@article {1806, title = {Efficacy of Probiotic on Duodenal TNF-α Expression and the Histological Findings in the Liver and Lung in Animal Model Canine Coronavirus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {June 2022}, pages = {591-597}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {591}, abstract = {

Currently, Canine coronavirus (CCoV) is an enteric pathogen of the Alphacoronavirus-1 species that causes mild to severe diarrhea in puppies. The pathogenesis of this infection will cause severe lymphopenia and lead to death in puppies. This study aimed to determine the administration of probiotics on TNF-α expression, histological findings of the liver and lung in mice infected with CCoV. A total of 28 mice were randomly assigned into seven treatment groups, i.e. (C-) placebo; (C+) active CCoV vaccine induction; (T1) CCov + Isopronosin; (T2) CCoV + Lactobacillus acidophilus probiotic; (T3) CCoV + Lactobacillus Acidophylus and Bifidobacterium probiotics; (T4) CCoV + colustrum fermentation probiotic; (T5) CCoV + ginger, turmeric and ginger probiotics. Thereafter, the expression of TNF-α in the duodenum was stained using immunohistochemistry, liver and lung were stained using hematoxylin eosin. The data were analyzed using the ANOVA test followed by the Tukey test with a significance level (p\<0.05). TNF-α expression on T4 and T5 decreased significantly (p\<0.05) compared to C+, T1, T2 and T3. Histologic findings of the liver in the C- and T4 groups showed normal features in the central vein. On the other hand, glycogen accumulation was found in hepatocyte cells, hemorrhage with sinusoid dilation, lymphocyte infiltration in centro lobular area in group C+. Lung histology showed normal features of sinusoids and alveolar septa in groups C- and T4. Meanwhile, intra-alveolar hemorrhage was found with neutrophil cell infiltration and fibrin plasma accumulation in group C+. In conclusion, colostrum fermentation probiotics can reduce TNF-α expression in the duodenum and improve the liver and lung physiology in mice infected with CCoV.

}, keywords = {Biodiversity, Canine coronavirus, Liver, Lung, Probiotic, TNF-α.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.76}, author = {Iwan Sahrial Hamid and Juni Ekowati and Rondius Solfaine and Shekhar Chhetri and Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama} } @article {1712, title = {In silico Study on the Promising Active Components of Terpenoid and Fucoidon from Sargassum sp. in Inhibiting CGRP and TNF-α}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {December 2021}, pages = {1715-1719}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1715}, abstract = {

Introduction: The new discovery of the active substance in Sargassum sp marks the new era for drug industry as it is very effective as the new migraine medication compared to analgesics which have already been popular previously in treating migraine. By using the in silico methods, this study intended to identify the preventive effect of the active substance in Sargassum sp within the stage of pain and inflammation development in migraine. In migraine pathophysiology, the clinical findings would build and verify the role of CGRP and TNF-α. Methods: This research applied a one-shot experimental study and by employing the potential test through PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/), the result of this study proved that tannins, terpenoids and fucoidone were contained in the active substance of Sargassum sp leading to the possession of potential as the drug to treat migraine. Results: Terpenoids and tannin binding affinity value is higher than other substances. Terpenoids and fucoidon had similar amino acid residues with controls. Seaweed metabolites have great potential as inhibitors of CGRP and TNF-α because the binding affinity score is close to control. Conclusion: The active substance in Sargassum sp has an inhibitory effect on the occurrence of CGRP and TNF-α in migraine based on in silico studies.

}, keywords = {CGRP, Fucoidone, in silico, Sargassum sp., Terpenoid, TNF-α.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.221}, author = {Olivia Mahardani Adam and Jusak Nugraha and Mohammad Hasan Machfoed and Agus Turchan} }