@article {1350, title = {Evaluate the Effect of Herbal Extract Remedy for Treatment of Liver Cirrhosis in in-vitro}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {13}, year = {2021}, month = {January 2021}, pages = {189-195}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {189}, abstract = {

Objectives: To evaluate the in-vitro effect of herbal extract recepies, namely XGTQ, in the treatment of liver cirrhosis that induced by Carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) in combination with alcohol and high-fat diet in rats. Materials and Methods: Liver cirrhosis was induced by subcutaneously injecting CC14 (initial dose of 5,0ml/kg, followed by 1,2ml/kg twice a week in 10 weeks) in winstar rats. Then, fed with synthetic food, added 20\% fat, and 0.05\% cholesterol and iron oxalate. Rats were administered a day with fresh water and water mixed with 30\% ethanol in another day. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups and given distilled water (group 1 or control group and group 2 or cirrhosis group), silymarin (group 3 or reference group) or the herbal recipes, aka XGTQ, drug extract (group 4, 5) for 4 weeks. Blood was collected for biochemical test and livers were dissected to evaluate weight, morphology and quantified 4-hydroxyproline to evaluate fibrosis and collagen accumulation. Results: In cirrhotic wistar rats, the XGTQ herbal drug at 19.6 g/kg/24h and 58.8 g/kg/24h showed the ability of reducing the level of enzymes AST, ALT in the blood (p\<0.01), increasing plasma albumin and decreasing prothrobin time (p\<0.05); improving physical condition, macroscopic and microscopic images of H\&E-stained liver; decreasing the concentration of hydroxyproline in the liver and reducing the level of cirrhosis on the masson-stained templates. The effect of herbal recipes XGTQ increased dramatically with the dose, and was equivalent to silymarin at the dose of 70 mg/kg/24h. Conclusion: The aqueous extract of XGTQ herbal remedy has have a good effect in treatment of liver cirrhosis in in-vitro and to be equivalent to that of silymarin at the dose of 70 mg/kg.

}, keywords = {CCl4, Liver cirrhosis, Silymarin, Wistar Rats, XGTQ herbal extract}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2021.13.27}, author = {Thanh Ha Tuan Nguyen and Ngan Nguyen Hoang and Xuan Thanh Nguyen and Binh Nhu Do and Son Trinh The} } @article {1216, title = {Tacrolimus Therapeutic Drug Monitoring in Vietnamese Renal Transplant Recipients}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {August 2020}, pages = {984-992}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {984}, abstract = {

Background: Use of tacrolimus (Tac) is pivotal to renal transplant (RT) immunosuppressive maintenance regiments. The most frequently used means of Tac monitoring is the measurement of the trough concentration (C0) in whole blood to maintain drug efficacy and minimize the consequences of overexposure. Most previous studies focused on therapeutic drug monitoring of Tac in renal transplant recipients and assessed the clinical response of patients. Our study aimed to describe a real Tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring transplantation and determine the clinical outcomes in Vietnamese adult renal transplant recipients. Methods: This retrospective study including 114 adult renal transplant patients (89 men and 25 women) with a mean age of 35.4 {\textpm} 8.98 years has been performed from August 2012 to March 2018 at Military Hospital 103 (Vietnam). Tac trough concentrations were adjusted according to the target range proposed by the European consensus conference on tacrolimus optimization. Samples for determination of tacrolimus blood levels were subdivided according to the posttransplantation period into three groups (0- 3 months (G1), 3-12 months (G2) and over 1 year (G3). Median Years of follow-up was 15.4 months [range 0.233 to 68.4 months]. Results: A total of 3037 blood samples for the determination of tacrolimus trough concentration were obtained. Median concentrations were 6.7 (4.5 {\textendash} 10.2) ng/ml, 6.4 (5.1 {\textendash} 8.3) and 5.6 (4.5 to 7.1) ng/ml for G1, G2, G3, respectively. After transplantation, three acute rejection (AR) events were documented (Cellular AR: 2, Humoral AR: 1). Cytomegalovirus, BK polyomavirus, Hepatitis B virus and Hepatitis C virus were detected in 7, 4, 7 and 3 renal post- transplant recipients, respectively. There were 5 patients with post-transplant diabetes (NODAT) and all of them had to convert to cyclosporine. 6 patients developed chronic kidney disease (CKD) after transplantation and 2 case with Tac-associated nephrotoxicity with proven biopsy. This observational study provided a real Tacrolimus therapeutic drug monitoring transplantation in Vietnamese renal transplant recipients. Main outcomes were acute rejection, post-transplant viral infections, neurotoxicity, NODAT, CKD, and Tac-associated nephrotoxicity.

}, keywords = {Renal transplantation, Tacrolimus, Therapeutic drug monitoring, Vietnam}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.139}, author = {Van Anh T Nguyen and Thang Viet Le and Manh Van Bui and Toan Quoc Pham and Son The Trinh and Binh Nhu Do and Lien Huong T Nguyen} }