@article {2227, title = {Ethnomedicine In Nias Island}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {16}, year = {2024}, month = {February 2024}, pages = {186-194}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {186}, abstract = {

Background: Medicinal plants have an important role in the traditional medicine system of the Nias people, which has been passed down from generation to generation. Although there has been some ethnobotanical research in Indonesia, especially in Nias, studies regarding people{\textquoteright}s knowledge, use and perception of medicinal plants on this island are still very limited. Objective: to investigate the knowledge, use and perceptions of the Nias community towards medicinal plants. Design: The research population involved communities in various areas of Nias, and samples were taken randomly from several villages or communities. Data collection methods include questionnaires, interviews, and observations to detail the use of medicinal plants, local knowledge, and factors that influence the choice and use of medicinal plants. The research variables involve the demographic characteristics of respondents, education level, access to health information as independent variables, while the dependent variables include the use of medicinal plants and knowledge about medicinal plants.\ Results: As a result of data collection on respondents on Nias Island, there were 50 medicinal plants that people have often used for generations to treat diseases. Data analysis involved analyzing factors related to the use of medicinal plants. It is hoped that this research will provide a better understanding of the use of medicinal plants in Nias and contribute to the preservation of local knowledge and the development of public health strategies. Conclusion: Most of the empirical data submitted by the local Nias community is in accordance with research that has been carried out, however, there are 13 plants that need to be explored further because the empirical data does not match.

}, keywords = {Ethnobotanical, Ethnomedicine, Medicinal plant, Nias}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2024.16.26}, author = {Nilsya Febrika Zebua and Nerdy Nerdy and Kanne Dachi and Muflihah Fujiko and Abdi Wira Septama} } @article {2176, title = {Emilia Sonchifolia-A Critical and Comprehensive Review of its Diverse Medicinal Potential and Future as Therapeutic}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {December 2023}, pages = {1143-1149}, type = {Research Article}, chapter = {1143}, abstract = {

Emilia sonchifolia (L.) DC, it belongs to the family Asteraceae or Compositae, is conventionally used in ethnomedicine, and acquires various medicinal properties. This plant has been regarded as one of the widespread traditional vegetable salads in Malaysia, Bangladesh, and India. In addendum to its avail as a vegetable, the plant has been documented with several medicinal benefits in the extravagance of night blindness, epilepsy, malaria, asthma, burns, breast abscesses, and inflammatory diseases. On scrutinization of their pharmacological properties, it has been revealed that they possess numerous notable biological properties such as antimicrobial, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antianxiety, and anticataract, as well as anticonvulsant activities. Concrete evidence suggests the presence of potential phytochemicals in this plant with a wide range of unknown applications. In this current review, we discuss the phytochemicals present in the plant Emilia sonchifolia and emphasize the therapeutic and pharmacological activities reported so far concerning this plant.

}, keywords = {Anti-inflammatory, Anti-tumour, Emilia sonchifolia, Medicinal plant, Phytochemicals}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.208}, author = {Sardar Hussain and Komal KP and Guruvayoorappan C} } @article {2117, title = {Phytochemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity of the Essential Oil of Luma Chequen (Molina) A. Gray from Peru}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, month = {October 2023}, pages = {777-780}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {777}, abstract = {

Background: Luma chequen belongs to Myrtaceae family and it is known as {\textquotedblleft}arrayan{\textquotedblright}. In the traditional medicine from Peru, L chequen is used as aromatic plant, anti-inflammatory and hypocholesterolemic. Objective: To determine the phytochemical profile, evaluate the antioxidant and the antibacterial activity of L. chequen essential oil. Material and Methods: In the analysis of the volatile components a Gas Chromatography coupled to Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) was used to identify the content of terpenes and sesquiterpenes. 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) was the method used to determine the antioxidant activity and obtain the half inhibitory concentration (IC50). For the antibacterial activity, a colorimetric macrodilution method was carried out to evaluate the effect of the essential oil of L. chequen against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Results: The analysis by GC-MS showed two major components alpha-pinene (62.89\%) followed by 1,8-cineole (11.94\%), and propanoic acid, 2-methyl-, 2-methylpropyl ester with 8.67\%. In the antioxidant activity against DPPH radical, the essential oil of L. chequen showed an IC50 equivalent to124.60 {\textpm} 2.0 μg/mL. In the antibacterial activity, L. chequen had an MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 of 4.35 {\textpm} 0 μg/mL and 8.71 {\textpm} 0 μg/mL respectively. Conclusion: L. chequen presented monoterpene compounds as main phytoconstituents as well as antioxidant and antibacterial activity in vitro. The essential oil might be used as antimicrobial agent in the future overall against S. aureus.

}, keywords = {Antibacterial., Antioxidant, Aromatic plant, Essential oil, Luma chequeen, Medicinal plant}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2023.15.151}, author = {Julio Luis D{\'\i}az-Uribe and Mar{\'\i}a Elena Salazar-Salvatierra and Julio Reynaldo Ruiz-Quiroz and Oscar Herrera- Calderon and Eddie Loyola-Gonzales and Freddy Emilio Tataje-Napuri and Jos{\'e} Francisco Kong-Chirinos} } @article {1934, title = {GC-MS Analysis of Volatiles Present in Pappea Capensis Extracts}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {14}, year = {2022}, month = {January 2023}, pages = {948-954}, type = {Research Article }, chapter = {948}, abstract = {

The use of medicinal plants played a crucial role in human survival for many years. Papea capensis is used mostly in the Northern part of South Africa and neighboring countries. The woody part of the tree was collected, shade dried, and powdered. The extraction experiments (ethanolic extract, methanol extract, and water extract) were done at Synexa Life Sciences. For the purpose of identifying the biochemical elements present in the wood portion of Pappea capensis, the extracts were concentrated and analyzed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy at Central Analytical Facilities (CAF), University of Stellenbosch, South Africa. GC-MS identified 41 compounds which included 4-ethylbenzaldehyde, 2, 4-diter- butyl phenol, acetic acid, and butanoic acid, have a role in antioxidant, antimicrobial, antitumor, and antifungal effects. Regardless of their quantities, seven (7) unidentified phytochemical substances were discovered; their existence may have a favourable effect on therapeutic agents and be a source of the biological activities ascribed to them by conventional healers. Furthermore, it is a holistic plant for use in traditional medicine and aesthetic value among the indigenous communities in Limpopo due to the several varied chemical components that have been found. The three extracts must be fractionated according to bioassay-guidance to identify the pure components and establish which ones are physiologically active. The medicinal plants, being the only sources that traditional healers rely on for the treatment of their patients, have received tremendous attention in drug therapy, discovery, and development. These studies have demonstrated that Pappea capensis is a plant with potential for use in phytopharmaceuticals.

}, keywords = {GC-MS, Medicinal plant, Pappea capensis, Phytochemical compounds.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2022.14.195}, author = {Makhoahle PM} } @article {1169, title = {An Endangered Medicinal Plant, Ilex khasiana Exhibits Potent Antiparasitic Activity Against Intestinal Tapeworm}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {12}, year = {2020}, month = {June 2020}, pages = {725-730}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {725}, abstract = {

Background: A species of holly, Ilex khasiana Purk. (family Aquifoliaceae) is one of a few critically endangered medicinal plants in India. It is endemic to Khasi Hills, Meghalaya, and Aizawl, Mizoram. In the traditional medicines of Khasi and Mizo people, the leaves are used as a panacea for all sorts of infections. Nothing is known about its true pharmacological potentials. Objective: We aimed to assess the extract of I. khasiana leaves for its purported antiparasitic property. To test the antiparasitic activity, we collected intestinal tapeworms, Raillietina tetragona. Materials and Methods: I. khasiana leaves were dried and extracted in methanol. The plant extract was used to treat the tapeworms at different concentrations. The efficacy was recorded as survival values and were analysed by Student{\textquoteright}s t-test. The plant extracttreated tapeworms were fixed, dehydrated and observed under scanning electron microscopy for studying the structural details. Results: The methanol extract of I. khasiana leaf showed dose-dependent antiparasitic effect as that of albendazole. The treated tapeworms developed massive structural damages. The scolex was deformed, with its tegument extensively damaged. The suckers had their spines clumped. The body segments severely contracted and some portions were eroded. Hair-like microtriches were completely lost. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that I. khasiana has antiparasitic activity and requires further investigations, and that there is a need to foster its conservation and propagation.

}, keywords = {Medicinal plant, Parasite, Scanning electron microscopy, Tapeworm, Tegument}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2020.12.105}, author = {Charles Lalnunfela and PB Lalthanpuii and TC Lalhriatpuii and K Lalchhandama} } @article {456, title = {Aloe Vera (Medicinal Plant) Research: A Scientometric Assessment of Global Publications Output during 2007-16}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {December 2017}, pages = {1-8}, type = {Invited Article}, chapter = {1}, abstract = {

The paper examines 1988 global publications on Aloe Vera research, as covered in Scopus database during 2007-16. The Aloe Vera research registered 3.91\% growth and averaged its citation impact to 9.57 citations per paper. The top 12 most productive countries individually contributed global share 5.36\% to 52.17\%. India accounted for the largest global publication share (32.55\%), followed by USA (11.52\%), Iran (8.15\%), China (4.63\%) etc. Together, the top 12 countries accounted for 79.18\% global publications share and 84.94\% global citation share during 2007-16. Seven of top 12 countries scored relative citation index above the world average i.e. 1.04: U.K. (1.82), Thailand and USA (1.63 each), Spain (1.23), Pakistan and China (1.15 each) and Italy (1.12) during 2007-16. The country share of international collaborative publications across top 12 most productive countries varied from 5.36\% to 52.17\%, in Aloe Vera research during 2007-16. Medicine, among other subjects, accounted for the highest publications share (40.90\%), followed by pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (35.16\%), agricultural and biological sciences (23.09\%), biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (20.27\%), chemistry (7.90\%), immunology and microbiology (6.24\%) and engineering (5.38) during 2007-16. The top 20 most productive research organizations and the authors collectively contributed 11.47\% and 8.55\% respectively global publication share and 12.87\% and13.82\% respectively global citation share during 2007-16. The journals medium accounted for the largest 79.08\% global share with top 15 journals accounting for just 16.01\% of total output that was reported in journals during 2007-16. Only 18 papers in Aloe Vera research registered 100 plus citations between 104 to 242 citations per paper, and together these papers cumulated 2656 citations, averaging to 147.55 citations per paper. These 18 highly cited papers involved the participation of 66 authors and 41 organizations and were published in 15 journals.

}, keywords = {Aloe vera, Bibliometrics, Global research output, Medicinal plant, Scientometrics}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.1.1}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/356}, author = {BM Gupta and KK Mueen Ahmed and SM Dhawan and Ritu Gupta} } @article {712, title = {Curcuma longa (Medicinal Plant) Research: A Scientometric Assessment of Global Publications Output during 1997-2016}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {998-1006}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {998}, abstract = {

The present study examined 5351 global publications in Curcuma longa as covered in international Scopus database during 1997-2016, with a view to understand their growth rate, global publication share, citation impact, international collaborative papers share, distribution of publications by broad subjects, productivity and citation profile of top organizations and authors, preferred media of communication and bibliographic characteristics of high cited papers. The global publications registered an annual average growth rate of 13.40\% and its citation impact averaged to 29.04 citations per paper. Among the top 15 countries, the global share ranged from 1.91\% to 31.04\%, with India contributing the largest share of 31.04\%, followed by USA (13.96\%), China (11.55\%), etc. 92.66\% and 96.84\% of the cumulative global publication and citation share comes from top 15 countries during 1997-2016, showing increase in publication share from 89.25\% to 93.62\% from 1997-2006 to 2007-17. Five countries registered relative citation index above the world average of 1.05: USA (2.29), U.K. (2.08), Taiwan (1.81), Italy (1.23) and South Korea (1.10) during 1997-2016. Medicine, among seven broad subjects, contributed the largest publications share of 37.38\%, followed by pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (32.07\%), biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (31.68\%), agricultural and biological sciences (25.53\%), chemistry (12.78\%), etc. during 1997-16 Among various organizations and authors contributing to global Curcuma longa research, the 20 most productive global organizations and authors together contributed 13.89\% and 5.59\% global publication share and 20.75\% and 14.25\% global citation share respectively during 1997-2016. Amongst 5157 journal papers (in 2216 journals) in global Curcuma longa research, the top 20 most productive journals contributed 15.92\% share of total journal publication output during 1997-2016. Three hundred forty (340) publications were found to be high cited, as they registered citations from 100 to 3869 during 1997-2016 and they together received 81274 citations, which averaged to 239.04 citations per paper. It is suggested that developing countries need to increase their efforts in investment in R \& D to increase their output and also to perform better in terms of quality of research.

}, keywords = {Bibliometrics, Curcuma longa, Global research output, Medicinal plant, Scientometrics}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.5.170}, author = {K K Mueen Ahmed and B. M. Gupta and Ritu Gupta} } @article {742, title = {Glycyrrhiza glabra (Medicinal Plant) Research: A Scientometric Assessment of Global Publications Output during 1997-2016}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {1067-1075}, type = {Invited Article}, chapter = {1067}, abstract = {

The present study examined 3428 global publications in Glycyrrhiza glabra, as covered in multidisciplinary Scopus bibliographical database during 1997-2016, with a view to understand their growth rate, global share, citation impact, international collaborative papers share, distribution of publications by broad subjects, productivity and citation profile of top organizations and authors, preferred media of communication and bibliographic characteristics of high cited papers. The global publications registered an annual average growth rate of 10.87\% and its citation impact averaged to 19.09 citations per paper. Among the top 12 most productive countries, the global share ranged from 1.87\% to 19.81\%, with China contributing the largest share of 19.81\%, followed by India (13.71\%), USA (11.84\%), etc. More than 79.0\% of the cumulative global publication share comes from top 12 countries during 1997-2016, showing decrease from 100.0\% to 77.80\% from 1997-2006 to 2007-16. Seven countries registered relative citation index above the world average of 1.10: U.K. (2.39), USA (1.87), Canada (1.71), Italy (1.51), Japan (1.49), Turkey (1.24) and Taiwan (1.18) during 1997-2016. Medicine, among seven broad subjects, contributed the largest publications share of 44.41\%, followed by pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics (35.04\%), biochemistry, genetics and molecular biology (26.84\%), agricultural and biological sciences (16.89\%), chemistry (14.59\%), etc. during 1997-16. Among various organizations and authors contributing to global Glycyrrhiza glabra research, the 20 most productive global organizations and authors together contributed 15.08\% and 9.16\% global publication share respectively and 14.57\% and 16.62\% global citation share respectively during 1997-16. Amongst 3322 journal papers (in 1153 journals) in global Glycyrrhiza glabra research, the top 20 most productive journals contributed 16.80\% share of total journal publication output during 1997-2016. One hundred thirteen (113) publications were found to be high cited, as they registered citations from 100 to 852 during 1997-2016 and they together received 22234 citations, which averaged to 196.76 citations per paper.

}, keywords = {Bibliometrics, Global research output, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Medicinal plant, Scientometrics}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6.180}, author = {B. M. Gupta and K K Mueen Ahmed and Ritu Gupta} } @article {744, title = {In-vitro Cytotoxic Activity of Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.)Suksathan and Borchs. On A549, A431, CaCo2, U87 and L929 Cell Lines}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {10}, year = {2018}, month = {August 2018}, pages = {1216-1220}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {1216}, abstract = {

Introduction: Medicinal plants play a key role to cure many diseases from time immemorial. The usage of medicinal plants in traditional medicinal system is the vital process of India. Cancer is one of the killing diseases and causes severe defects on human being. There are many types of cancer diseases in human beings affects the different organs. There is no proper medicine to cure such kind of cancer diseases. Objective: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the test substances for their cytotoxicity against selected cell lines. Methods: In the present study the in-vitro cytotoxicity potential of chloroform and methanolic leaf extract of Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Suksathan and Borchs. Was carried out against five cell lines, four of which were cancerous and one normal cell line i.e., A549, A431, CaCo2, U87 and L929. Results: The results revealed that the cytotoxicity potential of the leaf and rhizome increased with the increase in concentration of leaf and rhizome extracts. The chloroform leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against A549 cell line. The methanol leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against A431 cell line. The chloroform leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against CaCo2 cell line. The chloroform rhizome extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against U87 cell line. The methanolic leaf extract showed highest percentage of growth inhibition against L929 cell line .This shows that for different cell lines the highest percentage growth of inhibition was shown by different extracts. Conclusion: The present study has suggested that the leaf and rhizome extracts of Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Suksathan and Borchs. , Possesses potent anticancer property which can be used to prepare anticancer drug with proper standardization methods.

}, keywords = {Anticancer activity, Cancer Cell Lines, Indianthus virgatus (Roxb.) Suksathan and Borchs, Medicinal plant}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2018.6.208}, author = {Sangeetha D N and S Rajamani} } @article {459, title = {Antibrucellosis Activity of Medicinal Plants from Western Ghats and Characterization of Bioactive Metabolites}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {s122-s128}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s122}, abstract = {

Background: Brucellosis is one of the most prevalent bacterial zoonosis which is transmitted to humans from animals. As an alternative to conventional antibiotics, medicinal plants are valuable resources for new agents against antibiotic-resistant strains. Objective: To evaluate the antibrucellosis activity of different medicinal plants collected from the Western Ghats against Brucella abortus, Brucella melitensis, Brucella suis. Identification and characterization of the bioactive metabolites of the potent antibrucellosis agent by Thin Layer Chromatography and Gas chromatography mass spectroscopy. Methods: Antibacterial assay was carried for the ethanolic extract of different medicinal plants, the potential and effective medicinal plants extract was subjected for purification by TLC and the bioactive metabolites were characterized by the GC MS analysis. Results: Acacia nelotica, Terminalia arjuna, Eugenia jambolana and Callistemon citrinus showed the antibrucellosis activity comparatively Callistemon citrinus had the strong antibrucellosis activity. Further the crude sample was purified by TLC profiling, compounds with different retention factor were screened for antibrucellosis activity, and the bioactive metabolites were identified by GC-MS analysis. Conclusion: For the first time the different medicinal plants from Western Ghats were screened for the antibrucellosis activity. The crude and TLC purified Callistemon citrinus ethanolic extract exhibited strong antibrucellosis activity. The bioactive compounds identified were reported for the first time and the bioactive metabolites identified exhibited as potential antibacterial agents against brucellosis and other Human pathogens.

}, keywords = {Antibrucellosis, Bioactive compounds, GC-MS, Medicinal plant, TLC}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6s.168}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/393}, author = {Sri Raghava and Sharanaiah Umesha} } @article {441, title = {Distribution, Ethnobotany, Pharmacognosy and Phytoconstituents of Coptis teeta Wall.: A Highly Valued and Threatened Medicinal Plant of Eastern Himalayas}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {November 2017}, pages = {s28-s34}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {s28}, abstract = {

Objectives:\ To study the distribution, traditional knowledge, dose and preparations, phytoconstituents, pharmacognostic characters and to correlate phytoconstituents and the claimed health benefits among the tribal people of Arunachal Pradesh if any, the present study was carried out. Methods: Field survey and interview were used for ethnobotany and protocol given in Shah and Seth (2010), Kakote et. al.,(2012) and Wallis (2011) was followed to study pharmacognostic studies while GC-MS was used in the studies of phytoconstituents. Results: This study reports numbers of volatile and non-volatile compounds from the rhizome of Coptis teeta with high percentage of berberine alkaloids. The study also reports alkaloid deposition at parenchymatous tissues and vascular tissues of rhizome. Phytoconstituents presents in the ethanolic extract of C.teeta cold be related to health problems and phytoconstituents as claimed by tribal people of Arunachal Pradesh. Conclusion: Locally called Mishmi teeta in Arunachal Pradesh, Coptis teeta Wall. is a well-known medicinal plant used among Mishmi and other tribes of Arunachal Pradesh for health problems like loose motion, stomach pain, diarrhoea and malaria. This endemic and threatened medicinal plant contains numbers of biologically active compounds and need in-situ as well as ex-situ conservation.

}, keywords = {Berberine, Eastern Himalayas, Medicinal plant, Mishmi tribe, Phytoconstituents, Threatened}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.6s.154}, url = {http://fulltxt.org/article/378}, author = {Temin Payum} } @article {228, title = {Evaluation of Lens Aldose Reductase Inhibitory and Free Radical Scavenging Potential of Fractions of Lonchocarpus cyanescens: Potential for Cataract Remediation}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2016}, pages = {62-69}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {62}, abstract = {

Introduction: Current research effort at discovering effective anticataract agent is focus on evaluating Aldose reductase inhibition (ARI) capacities of medicinal plants and plant extracts. The present study was aimed at investigating the in vitro ARI activity of fractions of Lonchocarpus cyanescens leaves on partially purified AR from goat lens. Methods: Phytochemical constituents of the leaves were screened for using aqueous and methanolic extract while in vitro free radical scavenging and ARI activities of the fractions were evaluated using partially purified aldose reductase. Kinetics of the enzyme in the presence of fractions of the leaves was then compared using Lineweaver-Burk plot. Results: Phenol, flavonoid, tannins and phlobatannins were detected in both extracts. All the fractions inhibited AR significantly but this was strongest with aqueous (IC50, 0.06 \± 0.02 mM-1 and chloroform fractions (IC50, 0.09 \± 0.01 mM-1). Ethyl acetate, hexane and methanol fraction showed competitive inhibition whereas the aqueous and chloroform fractions showed mixed inhibition with a different Vmax and Km when compared with DL-glyceraldehyde. All the fractions also showed antioxidant capacities but this was also strongest with aqueous fraction. Conclusion: The study confirms the ARI and antioxidant capacity of Lonchocarpus cyanescens which may be attributed to its phenolic constituents and whose extraction is solvent dependent. The plant may therefore serve as a base for the development of anticataract agent.

}, keywords = {Aldose reductase, Cataract, Free radical, Medicinal plant, Phytochemical constituents.}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.12}, author = {Emmanuel Oladipo AJANI and Saheed SABIU and Kuburat Temitope ODUFUWA and Taiwo Bashir Ibrahim and Bamidele Adewale Salau} } @article {227, title = {Toxicology and Oral glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) of Thai Medicinal Plant Used for Diabetes controls, Phyllanthus acidus L. (EUPHORBIACEAE)}, journal = {Pharmacognosy Journal}, volume = {9}, year = {2017}, month = {December 2016}, pages = {58-61}, type = {Original Article}, chapter = {58}, abstract = {

Aim: The present study aimed to investigate toxicity and oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) of Phyllanthus acidus leaf extract (PAE) on Wistar rat. Methods: PAE was prepared and administered orally to experimental animals used. The extract was tested for toxicity in rats at a dose of 0, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 mg/kg body weight p.o once daily for 14 days. The hypoglycemic effects of PAE on normal rats and orally glucose-induced hyperglycemic rats were compared with distilled water and glibenclamide. A single dose (250 mg/kg body weight) of PAE was administered and blood glucose level was obtained by pricking the tail vain using glucometer at time -30, 0, 30, 60, 120 and 240 minutes. Results: All doses of the extract did not exert any sign or symptom of toxicity and the dead rat was not found. The body weight, white blood cell (WBC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), platelet (PLT), plateletcrit (PCT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), blood chemistry, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, alkaling phosphatase (ALP) and organ weight of liver were not significantly different between control and treated rats. However, red blood cell (RBC), hematocrit (HCT), lymphocyte (LYM), and hemoglobin (Hb) at a dose 1,500 mg./kg body weight were significantly lower than those in the control group. The blood glucose levels of PAE treated groups were not different with control and Glybenclamide treated. Conclusion: The findings of the present study can be concluded that the PAE are practically non-toxic at a lower dose.

}, keywords = {Blood glucose, Diabetes, Medicinal plant, Phyllanthus acidus, Toxicity}, doi = {10.5530/pj.2017.1.11}, author = {Napapach Chaimum-aom and Sanong Chomko and Chusri Talubmook} }