@article {1990, title = {An Analysis of Local Knowledge of Phit-Samdaeng in Yang Sisurat District, Maha Sarakham Province and The Medicinal Plants Used to Relieve Its Symptoms}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {April 2023}, pages = {259-265}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {259}, abstract = {

Introduction: {\textquotedblleft}Phit-Samdaeng{\textquotedblright} is a Thai term often used to refer to an illness of eating unsuitable foods. However, its use in a diagnosis is limited due to the unclear definition and description. This study aimed to compare knowledge of Phit-Samdaeng symptoms and treatments in Northeastern folk medicine, Thai Traditional Medicine, and medicinal plants in the Yang Sisurat District of Thailand. Methods: Semistructured interviews and participatory observations were used to collect data from 12 folk healers. Questions were designed to obtain local knowledge of Phit-Samdaeng and medicinal plants. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, comparison and interpretation. Results: Some symptoms of Phit-Samdaeng in the nine scriptures of Thai Traditional Medicine, Tumraya Silajaruek Watprachethupon, and of Kin-Phit and Phit-Kaboon, in Tamraya Boran Isan, were similar in Yang Sisurat. However, the names were different. There were also differences in species and the recipes of herbal remedies among folk healers and in the textbooks. The most used plants to treat Phit-Samdaeng by folk healers were Clerodendrum paniculatum L. and Clausena wallichii Oliv. var. guillauminii (Tanaka) Molino. Only nine species had pharmacological effects relating to Phit-Samdaeng treatment. Conclusions: The knowledge of Phit-Samdaeng symptoms in Yang Sisurat District were consistent with the Northeast folk medicine and Thai Traditional Medicine. The most commonly used species were native plants of Thailand. However, information on the medicinal taste and property from scriptures and pharmacological evidence is lacking. Therefore, the pharmacological activity and toxicity of herbal remedies should be further investigated for efficacy and safety.

}, keywords = {Alternative medicine, Folk knowledge, Herbal medicine, Phit-Samdaeng.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.37}, author = {Hatthapan Wipanso and Bhanubong Bongcheewin and Suppachai Tiyaworanant and Suksalin Booranasubkajorn and Natchagorn Lumlerdkij and Pravit Akarasereenont} } @article {1809, title = {Standardization Study of Khurtsiin deed-6 Traditional Medicine}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {June 2022}, pages = {610-621}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {610}, abstract = {

Introduction: Although traditional medicines are widely used, quality and safety of some of them are not ensured due to lack of suitable quality controls and inadequate labeling. he diagnostic cellular structures and cell content for all powdered ingredients in Khurtsiin deed-6 traditional medicine were defined by {\textquotedblleft}Novel{\textquotedblright} light microscopy. Biologically active compounds were identified by using TLC and HPLC. Main biologically active compounds contents were determined by UV spectrophotometer methods. Some quality and safety parameters of Khurtsiin deed-6 traditional medicine were determined by Mongolian National First Pharmacopoeia methods. Results: Some quality and safety parameters of the traditional medicine were determined as: moisture 9.63{\textpm}0.09\%, total ash 4.725{\textpm}0.22\%, and water-soluble extractive 21.28{\textpm}0.11\%, Alcohol soluble extractive total 46.30{\textpm}0.09\%, aerobic microbial count 5x103, total yeast and mold count 3x102. The fingerprints of TLC and HPLC to reveal gallic acid, apigenin, costunolide, E-guggulsterone were defined. The total contents were measured for phenolic compounds as 65.95{\textpm}1.05 mg/g and for flavonoids as 10.55 {\textpm}0.16 mg/g. Conclusion: The standardization criteria for Khurtsiin deed-6 traditional medicine were defined and Mongolian National Pharmacopeia Monograph{\textquoteright}s draft for Khurtsiin deed-6 traditional medicine was developed.

}, keywords = {Gallic acid, Herbal medicine, High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography, Thin layer Chromatography.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.79}, author = {Myadagbadam and Purevsuren S and Chimedragchaa CH and Tserenkhand G and Norovnyam R} } @article {1207, title = {Paronychia argentea: A Critical Comprehensive Review on its Diverse Medicinal Potential and Future as Therapeutics}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {1172-1179}, type = {Review Article}, chapter = {1172}, abstract = {

Background: Paronychia argentea has been used since long as a traditional medicine for the treatment of diabetes, kidney stones, anti-microbial and many other human diseases. However, the plant has not been explored much. In the present scenario of drug resistance and toxicity associated with available drugs, there is a need for elaborated studies of plants like Paronychia argeneta which had been used as folk medicines. Aim and Objectives: The present article is focused on reviewing the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, traditional usage, biological activities, of Paronychia argentea which has been used in traditional medicinal system for ages. The aim of the study was to assess the ethnopharmacological usage of this plant and to explore therapeutic potentials and future opportunities for research. Materials and Methods: Information on the traditional usage and studies of the Paronychia argentea was gathered from from various journals, MSc dissertation, conference abstract, local books. Various search engines including Google Scholar, Baidu Scholar, Elsevier, ACS, Pubmed, Web of Science, CNKI and EMBASE were used to collect the information along with libraries. Results: Paronychia argentea has played an important role in traditional medicines in Algeria, Portugal, Israel and Jordan. The aerial parts of this plant are used as diuretics in Algerian traditional medicines and are used as antiurolithiasis. Leaf decoction of this plant is also used as diuretic. Paronychia argentea has been used as analgesic, treatment of stomach ulcer, anorexia, and flatulence in Portugal. Scientific studies on extracts of Paronychia revealed a wide range of pharmacological activities including anti-microbial activity, anti-oxidant, nephroprotective activity. Moreover, few reports have given contradictory data for usage of Paronychia when compared with its traditional usage. As in the case of alpha-amylase inhibitory efficacy of PA, it was observed that PA inhibits alpha-amylase activity but later on it was proven that PA does not have a hypoglycemic effect. Main bioactive metabolites present in this plant include alkaloids, flavonoids, volatile oils, etc. Conclusions: Based on this review, there are evidences from various studies regarding pharmacological effects of this plant as nephroprotective, anti-oxidant, anti-microbial activity. Some indications from in vitro studies have confirmed the inhibitory activity of this plant extract against alpha amylase enzyme. The available literature showed that most of the activities of the Paronychia can be accredited to the flavonoids present in them. Data regarding mechanisms of action of this plant along with pharmacokinetics, toxicology studies is still limited, which indicate the need of such studies for the clinical usage of this plant.

}, keywords = {Anti-microbial, Anti-oxidant, Bioactivity, Herbal medicine, Nephroprotective, Oxidative stress, Paronychia argentea, Therapeutic value, Ulcerative colitis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.165}, author = {Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan and Sardar Hussain and Janardhana Papayya Balakrishna and Surapaneni Krishna Mohan} } @article {1088, title = {Thin Layer Chromatography Fingerprinting and Clustering of Orthosiphon stamineus Benth. from Different Origins}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {February 2020}, pages = {79-87}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {79}, abstract = {

Introduction: Orthosiphon stamineus has been widely used across Asian countries for the treatment of various diseases. The quality of herbal medicine determine its safety as well as efficacy; and geographical origin is important factor contributing on the quality of herb and its products. Materials and Methods: Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) method combined with chemometric, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), has been employed to evaluate the quality of Orthosiphon stamineus leaves collected from eleven origins in Indonesia. Results: The results showed that mobile phase suitable for Orthosiphon stamineus was chloroform, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate (7:4:1). The method used has met the requirements of TLC system stability and precision. TLC-fingerprints analyzed with chemometrics showed an ability to discriminate Orthosiphon stamineus from various origins. PCA score plot of the first two principal components (PC) clearly distinguished 3 clusters of samples, whereas the loading plot of the first two PC showed that compounds with the Rf values of 0.0-0.1, 0.1-0.2, 0.2-0.3, and 0.9-1.0 are the most important compounds for clustering of samples. Conclusions: TLCfingerprint combined with the PCA was able to discriminate among the leaves of Orthosiphon stamineus originated from various locations. TLC-fingerprints analyzed with chemometrics can be used as an alternative of marker-oriented method to evaluate the quality of Orthosiphon stamineus.

}, keywords = {Geographical origin, Herbal medicine, Marker, Principal Component Analysis, Quality, TLC}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.13}, author = {Kartini Kartini and Ervina Rustiana Dewi and Fandi Achmad and Nikmatul Ikhrom Eka Jayani and Mochammad Arbi Hadiyat and Christina Avanti} } @article {786, title = {Pharmacognostic Studies of the Leaves, Stem and Root of Capparis erythrocarpos Isert (Capparaceae)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {January 2019}, pages = {112-118}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {112}, abstract = {

Introduction: The roots of Capparis erythrocarpos are used traditionally across Africa for the management of pain, arthritis and other forms of inflammatory conditions. Owing to its proven efficacy, it has gained commercial value, particularly as a key ingredient in several herbal products and alcoholic beverages. The increased scarcity owing to demand outstripping supply lend the roots of C. erythrocarpos to adulteration. This paper presents a detailed pharmacognostic evaluation of the leaf, stem and root of C. erythrocarpos which will be used in its identification and consequent standardization. Methods: The leaf, stem and root were evaluated for their macroscopic and microscopic features as were the physicochemical parameters and phytochemical screening done. Results: Leaves are alternately arranged, have collateral vascular bundle, crystal sheaths and a pericyclic fibre. Actinocytic stomata and secretory cells were contained in powdered leaves. The stem showed lenticels and thorns, stellate and branched trichomes which leave off cicatrices in older stems. The powdered stem and roots contained stone cells, secretory cells and scalariform vessels. However, the roots lacked thorns, trichomes and had smaller secretory cells. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the leaves, stem and roots were slightly acidic to neutral. Ash values of leaves, stem and roots are (16.58 {\textpm} 0.09) \% w/w, (5.01 {\textpm} 0.09) \% w/w and (6.53 {\textpm} 0.19) \% w/w respectively. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the leaves, stem and roots showed the presence of glycosides, flavonoids and tannins. Conclusion: The determined parameters for the leaf, stem and root of C. erythrocarpos constitute quality parameters for their unequivocal identification.

}, keywords = {Capers, Cicatrices, crystal sheaths, Herbal medicine, Morphological features, Physicochemical parameters}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.1.19}, author = {Twumasi Mary A and Ekuadzi Edmund and Mante Priscilla K and Boakye-Gyasi Mariam E and Mensah Merlin LK and Woode Eric} }