@article {1791, title = {Phytochemical Evaluation and Antioxidant Activity of Virginia tobacco Leaves (Nicotiana tabacum L. var virginia) Fractions with DPPH and FTC Methods}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {June 2022}, pages = {544-548}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {544}, abstract = {

Introduction: Virginia tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia) is one of the most extensive varieties of tobacco plants. Nicotiana tabacum var. Virginia leaves known to contain alkaloids, saponins, tannins, phenol, flavonoids, triterpenoids and glycosides. In addition to cigarette raw materials, tobacco is also able to be efficacious as an antibacterial, antifungal and bioinsecticide. Objective: The aim of this study to determine the total phenol and total flavonoids and also antioxidant activity of Virginia tobacco leaves fractions. The fraction with the largest compound content was evaluated further for its antioxidant activity. Methods: Virginia tobacco leaves was fractioned into dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions. Phenol levels were determined with Follin-Ciocalteu reagent using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer method measured at 743.50 nm and gallic acid as a reference compound. Total flavonoid levels were determined with AlCl3 reagent using the UV-Vis spectrophotometer method measured at 434.50 nm and quercetin as a reference compound. Antioxidant activity was evaluated with DPPH and Ferric Thiocyanate (FTC) method and the standard used was quercetin. Results: Total phenol levels in Virginia tobacco leaves of DCM, ethyl acetate, butanol and water fractions respectively were 191.2386 mgGAE/g, 201.2913 mgGAE/g, 180.5714 mgGAE/g, 212.8692 mgGAE/g. Total Flavonoid levels respectively were 6.0927 mgQE/g, 6.9659 mgQE/g, 5.1112 mgQE/g, 8.3346 mgQE/g. Antioxidant of water fraction was evaluated further using DPPH and FTC method with IC50 respectively were 75.9148μg/ml and 67.8972 μg/ml. Conclusion: Overview of total phenol and flavonoid levels fractions and antioxidant can be used as an additional initial reference for Virginia tobacco leaves development as source of medicinal substances.

}, keywords = {Atherosclerosis, Hylocereus polyrhizus, LDL cholesterol levels, Red dragon fruit peel}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.69}, author = {Kori Yati and Misri Gozan and Mardiastuti and Vivi Anggia and Rini Prastiwi and Mahdi Jufri} } @article {1279, title = {Ochna kirkii Oliv: Pharmacognostical Evaluation, Phytochemical Screening, and Total Phenolic Content}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {September 2020}, pages = {1317-1324}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1317}, abstract = {

Background: Ochna kirkii Oliv. belongs to family Ochnaceae is commonly known as {\textquotedblleft}mickey mouse plants{\textquotedblright} in Asia, included in Jakarta. Objectives: This research was conducted to study the pharmacognosy and total phenolic content. Methods: The pharmacognosy study including the macroscopic, microscopic, fluorescence and phytochemical characteristic, which enable to identification of medicinal plant drug, as well as the total phenolic content using spectrophotometric method. Physicochemical parameters, like loss on drying, ash value, extractive values etc. were also determined following WHO guidelines. Results: Physicochemical standard quantified include total ash 5.15\% {\textpm} 0.4623, acid insoluble ash 0.32\% {\textpm} 0.2614, water soluble ash 10.72\% {\textpm} 0.2340, alcohol soluble extractive 12.8\% {\textpm} 1.3770, ether soluble extractive 7.30\% {\textpm} 1.8341, water content 5.76 \% {\textpm} 0.0050, loss on drying 6.91\% {\textpm} 1.6133. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the leaves showed the presence of flavonoids, tannins, phenols, saponins and triterpenoid. TLC profile of the O.kirkii leaves extracts (n-hexane, DCM, ethyl acetate and 70\% ethanol) showed 8, 6, 7 and 10 spots respectively; in different solvent system. The total phenolic content was 252.08 mg GAE/g{\textpm} 0.4430. Conclusions: The various macroscopic, microscopic, physical and phytochemical analysis of the O.kirkii leaf is useful in standardization for quality, purity and sample identification.

}, keywords = {Chromatogram profile, Fluorescence, Macroscopic, Microscopic, Ochna kirkii}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.181}, author = {Endang Hanani and Vivi Anggia and Ike Nurvita Amalina} }