positive was treated with loperamide 3 mg/kg. Results: The results showed that EECC doses of 200 mg/kg, WFCC, and EAFCC at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively significantly delayed the onset of diarrhea, while WFCC and EAFCC at 100 mg/kg significantly reduced the amount of wet feces output and total feces output. In addition, only WFCC and EAFCC (at 50 and 100 mg/kg, respectively) significantly reduced the mean weight of wet feces and total feces. The percentage of maximum diarrhea inhibition was observed at the EAFCC dose of 100 mg/kg. Based on the charcoal meal test results, only EAFCC significantly inhibited the distance traveled by charcoal meal and reduced the peristaltic index at a dose of 100 mg/kg, while the percentage decrease in gastrointestinal motility was 46.87\%. Similarly, in the entero-pooling test, WFCC and EAFCC significantly reduced the volume and weight of intestinal contents at a dose of 100 mg/kg, respectively. Conclusion: The results confirm that the extract and fractions of C. costata have antidiarrheal activity. Therefore, this study provides scientific support for the traditional use of C. costata in treating diarrhea.

}, keywords = {Animal models, Castanopsis costata, Diarrhea, North Sumatra., Traditional medicine}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.5}, author = {Maulana Yusuf Alkandahri and Mally Ghinan Sholih and Nitya Nurul Fadilah and Maya Arfania and Surya Amal and Dedy Frianto and Lina Aliyani Mardiana and Diany Astuti and Dadang Muhammad Hasyim} } @article {2156, title = {Factors Affecting the Occurrence of Diarrhea in Infants Aged 7-12 Months in Puskesmas Alak Kupang City}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1024-1028}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1024}, abstract = {

Diarrhea is a disease characterized by changes in the consistency of stools to liquid accompanied by an increase in the frequency of defecation more than usual \> 3 times / day accompanied by changes, with or without blood and or mucus. Factors that cause diarrheal disease are infections, infections can be caused by bacteria, parasites and viruses. Busy parents often pay less attention to health and the impact of an unhealthy environment. The three children have digestive problems, which are still considered a habit and can be cured without having to go to a health facility. The purpose of this study was to identify and analyze the factors that influence the incidence of diarrheal disease in infants aged 7-12 months at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. The type of research used is an analytical survey with a case control design. The population in this study was divided into case populations, namely all infants aged 7-12 months totaling 137 infants and controls were infants aged 7-12 months who did not experience diarrhea totaling 8,868 infants. Determination of the size of the control sample using a ratio of 1:1 with the case sample so that the number of control samples is the same as the case sample, namely 37 infants and the total sample is 74 infants. The sampling technique is simple random sampling. Analysis of the data used is the chisquare test. The results showed that there was a significant relationship with a history of premature birth (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 3.434), low birth weight (p-value = 0.015 with an odds ratio = 4.563), exclusive breastfeeding (p-value = 0.015 with an odds value ratio = 3.434), immunization status (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.265) and history of allergies (p-value = 0.004 with odds ratio = 4.083) with the incidence of diarrheal disease at the Alak Health Center, Kupang City. Suggestions that health center health workers need to be able to increase prevention efforts from an early age by approaching the community and providing concrete education related to the incidence of diarrhea.

}, keywords = {BBLR, Diarrhea, Exclusive breastfeeding, Immunization Status, Premature}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.188}, author = {Deviarbi Sakke Tira and Sonyalin Buifena and Sigit Purnawan and Maria Magdalena Dwi Wahyuni and Marni Marni and Anwar Mallongi} }