@article {681, title = {Antioxidant and Antidiabetes Capacity of Hexane, Ethylacetate and Ethanol Extracts of Durio zibethinus Murr. Root}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {937-940}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {937}, abstract = {

Introduction: Active natural products from medicinal plants are good sources for the antioxidant and antidiabetic agent. Natural antioxidants protect human health against oxidative stress and free radicals which cause degenerative disease such as diabetes. Objectives: This study was conduct to try one approach to treat diabetes that is to reduce gastrointestinal glucose absorption through the inhibition of the \α-glucosidase enzyme. Methods: We make three different root extracts from Durio zibethinus Murr. The extracts were examined for their DPPH radical scavenging activity, antioxidant activity using \β-carotene-linoleic acid assay, and their \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity by a standard method. Additionally, we have also determined their total polyphenols and total flavonoids quantitatively using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. Results: The root extracts Durio zibethinus Murr. were effectively scavenged DPPH radicals in varied rate. The hexane (EHD), ethyl acetate (EEAD), and ethanol (EED) extracts revealed DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 of 541.28, 83.95 and 11.24 \μg/ml respectively and their \β-carotene-linoleic acid assay showed activity with IC50 of 273.58, 139.53, and 166.83 \μg/ml, respectively. In vitro assay of the \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of the EHD, EEAD, and EED extracts showed an IC50 of 119.84, 23.69, and 3.35 \μg/ml, respectively. Conclution: In this present study, we found that ethanol extract revealed the most active antioxidant activity and the highest inhibitory activity against \α-glucosidase enzyme. The total phenolics and total flavonoids contents of the extracts were studied, where the ethanol extracts were found to have the highest than that of other extracts. This study proofs the medicinal potencies of Durio zibethinus Murr. root extracts.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Durio Zibethinus Murr., Extracts, roots, α-glucosidase inhibitor}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.5.158}, author = {Yayu Mulsiani Evary and Amir Muhammad Nur} } @article {740, title = {Chemical Composition and Hepatoprotective Activity of Saponaria officinalis on Paracetamol-induced Liver Toxicity in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {1196-1201}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1196}, abstract = {

Background: The present day life style causing different illness including liver diseases and different health complications. So, there is a need to identify new chemical entities with more efficiency in the treatment of diseases and less side effects. There were many reports in recent times, about identifying new drugs from different medicinal plants and also precursors for synthesis new bioactive molecules for treating various diseases. Objective: The present study was carried out on root parts (rhizomes) of S. officinalis for phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective activity on paracetmol-induced liver toxicity. Materials and methods: The phytochemical analysis was carried out to know biological active compounds in different extracts of S. officinalis using standard procedures and quantified the total alkaloid and phenolic contents. Hepatoprotective activity of the S. officinalis extracts were carried out by using Paracetmol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Results: The phytochemical analysis of S. officinalis roots\’ extracts showed presence of sterols, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, flavanoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins and absence of saponins and oils. The methanolic extract showed more phenolic and alkaloid contents on their quantification. The S. officinalis roots extracts are found to be safe at 2000 mg/kg b. w. in acute toxicity study and showed dose dependent percentage protection on liver toxicity. Methanol extract showed more activity at 500mg/kg b. w. and is comparable with standard drug Liv 52 on altered liver biomarker enzymes AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), ALP, total bilirubin and total protein with percentage protection 66.67\%,60.63\%,65.93\%,64.24\% and 60.98\%. Conclusion: The present study results indicates that phytochemical constituent\’s diversity in S. officinalis and those extracts possess hepatoprotective activity. Further studies are needed and should involve the isolation of pure, biologically active compounds.

}, keywords = {Liver, Paracetamol, roots, Saponaria officinalis, Toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6.205}, author = {Mallikarjuna Rao Talluri and Veda Priya Gummadi and Ganga Rao Battu} } @article {775, title = {Chemical Composition and Hepatoprotective Activity of Saponaria officinalis on Paracetamol-Induced Liver Toxicity in Rats}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {November 2018}, pages = {s129-s134}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s129}, abstract = {

Background: The present day life style causing different illness including liver diseases and different health complications. So, there is a need to identify new chemical entities with more efficiency in the treatment of diseases and less side effects. There were many reports in recent times, about identifying new drugs from different medicinal plants and also precursors for synthesis new bioactive molecules for treating various diseases. Objective: The present study was carried out on root parts (rhizomes) of S. officinalis for phytochemical analysis and hepatoprotective activity on Paracetamol-induced liver toxicity. Materials and Methods: The phytochemical analysis was carried out to know biological active compounds in different extracts of S. officinalis using standard procedures and quantified the total alkaloid and phenolic contents. Hepatoprotective activity of the S. officinalis extracts were carried out by using Paracetamol-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Results: The phytochemical analysis of S. officinalis roots\’ extracts showed presence of sterols, terpenoids, glycosides, carbohydrates, proteins, flavanoids, alkaloids, phenols, tannins and absence of saponins and oils. The methanolic extract showed more phenolic and alkaloid contents on their quantification. The S. officinalis roots extracts are found to be safe at 2000 mg/kg b. w. in acute toxicity study and showed dose dependent percentage protection on liver toxicity. Methanol extract showed more activity at 500mg/kg b. w. and is comparable with standard drug Liv 52 on altered liver biomarker enzymes AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT), ALP, total bilirubin and total protein with percentage protection 56.17\%, 54.53\%, 61.55\% 57.29\% and 53.66\%. Conclusion: The present study results indicates that phytochemical constituent\’s diversity in S. officinalis and those extracts possess hepatoprotective activity. Further studies are needed and should involve the isolation of pure, biologically active compounds

}, keywords = {Liver, Paracetamol, roots, Saponaria officinalis, Toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6s.24}, author = {Mallikarjuna Rao Talluri and Veda Priya Gummadi and Ganga Rao Battu} }