@article {2012, title = {Complete Blood Profile after administration of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract in capsule form}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {April 2023}, pages = {375-383}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {375}, abstract = {

Pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) has been studied as an immunostimulant, increasing macrophage cell activity and phagocytosis capacity. Based on that circumstance, the study aims to prove the immunostimulating effect by measuring the activity of Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract in the capsule for the complete blood profile of healthy volunteers. The number of volunteers used was twenty people, and the volunteers were divided into two groups. The first group was given a placebo capsule without Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract. The second group was given a capsule with Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract with a dose of 67 mg, which was taken once a day for three days. Blood sampling was obtained before and after taking the capsule preparation. Observation of the complete blood profile was conducted by investigating changes in blood parameters such as haemoglobin levels, number of erythrocytes, number of leukocytes, hematocrit values, number of thrombocytes and the percentage of leukocyte types (banded neutrophils, segmented neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes). The second group given Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract showed a significant effect on the increase in haemoglobin levels, number of thrombocytes and hematocrit values (p\<0.05). The percentage of leukocyte type values showed that lymphocytes increased significantly (p\<0.05). In contrast, the segmented neutrophil increased but did not show a significant difference with the percentage of banded neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and monocytes (p\>0.05). There was a nonsignificant result in all parameters for the first group, which was administrated with a placebo capsule without Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam. extract.

}, keywords = {Banded neutrophil, Basophils, Eosinophils, erythrocytes, Haematology, Haemoglobin, Hematocrit, Hydrocotile sibthorpioides Lam., Immunostimulants, Leukocytes, Lymphocyte, Monocytes, Segmented neutrophil, Thrombocytes.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.58}, author = {Afriwardi and Adrul Fauzan and Salman Umar and Yufri Aldi} } @article {2165, title = {Immunomodulatory and Acute Toxicity Tests of Rhizome Ethanol Extract of Etlingera Flexuosa Poulsen (Zingiberaceae) on Male Mice (Mus Musculus)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1077-1083}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1077}, abstract = {

Introduction: Immunomodulators are molecules of synthetic or biological origin that help to regulate the immune system. Many studies have focuses on exploring for phytochemical compounds that used as immunomodulatory properties in Indonesia, as well as in Sulawesi. The immunomodulatory activity of rhizome extract of E. flexuosa, an endemic flowering plant of Sulawesi on male mice were studied. Methods: 25 male mice (Mus musculus) used were randomly divided into 5 groups and Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) was used as inducer. The negative control group was given 0.5\% Na-CMC (Carboxymethyl Cellulosa Sodium), positive control group was given stimuno{\textregistered} and treatment groups were an ethanol extract of E. flexuosa with successive doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg body weight (BW) respectively. Each group was given the preparation orally for 7 days and on the 8th day the test animals were induced by Staphylococcus aureus bacteria intraperitoneally. The mice were dissected and the peritoneal fluid was taken to determine the activity of the macrophage cells. Meanwhile, Thomson and Weil method was used to study the acute toxicity test and determine the lethal dose 50 (LD50). Results: The percentage of macrophage activity in each group of negative control, positive control, extract doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg/kg BW respectively were 40.40\%, 82.65\%, 53.05\%, 69.38\% and 82.06\%. Based on the results obtained, it was shown that the E. flexuosa rhizome extract has an optimum dose of 800 mg/kg BW, which was not significantly different from the positive control. Meanwhile, the symptoms of toxicity began to appear from a dose of 600 mg/kg BW to a dose of 2400 mg/kg BW including decreased motor activity, tremor, ataxia, lids and writhing. LD50 expressed in LD50 within the criteria of being practically non-toxic. Conclusions: The E. flexuosa rhizome ethanolic extract showed the immunomodulatory activity at optimum dose of 800 mg/kg BW by the increasing of macrophage phagocytosis activity. Moreover, the extract was also practically non-toxic based on LD50 value.

}, keywords = {Etlingera flexuosa, Immunomodulators, Immunostimulants, Lethal Dose 50, Macrophages, Phagocytosis, Toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.197}, author = {Ramadanil Pitopang and Nadhirah Nur Azizah Lubis and Mifthahul Jannah Tahapary Zubair and Puti Andalusia Sarigando Banilai and Nurhaeni and Ihwan} } @article {1684, title = {Immunostimulant Activity of Pegagan Embun Herbs Extract (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam.) With Carbon Clearance Method Towards Male White Mice}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {November 2021}, pages = {1472-1477}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1472}, abstract = {

Pegagan embun (Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides L.) has been used traditionally to cure various diseases such as anti-inflammatory, neutralizing toxins, dysentery, and others. This study aims to determine the immunostimulant effect of pegagan embun herbs extract using the carbon clearance method, the number, and the percentage of leukocyte cells. In this study, 25 male white mice were used, which were divided into five groups, groups 1, 2, and 3 given pegagan embun herbs extract in a dose of 10 mg/kgbw; 50 mg/ kgbw; 200 mg/kgbw, group 4 was given 0,5\% Na CMC, and group 5 were given stimuno 50 mg/kgbw. The preparation is given orally for seven consecutive days. On the eighth day, the phagocytosis index, number, and percentage of leukocyte cells were determined. The results showed that pegagan embun herbs extract has immunostimulant activity. The phagocytosis index of the 10 mg/kgbw dose group is 1.0211, 1.27796 for the 50 mg/kgbw, and 1.5250 for the 200 mg/kgbw. Then, the number of leukocytes of the 10, 500, and 200 mg/kgbw are 8.820/μL, 9.906/μL, and 10.790/μL, respectively. The percentage of lymphocyte cells are 58,5\%, 60,6\% and 62,8\%, and for segment neutrophil cells were 26\%, 27,6\% and 30\% for group 10, 50, and 200 mg/kgbw extract. Based on the results, that the pegagan embun herbs extract has immunostimulant activity against male white mice.

}, keywords = {Carbon clearance, Eosinophil, Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides Lam., Immunostimulants, Leukocyte, Lymphocytes, Neutrophil}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.187}, author = {Afriwardi and Afdhila Fitri and Elidahanum Husni and Elsa Badriyya and Yufri Aldi} }