@article {901, title = {Liquid Chromatography Single Quadrupole Mass Spectrometry (LC/SQ MS) Analysis Reveals Presence of Novel Antineoplastic Metabolites in Ethanolic Extracts of Fruits and Leaves of Annona muricata}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {July 2019}, pages = {660-668}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {660}, abstract = {

Background: Annona muricata, a tropical plant species belonging to family Annonaceae is one of the most used plants in folk medicine because of its many medicinal uses. Despite its wide usage, there is still need to continue scientifically evaluating its medicinal properties in order to avoid any adverse effects. Elucidating the detailed chemical composition of this plant is a significant step towards this evaluation. Objective: The aim of this study was to conduct LC MS analysis on the ethanolic extracts of fruits and leaves of Annona muricata for detection of novel metabolites. Materials and Methods: Leaves and fruits of Annona muricata were collected from Eastern Uganda during the month January 2018. Extraction was conducted using the tissue homogenization method and the extracts were analyzed on an LC/SQ MS detection system. The results were obtained by analyzing the MS spectra using the retentions time and fragmentation patterns on the NIST Library. Results: The study revealed that the fruits extracts contain 1,3-Dimethylthiourea and (4-chlorophenyl)-[4-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-[(Z)-3-(dimethylamino) prop-1-enyl]quinolin-6-yl]-(3-methylimidazol-4-yl)methanol, which are reported antioxidant and antineoplastic agents. The leaves contained 2,4,6-Tribromoaniline another antioxidant and antineoplastic agent, while compound (dichlorozirconium(2+);dimethyl-bis(2-methyl-4- phenylinden-1-id-1-yl)silane was found in both extracts of fruits and leaves. Conclusion: The current study suggests that ethanolic extracts of fruits and leaves of Annona muricata contain compounds which are potent antioxidant, antineoplastic and therapeutic agents for various conditions and paves the way for the development of several treatment regimens from these plant parts. Finally, the compounds reported in this study have been identified for the first time as being found in Annona muricata.

}, keywords = {Annona muricata, Antineoplastic, Antioxidant, Ethanolic extracts, LC/SQ MS, Phytochemicals}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.104}, author = {Yahaya Gavamukulya and Esther N Maina and Amos M Meroka and Edwin S Madivoli and Hany A El-Shemy and Gabriel Magoma and Fred Wamunyokoli} } @article {75, title = {GC-MS Analysis of Bioactive Phytochemicals Present in Ethanolic Extracts of Leaves of Annona muricata: A Further Evidence for Its Medicinal Diversity}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, pages = {300-304}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {300}, abstract = {

Background: Folk medicine has taken an important place especially in developing countries where limited health services are available. However, the absence of scientific evaluation of medicinal plants may cause serious adverse effects. Objective: To analyze the phytochemical composition of the ethanolic extracts of leaves of Annona muricata using gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS). Materials and methods: GC-MS Analysis was used. Results: The GC-MS Analysis revealed 25 constituents of which 12 of the compounds were identified. The major constituents were two unidentified compounds with percentage peak areas of 23.51\% and 16.8\%. Of the identified compounds, the outstanding in composition were 7-Tetradecenal, (Z) (peak area 9.39\%), n-Hexadecanoic acid (peak area 7.12\%), Oleyl Alcohol (peak area 6.15\%), Phytol (peak area 5.61\%), cis, cis, cis-7,10,13-Hexadecatrienal (peak area 4.26\%), 2-Pentadecanol (peak area 3.93\%), 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, ethyl ester (peak area 3.21\%), 1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl octyl ester (peak area 2.67\%), and 1,E- 11,Z-13-Octadecatriene (peak area 2.15\%), while the rest had less than 2\% composition by peak area. Conclusion: The current study suggests that ethanolic extracts of leaves of Annona muricata are a potent therapeutic agent and paves the way for the development of several treatment regimens based on compounds from this extract.

}, keywords = {Annona muricata, Ethanolic extracts, GC-MS, Medicinal diversity, Phytochemicals.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2015.5.9}, author = {Yahaya Gavamukulya and Faten Abou-Elella and Fred Wamunyokoli and Hany A El-Shemy} }