@article {1378, title = {Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Activities of Vegetable Milk from Lotus Seeds (Nolumbo nucifera)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {March 2021}, pages = {427-433}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {427}, abstract = {

This study aims to proximate composition and antioxidant activities of vegetable milk from lotus seeds (Nolumbo nucifera). The research method in this study used a randomized block design with 3 levels of treatment with 3 repetitions, the treatments used were: A0 = 100\% soybean (Control), A1 = boiling temperature 80$^{0}$C, A2 = boiling temperature 90$^{0}$C, A3 = boiling temperature 100$^{0}$C, B1 = boiling time 10 min, B2 = boiling time 30 min and B3 = boiling time 50 min. The test parameters carried out were proximate composition (water, ash, protein, fat, carbohydrates, and antioxidants) and antioxidant activiy. The results showed the ash content of the lotus seed until the boiling time of 90 min increased, but when the temperature was increased to 100$^{0}$C, the ash content decreased. The fat content of lotus seed milk decreased with increasing boiling time. The protein of vegetable milk from lotus seeds tend to increase with the duration of boiling. The result showed the soy milk has the highest activity (control). For lotus seed milk, the highest activity was in lotus seed milk with boiling temperature treatment of 80$^{0}$C and boiling time for 10 min.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Lotus seeds, Nolumbo nucifera, Proximate, Vegetable Milk}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.54}, author = {Ace Baehaki and Rinto and Muhammad Hendri and Sabri Sudirman and Jeny Pusphyta Buana} } @article {1307, title = {Phytoconstituents and Proximate Composition of Clerodendrum Colebrookianum Walp.: A Widely Used Anti High Blood Pressure Medicinal Food Plant in Eastern Himalayas}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {November 2020}, pages = {1534-1540}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1534}, abstract = {

Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp.is a medicinal food plant widely used in the North East India. The herb is used as vegetable as well as medicine to control high blood pressure. Minerals and Proximate compositions in a food is vital for the proper growth and development of a healthy body and secondary metabolites included in diet act as a nutraceuticals thus help in fighting various health problems. The present study was carried out to discourse the Phytoconstituents, Proximate composition and Minerals of the nutraceutical herb, Clerodendrum colebrookianum. Methanol extract of sample was subjected to GCMS to profile the Phyoconstituents while Standard methods including AOAC was followed to study proximate and minerals of the sample under studied. Moisture content was 77.90\%, carbohydrate 4.28\%, 2.36\% crude protein, 4.21\% crude fibre and 0.35\% crude fat respectively. The minerals concentrations are 0.215mg of Fe/g, 0.105mg/g of Mn, 0.0425mg of Cu/g, 0.056mg Zn/g, 2.55mg of Mangnesium/g, 4.3mg of Na/g and 24.5mg of K per gram of sample. A total of eleven compounds are recorded to be useful for high blood pressure problem and as many as other twenty useful phytoconstutuents were recorded from the sample including antioxidant, anti-uric acid formation, anti-tumour, bioabiability of zinc etc. The present study advocates the traditional knowledge on the use of Clerodendrum colebrookianum as a remedy for high blood pressure problem.

}, keywords = {Clerodendrum colebrookianum, Minerals, North East India, Nutraceutical Herb, Phytoconstituents, Proximate}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.210}, author = {Temin Payum} } @article {850, title = {Phytochemical Composition, Proximate Analysis and Antimicrobial Screening of the Methanolic Extract of Diospyros mespiliformis Hochst ex a. Dc (ebenaceae)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {February 2019}, pages = {362-368}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {362}, abstract = {

Aim: Diospyros mespiliformis is one plant used by the natives for the treatment of certain diseases including wounds. In this present study, preliminary screening of the methanolic leaf extract of D. mespiliformis was carried out for its phytochemical and proximate constituents in addition to investigating its antimicrobial activity against four bacteria species. Methodology: Preliminary phytochemical and proximate analysis were carried out using standard methods. The antimicrobial activity was conducted using the whole in-plate and broth serial micro dilution assays on two Gram positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhymurium) and two Gram negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli). Results: The phytochemical screening showed the presence of alkaloids, tannins, saponins, glycosides, anthraquinones, flavonoids and volatile oil. Similarly, preliminary proximate analysis of the root, bark and leaf extracts of D. mespiliformis exerts revealed the presence of carbohydrate, crude protein, moisture, lipid and nitrogen, ash and fibre. The extract demonstrated greater inhibitory activity on P. aeruginosa, S. aureus and E. coli (MIC=156.25 μg/ml) than on S. typhymurium (MIC=312.5 μg/ml). Conclusion: These findings revealed that the crude methanolic extract of D. mespiliformis and its fractions demonstrated broad spectrum antimicrobial activity in a dose dependent manner.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial, Diospyros mespiliformis, Extract, Phytochemical, Proximate}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.55}, author = {Abdullahi Aliyu Ebbo and Dahiru Sani and Mohammed Musa Suleiman and Abubakar Ahmed and Adamu Zoaka Hassan} }