@article {2516, title = {Interpersonal Communication Training as an Effective Strategy to Optimize Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation (MMS) Utilization in Preventing Maternal and Neonatal Deaths}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {August 2025}, pages = {399-406}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {399}, abstract = {

Background: Maternal mortality remains a global health problem, with approximately 800 deaths every day, mostly due to complications such as bleeding, where severe anemia is a major predisposing factor. Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation (MMS) is now recommended as a substitute for blood supplementation tablets due to its more complete nutritional content. However, utilization of MMS still faces challenges, including low knowledge of pregnant women, negative perceptions of side effects, and misinformation. Education by health workers, especially midwives, is key to overcoming these barriers. Interpersonal communication training is a relevant strategy to improve midwives{\textquoteright} ability to deliver information effectively and build positive relationships with pregnant women. Although MMS has begun to be implemented, studies related to the effectiveness of interpersonal communication training in the context of MMS education are still limited in Indonesia. This study aims to fill this gap and strengthen the role of midwives in antenatal care. Objective: To assess the effect of interpersonal communication training on the utilization of multiple micronutrient supplementation on midwives{\textquoteright} knowledge and skills. Methods: This study was conducted in September 2024 in Bone Bolango Regency, Gorontalo Province, involving 74 coordinating midwives and village supervisors. The design used was a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest to evaluate the effectiveness of interpersonal communication training on improving midwives{\textquoteright} knowledge and skills. Knowledge was measured using a questionnaire, while skills were assessed through a post-training observation checklist. All instruments were tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis included Wilcoxon test to compare pretest and posttest scores, Spearman test to see the relationship between knowledge and skills, and Mann-Whitney test based on midwives{\textquoteright} characteristics. Path analysis was conducted within a Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) framework with directly observed variables. Results: The results showed that the score before the intervention was 10.80 and after the intervention was 15.23, which means there is a difference in scores between before and after the intervention. The statistical test results showed a p value (0.000) \<0.05, which means that there is an effect of interpersonal communication training in the utilization of multiple micronutrient supplements (MMS) on the knowledge and skills of midwives. Conclusion: Interpersonal communication training for midwives is effective in improving midwives{\textquoteright} knowledge and skills.

}, keywords = {Interpersonal Communication, knowledge, Midwives, Multiple Micronutrient Supplementation, Skills, Training}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2025.17.50}, author = {Rabia Zakaria and Veni Hadju and Rahayu Indriasari and Mardiana Ahmad and Muhammad Arsyad and Nurmala Sari and Fatmawati Mohamad and Juli Claudia and Siti Choirul Dwi Astuti and Rahma Dewi Agustini and Magdalena M.Tompunu and Anwar Mallongi} } @article {2265, title = {Determinants of Adverse Birth Outcomes in Ambon, Indonesia: A Case-Control Study}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {April 2024}, pages = {410-414}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {410}, abstract = {

Background: Globally, adverse birth outcomes were still high, especially in low and middle-income countries like Indonesia. Stillbirth, preterm birth (PTB), low birth weight (LBW), and first-minute birth asphyxia are some of the adverse birth outcomes. The incidence of adverse birth in Ambon is quite high but never been any research about determinants of adverse birth outcomes. Objective: This study aims to examine the determinants of adverse birth outcomes and identify the main modifiable risk factors in Ambon. Method: This retrospective case-control study included all birth outcomes in August and September 2023 in Ambon, Indonesia. A total of 165 birth outcomes (55 cases and 110 controls) with complete information in Puskesmas and Posyandu were included in the analysis. The Chi-square test and regression analyses were applied to evaluate the association between variables. Result: This study showed the impact of pregnant women{\textquoteright}s age, parity, passive smoking, ANC examination, and ANC counseling on birth outcomes. There are differences in maternal age (p=0.006; 95\% CI: 1.22-6.11), parity (p=0.001; 95\% CI: 1.52-8.51), passive smokers (p=0.004; 95\% CI: 1.37-8.99, ANC examination (p=0.02; 95\% CI: 1.08-5.01) and ANC counseling (p=0.002; 95\% CI: 1.44-8.67) between case and control groups. Conclusion: Maternal age (<= 20 and \>35 years old), parity (one and >= 5), passive smokers, ANC examination not according to standard, and ANC counseling without a husband were associated with a high risk of all adverse birth outcomes.

}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.64}, author = {Magdalena Paunno and Ridwan Amiruddin and Masni and Mardiana Ahmad and Bertha Jean Que and Ridwan Thaha and Sudirman Nasir and Anwar Mallongi} }