@article {2241, title = {Poikilodermatous Mycosis Fungoides: A Rare Case Treated with Low-Dose Methotrexate}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {276-279}, type = {Case Report}, chapter = {276}, abstract = {

Mycosis fungoides (MF) is a subtype of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) and a primary cutaneous lymphoma. Poikilodermatous MF (PMF) is a rare clinical variant of MF. Systemic chemotherapy, such as methotrexate (MTX), may be administered as monotherapy or in combination at low doses in MF. A 64-year-old man with PMF has been reported. History and physical examination revealed hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules on the chest, abdomen, both arms, back, and upper legs, along with erythematous macules on the right medial thigh. The diagnosis of PMF is based on clinical manifestations and histopathological features of atypical lymphocyte cell infiltration in the epidermis. In addition, immunohistochemical examination also supports the MF diagnosis. The patient received chemotherapy consisting of monotherapy with MTX at low doses. During the third month of observation following MTX therapy, a few of the hyperpigmented and hypopigmented macules appeared to have diminished; some of the erythematous macules had transformed into hyperpigmented macules, and there were no new lesions. The purpose of therapy is to control the disease. Administration of low-dose MTX as a monotherapy may result in clinical improvement, but further observation is necessary. PMF may have a better prognosis than other clinical variants of MF.

}, keywords = {Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma, Methotrexate, Mycosis fungoides, Poikilodermatous mycosis fungoides}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.40}, author = {Eva Krishna Sutedja and Frizam Dwindamuldan Sutisna and Endang Sutedja and Kartika Ruchiatan and Yogi Faldian and Laila Tsaqilah and Hermin Aminah Usman and Yovan Rivanzah} } @article {1775, title = {Clinical Studies of Silymarin as a Protective Agent Against Liver Damage Caused by Anti-TB Drugs, Methotrexate, and in Cases of Chronic Hepatitis C and Diabetes Mellitus}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {April 2022}, pages = {358-368}, type = {Research Article }, chapter = {358}, abstract = {

The liver is the organ in charge of homeostasis and metabolism of sundry substances (endogenous and exogenous, including drugs); but when these are metabolized, they generate more toxic and/or reactive metabolites, that can damage the liver causing cirrhosis, steatosis and/or hepatocarcinoma. Human have been used several medicinal plants (MP) since ancestral times to treat their ailments, diseases and liver disorders, including Sylibum marianum. This MP is used in the treatment of jaundice and other biliary diseases, as well as in support therapy for edible mushrooms poisoning and in the treatment of some hepatic diseases. From this medicinal plant, silymarin (SLM, mixture of flavonoids) is obtained, it has an important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and hepatoprotector effect. The last activity has been demonstrated through several preclinical and in some clinical studies. To date, a few clinical studies describe the hepatoprotective and/or nephroprotective effect of SLM against the damage caused by anti- TB drugs, methotrexate and in cases of type II diabetes mellitus or chronic hepatitis C. Nevertheless, this type of research is more frequent in preclinical trials (using rats or mice) or in vitro assay.

}, keywords = {Anti-TB drugs, Diabetes mellitus, Hepatoprotector, Hepatotoxicity, Methotrexate, Nephroprotector, Silybin, Silymarin}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.46}, author = {Jimenez-Arellanes Maria Adelina} } @article {799, title = {Antitumor and Antioxidant Effects of Flavonoid Fraction of Citrus sinensis peel Extract}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {January 2019}, pages = {57-63}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {57}, abstract = {

Background: Cancer is one of the leading causes of death and globally the numbers of cases of cancer are increasing gradually. However, surgeries, chemotherapies have become safer, but these treatments have debilitating side effects. Flavonoids present in the human diet comprise many polyphenolic secondary metabolites with broad-spectrum pharmacological activities including their potential role as anti-cancer agents. Objective: The objective of the present study was to extract, orange peel flavonoids (Orange Peel Extract) and to screen anticancer potential of OPF. Methods: In the present study tryphan blue dye exclusion, clonogenic assay and nuclear damage studies by ethidium bromide staining were performed to estimate in vitro antitumor properties of Orange Peel Extract and subsequently in vivo studies also performed using the Dalton lymphoma ascites (DLA) tumor model in Swiss albino mice. Results: In vitro studies revealed the moderate toxicity, high regenerative capacity of Orange Peel Extract and also showed changes in nuclear morphology similar to that of apoptotic cells which is one of the important aspect of an anticancer drug. In vivo studies confirmed the anticancer activity of Orange Peel Extract and has increased the average life span of treated animals and restored the antioxidant enzyme levels and hematological parameters to normal which was comparable to that of standard methotrexate. Conclusion: Overall, these findings have proved that out of the two doses (50mg/kg bw and 200mg/kg bw) employed for the study lower dose (50mg/kg) was found to be more effective than higher dose (200mg/ kg). Hence flavonoid fraction of orange peels can be the better alternative to treat cancer.

}, keywords = {Dalton lymphoma ascites, Ethidium bromide, Methotrexate, Orange peel flavonoids, Tryphan blue}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.1.11}, author = {Godishala Shirisha and Kiranmai Mandava and Uma Rajeswari Batchu and Kesava Rao Thammana and Vijaya Laxmi Turpu} }