@article {151, title = {Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Activity of Fresh Rhizome Essential Oil of Zingiber Officinale Roscoe}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal,}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {February 2016}, pages = {185-190}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {185}, abstract = {

Background: Zingiber officinale Roscoe (Zingiberaceae) is a rhizomatous perennial herb found in tropical Asia. It is extensively used worldwide as a spice, flavoring agent and herbal remedy for cold, throat and chest\ infections and cough. The present study was carried out to analyse an essential oil from the fresh rhizomes of Z. officinale of Ghaziabad region and to evaluate its antimicrobial activity. Materials and Methods: The fresh rhizomes were hydrodistilled to get the essential oil which was analysed by GC and GC-MS techniques. The oil was evaluated for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion method. Results and Discussion: The essential oil was characterized by high percentage of sesquiterpenes (66.66\%), monoterpenes (17.28\%) and aliphatic compounds (13.58\%). The predominant sesquiterpene was zingiberene (46.71\%) followed by valencene (7.61\%), \β-funebrene (3.09\%) and selina-4(14),7(11)-diene (1.03\%). The major monoterpenes were characterized as citronellyl n-butyrate (19.34\%), \β-phellandrene (3.70\%), camphene (2.59\%) and \α-pinene (1.09\%). The essential oil exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. Conclusion: The essential oil mainly contained a large number of sesquiterpenes and monoterpenes and exhibited significant antimicrobial activity against pathogenic microorganisms.

}, keywords = {Antimicrobial activity, Chemical composition, Essential oil, GC-MS analysis, Zingiber officinale.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2016.3.3}, author = {Pradeep Kumar Sharma and Vijender Singh and Mohammed Ali} } @article {159, title = {Isolation of flavonoid from Abies webbiana leaves and its activity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {8}, year = {2016}, month = {June/2016}, pages = {341-345}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {341}, abstract = {

Background: Abies webbiana commonly known as Talispatra in Bengali and Hindi, Talispatram in Sanskrit and Indian Silver Fir in English. This is a large, tall, evergreen tree occurring in the Himalayan region from Kashmir to Assam in India. It comes under the Family: Pinaceae. The present study was designed for isolation of flavonoid from ethyl acetate extract of A. webbiana leaves and assessed their toxic effect on liver and kidney. Materials and Methods: The isolation of flavonoid using different chromatographic methods (thin layer and column chromatography). The isolated flavonoid was identified; Structures and chemical bonds were analyzed by using MP, FTIR, 1-H NMR and MS spectral analysis. Effect of flavonoid on liver and kidney was assessed by inducing (0.1 ml/kg) CCl4 (i.p.) and (6 mg/kg) Cisplatin (i.p.) respectively measured by biochemical marker of liver and kidney. Results and Discussion: It was identified that isolated compound was as 4\’-hydroxy quercetin on the basis of FTIR, 1-H NMR and MS spectral analysis. Isolated flavonoid reduced the increased biochemical marker (BM) of liver and kidney. The BM was increased by inducing CCl4 and Cisplatin respectively. Conclusion: Isolated compound was 4\’-methoxy quercetin and significantly protect the liver and kidney.

}, keywords = {1-H NMR, Abies webbiana, CCl4., Cisplatin, Quercetin}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2016.4.6}, author = {Dinesh Kumar Yadav and Mohammed Ali and Ashoke Kumar Ghosh and Babita Kumar} }