@article {867, title = {Antidiabetic, Antibacterial and Antioxidant Activities of Different Extracts from Brucea javanica (L.) Merr Seeds}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {11}, year = {2019}, month = {May 2019}, pages = {479-485}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {479}, abstract = {

Introduction: The seeds of B. javanica are known as herbal material for anticancer, antimalaria and antiamoeba. Limited report is available on their antidiabetic and antibacterial properties. Methods: Methanol (ME) and Ethyl acetate extracts (EAE) were studied for their inhibition activities on α-glucosidase in vitro, including combination of ME with acarbose and inhibition mechanism. Antibacterial activity was tested by well diffusion and microdilution methods. The extracts were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant property by DPPH assay, as well as their phenolic and flavonoid contents. Results: ME exhibited a strong α-glucosidase inhibition activity (IC50 271.97 μg/ml) compared to EAE and acarbose (IC50 of 1745.05 and 823.99 μg/ml, respectively). A low dose of ME gave an additive inhibition on α-glucosidase when combined with acarbose. By a kinetic analysis, ME was found to inhibit α-glucosidase in a mixed-type inhibition. Both ME and EAE showed strong antibacterial activities against gram negative and positive bacteria. The strongest inhibition was observed against C. violaceum and S. mutans for ME (MIC of both 0.387 mg/ml) and P. aeruginosa for EAE (MIC 2.938 mg/ml). Both extracts showed weaker antioxidant activities than standards; IC50 664.73 and 4225.40 μg/ml, respectively. ME was rich in phenolics (277.54 mg GAE/100 g DW), unlike EAE (1.86 mg GAE/100 g DW). Conclusion: This study can recommend B. javanica seeds as a source for antidiabetic and antibacterial agents. Combination with acarbose may have important role for the treatment of diabetes mellitus.

}, keywords = {Additive inhibition, Antibacterial, Brucea javanica, Mixed type inhibition, α-glucosidase inhibitor}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2019.11.76}, author = {Adelina Simamora and Kris Herawan Timotius and Adit Widodo Santoso} } @article {723, title = {Chemical Characteristics and In vitro Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Premna serratifolia L. Leaf Infusion and Decoction}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {1114-1118}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1114}, abstract = {

Introduction: Leaves of Premna serratifolia L. (local name: arogo) is well known as food ingredient for fish/meat-based soup in Tentena, Indonesia. Evaluation of its bioactivities is needed. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the \α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities of infusion and decoction of P. serratifolia leaves. Methods: The leaf samples were prepared by infusion and decoction and analysed for their \α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities, as well as total phenolic contents and LC-MS profiles. Results: The total phenolic content of the decoction was higher than the infusion. The UV spectra of both infusion and decoction showed peak at 325 nm and shoulder at 285 nm. Their LC-MS yielded one dominant component at 132 (100) m/z fragment, which was tentatively identified as caffeic acid. Both infusion and decoction extracts exhibited strong \α-glucosidase inhibition with IC50 of 4.27 and 0.046 \μg GAE/ml, respectively. The IC50 for DPPH scavenging activity of the infusion and decoction were similar; 6.82 and 7.28 \μg GAE/ml, respectively. But the IC50 of the infusion and decoction for ferrous ion chelating activities were different; 161.66 and 28.34 \μg GAE/ ml, respectively. The \α-glucosidase inhibitory and antioxidant activities were related to the phenolic content. Conclusion: The study concludes that both infusion and decoction of arogo leaves have antidiabetic effect and potential antioxidant activity. The decoction of the leaves may increase its antidiabetic capacity.

}, keywords = {Antioxidant, Aqueous extract, Inhibition mechanism, P. serratifolia, α-glucosidase inhibitor}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6.189}, author = {Kris Herawan Timotius and Adelina Simamora and Adit Widodo Santoso} }