@article {1413, title = {Effect of Soybean on Bone Health and Some Metabolic Parameters in Postmenopausal Egyptian Women}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {May 2021}, pages = {688-697}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {688}, abstract = {

Introduction: Great concern has been raised recently concerning the therapeutic impact of soybean. The present study aims to investigate the effects of soybean on bone health and metabolic parameters in postmenopausal women. Methods: In this clinical study, 72 healthy postmenopausal women aged between 45-65 years were given soybean bioactive fraction 2 capsules (500mg each) daily for 24 weeks. Each capsule contained 31.25 mg proteins, 3.2 mg carbohydrates and 4.84 mg isoflavones. Blood pressure, bone mineral density, plasma osteocalcin (OCN), telopeptides of collagen type I (CTX), fasting insulin and blood glucose, lipid profile, serum creatinine, alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), and TSH were assessed prior and after the period of the study. Insulin resistance was calculated by homeostatic model assessment-IR formula (HOMA-IR). Results: Soy ingestion resulted in a significant increase in T score of the hip and OCN; recording -1.97{\textpm}0.13/-1.76{\textpm}0.12 and 22.44{\textpm}0.60ng/ml/30.93{\textpm}0.57ng/ml before/after treatment, respectively. A marked decrease was also detected in CTX from 2.22{\textpm}0.10ng/ml to 1.48{\textpm}0.08ng/ml. With regard to metabolic parameters, there was a significant decrease in fasting insulin (5.40{\textpm}0.62uU/ml vs 4.15{\textpm}0.45uU/ ml), however, fasting glucose and HOMA-IR showed no significant alterations. Lipid profile displayed remarkable decline in total cholesterol (188.86{\textpm}7.23mg/dl vs 159.60{\textpm}4.72mg/dl, triglycerides (97.09{\textpm}5.23mg/dl vs 83.56{\textpm}4.27mg/dl), LDL-c (75.60{\textpm}3.06mg/dl vs 63.95{\textpm}1.86mg/ dl) accompanied with a significant elevation in HDL-c (53.09{\textpm}0.88 vs 65.81mg/dl{\textpm}0.80mg/ dl). A significant decrease in both TSH (1.97{\textpm}0.13 uIU/ml vs 1.40{\textpm}0.08 uIU/ml) and serum creatinine (0.82{\textpm}0.02mg/dl vs0.77{\textpm}0.02mg/dl) was also noticed. Conclusion: Consumption of soy improves bone health, reduces cardiovascular risk with no adverse effects on kidney, liver or thyroid functions.

}, keywords = {Bone health, Bone mineral density, Hypocholesterolemic effect, Insulin resistance, Metabolic parameters, Soybean}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.88}, author = {Mouchira Abdel Salam and Hala M. Raslan and Doha A. Mohamed and Aliaa Elgendy and Rehab A. Hussein and Omneya Moguib and Maha Abdelhadi and Rokia Abd El-Shafy Soliman El-Banna and Karem Fouda and Safenaz Y. El Sherity and Emad N. Zikri and Nagwa M. Ammar} } @article {1657, title = {In Vivo Antimammary Tumor Effects of Soybean Extract with Targeted Lunasin (ET-Lun)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {September 2021}, pages = {1269-1276}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1269}, abstract = {

Background/Objective: Lunasin is a peptide, consist of 44 amino acids which have anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory activity. The price of commercial Lunasin was very expensive due to the high cost of lunasin synthesis and the lack of methods to obtain the pure lunasin weight from plant sources, involving time-consuming analytical instruments. To overcome these problems, the soybean extract with targeted Lunasin (ET-Lun) was made. The aim of this study was to investigate anti-cancer properties of ET-Lun in breast cancer models in vivo. Methods: Effect of ET-Lun was evaluated in 7,12-Dimetilbenz[a]antrasen (DMBA) induced breast cancer rat model. Tumor Mass, volume, and number were measured. The expression of HER2 and EGFR from each treatment group in DMBA-induced rat was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. Results: The results shown that ET-Lun could reduced tumor volume (p=0,021). ET-Lun decreased EGFR expression compared to negative control DMBA (p=0,012). Conclusions: These results indicated that the ET-Lun has anti-breast cancer activity in vivo.

}, keywords = {Breast cancer, EGFR, HER2, In-vivo, Soybean}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.160}, author = {Numlil Khaira Rusdi and Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih and Andon Hestiantoro and Berna Elya and Kusmardi Kusmardi} } @article {1673, title = {Subchronic Toxicity of Lunasin Targeted Extract (ET-Lun) from Soybean Seed (Glycine max (L.) Merr.): Perspective from Liver Histopathology, SGOT, and SGPT Levels in Sprague Dawley Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {November 2021}, pages = {1384-1388}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1384}, abstract = {

Background: Lunasin Targeted Extract (ET-Lun) has a pharmacology effect in inhibiting inflammation by decreasing COX-2 and iNOS expression. ET-Lun could increase apoptosis and decrease dysplasia (p \> 0,05). In addition, ET-Lun could decrease EGFR expression in breast cancer rats. The acute toxicity showed ET-Lun has LD50 more than 5000 mg/kg BW and was practically non-toxic. Objective: this study aimed to determine the subchronic toxicity of ET-Lun. Methods: Male and female Sprague Dawley rats (n=40) were divided into 4 groups, the control group and treatment group ET-Lun dose of 250 mg/Kg BW, 500 mg/kg BW, and 750 mg/kg BW. The ET-Lun was administered for 90 days. On the 91st day, the animals were dissected and examined for SGOT-SGPT levels, liver histopathology, and diameter of the central vein. Results: The SGOT-SGPT levels showed no significant difference between the treatment group and the control group (p \> 0.05). On microscopic observation, there was no change or damage to the liver of rats in each group. The diameter of the central vein of the rat liver shows no significant difference between the control and treatment groups. Conclusion: The ET-Lun does not produce adverse effects in liver rats after subchronic treatment.

}, keywords = {Liver, Lunasin, SGOT, SGPT, Soybean, Subchronic Toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.175}, author = {Numlil Khaira Rusdi and Weri Lia Yuliana and Erni Hernawati Purwaningsih and Andon Hestiantoro and Kusmardi Kusmardi} }