@article {791, title = {Phytochemical Study and Biological Activities of Hydro-Alcoholic Extract of the Leaves of Bridelia ferruginea Benth and its Fractions}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {January 2019}, pages = {141-145}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {141}, abstract = {

Context and purpose: The roots of B. ferruginea are used in traditional Togo medicine in the treatment of diabetes. Studies have shown that leaves have a low antihyperglycemic effect. This study aims to improve the effect of leaves. Methods: The hydroalcoholic extract of the leaves underwent a fractionation (separation in cold alcohol) and an OGTT (Oral Glucose tolerance test) on healthy mice, a phytochemical screening and antioxidant tests (in vitro: DPPH and ex vivo: AAPH) were performed on the extract and its fractions. Results: Phytochemical screening of the extract showed the presence of phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins as well as the absence of condensed tannins, alkaloids, saponosides and anthracene derivatives. The extract also showed antioxidant activity. The supernatant fraction showed antihyperglycemic activity at 100 mg / kg in the 30th and 60th after glucose administration. Phytochemical screening of the supernatant revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins. The supernatant also showed more pronounced antioxidant activity than the total extract. Conclusion: In view of these results, the most active fraction obtained by the separation technique in cold alcohol is the supernatant.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Bridelia ferruginea, Diabetes, Fractionation, OGTT}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.1.23}, author = {Batomayena Bakoma and Sabrina Sanvee and Kossi Metowogo and Yao Potchoo and Kwashie Eklu gadegbeku and Kodjo Aklikokou and Menssanvi Gbeassor} } @article {328, title = {Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and Fractionation of Bioactive Compounds from bark Extracts of Sibucao (Caesalpinia sappan L.) In the Philippines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {April 2017 }, pages = {356-360}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {356}, abstract = {

Diabetes is a chronic disease that affects millions of people around the world. Although conventional medicine is available, it is usually accompanied by serious side effects such as gastrointestinal problem. Thus, the search for alternative medicine from natural sources is of primary importance. Context: The study is concerned with Caesalpinia sappan L. found in the vicinity of Baybay City, Leyte Philippines. Furthermore, it deals with ethanolic and aqueous extracts of the bark only. It was conducted to determine the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of C. sappan to provide evidence to support its efficacy as a folkloric medicinal plant. Aims: This work aimed to evaluate the alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of aqueous and ethanolic bark extracts of Sibucao (Caesalpinia sappan L.) and to partially fractionate its bioactive compounds. Settings and Design: Extracts were prepared in increasing concentration to get IC50 values. Samples were analysed in triplicate both for extracts and fractions collected from chromatography. Methods and Material: Caesalpinia sappan L. bark samples were collected from the vicinity of Visayas State University. Plant materials were dried, weighed and stored. Aqueous and ethanolic bark extracts were prepared using water and 20\% ethanol. The total phenolic content of the extracts were determined and the \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of crude bark and aqueous extracts were measured using the method of Kim et al., 2011. Partial fractionation of bioactive compounds was done successively using gradient elution. The \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of fractions were then determined and Rf values of active compounds were measured using thin layer chromatography (TLC). Results: Results revealed that aqueous extract (2000 ppm) and ethanolic extract (2000 ppm) show high \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of 100\% and 59\% respectively. IC50 values of aqueous and ethanolic extract were found to be 300.52 \± 1.467 ppm and 1560.81 \± 2.582 ppm, respectively. TLC of fractions show 7 peaks for aqueous extract and 6 peaks for ethanolic extract in which compound with Rf value 0.70 had the highest inhibitory activity of 65\%. Conclusions: Taken together, the high \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of aqueous extracts support the effectiveness of C. sappan L. bark decoctions. In addition, results from bioassay-guided fractionation can be used as an effective tool for further isolation and characterization of \α-glucosidase inhibitors from Caesalpinia sappan L. in the Philippines.

}, keywords = {Caesalpinia sappan, Flavonoids, Fractionation, Type II diabetes, α-glucosidase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.3.60}, url = {/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.60}, author = {Ea Kristine Clarisse B. Tulin and Ma Theresa P. Loreto and Edgardo E. Tulin} } @article {348, title = {Fractionation and α-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity of Fractions from Garcinia hombroniana Pierre Leaves Extracts}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {May 2017}, pages = {488-492}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {488}, abstract = {

Background: Diabetes mellitus become one of the biggest global health problems of the 21st century. Type 2 diabetes play role for the majority of cases of diabetes worldwide which is characterized by the increase of postprandial blood glucose level. Maintaining postprandial glucose level through inhibition of \α-glucosidase is one of the essential strategies in the treatment of diabetes. Inhibitory effect of \α-glucosidase was commonly used to identify active compounds potentially to treat diabetes. Natural resources have potency as antidiabetic that can be used in diabetes treatment. Objective: The objective of the study is to separate active fraction in the crude extract of Garcinia hombroniana leaves to facilitate obtaining a pure biologically active compound as the \α-glucosidase inhibitor. Methods: Fractionation to separate active fraction was performed using column and thin layer chromatography methods while \α-glucosidase inhibitory activity assay was performed in vitro using spectrophotometric methods at \λ 400 nm. Results: Ethyl acetate and methanol extract of G. hombroniana yielded 14 and 12 fractions, respectively. Two fractions with the higher percent inhibition compared to other factions are fraction 8 from ethyl acetate extract (FEA8) and fraction 3 from methanol extract (FM3). The IC50 values of FEA8, FM3 and acarbose are 16.370 \μg/mL, 59.042 \μg/mL, and 39.534 \μg/mL respectively. Conclusion: Fraction 8 from ethyl acetate extract of G. hombroniana leaves (FEA8) was separated and known in this study as the most bioactive \α-glucosidase inhibitor agent compared with another extract, fractions, and acarbose.

}, keywords = {Column chromatography, Diabetes mellitus, Fractionation, Thin layer Chromatography, α-glucosidase}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.4.79}, url = {/files/PJ-9-4/10.5530pj.2017.4.79}, author = {Nita Triadisti and Rani Sauriasari and Berna Elya} }