@article {2610, title = {Pharmacognostic Standardization, Phytochemical Profiling, Antioxidant Activity, and Toxicological Evaluation of the Traditionally Used Medicinal Plant Prunus wallichii Steud.}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {18}, year = {2026}, month = {June 2026}, pages = {187-200}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {187}, abstract = {

Introduction: Traditional medicinal plants play a crucial role in the management of several diseases and serve as a valuable source of bioactive compounds having significant therapeutic properties. Prunus wallichii Steud., a medicinal plant traditionally used by the Mizo tribe, remains unexplored despite its ethnomedicinal importance. Objective: The present study aimed to investigate the pharmacognostic characteristics, phytochemical profile, antioxidant potential, and safety evaluation of P. wallichii. Methods: The study investigates the pharmacognostic standardization, total phenolic and total flavonoid content, in vitro antioxidant activity, acute and sub-acute toxicity studies of extracts, and HPTLC qualitative analysis of methanolic extract. Results: Pharmacognostic standardization established the identity, purity, and quality of the crude drug. The methanolic extract exhibited higher total phenolic content (207.13 {\textpm} 2.041 mg GAE/g) and total flavonoid content (539.99 {\textpm} 25.23 mg QE/g) compared to the hydro-ethanolic extract (156.16 {\textpm} 6.55 mg GAE/g and 333.33 {\textpm} 24.035 mg QE/g, respectively). Both extracts demonstrated significant dose-dependent antioxidant activity in hydroxyl radical and hydrogen peroxide scavenging assays. Acute and sub-acute toxicity studies in rodents revealed the LD50 was greater than 2000 mg/ kg showing no adverse toxic effects and mortality during the study period. Hematological, biochemical, and histopathological studies demonstrated the safety profile of the extracts. High-performance thin layer chromatography analysis confirmed the presence of two bioactive markers, scopoletin and taxifolin, which are known for their diverse pharmacological activities. Conclusion: The study findings provide scientific evidence supporting the traditional medicinal use of P. wallichii and highlight its potential for future therapeutic and pharmacological applications.

}, keywords = {Acute toxicity, HPTLC, Pharmacognostic standardization, Physicochemical, Prunus wallichii Steud, Sub-acute toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2026.18.133}, author = {Ngurzampuii Sailo and Zonunmawii Z and Simran Kaur and Chinmoyee Borah and Dhritiman Roy and Bibhuti Bhusan Kakoti} } @article {1170, title = {Pharmacognostical, Physicochemical and Phytochemical Evaluation of Strobilanthes kunthianus (Acanthaceae)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {731-741}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {731}, abstract = {

Objective: The present study aimed to evaluate pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical evaluation of various parts of Strobilanthes kunthianus. Methods: Macroscopical, microscopical, physico-chemical and phytochemical evaluations of leaves, stem, root and flowers of S. kunthianus were investigated. The paraffin embedded specimens were sectioned with the help of Rotary Microtome. The thickness of the sections was 10-12 μm and dewaxing was done by customary procedure. The sections were stained with toluidine blue for microscopical analysis. The preliminary phytochemical study was carried out for various extracts of S. kunthianus using standard procedure. Results: In the pharmacognostical, physicochemical and phytochemical studies, in an attempt to standardize the leaves, stem and root of S. kunthianus have been shown that will be definitely useful to the future researchers for the identification of the plant. Conclusion: These studies offer referential evidence for accurate identification and standardization of S. kunthianus.

}, keywords = {Pharmacognostic standardization, Physico-chemical evaluation, Phytochemical analysis, Strobilanthes kunthianus}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.106}, author = {Geetha Balasubramaniam and Mahendran Sekar and Shrishailappa Badami} } @article {593, title = {Pharmacognostic Standardization of an Ethnomedicinal Aquatic Herb, Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms for its Antibacterial Potentiality}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {March 2018}, pages = {533-540}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {533}, abstract = {

Objectives: To evaluate antibacterial potentiality, pharmacognostic characteristics and quality control parameters including heavy metals, like lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) accumulation in the aerial parts of an aquatic herb, Monochoria hastata (L.) Solms. Methods: Antibacterial assay was done by agar well diffusion method. Pharmacognostic studies like morpho-anatomical and physicochemical analyses were carried out for organoleptic, microscopic and macroscopic evaluations of living aerial parts, and powder microscopy, fluorescence, proximate and elemental analysis of the dried powder sample. Elements and heavy metals contents were determined by carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, sulphur / oxygen (CHNS/O) analyzer and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), respectively. Results: M. hastata (L.) Solms aerial parts showed antibacterial activity against gastrointestinal and topical pathogens. It exhibited an amphistomatic and hydromorphic anatomical characters. The distinguishing features were the presence of stomata in upper and lower epidermis, broad air chambers, cuticle, collateral vascular bundles, sclereidal fibres, pitted tracheids, pitted vessels, calcium oxalate crystals and annular vessels in leaf. The powder sample contained very less amount of acid insoluble ash than water soluble ash and complete absence of foreign organic matter. Carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and sulfur (CHNS) ratio was 33:6:5:1 and lead content was lesser than the recommended upper limit though the arsenic content was higher than the permissible upper limit. Conclusions: Though the plant has traditionally been used as a potent Ethnomedicinal herb to cure boils, gastritis, hepatopathy and as laxative, but no such evaluation of pharmacognostic identity and quality parameters have been done so far. This is the first report on its pharmacognostic characters and quality control issues like heavy metal accumulation and physicochemical parameters for future use as powder drug.

}, keywords = {Fluorescence characteristics, Heavy metal accumulation, M hastata (L.) solms, Pharmacognostic standardization, Traditional medicinal plants}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.3.87}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/520}, author = {Debabrata Misra and Manab Mandal and Narendra Nath Ghosh and Vivekananda Mandal} }