@article {1825, title = {Insight into Screening of Secondary Metabolites, Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents and Antioxidant Activity of Raphanus sativus L. Cultivated in Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {313-318}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {313}, abstract = {

Medicinal plants and vegetables are promising source of antioxidant products. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus of Saudi origin. Various phytochemicals were screened in n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus using standard protocols and IR screening method. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH antioxidant protocol, using trolox as standard. Results demonstrated that Raphanus sativus chemically characterized by the availability of various constituents such as flavonoids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels in fractions of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus and the absence of cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones and alkaloids which was further confirmed using FTIR analysis. TPC was ranged from (8.92{\textpm}1.01) and (211.80{\textpm}1.57) mg GAE/g extract and TFC was ranged from (0.036{\textpm}0.03) and (11.57{\textpm}0.60) mg QE/g extract for leaves and roots extracts respectively. Due to the high phenolic and flavonoid content in aqueous and ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots extracts , results demonstrated high antioxidant activity with IC50: (56.3{\textpm}1.3) and (69.7{\textpm}1.8) for aqueous fractions and (47.2{\textpm}1.5) and (58.7{\textpm}0.7) for ethyl acetate fractions of leaves and roots extracts respectively Study revealed that ethyl acetate and aqueous fractions of leaves and roots of Raphanus sativus could develop a potential natural antioxidant herbal remedy. The study recommends future investigation to isolate and identify the bioactive secondary metabolites in Raphanus sativus.

}, keywords = {DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteau, Raphanus sativus, total flavonoid., total phenolic}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.101}, author = {Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel and Abdullah Jalal Alasoom and Hussein Ali Burshed and Marwan Mohamed Alshawush and Hany Ezzat Khalil} } @article {991, title = {Antioxidant Content in Different Parts of Radish (Raphanus sativus L.) from Cold Arid Ladakh region of Trans- Himalaya (Jammu and Kashmir)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {September 2019}, pages = {1064-1070}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1064}, abstract = {

Raphanus sativus (radish) which is consuming in Ladakh from many decades coming as one of the heirloom root vegetables. It is consumed mostly during winter where there is scarcity of vegetables due to prolong cut off from the rest of the world. The aim of this study was done to investigate the phenolic and antioxidant profile in different parts of radish (root. leaf, peel and seed). The aerial part leaves and peel of root of Raphanus sativus L. are always discarded which possess the potent antioxidant properties. The combine (Methanolic and acetone) extract of radish- Sprout was showing the maximum TPC in all the three radish cultivars of Gya Labuk- 34.5 {\textpm} 4.9 mgGAE/g DW, Tsentay Labuk- 38.5 {\textpm} 6.3 mgGAE/g DW and Pusa Himani- 39.4 {\textpm} 2.6 mgGAE/g DW) minimum values was for the peel (Gya Labuk-1.7 {\textpm} 0.1 mgGAE/g DW, Tsenaty Labuk- 1.8 {\textpm} 0.1 mg GAE/g DW and Pusa Himani-1.9 {\textpm} 0.3 mgGAE/g DW statistically significant at p˂0.05. FRAP- The maximum values were for the leaf of Gya Labuk-50.1 {\textpm} 6.1 9 FeSO4.7 H2O mmol/g, Tsentay Labuk- 61.5 {\textpm} 5.8 FeSO4.7 H2O mmol/g and Pusa Himani- 8.2 {\textpm} 0.0 FeSO4.7 H2O mmol/g and minimum values were for the peel of Gya Labuk-2.8 {\textpm} 0.9 FeSO4.7 H2O mmol/g, Tsentay Labuk-2.9 {\textpm} 1.5 FeSO4.7 H2O mmol/g, Pusa Himani-0.6 {\textpm} 0.2 FeSO4.7 H2O mmol/g statistically significant at p˂0.05 and in case of DPPH maximum values were for leaf of Gya Labuk- 2.10 {\textpm} 0.16 DPPH mg/ml, Tsentay Labuk-1.77 {\textpm} 0.09 DPPH mg/ml, Pusa Himani- 0.25 {\textpm} 0.04 DPPH mg/ml and minimum values were for the peel of Gya Labuk-0.06 {\textpm} 0.01 DPPH mg/ml, Tsentay Labuk-0.06 {\textpm} 0.03 DPPH mg/ml, Pusa Himani-0.02 {\textpm} 0.01 DPPH mg/ml statistically significant at p˂0.05. Epidemiological evidence suggests that consumption of vegetables can prevent degenerative diseases caused by oxidative stress. Considering the less data available on antioxidant activity of roots vegetables consumed in area where there is very less production of vegetables due to harsh climatic condition that prevail in the high mountain area such as Ladakh mostly root vegetables are consumed during the winter season as there used to be no vegetables outside only those vegetables having long shelf life is consumed during winter like radish, turnip, carrot, swede, cabbage, etc. Hence leaves and peel which were often discarded possessed a considerable amount of antioxidant and phenolic and can be used as an ingredient in foods.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Heirloom, Raphanus sativus, Root vegetable}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.166}, author = {Sonam Chorol} }