@article {1978, title = {Analysis of Royal Jelly Apis Cerana as Therapeutic Candidate in Cbavd Based on Bioinformatics Studies}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {March 2023}, pages = {175-182}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {175}, abstract = {

Background: Apis cerana honey bee is a honey bee native to Asia that spreads from Afghanistan, China, and Japan to Indonesia. The productivity of Apis cerana honey bees can produce as much as 2-5 kg of honey per colony in a year. Royal jelly is the queen{\textquoteright}s nourishment, and it is produced by larvae, adult bees, young worker bees, and male bee larvae. CBAVD contributes to 1{\textendash}2\% of the 20{\textendash}25\% of males with subfertility. Aim: The objective of this study was to evaluate Royal Jelly Apis Cerana as a potential therapeutic candidate for CBAVD using a bioinformatics approach. Method: This research method consisted of converting nucleotides into amino acids, analyzing the three-dimensional structure of Apis Cerana Royal Jelly Protein, Ramachandran Plot Analysis, Analysis of Epitope and Allergen Proteins, and Analysis of Proteins that were antigens and toxins. Results: The research results were conducted on six three-dimensional Apis Cerana Royal Jelly bee protein structures and had very good validity based on the Ramachandran plot, GQME value, and QmeanDisCo value. In addition, this study also obtained the results of proteins that are epitope, antigenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used as a basis for therapy against CBAVD.

}, keywords = {Apis Cerana, Bioinformatics, CBAVD, Public health., Therapeutic Candidates}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.26}, author = {Maslichah Mafruchati and Jonathan Makuwia} } @article {1766, title = {Potential of Stem Cells in Overcoming Infertility Problems in Women}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {April 2022}, pages = {296-300}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {296}, abstract = {

Stem cells are characterized as cells with undifferentiated kinds that have the ability to differentiate into a variety of various cell types in response to the environment in which they are growing and develop (niche). Stem cells are classified into three broad categories based on their origin: extra-embryonic stem cells, which are derived from the amniotic fluid, umbilical cord and placenta; adult stem cells, which are derived from adult tissues such as blood, fat, bone marrow and skin; and embryonic stem cells, which are derived from the blastocyst. Stem cells exposed to certain suitable conditions will differentiate into 3 germ layers and also primordial germ cells. This is the basis for the latest research to obtain mature haploid gametes capable of developing into normal embryos and fetuses. Somatic Nuclear Cell Transfer (SNCT) technique is used to produce mature gametes so that the resulting cells contain cell nuclei with new genetic material. Infertility is a common problem that occurs with a prevalence of 10-15\% of couples of reproductive age. Causes of infertility in women include metabolic and hormonal disorders accompanied by interactions with environmental factors that reduce oocyte quality. This results in an increased rate of aneuploidy in the resultant oocytes and impairs the human implantation process. The main objective of this research is to enhance the understanding of stem cells in women{\textquoteright}s infertility. The method used in writing this review article is online literature studies obtained by accessing national and international scientific journals as well as scientific articles related to stem cells (Stem cells), infertility, women. From the results of this study, it can be seen the potential of stem cells (stem cells) in treating infertility in women. Further studies are needed, especially pre-clinical and clinical trials so that they can be widely applied.

}, keywords = {Health risk, Infertility therapy, Public Health, Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SNCT), Stem Cells}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.37}, author = {Maslichah Mafruchati and Jonathan Makuwia} } @article {1839, title = {Protein Analysis of Royal Jelly Bee Apis Mellifera Carpatica as Candidates for Immunotherapy in Reproductive Disorders}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {August 2022}, pages = {338-343}, type = {Original Article }, chapter = {338}, abstract = {

Background: The honey bee of the Apis mellifera species is the main type of bee cultivated in almost all countries in the world, including Indonesia. Honey has benefits in various aspects, including food, health, and beauty. Royal jelly is a daily food menu as a food supplement to maintain and increase health and vitality. Purpose: Analyzing the immunogenic and toxinogenic proteins of Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica as immunotherapy. Method: Conversion of nucleotides into amino acids. Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica, analysis of the three-dimensional structure of Protein of Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica, Analysis of Ramachandran Plots of Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica, Analysis of epitope and allergen proteins, Analysis of antigens and toxins. Research result: The research results found that six proteins of Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica were epitope, antigenic, and non-toxic. Allergens and three Royal jelly proteins, Apis mellifera carpatica, are non-allergenic. In this study, the three-dimensional structure has not been found and opens opportunities for proteomic studies of the Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica protein, including protein isolation. Conclusion: The findings of this study can be used as a basis for the use of immunotherapy materials against the protein Royal jelly Apis mellifera carpatica against reproductive disorders.

}, keywords = {Analysis, Apis mellifera carpatica, Immunotherapy, Protein, Royal jelly}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.104}, author = {Maslichah Mafruchati and Jonathan Makuwia} }