@article {1960, title = {Analysis of The Effect of Leptin, AMPK, Adiponectin, and NPY Markers on Changes in Body Weight of Childhood Epileptic Using Valproic Acid Monotherapy}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {March 2023}, pages = {150-153}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {150}, abstract = {

Introduction: Epilepsy is a neurological disorder that occurs due to abnormal neurons in the brain and an imbalance between excitation and inhibition in the central nervous system. The first line of OAE in children is VPA (Valproate Acid). However, long-term use can cause weight gain with a frequency of 10-70\%. The underlying mechanism of weight gain in patients remains unclear. Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between levels of biomarkers AMPK, NPY, Leptin, and Adiponectin on changes in body weight in patients with epileptic seizures using VPA monotherapy. Method: This study is an observational cohort design. Data collection in April-June 2019. Inclusion criteria were children aged 2-10 years who used VPA requirement less than two years, not taking any drugs that affect body weight, not diagnose systemic lupus, nephrotic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus. Bodyweight and all biomarkers measurement on subjects who came to the clinic at the time of study and at least after one month of taking VPA. A total of 17 subjects participated in this study. Result: The results of the statistical multivariate analysis test of VPA dosage on changes in body weight and biomarker levels found that Leptin, AMPK, Adiponectin did not significantly increase in body weight (p\>0.05), but NPY significant increase in body weight (p\<0.05). Conclusion: NPY is the most potent for appetite enhancing, preferential effect on carbohydrate intake, weight regulation, energy storage, and expenditure. Increase production of NPY, there is an increase in energy intake and then increases fat storage and body weight.

}, keywords = {Adiponectin, AMPK, Childhood., Epilepsy, Leptin, NPY, Valproic acid, Weight gain}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.21}, author = {Wardah Rahmatul Islamiyah and Nasronudin and Abdulloh Machin and Iin Ernawati and Yunita Dwi Tanti and Nur Jaya and Farah Medina and Fathia Faza Rahmadanita and Paulus Sugianto} } @article {1855, title = {Viral Meningoencephalitis Patient with Comorbid Major Depression with Psychotic Symptoms: A Case Report}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {455-458}, type = {Case Report}, chapter = {455}, abstract = {

Viral meningoencephalitis causes meninges and brain parenchyma inflammation, thus provoking significant morbidity and mortality. Clinical features include neurological and psychiatric symptoms depending on the brain involved, mild symptoms such as fever, headache, neck stiffness, and confusion, or severe symptoms such as seizures, weakness, hallucinations, and coma. Therefore, the clinical diagnosis and treatment of such cases are challenging to make. This case report describes an adult male patient suffering from viral meningoencephalitis with comorbid major depression with psychotic symptoms. The patient requires holistic management of meningoencephalitis with comorbid depression and neuropsychiatric symptoms that may occur in the long term.

}, keywords = {Comorbid, Depression, Viral meningoencephalitis}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.121}, author = {Maulana Farid Rizki and Paulus Sugianto and Margarita Maria Maramis and Soetjipto} }