@article {1766,
	title = {Potential of Stem Cells in Overcoming Infertility Problems in Women},
	journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal},
	volume = {14},
	year = {2022},
	month = {April 2022},
	pages = {296-300},
	type = {Original Article},
	chapter = {296},
	abstract = {<p class="rtejustify">Stem cells are characterized as cells with undifferentiated kinds that have the ability to differentiate into a variety of various cell types in response to the environment in which they are growing and develop (niche). Stem cells are classified into three broad categories based on their origin: extra-embryonic stem cells, which are derived from the amniotic fluid, umbilical cord and placenta; adult stem cells, which are derived from adult tissues such as blood, fat, bone marrow and skin; and embryonic stem cells, which are derived from the blastocyst. Stem cells exposed to certain suitable conditions will differentiate into 3 germ layers and also primordial germ cells. This is the basis for the latest research to obtain mature haploid gametes capable of developing into normal embryos and fetuses. Somatic Nuclear Cell Transfer (SNCT) technique is used to produce mature gametes so that the resulting cells contain cell nuclei with new genetic material. Infertility is a common problem that occurs with a prevalence of 10-15\% of couples of reproductive age. Causes of infertility in women include metabolic and hormonal disorders accompanied by interactions with environmental factors that reduce oocyte quality. This results in an increased rate of aneuploidy in the resultant oocytes and impairs the human implantation process. The main objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of stem cells in women{\textquoteright}s infertility. The method used in writing this review article is online literature studies obtained by accessing national and international scientific journals as well as scientific articles related to stem cells (Stem cells), infertility, women. From the results of this study, it can be seen the potential of stem cells (stem cells) in treating infertility in women. Further studies are needed, especially pre-clinical and clinical trials so that they can be widely applied.</p>
},
	keywords = {Health risk, Infertility therapy, Public Health, Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SNCT), Stem Cells},
	doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.37},
	author = {Maslichah Mafruchati and Jonathan Makuwia}
}
@article {1128,
	title = {Hypoxic Preconditioning Decrease ROS and Increase SOD Expression in Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Cell},
	journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2020},
	month = {May 2020},
	pages = {430-435},
	type = {Original Article},
	chapter = {430},
	abstract = {<p>Adipose-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (AMSCs) have promising ability to differentiate into a cardiomyocyte. However, post-transplantation survival of AMSCs is relatively low due to lethal cellular hypoxia. Hypoxic preconditioning is a sublethal hypoxia condition which may improve AMSCs survival. This research evaluates the effect of hypoxic preconditioning on the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of AMSCs. Isolated human AMSCs was cultured to the 4<sup>th</sup> passage and confirmed with CD45, CD90 and CD105 expression. Cells were divided into control group (normoxia with 21\% O<sub>2</sub>) and hypoxic preconditioning group (with 1\% O<sub>2</sub>). ROS and SOD were evaluated using immunofluorescence and analyzed using SPSS 25. AMSCs was characterized by the CD105 and CD90 without expression of CD44 and CD45. ROS expression is significantly lower in hypoxia group than in controlled group (253,13 {\textpm} 67,795 vs 342,13 {\textpm} 116,447; p \&lt; 0.05) and SOD expression is significantly higher in hypoxia group than in controlled group (340,25 {\textpm} 96,476 vs 234,56 {\textpm} 38,238; p \&lt;0.05). In conclusion, hypoxic preconditioning in human AMSCs induce lower expression of intracellular ROS and higher expression of intracellular SOD.</p>
},
	keywords = {Antioxidant, Hypoxia, Oxidative stress, Stem Cells},
	doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.66},
	author = {I Gde Rurus Suryawan and Andrianto and Ratna Dewi Cahyaningtias and Makhyan Jibril Al-Farabi}
}
