@article {2428, title = {The Consequences of Hypertension and Obesity on Coronary Heart Disease}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {December 2024}, pages = {1331-1335}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1331}, abstract = {

Background: Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. At present, more than 20 million adults suffer from CHD, and the number keeps increasing. Hypertension and obesity, known risk factors of CHD, are also inclining in prevalence. Given the diversities of world population, studies on correlation of hypertension and obesity in the incidence of CHD still have a lot to unveil. Aim: to analyze the association between hypertension and obesity to CHD as both independent and dependent risk factors. Method: A cross-sectional descriptive study on 100 hypertensive subjects was conducted from March to November 2022. Subjects were selected by simple random sampling technique. The data were collected by anamnesis, physical examination, laboratory examination, electrocardiography, and by checking on medical records if needed. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS. Result: The mean age of the study samples was 58.64 years old. The mean value of BMI was 25.77 {\textpm} 5.21 SD, and 53.6\% of the participants was obese. 33\% of the subjects were diagnosed with CHD. There was no correlation between obesity and CHD (OR = 0.582, 95\% CI = 0.245-1.382); between hypertension on therapy or without therapy and CHD (OR= 0.729, 95\% CI= 0.15-15.09). There was also no correlation between length of hypertension and CHD (R= 0.117; p = 0.27). Conclusion: This study shows no significant correlations between hypertension, obesity, and CHD. Whether socioeconomic and demographic profile play a part in the association of hypertension and obesity with CHD, specifically for Indonesian ethnicities, should be studied further.

}, keywords = {Body Mass Index, Cardiovascular Disease, Coronary Heart Disease, High blood pressure, Indonesia}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.214}, author = {Meity Ardiana and Nastiti Imana Intansari and Asiyah Nurul Fadila} } @article {2005, title = {The Effect of Cardiac Catheterization Intervention on The Nutritional Status of Children with Acyanotic Congenital Heart Disease}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {April 2023}, pages = {338-342}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {338}, abstract = {

Background: Intervention is required since malnutrition in children with acyanotic congenital heart disease (CHD) will affect growth, development, and quality of life. Research on the impact of cardiac catheterization on the nutritional health of children with acyanotic CHD is limited, particularly in Indonesia. This study aims to analyze the effect of cardiac catheterization on the nutritional status of children with acyanotic CHD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between January 2019 and December 2021. The participants of this study were children aged 1-60 months with acyanotic CHD who had undergone cardiac catheterization. We compare the nutritional status of participants in three observation stages, including pre-intervention of catheterization and the 3rd and 6th months post-cardiac catheterization. The parameters of nutritional status are determined according to the mean of Z-scores of weight-for-age (WAZ), length-for-age (LAZ), and weight-for-length (WLZ) of participants. Results: A total of children with acyanotic CHD who underwent catheterization and 49 children were eligible participants. The mean age of children with acyanotic CHD patients who underwent catheterization was 31.51 months, and 89\% of them were 1-5 years. Fifty-three percent of participants who underwent cardiac catheterization were male. The most common acyanotic CHD defects were the Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) among 55.1\% of participants. Significant differences were found in WAZ, LAZ, and WLZ in the measurement of three observation stages (p\<0.05). Conclusion: Interventional cardiac catheterization affects and enhances the nutritional status of children with acyanotic CHD and may be suggested as an initial therapy to further evaluate the disease.

}, keywords = {Acyanotic CHD, Children, Congenital heart disease, Interventional cardiac catheterization., Nutritional status}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.51}, author = {Muqiemuddin Salim and I Ketut Alit Utamayasa and Roedi Irawan and Irwanto and Azwin Mengindra Putera and Meity Ardiana} }