@article {320, title = {Ashwagandha Root Extract Inhibits Acetylcholine Esterase, Protein Modification and Ameliorates H2O2-Induced Oxidative Stress in Rat Lymphocytes}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {April 2017 }, pages = {302-309}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {302}, abstract = {

Background: Herbs have long been the basis of medical treatment but the practice of herbalism is not strictly based on evidences gathered using scientific methods. Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera L.) is a traditional medicinal herb used in the treatment of various ailments. Objective: In current study we have evaluated the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) inhibitory and antioxidant potential of Ashwagandha root extract (ARE) in in-vitro and ex-vivo models to give a scientific base to its use in herbal medicine. Methodology: Simplest extraction e.g. maceration method was performed for preparation of extracts using methanol as solvent. Both in vitro and in vivo experimental trial were executed to evaluate the efficacy of root extract. Result and Discussion: ARE substantially scavenged free radicals and effectively prevented protein degradation as well as modification as studied by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Pre-treatment with ARE protected rat lymphocytes against H2O2-induced oxidative damage. H2O2 treatment resulted in DNA fragmentation and significantly decreased the activities of key antioxidant enzymes namely superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase while decreased and increased the content of glutathione and malondialdehyde, respectively. ARE pre-treatment almost reversed these changes indicating its efficiency to suppress hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress. Conclusion: The study provides the scientific basis of pleiotropic functions of Ashwagandha.

}, keywords = {Acetylcholine esterase, Antioxidants, Ashwagandha, DNA damage, Protein carbonylation, Rat lymphocytes}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.3.52}, url = {/files/PJ-9-3/10.5530pj.2017.3.52}, author = {Ajay Pal and Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar and Bharat Bhushan and Vinod Saharan} } @article {1442, title = {Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Effects of Asparagus racemosus in Human Colon and Mice Muscle Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {9th Feb, 2015}, pages = {182-190}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {182}, abstract = {

Introduction: The present study was designed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of Asparagus racemosus water (AWE) and methanolic (AME) fractions of roots. Methods: The in vitro antioxidant activity of AWE/AME was estimated by free radical scavenging assays. The DNA damage of HT29 and C2C12 cells was analyzed by comet assay. The plasmid DNA damage and protein oxidation were carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis respectively, where as lipid peroxidation was performed by TBARS assay. Results: Both the extracts showed scavenging activity with IC50 values of 417.4 \± 19.5 / 298 \± 13.5, 381 \± 18.2 / 235 \± 11.9, 54.8 \± 2.95 / 31.6 \± 1.52, 28.9 \± 1.73 / 19.7 \± 1.55 \μg/mL for DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. Similarly the methanolic extract showed more potent reducing power and total antioxidant activities over water fraction. The AME showed 56.8\% and 41.2\% protection against H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide) induced DNA damage of HT29 human colon cells and C2C12 murine myoblasts. The extract also showed protection against H2O2 induced plasmid DNA damge, AAPH induced protein oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lipid peroxidation of rat hepatic tissue. Conclusion: Over all this study showed remarkable antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of A.racemosus. The observed biological properties may be attributed to the high content phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract A. racemosus over water extract.

Key words: AAPH, Asparagus racemosus, C2C12, HT29, Protein oxidation, Single cell gel electrophoresis.

}, keywords = {AAPH, Asparagus racemosus, Protein oxidation, Single cell gel electrophoresis.}, author = {Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree and Puttasiddiah Rachitha and Krishnaswamy Krupashree and Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar and Farhath Khanum} } @article {53, title = {Antioxidant and DNA Damage Protective Effects of Asparagus racemosus in Human Colon and Mice Muscle Cells}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {7}, year = {2015}, month = {01/2015}, pages = {182-190}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {182}, abstract = {

Introduction: The present study was designed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of Asparagus racemosus water (AWE) and methanolic (AME) fractions of roots. Methods: The in vitro antioxidant activity of AWE/AME was estimated by free radical scavenging assays. The DNA damage of HT29 and C2C12 cells was analyzed by comet assay. The plasmid DNA damage and protein oxidation were carried out by agarose gel electrophoresis and SDS-PAGE analysis respectively, where as lipid peroxidation was performed by TBARS assay. Results: Both the extracts showed scavenging activity with IC50 values of 417.4 \± 19.5 / 298 \± 13.5, 381 \± 18.2 / 235 \± 11.9, 54.8 \± 2.95 / 31.6 \± 1.52, 28.9 \± 1.73 / 19.7 \± 1.55 \μg/mL for DPPH, metal chelating, ABTS and Nitric oxide scavenging activities respectively. Similarly the methanolic extract showed more potent reducing power and total antioxidant activities over water fraction. The AME showed 56.8\% and 41.2\% protection against H2O2 (Hydrogen peroxide) induced DNA damage of HT29 human colon cells and C2C12 murine myoblasts. The extract also showed protection against H2O2 induced plasmid DNA damge, AAPH induced protein oxidation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and lipid peroxidation of rat hepatic tissue. Conclusion: Over all this study showed remarkable antioxidant and macromolecule damage protective effects of A. racemosus. The observed biological properties may be attributed to the high content phenols and flavonoids in the methanolic extract A. racemosus over water extract.

}, keywords = {AAPH, Asparagus racemosus, C2C12, HT29, Protein oxidation, Single cell gel electrophoresis.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2015.3.7}, author = {Girindrababu Venkattappa Jayashree and Puttasiddiah Rachitha and Krishnaswamy Krupashree and Kandikattu Hemanth Kumar and Farhath Khanum} }