@article {2320, title = {Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-9, Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Fibroblast in The Simblefaron Due to Alkali Burn: Literature Review}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {June 2024}, pages = {687-690}, type = {687-690}, chapter = {687}, abstract = {

Simblefaron is one of the most challenging complications in the late stages of an alkali burn. Symblepharon characteristically resembles connective tissue or bands that protrude from the eyelid{\textquoteright}s interior surface (palpebral conjunctiva) to the surface of the eyeball (bulbar conjunctiva). This literature review was conducted to see the molecular mechanism of symblepharon formation. Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP- 9), transforming growth factor (TGF-β), and Fibroblast played a significant part in the healing of conjunctival wounds. MMP-9, TGF-β, and fibroblast overexpressed are suspected to cause excessive inflammation and fibrosis, which results in symblepharon. By knowing this, it is hoped that it can become a basis for developing appropriate management for the occurrence of simblepharon.

}, keywords = {Alkali, Burn, Conjunctiva, Symblepharon}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.115}, author = {Dian Mayangsari and Lukisiari Agustini and Susy Fatmariyanti and Ridholia and Pudji Lestari} } @article {2285, title = {The Role of α-SMA, Type 1 Collagen, and Myofibroblasts in Cicatrizing Conjunctivitis by Alkali Chemical Trauma}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {May 2024}, pages = {591-596}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {591}, abstract = {

Introduction: Chemical trauma to the eye is a serious condition in the field of ophthalmology and a leading factor contributing to global blindness. Cicatrizing conjunctivitis (CC) is a term used to describe conditions marked by inflammation and the formation of scars on the conjunctiva. CC can have various causes, with one of them being chemical injury to the eye. The development of CC involves the participation of several cytokines and cells, such as α-SMA, Type 1 collagen, and Myofibroblasts. Myofibroblasts have the ability to contract through the utilization of diverse cytoskeletal proteins, which are commonly present in smooth muscle cells, including α-SMA. Actin filaments contribute to mechanically supporting cells, defining cell morphology, and facilitating cell mobility. Actin, in conjunction with myosin, participates in the muscle contraction process within muscle cells. Subsequently, type 1 collagen contributes to the healing of conjunctival wounds by providing a tensile force that aids in the closure of such wounds. As a significant constituent of the extracellular matrix, type 1 collagen plays a crucial role in maintaining the integrity of tissues.

}, keywords = {Cicatrizing conjunctivitis, Myofibroblasts, Type 1 collagen, α -SMA}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.92}, author = {Henu Hadiyantama and Lukisiari Agustini and Sutjipto and Evelyn Komaratih and Ismi Zuhria and Pudji Lestari and Ridholia} }