@article {2557, title = {Quantification of Phenolics, Flavonoids, and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity in Rosella and Breadfruit Leaf Extracts}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {17}, year = {2025}, month = {December 2025}, pages = {688-698}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {688}, abstract = {

Indonesia is a country rich in biodiversity, with numerous plant species traditionally used in medicine. One such plant is breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis), whose leaves contain bioactive compounds such as flavonoids, saponins, tannins, quercetin, artocarpanone, and artoindonesianin. Another plant with high medicinal value is roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), a tropical plant from the Malvaceae family known for its rich phenolic content. Both plants are widely found across Indonesia and have potential as natural antioxidants. In this study, the dry extracts were prepared using the decoction method followed by spray drying. Phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid content analysis, and antioxidant activity tests were performed using standard in vitro methods. The DE2C extract (a combination of breadfruit leaves and roselle flowers) exhibited high total phenol content at 0.953 {\textpm} 0.005 g GAE/100 g and flavonoid content at 136.97 {\textpm} 5.050 μg QE/100 g. Meanwhile, the DE3C extract showed an IC$_{5}$$_{0}$ value of 540.55 ppm in the DPPH assay. Pearson correlation analysis showed a strong positive correlation between total phenolic content and antioxidant activity (R = 0.956, p \< 0.05), while flavonoids also showed a moderate correlation (R = 0.502, p \< 0.05). These results confirm that phenolic compounds play a key role in the antioxidant potential of the extract.

}, keywords = {Flavonoids, Quantification of Phenolics}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2025.17.86}, author = {Hesti Riasari and Sani Nurlaela Fitriansyah and Siti Uswatun Hasanah and Mia Aulia and Khania Zavella and Nurul Padilah} } @article {1015, title = {Comparison of Extraction Methods, Antioxidant Activities, Total Phenol in Seeds and Seed Shells of Kabau (Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) I.C. Nielsen) From Lampung and South Sumatra}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {October 2019}, pages = {1278-1284}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1278}, abstract = {

Background: Kabau is one of the famous plants in Lampung and South Sumatra. Kabau is usually used as an ingredient to increase the aroma of cooking. Kabau is a plant belongs to the same genus with Archidendron pauciflorium (Benth.) IC. Nielsen and in the same family with Leucaena leucocephala L. Objective: The purpose of this research was to compare the total phenolic content and the antioxidant activity between seed and fruit carp (shell) of kabau grown in Lampung and South Sumatra. Method: Kabau seeds and the shells were obtained from Lampung and South Sumatra. Extractions were conducted by maceration and a continuous extraction using Soxhlet apparatus with ethanol as the solvent. Phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of the extract were then measured. Results: The antioxidant activity and high phenol levels were found in kabau shell extract obtained by maceration method with IC-50 value of seed shell from Lampung 17.61 μg/mL and 44, 7 μg / mL for those from South Sumatra. Phenol content of seed shell from Lampung 11.74 g GAE / 100 g and South Sumatra 5.88 g GAE / 100 g. Conclusion: Based on the research that has been done, it can be concluded that high antioxidant activity and high levels of total phenol were found in shell extract obtained by maceration of shell from Lampung and South Sumatra.

}, keywords = {Antioxidants, Archidendron bubalinum (Jack) Nielsen, Phenols, Seed shell, Seeds}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.198}, author = {Hesti Riasari and Sani Nurlaela Fitriansyah and Rika Hartati and Kusnandar Anggadiredja and Sukrasno} }