@article {1890, title = {Profound Assessment of Phytochemical, Botanical and Antioxidant Characteristics Including Determination of Total Phenolic and Flavonoid Contents of Stem Bark of Cordia obliqua L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {December 2022}, pages = {753-758}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {753}, abstract = {

Cordia obliqua is known as Bumber. Its fruits and leaves are popularly used because of antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the phytochemicals and antioxidant activity as well as botanical features of stem bark of Cordia obliqua. Chemical components were preliminary screened in various fractions based on the polarities including; n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and aqueous fractions of using standard procedures. Total phenolic (TPC) and flavonoid (TFC) contents were assessed by Folin-Ciocalteau and aluminium chloride methods respectively. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS antioxidant procedure, using ascorbic acid as standard. Results confirmed that stem bark of Cordia obliqua chemically is characterized by the presences of flavonoids, alkaloids, steroids, saponins, tannins and carbohydrates at different levels in various fractions and the absence of cardiac glycosides and anthraquinones. Microscopically, the plant is characterized by presence of big Ca oxalate clusters, various types of xylem vessels and big amount of cork cells. TPC was ranged from 13.6{\textpm}1.4 and 220.5{\textpm}3.4 mg GAE/g dry plant extract and TFC was ranged from 0.029{\textpm}0.12and 15.46{\textpm}0.33 mg QE/g dry plant extract. Due to the high phenolic and flavonoid content in butanol and ethyl acetate fractions; results of antioxidant using ABTS assay showed high antioxidant activity with IC50 valued 11.84{\textpm}1.2 μg/ ml for butanol fraction and 14.81{\textpm}1.1 μg/ml for ethyl acetate fraction. Taken together, the research work demonstrated the potential natural antioxidant value of the waste product stem bark of Cordia obliqua. The study endorses forthcoming work to isolate and identify the chemical constituents in stem bark of Cordia obliqua.

}, keywords = {ABTS., Boraginaceae, Cordia obliqua, DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteau, Total phenolic and flavonoid}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.163}, author = {Dalya Ramzi Alsuliman and Zainab Mohammed Al Sultan and Maryam Khalil Almajhad and Nour Kamal Alhajri and Abdullah Abdulhamid Altaweel and Abdullah Jalal Alasoom and Hany Ezzat Khalil} } @article {1247, title = {Total Phenolic Content and Antioxidant Activity of Different Extracts of Cordia sebestena L. Leaves}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {September 2020}, pages = {1311-1316}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1311}, abstract = {

Background: Cordia sebestena L. (Boraginaceae) wildly planted in Jakarta, Indonesia. The secondary metabolites of plants have biological and pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant. The antioxidant activity of plants might be due to their phenolic compounds. Objective: To determine the total phenolic content and evaluate the antioxidant activity of C. sebestena leaves extracts (n-hexane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, and 70\% ethanol). Materials and Methods: The total phenolic content was determined using spectrophotometric methods with a Folin-Ciocalteu reagent. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was determined by its ability to inhibit DPPH radicals through IC50 values (ppm). Results: The highest total phenolic content (167.61 {\textpm} 0.56 mg GAE/g) and best antioxidant activity (31.41 ppm) were found in 70\% ethanol extract of C. sebestena compared to other extracts (ethyl acetate \> dichloromethane \> n-hexane). Conclusion: The C. sebestena leaves have a good potential as a source of natural antioxidant, and further research, is recommended to evaluate the antioxidant activity using another method.

}, keywords = {Boraginaceae, Cordia sebestena, DPPH, Folin-Ciocalteu}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.180}, author = {Ni Putu Ermi Hikmawanti and Endang Hanani and Yuni Sapitri and Wulan Ningrum} } @article {963, title = {Pharmacognostical and Preliminary Phytochemical Evaluation of Cordia sebestena L.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {September 2019}, pages = {1100-1105}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1100}, abstract = {

Background: Cordia sebestena L. belongs to family Boraginaceae is commonly known as {\textquotedblleft}Geiger Tree{\textquotedblright} in Indonesia, it is generally found in Indonesia included Jakarta, and many other countries. Some researchers have revealed the presence of several pharmacology activities. Thus this study is an attempt to present an overview of pharmacognostic and phytochemical evaluation reported on this plant. Objective: In the present investigation, various pharmacognostic standards have been investigated to prove the authenticity of the plant for the claimed traditional uses. This will help in the identification of powder drug prior to using in medicine. Methods: Macroscopic, microscopic and physicochemical evaluation, of the drug was performed using standardized procedures as mentioned in the WHO and Indonesian Herb Pharmacopoeia guidelines.Thin layer chromatography profile was done using some different mobile phase system to the identification of the drug. Results: The physicochemical parameters such as moisture content, ethanol- and water-soluble extractive, total ash, acidinsoluble ash value, were determined. Phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, saponins, tannins, steroids, terpenoids in the ethanolic extracts of leaf of this plant. The TLC profile of n-hexane, dichloromethane and methanol extract were carried out 5, 7 and 2 spots respectively. Conclusion: The present study on pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical standards could be useful information for authentication and preparation monograph for C.sebestena.

}, keywords = {Boraginaceae, Chromatography Profile, Fluorescence, Microscopic, Physicochemical}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.172}, author = {Endang Hanani and Sri Harsodjo Wijono Soewandi and Hayati and Nellysa Revita} } @article {1507, title = {Comparative Morphological and Anatomical Study of Onosma caucasica Levin. ex M. Pop. and Onosma sericea Willd. (Boraginaceae Juss.)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {6}, year = {2014}, month = {2nd July 2014}, pages = {22-28}, type = {Original Article}, abstract = {

Introduction: Finding sources of drugs among the species of genus Onosma of the local fl ora is actual direction. Many of the species of genus Onosma are weeds, some live exclusively on dry sandy or rocky slopes. Many of the species of genus Onosma have used in ethnopharmacology as anti-infl ammatory, analgesic, and wound health remedies. The purpose of this research is morphological and anatomical study of herbs of Onosma caucasica Levin. ex M. Pop. and Onosma sericea Willd. (Boraginaceae). Materials and Methods: The objects of the study were collected in North Caucasus (Russia) in June 2011. Materials morphological study herbarium specimens were stored in the herbarium fund the Department of Botany (acronym PGFA). Materials micromorphological study were temporary slides are the leaf, stem and fl owers. Results: The morphological results were compared with the Flora of the USSR. Anatomical characters of leaves and stems of the species were observed to be similar to the usual features of Boraginaceae anatomy. All results are supported by photographs. The nature of trichomes on the leaf blade has a major diagnostic value in determining the authenticity of herbs the studied species. Conclusion: The severity of downy leaf blade and the corolla, and the structure of the hair can reliably identify this type of raw material and serve as the basis for the development of the regulatory documentation for its standardization.

Key words: Anatomy, Boraginaceae, morphology, Onosma.

}, keywords = {Anatomy, Boraginaceae, Morphology, Onosma}, author = {Janna Vladimirovna Daironas and Fatima Kazbekovna Serebryanaya and Ifrat Nazimovich Zilfi karov} }